45. Sūrat al-Jāthiyah

٤٥۔ سُورَةُ الجاثِية

Qurʾān > Chapter 45 > Section 1
القرآن > كتاب ٤٥ > باب ١

45.1 Food for thought to those who are seeking the signs of God. If they do not believe in God and His revelations, then in what statement will they believe?

٤٥۔١ مقطع في سُورَةُ الجاثِية

quran:45:1 – In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

Ha, Meem.  

Hā mīm: God knows best what He means by these ˹letters˺.
القرآن:٤٥:١ – بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

حم  

{حم} الله أعلم بمراده به.
quran:45:2 –

The revelation of the Book is from Allah, the Exalted in Might, the Wise.  

The revelation of the Book, the Qur’ān (tanzīlu’l-kitābi, the subject) is from God (mina’Llāhi, the predicate thereof) the Mighty, in His kingdom, the Wise, in His actions.
القرآن:٤٥:٢ –

تَنْزِيلُ الْكِتَابِ مِنَ اللَّهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْحَكِيمِ  

{تنزيل الكتاب} القرآن مبتدأ {من الله} خبره {العزيز} في مُلكه {الحكيم} في صنعه.
quran:45:3 –

Indeed, within the heavens and earth are signs for the believers.  

Truly in the heavens and the earth, that is to say, in their creation, there are signs, indicating the power of God and His Oneness, exalted be He, for believers.
القرآن:٤٥:٣ –

إِنَّ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ لَآيَاتٍ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ  

{إن في السماوات والأرض} أي في خلقهما {لآيات} دالة على قدرة الله ووحدانيته تعالى {للمؤمنين}.
quran:45:4 –

And in the creation of yourselves and what He disperses of moving creatures are signs for people who are certain ˹in faith˺.  

And in your creation, that is to say, and in the creation of every one of you from a sperm-drop, then a blood clot, then an embryo until it becomes a human being; and, ˹in˺ the creation of, what He has scattered, ˹what˺ He has dispersed throughout the earth, of animals — ˹dābba denotes˺ whatever treads on (yadubbu) the earth of ˹both˺ human beings and other ˹animals˺ — there are signs for a people who are certain, of the Resurrection;
القرآن:٤٥:٤ –

وَفِي خَلْقِكُمْ وَمَا يَبُثُّ مِنْ دَابَّةٍ آيَاتٌ لِقَوْمٍ يُوقِنُونَ  

{وفي خلقكم} أي في خلق كل منكم من نطفة ثم علقة ثم مضغة إلى أن صار إنساناً {و} خلق {ما يبث} يفرق في الأرض {من دابة} هي ما يدب على الأرض من الناس وغيرهم {آيات لقوم يوقنون} بالبعث.
quran:45:5 –

And ˹in˺ the alternation of night and day and ˹in˺ what Allah sends down from the sky of provision and gives life thereby to the earth after its lifelessness and ˹in His˺ directing of the winds are signs for a people who reason.  

and, in, the alternation of night and day, their passing and their arrival, and what God sends down from the heaven ˹in the way˺ of provision, rain, for it constitutes a means of provision, with which He revives the earth after it is dead, and the circulation of the winds, its alternation between southerly and northerly, hot and cold, there are signs for a people who understand, proofs and therefore have faith.
القرآن:٤٥:٥ –

وَاخْتِلَافِ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ وَمَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مِنْ رِزْقٍ فَأَحْيَا بِهِ الْأَرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا وَتَصْرِيفِ الرِّيَاحِ آيَاتٌ لِقَوْمٍ يَعْقِلُونَ  

{و} في {اختلاف الليل والنهار} ذهابهما ومجيئهما {وما أنزل الله من السماء من رزق} مطر لأنه سبب الرزق {فأحيا به الأرض بعد موتها وتصريف الريح} تقليبها مرة جنوباً ومرة شمالاً وباردة وحارة {آيات لقوم يعقلون} الدليل فيؤمنون.
quran:45:6 –

These are the verses of Allah which We recite to you in truth. Then in what statement after Allah and His verses will they believe?  

These, mentioned signs, are the signs of God, the proofs of His that indicate His Oneness, which We recite, relate, to you with truth (bi’l-haqqi is semantically connected to natlū, ‘We recite’). So in what ˹kind of˺ discourse then, after God, that is to say, ˹after˺ His discourse, namely, the Qur’ān, and His signs, His definitive arguments, will they, that is, the disbelievers of Mecca, believe? In other words: they will not believe ˹in anything˺ (a variant reading ˹for yu’minūna, ‘they believe’˺ has tu’minūna, ‘you believe’).
القرآن:٤٥:٦ –

تِلْكَ آيَاتُ اللَّهِ نَتْلُوهَا عَلَيْكَ بِالْحَقِّ ۖ فَبِأَيِّ حَدِيثٍ بَعْدَ اللَّهِ وَآيَاتِهِ يُؤْمِنُونَ  

{تلك} الآيات المذكورة {آيات الله} حججه الدالة على وحدانيته {نتلوها} نقصها {عليك بالحق} متعلق بنتلو {فبأي حديث بعد الله} أي حديثه وهو القرآن {وآياته} حججه {يؤمنون} أي كفار مكة، أي لا يؤمنون، وفي قراءة بالتاء.
quran:45:7 –

Woe to every sinful liar  

Woe (waylun is an expression implying chastisement) to every sinful liar,
القرآن:٤٥:٧ –

وَيْلٌ لِكُلِّ أَفَّاكٍ أَثِيمٍ  

{ويل} كلمة عذاب {لكل أفاك} كذاب {أثيم} كثير الإثم.
quran:45:8 –

Who hears the verses of Allah recited to him, then persists arrogantly as if he had not heard them. So give him tidings of a painful punishment.  

who hears the signs of God, the Qur’ān, being recited to him, then persists, in his disbelief, arrogantly, disdainful of faith, as if he had not heard them. So give him tidings of a painful chastisement.
القرآن:٤٥:٨ –

يَسْمَعُ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ يُصِرُّ مُسْتَكْبِرًا كَأَنْ لَمْ يَسْمَعْهَا ۖ فَبَشِّرْهُ بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ  

{يسمع آيات الله} القرآن {تتلى عليه ثم يصر} على كفره {مستكبراً} متكبراً عن الإيمان {كأن لم يسمعها فبشره بعذاب أليم} مؤلم.
quran:45:9 –

And when he knows anything of Our verses, he takes them in ridicule. Those will have a humiliating punishment.  

And should he come to know anything of Our signs, namely, the Qur’ān, he takes them in mockery. For such, liars — there is a degrading chastisement.
القرآن:٤٥:٩ –

وَإِذَا عَلِمَ مِنْ آيَاتِنَا شَيْئًا اتَّخَذَهَا هُزُوًا ۚ أُولَٰئِكَ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ مُهِينٌ  

{وإذا علم من آياتنا} أي القرآن {شيئاً اتخذها هزواً} أي مهزوءاً بها {أولئك} أي الأفاكون {لهم عذاب مهين} ذو إهانة.
quran:45:10 –

Before them is Hell, and what they had earned will not avail them at all nor what they had taken besides Allah as allies. And they will have a great punishment.  

Beyond them, that is to say, ahead of them — because they are ˹still˺ in this world — is Hell, and that which they have earned, of wealth and deeds, will not avail them in any way, nor those whom they took besides God, that is, idols, as patrons. And for them there will be a great chastisement.
القرآن:٤٥:١٠ –

مِنْ وَرَائِهِمْ جَهَنَّمُ ۖ وَلَا يُغْنِي عَنْهُمْ مَا كَسَبُوا شَيْئًا وَلَا مَا اتَّخَذُوا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ أَوْلِيَاءَ ۖ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ  

{من ورائهم} أي أمامهم لأنهم في الدنيا {جهنم ولا يغني عنهم ما كسبوا} من المال والفعال {شيئاً ولا ما اتخذوا من دون الله} أي الأصنام {أولياء ولهم عذاب عظيم}.
quran:45:11 –

This ˹Qur'an˺ is guidance. And those who have disbelieved in the verses of their Lord will have a painful punishment of foul nature.  

This, that is, the Qur’ān, is a guidance, from error; and those who disbelieve in the signs of their Lord, for them there will be a torture, a lot, of a painful, an excruciating, chastisement.
القرآن:٤٥:١١ –

هَٰذَا هُدًى ۖ وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِآيَاتِ رَبِّهِمْ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ مِنْ رِجْزٍ أَلِيمٌ  

{هذا} أي القرآن {هدى} من الضلالة {والذين كفروا بآيات ربهم لهم عذاب} حظ {من رجز} أي عذاب {أليم} موجع.