45. Sūrat al-Jāthiyah

٤٥۔ سُورَةُ الجاثِية

45.5 God's address to the disbelievers on the Day of Judgment.

٤٥۔٥ مقطع في سُورَةُ الجاثِية

quran:45:27

And to Allah belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth. And the Day the Hour appears - that Day the falsifiers will lose.  

And to God belongs the kingdom of the heavens and the earth. And on the day when the Hour sets in (yawma taqūmu’l-sā‘atu is substituted by ˹the following, yawma’idhin˺) on that day the followers of falsehood, the disbelievers, will be losers, that is to say, their loss will become manifest by their ending up in the Fire.
القرآن:٤٥:٢٧

وَلِلَّهِ مُلْكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۚ وَيَوْمَ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ يَوْمَئِذٍ يَخْسَرُ الْمُبْطِلُونَ  

{ولله ملك السماوات والأرض ويوم تقوم الساعة} يبدل منه {يومئذ يخسر المبطلون} الكافرون، أي يظهر خسرانهم بأن يصيروا إلى النار.
quran:45:28

And you will see every nation kneeling ˹from fear˺. Every nation will be called to its record ˹and told˺, "Today you will be recompensed for what you used to do.  

And you will see every community, that is, ˹all˺ members of a religion, crouching, on their knees — or ˹jāthiya means˺ ‘gathered together’. Every community will be summoned to its record, the record of its deeds and it will be said to them: ‘Today you will be requited for what you used to do, that is, ˹you will be given˺ the desert thereof.
القرآن:٤٥:٢٨

وَتَرَىٰ كُلَّ أُمَّةٍ جَاثِيَةً ۚ كُلُّ أُمَّةٍ تُدْعَىٰ إِلَىٰ كِتَابِهَا الْيَوْمَ تُجْزَوْنَ مَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ  

{وترى كل أمة} أي أهل دين {جاثية} على الركب أو مجتمعة {كل أمة تدعى إلى كتابها} كتاب أعمالها ويقال لهم: {اليوم تجزون ما كنتم تعملون} أي جزاءه.
quran:45:29

This, Our record, speaks about you in truth. Indeed, We were having transcribed whatever you used to do."  

This is Our book, the register of ˹deeds recorded by˺ the guardian angels, which pronounces against you with truth. Indeed We used to write down, record and preserve, what you used to do’.
القرآن:٤٥:٢٩

هَٰذَا كِتَابُنَا يَنْطِقُ عَلَيْكُمْ بِالْحَقِّ ۚ إِنَّا كُنَّا نَسْتَنْسِخُ مَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ  

{هذا كتابنا} ديوان الحفظة {ينطق عليكم بالحق إنا كنا نستنسخ} نثبت ونحفظ {ما كنتم تعملون}.
quran:45:30

So as for those who believed and did righteous deeds, their Lord will admit them into His mercy. That is what is the clear attainment.  

So as for those who believed and performed righteous deeds, their Lord will admit them into His mercy, His Paradise. That is the manifest triumph, the clear and evident ˹triumph˺.
القرآن:٤٥:٣٠

فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ فَيُدْخِلُهُمْ رَبُّهُمْ فِي رَحْمَتِهِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ هُوَ الْفَوْزُ الْمُبِينُ  

{فأما الذين آمنوا وعملوا الصالحات فيدخلهم ربهم في رحمته} جنته {ذلك هو الفوز المبين} البين الظاهر.
quran:45:31

But as for those who disbelieved, ˹it will be said˺, "Were not Our verses recited to you, but you were arrogant and became a people of criminals?  

But as for those who disbelieved, it will be said to them: ‘Were not My signs, ˹was not˺ the Qur’ān, recited to you, but you were disdainful, you were arrogant, and were a guilty, a disbelieving, lot?
القرآن:٤٥:٣١

وَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَفَلَمْ تَكُنْ آيَاتِي تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْكُمْ فَاسْتَكْبَرْتُمْ وَكُنْتُمْ قَوْمًا مُجْرِمِينَ  

{وأما الذين كفروا} فيقال لهم: {أفلم تكن آياتي} القرآن {تتلى عليكم فاستكبرتم} تكبرتم {وكنتم قوماً مجرمين} كافرين.
quran:45:32

And when it was said, 'Indeed, the promise of Allah is truth and the Hour ˹is coming˺ - no doubt about it,' you said, 'We know not what is the Hour. We assume only assumption, and we are not convinced.' "  

And when it was said, to you, O disbelievers: “God’s promise, of resurrection, is indeed true, and there is no doubt about the Hour”, (read al-sā‘atu or al-sā‘ata) you said, “We do not know what the Hour is. We only make conjectures (al-Mubarrad said that this actually ˹means˺ in nahnu illā nazunnu zannan) and we are by no means certain” ’, that it will come to pass.
القرآن:٤٥:٣٢

وَإِذَا قِيلَ إِنَّ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ حَقٌّ وَالسَّاعَةُ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهَا قُلْتُمْ مَا نَدْرِي مَا السَّاعَةُ إِنْ نَظُنُّ إِلَّا ظَنًّا وَمَا نَحْنُ بِمُسْتَيْقِنِينَ  

{وإذا قيل} لكم أيها الكفار {إن وعد الله} بالبعث {حق والساعة} بالرفع والنصب {لا ريب} شك {فيها قلتم ما ندري ما الساعة إن} ما {نظن إلا ظنا} قال المبرد: أصله إن نحن إلا نظن ظنا {وما نحن بمستيقنين} أنها آتية.
quran:45:33

And the evil consequences of what they did will appear to them, and they will be enveloped by what they used to ridicule.  

And there will appear before them, in the Hereafter, the evils of what they did, in this world, that is to say, the requital thereof, and they will be besieged by, there shall befall ˹them˺, what they used to deride, namely, the chastisement ˹of the Hereafter˺.
القرآن:٤٥:٣٣

وَبَدَا لَهُمْ سَيِّئَاتُ مَا عَمِلُوا وَحَاقَ بِهِمْ مَا كَانُوا بِهِ يَسْتَهْزِئُونَ  

{وبدا} ظهر {لهم} في الآخرة {سيئات ما عملوا} في الدنيا، أي جزاؤها {وحاق} نزل {بهم ما كانوا به يستهزئون} أي العذاب.
quran:45:34

And it will be said, "Today We will forget you as you forgot the meeting of this Day of yours, and your refuge is the Fire, and for you there are no helpers.  

And it will be said: ‘Today We will forget you, We will abandon you in the Fire, just as you forgot the encounter of this day of yours, that is to say, ˹just as˺ you neglected to perform ˹those good˺ deeds ˹in preparation˺ for the encounter with it, and your abode will be the Fire, and you will not have any helpers, ˹any˺ protectors therefrom.
القرآن:٤٥:٣٤

وَقِيلَ الْيَوْمَ نَنْسَاكُمْ كَمَا نَسِيتُمْ لِقَاءَ يَوْمِكُمْ هَٰذَا وَمَأْوَاكُمُ النَّارُ وَمَا لَكُمْ مِنْ نَاصِرِينَ  

{وقيل اليوم ننساكم} نترككم في النار {كما نسيتم لقاء يومكم هذا} أي تركتم العمل للقائه {ومأواكم النار وما لكم من ناصرين} مانعين منه.
quran:45:35

That is because you took the verses of Allah in ridicule, and worldly life deluded you." So that Day they will not be removed from it, nor will they be asked to appease ˹Allah˺.  

That is because you took God’s signs, the Qur’ān, in mockery, and the life of this world deceived you’, to the extent that you said, ‘There is neither Resurrection nor Reckoning’. So today they will not be brought out (read either active yakhrujūna, ‘they will ˹not˺ come out’, or passive yukhrajūna, ‘they will ˹not˺ be brought out’) of it, of the Fire, nor will they asked to make amends: they will not be asked to ˹try to˺ attain the pleasure of their Lord by repenting or being obedient, for such ˹action˺ will be of no use then.
القرآن:٤٥:٣٥

ذَٰلِكُمْ بِأَنَّكُمُ اتَّخَذْتُمْ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ هُزُوًا وَغَرَّتْكُمُ الْحَيَاةُ الدُّنْيَا ۚ فَالْيَوْمَ لَا يُخْرَجُونَ مِنْهَا وَلَا هُمْ يُسْتَعْتَبُونَ  

{ذلكم بأنكم اتخذتم آيات الله} القرآن {هزواً وغرتكم الحياة الدنيا} حتى قلتم لا بعث ولا حساب {فاليوم لا يخرجون} بالبناء للفاعل وللمفعول {منها} من النار {ولا هم يستعتبون} لا يطلب منهم أن يرضوا ربهم بالتوبة والطاعة لأنها لا تنفع يومئذ.
quran:45:36

Then, to Allah belongs ˹all˺ praise - Lord of the heavens and Lord of the earth, Lord of the worlds.  

So to God belongs ˹all˺ praise, the attribution to Him of what is beautiful ˹in words˺ for fulfilling His promise regarding the deniers; Lord of the heavens and Lord of the earth, the Lord of the Worlds, the Creator of all that has been mentioned (‘ālam, ‘world’, denotes everything other than God; it is in the plural ˹‘ālamīn˺ because of the different types ˹of beings˺ in them; rabbi, ‘Lord’, ˹in the last clause˺ is a substitution ˹for the previous ones˺).
القرآن:٤٥:٣٦

فَلِلَّهِ الْحَمْدُ رَبِّ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَرَبِّ الْأَرْضِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ  

{فلله الحمد} الوصف بالجميل على وفاء وعده في المكذبين {رب السماوات ورب الأرض رب العالمين} خالق ما ذكر، والعالم ما سوى الله وجمع لاختلاف أنواعه، ورب بدل.
quran:45:37

And to Him belongs ˹all˺ grandeur within the heavens and the earth, and He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.  

And to Him belongs ˹all˺ grandeur, ˹all˺ majesty, in the heavens and the earth (fī’l-samāwāti wa’l-ardi is a circumstantial qualifier), and He is the Mighty, the Wise — as ˹explained in a similar statement˺ above. Meccan, except for verses 10,15 and 35, which are Medinese; it consists of 34 or 35 verses.
القرآن:٤٥:٣٧

وَلَهُ الْكِبْرِيَاءُ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۖ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ  

{وله الكبرياء} العظمة {في السماوات والأرض} حال، أي كائنة فيهما {وهو العزيز الحكيم} تقدم.