45. Sūrat al-Jāthiyah

٤٥۔ سُورَةُ الجاثِية

Qurʾān > Chapter 45
القرآن > كتاب ٤٥

Crouching (Meccan)

quran:45:1 – In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

Ha, Meem.  

Hā mīm: God knows best what He means by these ˹letters˺.
القرآن:٤٥:١ – بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

حم  

{حم} الله أعلم بمراده به.
quran:45:2 –

The revelation of the Book is from Allah, the Exalted in Might, the Wise.  

The revelation of the Book, the Qur’ān (tanzīlu’l-kitābi, the subject) is from God (mina’Llāhi, the predicate thereof) the Mighty, in His kingdom, the Wise, in His actions.
القرآن:٤٥:٢ –

تَنْزِيلُ الْكِتَابِ مِنَ اللَّهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْحَكِيمِ  

{تنزيل الكتاب} القرآن مبتدأ {من الله} خبره {العزيز} في مُلكه {الحكيم} في صنعه.
quran:45:3 –

Indeed, within the heavens and earth are signs for the believers.  

Truly in the heavens and the earth, that is to say, in their creation, there are signs, indicating the power of God and His Oneness, exalted be He, for believers.
القرآن:٤٥:٣ –

إِنَّ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ لَآيَاتٍ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ  

{إن في السماوات والأرض} أي في خلقهما {لآيات} دالة على قدرة الله ووحدانيته تعالى {للمؤمنين}.
quran:45:4 –

And in the creation of yourselves and what He disperses of moving creatures are signs for people who are certain ˹in faith˺.  

And in your creation, that is to say, and in the creation of every one of you from a sperm-drop, then a blood clot, then an embryo until it becomes a human being; and, ˹in˺ the creation of, what He has scattered, ˹what˺ He has dispersed throughout the earth, of animals — ˹dābba denotes˺ whatever treads on (yadubbu) the earth of ˹both˺ human beings and other ˹animals˺ — there are signs for a people who are certain, of the Resurrection;
القرآن:٤٥:٤ –

وَفِي خَلْقِكُمْ وَمَا يَبُثُّ مِنْ دَابَّةٍ آيَاتٌ لِقَوْمٍ يُوقِنُونَ  

{وفي خلقكم} أي في خلق كل منكم من نطفة ثم علقة ثم مضغة إلى أن صار إنساناً {و} خلق {ما يبث} يفرق في الأرض {من دابة} هي ما يدب على الأرض من الناس وغيرهم {آيات لقوم يوقنون} بالبعث.
quran:45:5 –

And ˹in˺ the alternation of night and day and ˹in˺ what Allah sends down from the sky of provision and gives life thereby to the earth after its lifelessness and ˹in His˺ directing of the winds are signs for a people who reason.  

and, in, the alternation of night and day, their passing and their arrival, and what God sends down from the heaven ˹in the way˺ of provision, rain, for it constitutes a means of provision, with which He revives the earth after it is dead, and the circulation of the winds, its alternation between southerly and northerly, hot and cold, there are signs for a people who understand, proofs and therefore have faith.
القرآن:٤٥:٥ –

وَاخْتِلَافِ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَمَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مِنْ رِزْقٍ فَأَحْيَا بِهِ الْأَرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا وَتَصْرِيفِ الرِّيَاحِ آيَاتٌ لِقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ  

{و} في {اختلاف الليل والنهار} ذهابهما ومجيئهما {وما أنزل الله من السماء من رزق} مطر لأنه سبب الرزق {فأحيا به الأرض بعد موتها وتصريف الريح} تقليبها مرة جنوباً ومرة شمالاً وباردة وحارة {آيات لقوم يعقلون} الدليل فيؤمنون.
quran:45:6 –

These are the verses of Allah which We recite to you in truth. Then in what statement after Allah and His verses will they believe?  

These, mentioned signs, are the signs of God, the proofs of His that indicate His Oneness, which We recite, relate, to you with truth (bi’l-haqqi is semantically connected to natlū, ‘We recite’). So in what ˹kind of˺ discourse then, after God, that is to say, ˹after˺ His discourse, namely, the Qur’ān, and His signs, His definitive arguments, will they, that is, the disbelievers of Mecca, believe? In other words: they will not believe ˹in anything˺ (a variant reading ˹for yu’minūna, ‘they believe’˺ has tu’minūna, ‘you believe’).
القرآن:٤٥:٦ –

تِلْكَ آيَاتُ اللَّهِ نَتْلُوهَا عَلَيْكَ بِالْحَقِّ ۖ فَبِأَيِّ حَدِيثٍ بَعْدَ اللَّهِ وَآيَاتِهِ يُؤْمِنُونَ  

{تلك} الآيات المذكورة {آيات الله} حججه الدالة على وحدانيته {نتلوها} نقصها {عليك بالحق} متعلق بنتلو {فبأي حديث بعد الله} أي حديثه وهو القرآن {وآياته} حججه {يؤمنون} أي كفار مكة، أي لا يؤمنون، وفي قراءة بالتاء.
quran:45:7 –

Woe to every sinful liar  

Woe (waylun is an expression implying chastisement) to every sinful liar,
القرآن:٤٥:٧ –

وَيْلٌ لِكُلِّ أَفَّاكٍ أَثِيمٍ  

{ويل} كلمة عذاب {لكل أفاك} كذاب {أثيم} كثير الإثم.
quran:45:8 –

Who hears the verses of Allah recited to him, then persists arrogantly as if he had not heard them. So give him tidings of a painful punishment.  

who hears the signs of God, the Qur’ān, being recited to him, then persists, in his disbelief, arrogantly, disdainful of faith, as if he had not heard them. So give him tidings of a painful chastisement.
القرآن:٤٥:٨ –

يَسْمَعُ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ يُصِرُّ مُسْتَكْبِرًا كَأَنْ لَمْ يَسْمَعْهَا ۖ فَبَشِّرْهُ بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ  

{يسمع آيات الله} القرآن {تتلى عليه ثم يصر} على كفره {مستكبراً} متكبراً عن الإيمان {كأن لم يسمعها فبشره بعذاب أليم} مؤلم.
quran:45:9 –

And when he knows anything of Our verses, he takes them in ridicule. Those will have a humiliating punishment.  

And should he come to know anything of Our signs, namely, the Qur’ān, he takes them in mockery. For such, liars — there is a degrading chastisement.
القرآن:٤٥:٩ –

وَإِذَا عَلِمَ مِنْ آيَاتِنَا شَيْئًا اتَّخَذَهَا هُزُوًا ۚ أُولَٰئِكَ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ مُهِينٌ  

{وإذا علم من آياتنا} أي القرآن {شيئاً اتخذها هزواً} أي مهزوءاً بها {أولئك} أي الأفاكون {لهم عذاب مهين} ذو إهانة.
quran:45:10 –

Before them is Hell, and what they had earned will not avail them at all nor what they had taken besides Allah as allies. And they will have a great punishment.  

Beyond them, that is to say, ahead of them — because they are ˹still˺ in this world — is Hell, and that which they have earned, of wealth and deeds, will not avail them in any way, nor those whom they took besides God, that is, idols, as patrons. And for them there will be a great chastisement.
القرآن:٤٥:١٠ –

مِنْ وَرَائِهِمْ جَهَنَّمُ ۖ وَلَا يُغْنِي عَنْهُمْ مَا كَسَبُوا شَيْئًا وَلَا مَا اتَّخَذُوا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ أَوْلِيَاءَ ۖ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ  

{من ورائهم} أي أمامهم لأنهم في الدنيا {جهنم ولا يغني عنهم ما كسبوا} من المال والفعال {شيئاً ولا ما اتخذوا من دون الله} أي الأصنام {أولياء ولهم عذاب عظيم}.
quran:45:11 –

This ˹Qur'an˺ is guidance. And those who have disbelieved in the verses of their Lord will have a painful punishment of foul nature.  

This, that is, the Qur’ān, is a guidance, from error; and those who disbelieve in the signs of their Lord, for them there will be a torture, a lot, of a painful, an excruciating, chastisement.
القرآن:٤٥:١١ –

هَٰذَا هُدًى ۖ وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِآيَاتِ رَبِّهِمْ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ مِنْ رِجْزٍ أَلِيمٌ  

{هذا} أي القرآن {هدى} من الضلالة {والذين كفروا بآيات ربهم لهم عذاب} حظ {من رجز} أي عذاب {أليم} موجع.
quran:45:12 –

It is Allah who subjected to you the sea so that ships may sail upon it by His command and that you may seek of His bounty; and perhaps you will be grateful.  

God it is Who disposed for you the sea so that the ships may sail upon it by His command, by His permission, and that you may seek, that you may request, by way of trade, of His bounty, and that perhaps you may give thanks.
القرآن:٤٥:١٢ –

اللَّهُ الَّذِي سَخَّرَ لَكُمُ الْبَحْرَ لِتَجْرِيَ الْفُلْكُ فِيهِ بِأَمْرِهِ وَلِتَبْتَغُوا مِنْ فَضْلِهِ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ  

{الله الذي سخر لكم البحر لتجري الفلك} السفن {فيه بأمره} بإذنه {ولتبتغوا} تطلبوا بالتجارة {من فضله ولعلكم تشكرون}.
quran:45:13 –

And He has subjected to you whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth - all from Him. Indeed in that are signs for a people who give thought.  

And He has disposed for you whatever is in the heavens, of sun, moon, stars, water and otherwise, and whatever is in the earth, of animals, trees, vegetation, rivers and otherwise, that is to say, He created ˹all˺ that for your benefit, all (jamī‘an is for emphasis) being from Him (minhu is a circumstantial qualifier, that is to say, He has disposed them as something from Him, exalted be He). Surely in that there are signs for a people who reflect, on them and therefore believe.
القرآن:٤٥:١٣ –

وَسَخَّرَ لَكُمْ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ جَمِيعًا مِنْهُ ۚ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ لِقَوْمٍ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ  

{وسخر لكم ما في السماوات} من شمس وقمر ونجوم وماء وغيره {وما في الأرض} من دابة وشجر ونبات وأنهار وغيرها أي خلق ذلك لمنافعكم {جميعاً} تأكيد {منه} حال، أي سخرها كائنة منه تعالى {إن في ذلك لآيات لقوم يتفكرون} فيها فيؤمنون.
quran:45:14 –

Say, ˹O Muhammad˺, to those who have believed that they ˹should˺ forgive those who expect not the days of Allah so that He may recompense a people for what they used to earn.  

Tell those who believe to forgive those who do not anticipate, ˹those who do not˺ fear, the days of God, the events which He precipitates, that is to say, forgive the disbelievers the harm which they have caused you — this was before the command to struggle against them ˹had been revealed˺ — that He, God, may requite (a variant reading ˹for li-yajziya˺ has li-najziya, ‘that We may requite’) a people for what they used to earn, when they used to forgive disbelievers the harm which they did.
القرآن:٤٥:١٤ –

قُلْ لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا يَغْفِرُوا لِلَّذِينَ لَا يَرْجُونَ أَيَّامَ اللَّهِ لِيَجْزِيَ قَوْمًا بِمَا كَانُوا يَكْسِبُونَ  

{قل للذين آمنوا يغفروا للذين لا يرجون} يخافون {أيام الله} وقائعه، أي اغفر للكفار ما وقع منهم من الأذى لكم وهذا قبل الأمر بجهادهم {ليجزي} أي الله وفي قراءة بالنون {قوماً بما كانوا يكسبون} من الغفر للكفار أذاهم.
quran:45:15 –

Whoever does a good deed - it is for himself; and whoever does evil - it is against the self. Then to your Lord you will be returned.  

Whoever acts righteously, it is for ˹the benefit of˺ his own soul, that he acts ˹so˺, and whoever does evil, it is to the detriment thereof, that he has done evil; then to your Lord you will be returned, ˹with your Lord˺ you shall end up, whereupon He will requite the one of righteous deeds and the evildoer.
القرآن:٤٥:١٥ –

مَنْ عَمِلَ صَالِحًا فَلِنَفْسِهِ ۖ وَمَنْ أَسَاءَ فَعَلَيْهَا ۖ ثُمَّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكُمْ تُرْجَعُونَ  

{من عمل صالحاً فلنفسه} عمل {ومن أساء فعليها} أساء {ثم إلى ربكم ترجعون} تصيرون فيجازي المصلح والمسيء.
quran:45:16 –

And We did certainly give the Children of Israel the Scripture and judgement and prophethood, and We provided them with good things and preferred them over the worlds.  

And verily We gave the Children of Israel the Scripture, the Torah, and ˹the means of˺ judgement, therewith between people, and prophethood, for Moses and Aaron among them, and We provided them with the good things, the lawful things, such as manna and quails, and We favoured them above ˹all˺ worlds, the worlds of their time, ˹that is, above all other˺ rational beings.
القرآن:٤٥:١٦ –

وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ الْكِتَابَ وَالْحُكْمَ وَالنُّبُوَّةَ وَرَزَقْنَاهُمْ مِنَ الطَّيِّبَاتِ وَفَضَّلْنَاهُمْ عَلَى الْعَالَمِينَ  

{ولقد آتينا بني إسرائيل الكتاب} التوراة {والحكم} به بين الناس {والنبوة} لموسى وهارون منهم {ورزقناهم من الطيبات} الحلالات كالمنّ والسلوى {وفضلناهم على العالمين} عالمي زمانهم العقلاء.
quran:45:17 –

And We gave them clear proofs of the matter ˹of religion˺. And they did not differ except after knowledge had come to them - out of jealous animosity between themselves. Indeed, your Lord will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection concerning that over which they used to differ.  

And We gave them clear illustrations of the commandment, the commandment of religion, in the way of what is lawful or unlawful, and the Mission of Muhammad (s), upon whom be the most excellent blessings and peace. And they did not differ, regarding his Mission, except after the knowledge had come to them, out of rivalry among themselves, that is to say, because of some rivalry that came about among them, out of envy of him. Surely your Lord will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection concerning that in which they used to differ.
القرآن:٤٥:١٧ –

وَآتَيْنَاهُمْ بَيِّنَاتٍ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ ۖ فَمَا اخْتَلَفُوا إِلَّا مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا جَاءَهُمُ الْعِلْمُ بَغْيًا بَيْنَهُمْ ۚ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ يَقْضِي بَيْنَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِيمَا كَانُوا فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ  

{وآتيانهم بينات من الأمر} أمر الدين من الحلال والحرام وبعثة محمد عليه أفضل الصلاة والسلام {فما اختلفوا} في بعثته {إلا من بعد ما جاءهم العلم بغياً بينهم} أي لبغي حدث بينهم حسداً له {إن ربك يقضي بينهم يوم القيامة فيما كانوا فيه يختلفون}.
quran:45:18 –

Then We put you, ˹O Muhammad˺, on an ordained way concerning the matter ˹of religion˺; so follow it and do not follow the inclinations of those who do not know.  

Then We set you, O Muhammad (s), upon a ˹clear˺ course, ˹a clear˺ way, of the commandment, the commandment of religion; so follow it, and do not follow the desires of those who do not know, in worshipping other than God.
القرآن:٤٥:١٨ –

ثُمَّ جَعَلْنَاكَ عَلَىٰ شَرِيعَةٍ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ فَاتَّبِعْهَا وَلَا تَتَّبِعْ أَهْوَاءَ الَّذِينَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ  

{ثم جعلناك} يا محمد {على شريعة} طريقة {من الأمر} أمر الدين {فاتبعها ولا تتبع أهواء الذين لا يعلمون} في عبادة غير الله.
quran:45:19 –

Indeed, they will never avail you against Allah at all. And indeed, the wrongdoers are allies of one another; but Allah is the protector of the righteous.  

Assuredly they will not avail, they ˹will not˺ protect, you in any way against God, against His chastisement. And assuredly the wrongdoers, the disbelievers, are allies of one another; but God is the ally ˹only˺ of the God-fearing.
القرآن:٤٥:١٩ –

إِنَّهُمْ لَنْ يُغْنُوا عَنْكَ مِنَ اللَّهِ شَيْئًا ۚ وَإِنَّ الظَّالِمِينَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِيَاءُ بَعْضٍ ۖ وَاللَّهُ وَلِيُّ الْمُتَّقِينَ  

{إنهم لن يغنوا} يدافعوا {عنك من الله} من عذابه {شيئاً وإن الظالمين} الكافرين {بعضهم أولياء بعض والله وليُّ المتقين}.
quran:45:20 –

This ˹Qur'an˺ is enlightenment for mankind and guidance and mercy for a people who are certain ˹in faith˺.  

This, Qur’ān, is ˹a set of˺ insights for mankind, guideposts with which they can discern ˹God’s˺ rulings and legal proscriptions, and guidance and mercy for a people who have certainty, with regard to the ˹truth of the˺ Resurrection.
القرآن:٤٥:٢٠ –

هَٰذَا بَصَائِرُ لِلنَّاسِ وَهُدًى وَرَحْمَةٌ لِقَوْمٍ يُوقِنُونَ  

{هذا} القرآن {بصائر للناس} معالم يتبصرون بها في الأحكام والحدود {وهدى ورحمة لقوم يوقنون} بالبعث.
quran:45:21 –

Or do those who commit evils think We will make them like those who have believed and done righteous deeds - ˹make them˺ equal in their life and their death? Evil is that which they judge.  

Or (am has the significance of the ˹rhetorical˺ hamza of denial) do those who have perpetrated evil acts, ˹such as˺ disbelief and disobedience, suppose that We shall treat them as those who believe and perform righteous deeds, equally (sawā’an is the predicate) in their life and in their death? (mahyāhum wamamātuhum, ˹this clause˺ constitutes the subject and a supplement; the sentence ˹itself˺ is a substitution for the kāf ˹of ka’lladhīna, ‘as those’˺, and both ˹suffixed˺ pronouns ˹-hum˺ refer to the disbelievers). The meaning is: do they suppose that in the Hereafter We will assign them ˹a˺ good ˹fate˺ like believers, ˹that they will enjoy˺ a life of plenty, one equal to their life in this world, as when they said to the believers: ‘Surely if we were to be resurrected, we will be given the same good things that you will be given!’ God, exalted be He, says, in accordance with His denial ˹implicit˺ in the ˹rhetorical interrogative˺ hamza: How evil is that judgement which they make! In other words, it will not be so, for in the Hereafter they will be ˹suffering˺ in the chastisement, in contrast to their lives in this world; the believers, on the other hand, will be ˹delighting˺ in the Reward in the Hereafter because of their righteous deeds in this world, such as ˹their observance of˺ prayers, ˹their˺ alms-giving, fasting and otherwise (the mā, ‘that … which’, relates to the verbal action, that is to say, ba’isa hukman hukmuhum hādhā, ‘awful as a judgement is this judgement of theirs’).
القرآن:٤٥:٢١ –

أَمْ حَسِبَ الَّذِينَ اجْتَرَحُوا السَّيِّئَاتِ أَنْ نَجْعَلَهُمْ كَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ سَوَاءً مَحْيَاهُمْ وَمَمَاتُهُمْ ۚ سَاءَ مَا يَحْكُمُونَ  

{أم} بمعنى همزة الإنكار {حسب الذين اجترحوا} اكتسبوا {السيئات} الكفر والمعاصي {أن نجعلهم كالذين آمنوا وعملوا الصالحات سواءً} خبر {محياهم ومماتهم} مبتدأ ومعطوف والجملة بدل من الكاف والضميران للكفار، المعنى: أحسبوا أن نجعلهم في الآخرة في خير كالمؤمنين في رغد من العيش مساو لعيشهم في الدنيا حيث قالوا للمؤمنين: لئن بعثنا لنُعطى من الخير مثل ما تعطون قال تعالى على وفق إنكاره بالهمزة: {ساءَ ما يحكمون} أي ليس الأمر كذلك فهم في الآخرة في العذاب على خلاف عيشهم في الدنيا والمؤمنون في الآخرة في الثواب بعملهم الصالحات في الدنيا من الصلاة والزكاة والصيام وغير ذلك، وما مصدرية، أي بئس حكماً حكمهم هذا.
quran:45:22 –

And Allah created the heavens and earth in truth and so that every soul may be recompensed for what it has earned, and they will not be wronged.  

And God created the heavens and, He created, the earth with the truth (bi’l-haqqi is semantically connected to khalaqa, ‘He created’), so that He may indicate His power and His Oneness, and so that every soul may be requited for what it has earned, in the way of acts of disobedience or obedience, and therefore the disbeliever cannot be equal to the believer, and they will not be wronged.
القرآن:٤٥:٢٢ –

وَخَلَقَ اللَّهُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ بِالْحَقِّ وَلِتُجْزَىٰ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ وَهُمْ لَا يُظْلَمُونَ  

{وخلق الله السماوات} خلق {والأرض بالحق} متعلق بخلق ليدل على قدرته ووحدانيته {ولتجزى كل نفس بما كسبت} من المعاصي والطاعات فلا يساوي الكافر المؤمن {وهم لا يظلمون}.
quran:45:23 –

Have you seen he who has taken as his god his ˹own˺ desire, and Allah has sent him astray due to knowledge and has set a seal upon his hearing and his heart and put over his vision a veil? So who will guide him after Allah? Then will you not be reminded?  

Have you then seen, inform Me ˹about˺, him who has taken as his god his ˹own˺ desire, ˹that is˺ whatever ˹new˺ stone he may desire after ˹having desired˺ some other stone, considering this ˹new one˺ to be better, and whom God has led astray knowingly, on His part, exalted be He, that is to say, knowing him to be of those who follow misguidance before he was created, and set a seal upon his hearing and his heart, so that he cannot hear guidance or understand it, and laid a covering, a darkness, over his sight?, so that he cannot perceive guidance (here one should understand as implied the second direct object of ˹the verb˺ a-ra’ayta, ‘have you seen’, namely: a-yahtadī, ‘can he find guidance?). So who will guide him after God?, that is to say, after His leading him astray? In other words, he will not find guidance. Will you not then remember?, ˹will you not then˺ be admonished? (tadhakkarūna: one of the two tā’ letters ˹of the original form tatadhakkarūna˺ has been assimilated with the dhāl).
القرآن:٤٥:٢٣ –

أَفَرَأَيْتَ مَنِ اتَّخَذَ إِلَٰهَهُ هَوَاهُ وَأَضَلَّهُ اللَّهُ عَلَىٰ عِلْمٍ وَخَتَمَ عَلَىٰ سَمْعِهِ وَقَلْبِهِ وَجَعَلَ عَلَىٰ بَصَرِهِ غِشَاوَةً فَمَنْ يَهْدِيهِ مِنْ بَعْدِ اللَّهِ ۚ أَفَلَا تَذَكَّرُونَ  

{أفرأيت} أخبرني {من اتخذ إلهه هواه} ما يهواه من حجر بعد حجر يراه أحسن {وأضله الله على علم} منه تعالى: أي عالما بأنه من أهل الضلاله قبل خلق {وختم على سمعه وقلبه} فلم يسمع الهدى ولم يعقله {وجعل على بصره غشاوة} ظلمة فلم يبصر الهدى، ويقدر هنا المفعول الثاني لرأيت أيهتدي {فمن يهديه من بعد الله} أي بعد إضلاله إياه، أي لا يهتدي {أفلا تذكرون} تتعظون، فيه إدغام إحدى التاءين في الذال.
quran:45:24 –

And they say, "There is not but our worldly life; we die and live, and nothing destroys us except time." And they have of that no knowledge; they are only assuming.  

And they, those who deny the Resurrection, say, ‘There is only, that is to say, ˹the only˺ life ˹is˺, our life, the one that is, in this world. We die and we live, that is to say, some die, while others are given life by ˹virtue of˺ being born, and nothing but time, that is, ˹nothing but˺ the passage of time, destroys us’. God, exalted be He, says: Of that, saying, they have no knowledge; they are only making conjectures.
القرآن:٤٥:٢٤ –

وَقَالُوا مَا هِيَ إِلَّا حَيَاتُنَا الدُّنْيَا نَمُوتُ وَنَحْيَا وَمَا يُهْلِكُنَا إِلَّا الدَّهْرُ ۚ وَمَا لَهُمْ بِذَٰلِكَ مِنْ عِلْمٍ ۖ إِنْ هُمْ إِلَّا يَظُنُّونَ  

{وقالوا} أي منكرو البعث {ما هي} أي الحياة {إلا حياتنا} التي في {الدنيا نموت ونحيا} أي يموت بعض ويحيا بعض بأن يولدوا {وما يهلكنا إلا الدهر} أي مرور الزمان، قال تعالى: {وما لهم بذلك} المقول {من علم إن} ما {هم إلا يظنون}.
quran:45:25 –

And when Our verses are recited to them as clear evidences, their argument is only that they say, "Bring ˹back˺ our forefathers, if you should be truthful."  

And when Our signs, of the Qur’ān, indicating Our power to resurrect, are recited to them, being clear signs, evident ˹signs˺ (bayyinātin, ‘clear signs’, is a circumstantial qualifier), their only argument is to say, ‘Bring us our fathers, alive, if you are being truthful’, ˹when you say˺ that we will be resurrected.
القرآن:٤٥:٢٥ –

وَإِذَا تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتُنَا بَيِّنَاتٍ مَا كَانَ حُجَّتَهُمْ إِلَّا أَنْ قَالُوا ائْتُوا بِآبَائِنَا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ  

{وإذا تتلى عليهم آياتنا} من القرآن الدالة على قدرتنا على البعث {بينات} واضحات حال {ما كان حجتهم إلا أن قالوا ائتوا بآياتنا} أحياء {إن كنتم صادقين} أنا نبعث.
quran:45:26 –

Say, "Allah causes you to live, then causes you to die; then He will assemble you for the Day of Resurrection, about which there is no doubt, but most of the people do not know."  

Say: ‘God ˹is the One Who˺ gives you life, when you are sperm-drops, then makes you die, then gathers you, alive, to the Day of Resurrection, in which there is no doubt; but most people, and these are the one who say the above-mentioned, do not know’.
القرآن:٤٥:٢٦ –

قُلِ اللَّهُ يُحْيِيكُمْ ثُمَّ يُمِيتُكُمْ ثُمَّ يَجْمَعُكُمْ إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهِ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ  

{قل الله يحييكم} حين كنتم نطفاً {ثم يميتكم ثم يجمعكم} أحياء {إلى يوم القيامة لا ريب} شلك {فيه ولكن أكثر الناس} وهم القائلون ما ذكر {لا يعلمون}.
quran:45:27 –

And to Allah belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth. And the Day the Hour appears - that Day the falsifiers will lose.  

And to God belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth. And on the day when the Hour sets in (yawma taqūmu’l-sā‘atu is substituted by ˹the following, yawma’idhin˺) on that day the followers of falsehood, the disbelievers, will be losers, that is to say, their loss will become manifest by their ending up in the Fire.
القرآن:٤٥:٢٧ –

وَلِلَّهِ مُلْكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۚ وَيَوْمَ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ يَوْمَئِذٍ يَخْسَرُ الْمُبْطِلُونَ  

{ولله ملك السماوات والأرض ويوم تقوم الساعة} يبدل منه {يومئذ يخسر المبطلون} الكافرون، أي يظهر خسرانهم بأن يصيروا إلى النار.
quran:45:28 –

And you will see every nation kneeling ˹from fear˺. Every nation will be called to its record ˹and told˺, "Today you will be recompensed for what you used to do.  

And you will see every community, that is, ˹all˺ members of a religion, crouching, on their knees — or ˹jāthiya means˺ ‘gathered together’. Every community will be summoned to its record, the record of its deeds and it will be said to them: ‘Today you will be requited for what you used to do, that is, ˹you will be given˺ the desert thereof.
القرآن:٤٥:٢٨ –

وَتَرَىٰ كُلَّ أُمَّةٍ جَاثِيَةً ۚ كُلُّ أُمَّةٍ تُدْعَىٰ إِلَىٰ كِتَابِهَا الْيَوْمَ تُجْزَوْنَ مَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ  

{وترى كل أمة} أي أهل دين {جاثية} على الركب أو مجتمعة {كل أمة تدعى إلى كتابها} كتاب أعمالها ويقال لهم: {اليوم تجزون ما كنتم تعملون} أي جزاءه.
quran:45:29 –

This, Our record, speaks about you in truth. Indeed, We were having transcribed whatever you used to do."  

This is Our book, the register of ˹deeds recorded by˺ the guardian angels, which pronounces against you with truth. Indeed We used to write down, record and preserve, what you used to do’.
القرآن:٤٥:٢٩ –

هَٰذَا كِتَابُنَا يَنْطِقُ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْحَقِّ ۚ إِنَّا كُنَّا نَسْتَنْسِخُ مَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ  

{هذا كتابنا} ديوان الحفظة {ينطق عليكم بالحق إنا كنا نستنسخ} نثبت ونحفظ {ما كنتم تعملون}.
quran:45:30 –

So as for those who believed and did righteous deeds, their Lord will admit them into His mercy. That is what is the clear attainment.  

So as for those who believed and performed righteous deeds, their Lord will admit them into His mercy, His Paradise. That is the manifest triumph, the clear and evident ˹triumph˺.
القرآن:٤٥:٣٠ –

فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ فَيُدْخِلُهُمْ رَبُّهُمْ فِي رَحْمَتِهِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ هُوَ الْفَوْزُ الْمُبِينُ  

{فأما الذين آمنوا وعملوا الصالحات فيدخلهم ربهم في رحمته} جنته {ذلك هو الفوز المبين} البين الظاهر.
quran:45:31 –

But as for those who disbelieved, ˹it will be said˺, "Were not Our verses recited to you, but you were arrogant and became a people of criminals?  

But as for those who disbelieved, it will be said to them: ‘Were not My signs, ˹was not˺ the Qur’ān, recited to you, but you were disdainful, you were arrogant, and were a guilty, a disbelieving, lot?
القرآن:٤٥:٣١ –

وَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَفَلَمْ تَكُنْ آيَاتِي تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْكُمْ فَاسْتَكْبَرْتُمْ وَكُنْتُمْ قَوْمًا مُجْرِمِينَ  

{وأما الذين كفروا} فيقال لهم: {أفلم تكن آياتي} القرآن {تتلى عليكم فاستكبرتم} تكبرتم {وكنتم قوماً مجرمين} كافرين.
quran:45:32 –

And when it was said, 'Indeed, the promise of Allah is truth and the Hour ˹is coming˺ - no doubt about it,' you said, 'We know not what is the Hour. We assume only assumption, and we are not convinced.' "  

And when it was said, to you, O disbelievers: “God’s promise, of resurrection, is indeed true, and there is no doubt about the Hour”, (read al-sā‘atu or al-sā‘ata) you said, “We do not know what the Hour is. We only make conjectures (al-Mubarrad said that this actually ˹means˺ in nahnu illā nazunnu zannan) and we are by no means certain” ’, that it will come to pass.
القرآن:٤٥:٣٢ –

وَإِذَا قِيلَ إِنَّ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ حَقٌّ وَالسَّاعَةُ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهَا قُلْتُمْ مَا نَدْرِي مَا السَّاعَةُ إِنْ نَظُنُّ إِلَّا ظَنًّا وَمَا نَحْنُ بِمُسْتَيْقِنِينَ  

{وإذا قيل} لكم أيها الكفار {إن وعد الله} بالبعث {حق والساعة} بالرفع والنصب {لا ريب} شك {فيها قلتم ما ندري ما الساعة إن} ما {نظن إلا ظنا} قال المبرد: أصله إن نحن إلا نظن ظنا {وما نحن بمستيقنين} أنها آتية.
quran:45:33 –

And the evil consequences of what they did will appear to them, and they will be enveloped by what they used to ridicule.  

And there will appear before them, in the Hereafter, the evils of what they did, in this world, that is to say, the requital thereof, and they will be besieged by, there shall befall ˹them˺, what they used to deride, namely, the chastisement ˹of the Hereafter˺.
القرآن:٤٥:٣٣ –

وَبَدَا لَهُمْ سَيِّئَاتُ مَا عَمِلُوا وَحَاقَ بِهِمْ مَا كَانُوا بِهِ يَسْتَهْزِئُونَ  

{وبدا} ظهر {لهم} في الآخرة {سيئات ما عملوا} في الدنيا، أي جزاؤها {وحاق} نزل {بهم ما كانوا به يستهزئون} أي العذاب.
quran:45:34 –

And it will be said, "Today We will forget you as you forgot the meeting of this Day of yours, and your refuge is the Fire, and for you there are no helpers.  

And it will be said: ‘Today We will forget you, We will abandon you in the Fire, just as you forgot the encounter of this day of yours, that is to say, ˹just as˺ you neglected to perform ˹those good˺ deeds ˹in preparation˺ for the encounter with it, and your abode will be the Fire, and you will not have any helpers, ˹any˺ protectors therefrom.
القرآن:٤٥:٣٤ –

وَقِيلَ الْيَوْمَ نَنْسَاكُمْ كَمَا نَسِيتُمْ لِقَاءَ يَوْمِكُمْ هَٰذَا وَمَأْوَاكُمُ النَّارُ وَمَا لَكُمْ مِنْ نَاصِرِينَ  

{وقيل اليوم ننساكم} نترككم في النار {كما نسيتم لقاء يومكم هذا} أي تركتم العمل للقائه {ومأواكم النار وما لكم من ناصرين} مانعين منه.
quran:45:35 –

That is because you took the verses of Allah in ridicule, and worldly life deluded you." So that Day they will not be removed from it, nor will they be asked to appease ˹Allah˺.  

That is because you took God’s signs, the Qur’ān, in mockery, and the life of this world deceived you’, to the extent that you said, ‘There is neither Resurrection nor Reckoning’. So today they will not be brought out (read either active yakhrujūna, ‘they will ˹not˺ come out’, or passive yukhrajūna, ‘they will ˹not˺ be brought out’) of it, of the Fire, nor will they asked to make amends: they will not be asked to ˹try to˺ attain the pleasure of their Lord by repenting or being obedient, for such ˹action˺ will be of no use then.
القرآن:٤٥:٣٥ –

ذَٰلِكُمْ بِأَنَّكُمُ اتَّخَذْتُمْ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ هُزُوًا وَغَرَّتْكُمُ الْحَيَاةُ الدُّنْيَا ۚ فَالْيَوْمَ لَا يُخْرَجُونَ مِنْهَا وَلَا هُمْ يُسْتَعْتَبُونَ  

{ذلكم بأنكم اتخذتم آيات الله} القرآن {هزواً وغرتكم الحياة الدنيا} حتى قلتم لا بعث ولا حساب {فاليوم لا يخرجون} بالبناء للفاعل وللمفعول {منها} من النار {ولا هم يستعتبون} لا يطلب منهم أن يرضوا ربهم بالتوبة والطاعة لأنها لا تنفع يومئذ.
quran:45:36 –

Then, to Allah belongs ˹all˺ praise - Lord of the heavens and Lord of the earth, Lord of the worlds.  

So to God belongs ˹all˺ praise, the attribution to Him of what is beautiful ˹in words˺ for fulfilling His promise regarding the deniers; Lord of the heavens and Lord of the earth, the Lord of the Worlds, the Creator of all that has been mentioned (‘ālam, ‘world’, denotes everything other than God; it is in the plural ˹‘ālamīn˺ because of the different types ˹of beings˺ in them; rabbi, ‘Lord’, ˹in the last clause˺ is a substitution ˹for the previous ones˺).
القرآن:٤٥:٣٦ –

فَلِلَّهِ الْحَمْدُ رَبِّ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَرَبِّ الْأَرْضِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ  

{فلله الحمد} الوصف بالجميل على وفاء وعده في المكذبين {رب السماوات ورب الأرض رب العالمين} خالق ما ذكر، والعالم ما سوى الله وجمع لاختلاف أنواعه، ورب بدل.
quran:45:37 –

And to Him belongs ˹all˺ grandeur within the heavens and the earth, and He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.  

And to Him belongs ˹all˺ grandeur, ˹all˺ majesty, in the heavens and the earth (fī’l-samāwāti wa’l-ardi is a circumstantial qualifier), and He is the Mighty, the Wise — as ˹explained in a similar statement˺ above. Meccan, except for verses 10,15 and 35, which are Medinese; it consists of 34 or 35 verses.
القرآن:٤٥:٣٧ –

وَلَهُ الْكِبْرِيَاءُ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۖ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ  

{وله الكبرياء} العظمة {في السماوات والأرض} حال، أي كائنة فيهما {وهو العزيز الحكيم} تقدم.