42. Annulment and Divorce
٤٢۔ كِتَابُ الْخُلْعِ وَالطَّلَاقِ
[Machine] Her husband divorces her three times and all of them said that she is not permissible for him until she marries someone else. Abu Dawood narrated it from Malik from Yahya ibn Sa'id from Bukair ibn al-Ashajj from Muawiyah ibn Abi Ayyash that he witnessed this story.
الْبِكْرِ يُطَلِّقُهَا زَوْجُهَا ثَلَاثًا فَكُلُّهُمْ قَالُوا لَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجًا غَيْرَهُ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَرَوَاهُ مَالِكٌ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ بُكَيْرِ بْنِ الْأَشَجِّ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ أَبِي عَيَّاشٍ أَنَّهُ شَهِدَ هَذِهِ الْقِصَّةَ
[Machine] He divorced his wife three times before consummating the marriage with her. What do you think they should do? Ibn Zubayr said, "This is a matter that we have no say in. Go to Ibn Abbas and Abu Hurayrah and ask them. I left them with Aisha, so ask them then come back and inform us." So he went and asked them. Ibn Abbas said to Abu Hurayrah, "Advise him, O Abu Hurayrah, for he has come to you with a difficult situation." Abu Hurayrah said, "The first divorce clarifies the situation and the third divorce prohibits it." Ibn Abbas replied, "Exactly the same thing until you marry someone else." And Abu al-Husayn ibn al-Fadl al-Qattan from Baghdad narrated to us that Abu Sahl ibn Ziyad al-Qattan narrated to us that Ismail ibn Ishaq narrated to us that Sulayman ibn Harb narrated to us that Hammad ibn Zaid narrated to us from Yahya ibn Said who narrated from Bukayr ibn Abdullah that he came to Asim ibn Umar and Ibn Zubayr with a Bedouin who had divorced his wife three times before consummating the marriage with her. He mentioned the meaning of the hadith of Malik and added, "Aisha also followed them." This is what is famous from Abdullah ibn Abbas, and we have narrated it regarding the issue of triple divorce from Umar ibn Khattab, Ali ibn Abi Talib, Abdullah ibn Masood, and Anas ibn Malik.
طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ ثَلَاثًا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا فَمَاذَا تَرَيَانِ؟ فَقَالَ ابْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ إِنَّ هَذَا أَمْرٌ مَا لَنَا فِيهِ قَوْلٌ اذْهَبْ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَإِلَى أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ فَإِنِّي قَدْ تَرَكْتُهُمَا عِنْدَ عَائِشَةَ ؓ فَسَلْهُمَا ثُمَّ ائْتِنَا فَأَخْبِرْنَا فَذَهَبَ فَسَأَلَهُمَا فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ لِأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ أَفْتِهِ يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ فَقَدْ جَاءَتْكَ مُعْضِلَةٌ فَقَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ الْوَاحِدَةُ تُبِينُهَا وَالثَّلَاثُ تُحَرِّمُهَا فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجًا غَيْرَهُ 15085 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ بِبَغْدَادَ أنا أَبُو سَهْلِ بْنُ زِيَادٍ الْقَطَّانُ نا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ نا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ نا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ بُكَيْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ أَبِي عَيَّاشٍ عَنِ ابْنِ إِيَاسِ بْنِ الْبُكَيْرِ أَنَّهُ أَتَى عَاصِمَ بْنَ عُمَرَ وَابْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ بِأَعْرَابِيٍّ طَلَّقَ امْرَأَتَهُ ثَلَاثًا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا فَذَكَرَ مَعْنَى حَدِيثِ مَالِكٍ وَزَادَ فَقَالَ وَتَابَعَتْهُمَا عَائِشَةُ ؓ هَذَا هُوَ الْمَشْهُورُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَرَوَيْنَاهُ فِي مَسْأَلَةِ طَلَاقِ الثَّلَاثِ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ وَعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَأَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ؓ
[Machine] "He said it is one form of honoring a man to divorce his wife three times before consummating the marriage. This implies that if he divorces them before having sexual intercourse with them, it would not contradict what came before. This is indicated by what has been mentioned and what preceded it."
أَنَّهُ قَالَ هِيَ وَاحِدَةٌ بَائِنَةٌ يَعْنِي فِي الرَّجُلِ يُطَلِّقُ زَوْجَتَهُ ثَلَاثًا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا فَهَذَا يَحْتَمِلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ الْمُرَادُ بِهِ إِذَا فَرَّقَهُنَّ فَلَا يَكُونُ مُخَالِفًا لِمَا قَبْلَهُ وَالَّذِي يَدُلُّ عَلَى ذَلِكَ مَعَ مَا مَضَى مَا
[Machine] He had it in his hand and sent it all. And if it is repeated, it is nothing. Sufyan said: "Repeated" means you are divorced, you are divorced, you are divorced. For it is clear in the first, while the other two are nothing. Al-Shafi'i mentioned in his book "Ikhtilaf al-Iraqiyyin" which I think is from Abu Yusuf, regarding a man who said to his wife: "You have not been entered by me, you are divorced, you are divorced, you are divorced." The first divorce takes effect, while the other two do not. This is the statement of Abu Hanifa, which was conveyed to us by Umar ibn Al-Khattab, Ali ibn Abi Talib, Abdullah ibn Masud, and Zaid ibn Thabit, as well as Ibrahim.
كَانَتْ بِيَدِهِ أَرْسَلَهَا جَمِيعًا وَإِذَا كَانَ تَتْرَى فَلَيْسَ بِشَيْءٍ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ تَتْرَى يَعْنِي أَنْتِ طَالِقٌ أَنْتِ طَالِقٌ أَنْتِ طَالِقٌ فَإِنَّهَا تَبِينُ بِالْأُولَى وَالثِّنْتَانِ لَيْسَتَا بِشَيْءٍ وَحَكَى الشَّافِعِيُّ فِي كِتَابِ اخْتِلَافِ الْعِرَاقِيِّينَ أَظُنُّهُ عَنْ أَبِي يُوسُفَ فِي الرَّجُلِ يَقُولُ لِامْرَأَتِهِ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا أَنْتِ طَالِقٌ أَنْتِ طَالِقٌ أَنْتِ طَالِقٌ فَالتَّطْلِيقَةُ الْأُولَى وَلَمْ تَقَعْ عَلَيْهَا الْبَاقِيَتَانِ هَذَا قَوْلُ أَبِي حَنِيفَةَ بَلَغَنَا عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ وَعَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَزَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ ؓ وَإِبْرَاهِيمَ بِذَلِكَ
[Machine] For his wife and he did not have sexual intercourse with her, "you are divorced" then "you are divorced" then "you are divorced." Then Abu Bakr said, "Is the woman to be divorced in the middle of the road? It has been clear since the first divorce." The Sheikh said, and this is the meaning.
لِامْرَأَتِهِ وَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا أَنْتِ طَالِقٌ ثُمَّ أَنْتِ طَالِقٌ ثُمَّ أَنْتِ طَالِقٌ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَتُطَلَّقُ الْمَرْأَةُ عَلَى ظَهْرِ الطَّرِيقِ؟ قَدْ بَانَتْ مِنْ حِينَ طَلَّقَهَا التَّطْلِيقَةَ الْأُولَى قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَهَذَا مَعْنَى
[Machine] Al-Hasan said, "Indeed, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'The divorce that has not been consummated with intercourse is not (counted as) one divorce.' This narration is transmitted by Sulaiman bin Arqam, who is weak, and it is possible that he intended by it the divorce that has been consummated with intercourse, as Abdullah bin Mas'ud said. And Allah knows best. The hadith of Abu As-Sahba' regarding the question of Ibn Abbas has already passed, and the discussion has concluded. And with Allah is the facilitation."
قَالَ الْحَسَنُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ طَلَاقُ الَّتِي لَمْ يُدْخَلْ بِهَا وَاحِدَةٌ وَهَذَا مُرْسَلٌ وَرَاوِيهِ سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ أَرْقَمَ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ وَيُحْتَمَلُ إِنْ صَحَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَرَادَ أَنَّ طَلَاقَهَا وَطَلَاقَ الْمَدْخُولِ بِهَا وَاحِدٌ كَمَا قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ وَحَدِيثُ أَبِي الصَّهْبَاءِ فِي سُؤَالِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَدْ مَضَى وَمَضَى الْكَلَامُ عَلَيْهِ وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ