11. Sūrat Hūd

١١۔ سُورَةُ هُود

11.16 Fate of Pharaoh and his chiefs who were warned but they gave no heed.

١١۔١٦ مقطع في سُورَةُ هُود

quran:11:96

And We did certainly send Moses with Our signs and a clear authority  

And verily We sent Moses with Our signs and a clear warrant, a manifest and evident proof,
القرآن:١١:٩٦

وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا مُوسَىٰ بِآيَاتِنَا وَسُلْطَانٍ مُبِينٍ  

{ولقد أرسلنا موسى بآياتنا وسلطان مبين} برهان بيّن ظاهر.
quran:11:97

To Pharaoh and his establishment, but they followed the command of Pharaoh, and the command of Pharaoh was not ˹at all˺ discerning.  

to Pharaoh and his council; but they followed Pharaoh’s command, and Pharaoh’s command was not rightguided, appropriate.
القرآن:١١:٩٧

إِلَىٰ فِرْعَوْنَ وَمَلَئِهِ فَاتَّبَعُوا أَمْرَ فِرْعَوْنَ ۖ وَمَا أَمْرُ فِرْعَوْنَ بِرَشِيدٍ  

{إلى فرعون وَمَلئِهِ فاتبعوا أمر فرعون وما أمرُ فرعون برشيد} سديد.
quran:11:98

He will precede his people on the Day of Resurrection and lead them into the Fire; and wretched is the place to which they are led.  

He will go before his people on the Day of Resurrection, and they will follow him, as they did in this world, and he will lead them, he will admit them, to the Fire — an evil place, it is, for those entering it!
القرآن:١١:٩٨

يَقْدُمُ قَوْمَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَأَوْرَدَهُمُ النَّارَ ۖ وَبِئْسَ الْوِرْدُ الْمَوْرُودُ  

{يقدم} يتقدم {قومه يوم القيامة} فيتبعونه كما اتبعوه في الدنيا {فأوردهم} أدخلهم {النار وبئس الوِرْدُ المورودُ} هي.
quran:11:99

And they were followed in this ˹world˺ with a curse and on the Day of Resurrection. And wretched is the gift which is given.  

And a curse was made to follow them in this ˹world˺, as well as, a curse, on the Day of Resurrection — evil is the assistance offered!, in their case.
القرآن:١١:٩٩

وَأُتْبِعُوا فِي هَٰذِهِ لَعْنَةً وَيَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ ۚ بِئْسَ الرِّفْدُ الْمَرْفُودُ  

{وأتبعوا في هذه} أي الدنيا {لعنةّ ويوم القيامة} لعنة {بئس الرِّفد} العون {المرفود} رفدهم.
quran:11:100

That is from the news of the cities, which We relate to you; of them, some are ˹still˺ standing and some are ˹as˺ a harvest ˹mowed down˺.  

That, which is mentioned (dhālika is the subject, the predicate of which ˹follows˺), is ˹something˺ of the tidings of the towns, which We relate to you, O Muhammad (s). Some of them, that is, ˹of˺ the towns, are standing, only its inhabitants having been destroyed, and some, of them, have been cut down, destroyed together with its inhabitants, such that there are no vestiges thereof, much like crops harvested with sickles.
القرآن:١١:١٠٠

ذَٰلِكَ مِنْ أَنْبَاءِ الْقُرَىٰ نَقُصُّهُ عَلَيْكَ ۖ مِنْهَا قَائِمٌ وَحَصِيدٌ  

{ذلك} المذكور مبتدأ خبره {من أنباء القرى نقصّه عليك} يا محمد {منها} أي القرى {قائم} هلك أهله دونه {و} منها {حصيد} هلك بأهله فلا أثر له كالزرع المحصود بالمناجل.
quran:11:101

And We did not wrong them, but they wronged themselves. And they were not availed at all by their gods which they invoked other than Allah when there came the command of your Lord. And they did not increase them in other than ruin.  

And We did not wrong them, destroying them for not having committed any sins, but they wronged themselves, through idolatry. Their gods did not avail, defend, them in any way (min shay’in: min is extra), those ˹gods˺ upon whom they called, ˹whom˺ they worshipped, besides God, that is, other than Him, when the command of your Lord, His chastisement, came; and they ˹their gods˺ — through their ˹the disbelievers’˺ worship of these ˹gods˺, did not increase them in anything but ruin, ˹but˺ loss.
القرآن:١١:١٠١

وَمَا ظَلَمْنَاهُمْ وَلَٰكِنْ ظَلَمُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ ۖ فَمَا أَغْنَتْ عَنْهُمْ آلِهَتُهُمُ الَّتِي يَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ مِنْ شَيْءٍ لَمَّا جَاءَ أَمْرُ رَبِّكَ ۖ وَمَا زَادُوهُمْ غَيْرَ تَتْبِيبٍ  

{وما ظلمناهم} بإهلاكهم بغير ذنب {ولكن ظلموا أنفسهم} بالشرك {فما أغنت} دفعت {عنهم آلهتهم التي يدعون} يعبدون {من دون الله} أي غيره {من} زائدة {شيء لما جاء أمر ربك} عذابه {وما زادوهم} بعبادتهم لها {غير تتبيب} تخسير.
quran:11:102

And thus is the seizure of your Lord when He seizes the cities while they are committing wrong. Indeed, His seizure is painful and severe.  

Such, like that seizing, is the seizing of your Lord when He seizes the towns, meaning its inhabitants, while they are doing wrong, by way of sins: in other words, nothing can avail them in any way when He seizes them. Truly His seizing is painful, severe. The two Shaykhs ˹Bukhārī and Muslim˺ reported ˹by way of an isnād˺ from Abū Mūsā al-Ash‘arī that he said, ‘The Prophet (s) said, “God gives ˹extended˺ respite to the evildoer, but when He seizes him there is no escape for him”, whereupon the Prophet (s) recited the verse: Such is the seizing of your Lord ˹Q. 11:102, above˺’.
القرآن:١١:١٠٢

وَكَذَٰلِكَ أَخْذُ رَبِّكَ إِذَا أَخَذَ الْقُرَىٰ وَهِيَ ظَالِمَةٌ ۚ إِنَّ أَخْذَهُ أَلِيمٌ شَدِيدٌ  

{وكذلك} مثل ذلك الأخذ {أخذ ربك إذا أخذ القرى} أريد أهلها {وهي ظالمة} بالذنوب: أي فلا يغني عنهم من أخذه شيء {إن أخذه أليم شديد} روى الشيخان عن أبي موسى الأشعري قال: قال رسول الله ﷺ (إن الله ليملي للظالم حتى إذا أخذه لم يفلته)، ثم قرأ رسول الله ﷺ (وكذلك أخذ ربك) الآية.
quran:11:103

Indeed in that is a sign for those who fear the punishment of the Hereafter. That is a Day for which the people will be collected, and that is a Day ˹which will be˺ witnessed.  

There is indeed in that, which is mentioned of stories, a sign, a lesson, for him who fears the chastisement of the Hereafter: that, in other words, the Day of Resurrection, is a day to which, on which, mankind will be gathered, and that is a day witnessed, witnessed by all creatures.
القرآن:١١:١٠٣

إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَةً لِمَنْ خَافَ عَذَابَ الْآخِرَةِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ يَوْمٌ مَجْمُوعٌ لَهُ النَّاسُ وَذَٰلِكَ يَوْمٌ مَشْهُودٌ  

{إن في ذلك} المذكور من القصص {لآية} لعبرة {لمن خاف عذاب الآخرة ذلك} أي يوم القيامة {يوم مجموع له} فيه {الناس وذلك يوم مشهود} يشهده جميع الخلائق.
quran:11:104

And We do not delay it except for a limited term.  

And We do not defer it but to a term ˹already˺ reckoned, ˹but˺ to a time predetermined by God.
القرآن:١١:١٠٤

وَمَا نُؤَخِّرُهُ إِلَّا لِأَجَلٍ مَعْدُودٍ  

{وما نؤخره إلا لأجل معدود} لوقت معلوم عند الله.
quran:11:105

The Day it comes no soul will speak except by His permission. And among them will be the wretched and the prosperous.  

The day it, that day, comes, no soul shall speak (takallamu: one of the tā’ letters ˹of tatakallamu˺ has been omitted) except by His permission, exalted be He. Some of them, that is, ˹some˺ creatures, will be wretched, and ˹some˺, of them, joyous, each having been determined ˹to be thus˺ from pre-eternity.
القرآن:١١:١٠٥

يَوْمَ يَأْتِ لَا تَكَلَّمُ نَفْسٌ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ ۚ فَمِنْهُمْ شَقِيٌّ وَسَعِيدٌ  

{يوم يأت} ذلك اليوم {لا تكلم} فيه حذف إحدى التاءين {نفس إلا بإذنه} تعالى {فمنهم} أي الخلق {شقي و} منهم {سعيد} كتب كل في الأزل.
quran:11:106

As for those who were ˹destined to be˺ wretched, they will be in the Fire. For them therein is ˹violent˺ exhaling and inhaling.  

As for those who are damned, according to God’s ˹prior˺ knowledge, they will be in the Fire; their lot therein will be wailing, which is a loud sound, and sighing, which is a faint sound;
القرآن:١١:١٠٦

فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ شَقُوا فَفِي النَّارِ لَهُمْ فِيهَا زَفِيرٌ وَشَهِيقٌ  

{فأما الذين شقوا} في علمه تعالى {ففي النار لهم فيها زفير} صوت شديد {وشهيق} صوت ضعيف.
quran:11:107

˹They will be˺ abiding therein as long as the heavens and the earth endure, except what your Lord should will. Indeed, your Lord is an effecter of what He intends.  

abiding therein for as long as the heavens and the earth endure, that is, ˹for˺ the length of the duration of both in this world, except, other than, what your Lord may will, in the way of adding to the duration of these two, such that it ˹their abiding˺ becomes indefinite: meaning that they will abide therein forever. Truly your Lord is Doer of what He desires.
القرآن:١١:١٠٧

خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا مَا دَامَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ إِلَّا مَا شَاءَ رَبُّكَ ۚ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ فَعَّالٌ لِمَا يُرِيدُ  

{خالدين فيها ما دامت السماوات والأرض} أي مدة دوامهما في الدنيا {إلا} غير {ما شاء ربك} من الزيادة على مدتهما مما لا منتهى له والمعنى خالدين فيها أبدا {إن ربك فعال لما يريد}.
quran:11:108

And as for those who were ˹destined to be˺ prosperous, they will be in Paradise, abiding therein as long as the heavens and the earth endure, except what your Lord should will - a bestowal uninterrupted.  

And as for those who are fortunate (read sa‘idū or su‘idū) they shall be in Paradise, abiding therein for as long as the heavens and the earth endure except, other than, what your Lord may will — as mentioned already ˹of increasing the duration˺, which in their case is indicated by His words, an endless bounty, ˹one not˺ to be cut off. The interpretation given above seems to be the clear and obvious one, devoid of affectation, but God knows best what it means.
القرآن:١١:١٠٨

وَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ سُعِدُوا فَفِي الْجَنَّةِ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا مَا دَامَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ إِلَّا مَا شَاءَ رَبُّكَ ۖ عَطَاءً غَيْرَ مَجْذُوذٍ  

{وأما الذين سَُعدوا} بفتح السين وضمها {ففي الجنة خالدين فيها ما دامت السماوات والأرض إلا} غير {ما شاء ربك} كما تقدم، ودل عليه فيهم قوله {عطاءً غير مجذوذ} مقطوع وما تقدم من التأويل هو الذي ظهر وهو خال من التكلف والله أعلم بمراده.
quran:11:109

So do not be in doubt, ˹O Muhammad˺, as to what these ˹polytheists˺ are worshipping. They worship not except as their fathers worshipped before. And indeed, We will give them their share undiminished.  

So do not be, O Muhammad (s), in doubt, in uncertainty, concerning what these ˹folk˺ worship, of idols: We will indeed chastise them as We did those before them — this is intended as solace for the Prophet (s). They worship only as their fathers worshipped — that is, in the same way — before, and indeed We chastised them; and We shall surely pay them, like those ˹fathers of theirs˺, their whole due, their portion of the chastisement, undiminished, that is, in full.
القرآن:١١:١٠٩

فَلَا تَكُ فِي مِرْيَةٍ مِمَّا يَعْبُدُ هَٰؤُلَاءِ ۚ مَا يَعْبُدُونَ إِلَّا كَمَا يَعْبُدُ آبَاؤُهُمْ مِنْ قَبْلُ ۚ وَإِنَّا لَمُوَفُّوهُمْ نَصِيبَهُمْ غَيْرَ مَنْقُوصٍ  

{فلا تَكُ} يا محمد {في مرية} شك {مما يعبد هؤلاء} من الأصنام إنا نعذبهم كما عذبنا من قبلهم وهذا تسلية للنبي ﷺ {ما يعبدون إلا كما يعبد آباؤهم} أي كعبادتهم {من قبل} وقد عذبناهم {وإنا لموفوهم} مثلهم {نصيبهم} حظهم من العذاب {غير منقوص} أي تاما.