Humaid b. 'Abd al-Rahman reported that Abu Huraira had narrated to him that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded the person (who) broke the fast in Ramadan to free a slave or observe fasts for two (consecutive) months or feed sixty poor persons. (Using translation from Muslim 1111e)
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَمَرَ رَجُلًا أَفْطَرَ فِي رَمَضَانَ أَنْ يُعْتِقَ رَقَبَةً أَوْ يَصُومَ شَهْرَيْنِ أَوْ يُطْعِمَ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا
[Machine] He narrated that the Prophet ﷺ ordered a man who broke his fast in the month of Ramadan to either free a slave, fast for two consecutive months, or feed sixty poor people.
حدَّثَهُ أَنَّ نَبِيَّ اللهِ ﷺ أَمَرَ رَجُلًا أَفْطَرَ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ بِأَنْ يُعْتِقَ رَقَبَةً أَوْ صِيَامِ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ أَوْ إِطْعَامِ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا
I am burnt, whereupon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: How is it? He (the person) said: I had intercourse with my wife during the day in Ramadan. Upon this (the Holy Prophet) said: Give charity, give charity. He (the person) said: There is nothing with me. He commanded him to sit down, (In the meanwhile) there were brought to him (to the Holy Prophet) two baskets containing eatables, whereupon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ told him to give them as sadaqa.
أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ احْتَرَقْتُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِمَ قَالَ وَطِئْتُ امْرَأَتِي فِي رَمَضَانَ نَهَارًا قَالَ تَصَدَّقْ تَصَدَّقْ قَالَ مَا عِنْدِي شَىْءٌ فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَجْلِسَ فَجَاءَهُ عَرَقَانِ فِيهِمَا طَعَامٌ فَأَمَرَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَتَصَدَّقَ بِهِ
I am burnt, whereupon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: How is it? He (the person) said: I had intercourse with my wife during the day in Ramadan. Upon this (the Holy Prophet) said: Give charity, give charity. He (the person) said: There is nothing with me. He commanded him to sit down, (In the meanwhile) there were brought to him (to the Holy Prophet) two baskets containing eatables, whereupon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ told him to give them as sadaqa. (Using translation from Muslim 1112a)
إِنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ احْتَرَقْتُ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَطِئْتُ امْرَأَتِي فِي رَمَضَانَ نَهَارًا قَالَ «تَصَدَّقْ تَصَدَّقْ» قَالَ مَا عِنْدِي شَيْءٌ «فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَمْكُثَ فَجَاءَهُ عِرْقٌ فِيهِ طَعَامٌ فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَتَصَدَّقَ بِهِ»
[Machine] A man came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "I have been burned." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked, "Why?" He replied, "I had intercourse with my wife during the day in Ramadan." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Give charity, give charity." The man said, "I do not have anything." So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded him to sit down, and someone brought him two handfuls of food, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered him to give it as charity. This is the wording of the hadith of Muhammad ibn al-Rumh, and in another narration, Yahya ibn Bukayr also reported this hadith. Then the man was commanded to stay, and someone brought him a bowl of food, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered him to give it as charity.
جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ احْتَرَقْتُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِمَ قَالَ وَطِئْتُ امْرَأَتِي فِي رَمَضَانَ نَهَارًا قَالَ تَصَدَّقْ تَصَدَّقْ قَالَ مَا عِنْدِي شَيْءٌ فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَجْلِسَ فَجَاءَهُ عَرَقَانِ فِيهِمَا طَعَامٌ فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَتَصَدَّقَ بِهِ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الرُّمْحِ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ يَحْيَى بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَمْكُثَ فَجَاءَهُ عَرَقٌ مِنْ طَعَامٍ فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَتَصَدَّقَ بِهِ
Ibn Abbas (Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ went out during the month of Ramadan in the year of Victory (when Mecca was conquered) and was fasting till he reached Kadid (a canal situated at a distance of forty-two miles from Mecca) and he then broke the fast. And it was the habit of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to follow him in every new thing (or act). So they followed him also (in this matter).
أَنَّهُ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَرَجَ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ فِي رَمَضَانَ فَصَامَ حَتَّى بَلَغَ الْكَدِيدَ ثُمَّ أَفْطَرَ وَكَانَ صَحَابَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَتَّبِعُونَ الأَحْدَثَ فَالأَحْدَثَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ
Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab from Ubaydullah ibn Abdullah ibn Utba ibn Masud from Abdullah ibn Abbas that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ left for Makka in Ramadan during the year of the conquest, and fasted until he reached al-Kadid. He then broke the fast, and so everyone else did so as well. What people used to do was act according to whatever the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had done most recently.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَرَجَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ فِي رَمَضَانَ فَصَامَ حَتَّى بَلَغَ الْكَدِيدَ ثُمَّ أَفْطَرَ فَأَفْطَرَ النَّاسُ وَكَانُوا يَأْخُذُونَ بِالأَحْدَثِ فَالأَحْدَثِ مِنْ أَمْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ
[Machine] "That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ went out in the year of the conquest during the month of Ramadan and he fasted until he reached Al-Kadeed, then he broke his fast." He said, "So the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to follow the latest, the most recent in his affairs."
«أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَرَجَ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَصَامَ حَتَّى بَلَغَ الْكَدِيدَ ثُمَّ أَفْطَرَ» قَالَ فَكَانَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَتَّبِعُونَ الْأَحْدَثَ فَالْأَحْدَثَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ
[Machine] "The Messenger of Allahﷺ went out to Makkah during the year of the conquest in the month of Ramadan. He fasted until he reached Kadeed. Then he broke his fast, and the people also broke their fast with him. They used to follow the latest guidance and instruction from the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him."
«أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَرَجَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ فِي رَمَضَانَ فَصَامَ حَتَّى بَلَغَ الْكَدِيدَ ثُمَّ أَفْطَرَ وَأَفْطَرَ النَّاسُ مَعَهُ وَكَانُوا يَأْخُذُونَ بِالْأَحْدَثِ فَالْأَحْدَثِ مِنْ أَمْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ»
[Machine] "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ emerged in the year of conquest in the month of Ramadan and fasted until he reached Kadeed. Then, he broke his fast. He said, 'The companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to follow the newest (or latest) practice from his affairs.'"
«أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَرَجَ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَصَامَ حَتَّى بَلَغَ الْكَدِيدَ ثُمَّ أَفْطَرَ قَالَ وَكَانَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَتَّبِعُونَ الْأَحْدَثَ فَالْأَحْدَثَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ»
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , went out to Mecca in the year of the conquest during Ramadan. He fasted until he reached Kadeed and then he broke his fast. The people broke their fast with him and they followed the most recent command of the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ .
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ خَرَجَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ فِي رَمَضَانَ فَصَامَ حَتَّى بَلَغَ الْكَدِيدَ ثُمَّ أَفْطَرَ وَأَفْطَرَ النَّاسُ مَعَهُ وَكَانُوا يَأْخُذُونَ بِالْأَحْدَثِ فَالْأَحْدَثِ مِنْ أَمْرِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ marched on Mecca on the morning of 14th of Ramadan (lit. when thirteen nights had passed).
الزُّهْرِيُّ وَكَانَ الْفِطْرُ آخِرَ الأَمْرَيْنِ وَإِنَّمَا يُؤْخَذُ مِنْ أَمْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالآخِرِ فَالآخِرِ قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ فَصَبَّحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَكَّةَ لِثَلاَثَ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً خَلَتْ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ
We went out on an expedition with Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the 16th of Ramadan. Some of us fasted and some of us broke the fast. But neither the observer of the fast found fault with one who broke it, nor the breaker of the fast found fault with one who observed it.
عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ ؓ قَالَ غَزَوْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِسِتَّ عَشْرَةَ مَضَتْ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَمِنَّا مَنْ صَامَ وَمِنَّا مَنْ أَفْطَرَ فَلَمْ يَعِبِ الصَّائِمُ عَلَى الْمُفْطِرِ وَلاَ الْمُفْطِرُ عَلَى الصَّائِمِ
We went out on an expedition with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ during Ramadan. Some of us observed the fast and some of us broke it. Neither the observer of the fast had any grudge against one who broke it, nor the breaker of the fast had any grudge against one who had fasted They knew that he who had strength enough (to bear its rigour) fasted and that was good, and they also found that he who felt weakness (and could not bear the burden) broke it, and that was also good.
عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ ؓ قَالَ كُنَّا نَغْزُو مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي رَمَضَانَ فَمِنَّا الصَّائِمُ وَمِنَّا الْمُفْطِرُ فَلاَ يَجِدُ الصَّائِمُ عَلَى الْمُفْطِرِ وَلاَ الْمُفْطِرُ عَلَى الصَّائِمِ يَرَوْنَ أَنَّ مَنْ وَجَدَ قُوَّةً فَصَامَ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ حَسَنٌ وَيَرَوْنَ أَنَّ مَنْ وَجَدَ ضَعْفًا فَأَفْطَرَ فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ حَسَنٌ
[Machine] "We went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ for twelve nights remaining of Ramadan, on his way to Hunayn. Some groups of people fasted while others broke their fast. The fasting person did not criticize the one who broke his fast, nor did the one who broke his fast criticize the fasting person."
خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ لِثِنْتَيْ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً بَقِيَتْ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ مَخْرَجَهُ إِلَى حُنَيْنٍ فَصَامَ طَوَائِفُ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَأَفْطَرَ آخَرُونَ فَلَمْ يَعِبِ الصَّائِمُ عَلَى الْمُفْطِرِ وَلَا الْمُفْطِرُ عَلَى الصَّائِمِ
We set out during the month of Ramadan with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in such an intense heat that one of us would place his hand over his head (in order to protect himself) against the excessive heat, and none among us was observing the fast, except the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and 'Abdullah b. Rawaha.
خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فِي حَرٍّ شَدِيدٍ حَتَّى إِنْ كَانَ أَحَدُنَا لَيَضَعُ يَدَهُ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ مِنْ شِدَّةِ الْحَرِّ وَمَا فِينَا صَائِمٌ إِلاَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ
When (fasting) in Ramadan was (made) obligatory, he abandoned it (the practice of observing fast on Ashura).
عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ وَقَالاَ فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ رَمَضَانُ تَرَكَهُ
Abu Abd al-Rahman, it is the day of 'Ashura (and you are eating). Upon this he said: Fast was observed on (this day) before the (fasting) in Ramadan was made obligatory, but when it was made obligatory, (fasting on the day of 'Ashura) was abandoned. So if you are not fasting, then take food.
يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ إِنَّ الْيَوْمَ يَوْمُ عَاشُورَاءَ فَقَالَ قَدْ كَانَ يُصَامُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ رَمَضَانُ فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ رَمَضَانُ تُرِكَ فَإِنْ كُنْتَ مُفْطِرًا فَاطْعَمْ
Jabir b Samura reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded us to observe fast on the day of Ashura and exhorted us to do it and was particular about it But when (fasting) in Ramadan was made obligatory, he hence. forth neither commanded us nor forbade us, nor was he so particular about it.
كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَأْمُرُنَا بِصِيَامِ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ وَيَحُثُّنَا عَلَيْهِ وَيَتَعَاهَدُنَا عِنْدَهُ فَلَمَّا فُرِضَ رَمَضَانُ لَمْ يَأْمُرْنَا وَلَمْ يَنْهَنَا وَلَمْ يَتَعَاهَدْنَا عِنْدَهُ
Jabir b Samura reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded us to observe fast on the day of Ashura and exhorted us to do it and was particular about it But when (fasting) in Ramadan was made obligatory, he hence. forth neither commanded us nor forbade us, nor was he so particular about it. (Using translation from Muslim 1128)
كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَأْمُرُ بِصِيَامِ عَاشُورَاءَ وَيَحُثُّنَا عَلَيْهِ وَيَتَعَاهَدُنَا عِنْدَهُ فَلَمَّا فُرِضَ رَمَضَانُ لَمْ يَأْمُرْنَا بِهِ وَلَمْ يَنْهَنَا عَنْهُ وَلَمْ يَتَعَاهَدْنَا عِنْدَهُ
Jabir b Samura reported that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded us to observe fast on the day of Ashura and exhorted us to do it and was particular about it But when (fasting) in Ramadan was made obligatory, he hence. forth neither commanded us nor forbade us, nor was he so particular about it. (Using translation from Muslim 1128)
كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَأْمُرُنَا بِصِيَامِ عَاشُورَاءَ وَيَحُثُّنَا عَلَيْهِ وَيَتَعَاهَدُنَا عِنْدَهُ فَلَمَّا فُرِضَ رَمَضَانُ لَمْ يَأْمُرْنَا وَلَمْ يَنْهَنَا عَنْهُ وَلَمْ يَتَعَاهَدْنَا عِنْدَهُ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to command us to fast on the day of Ashura and would emphasize it and urge us to observe it. But when the month of Ramadan was made obligatory, he did not command us to fast it, nor did he prohibit us from it, and he did not emphasize it.
كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «يَأْمُرُنَا بِصِيَامِ عَاشُورَاءَ وَيَحُثُّنَا وَيَتَعَاهَدُنَا عِنْدَهُ فَلَمَّا فُرِضَ رَمَضَانُ لَمْ يَأْمُرْنَا بِهِ وَلَمْ يَنْهَنَا عَنْهُ وَلَمْ يَتَعَاهَدْنَا عِنْدَهُ»
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to command us to fast on the day of Ashura and encouraged us to do so. He would remind us about it and remind us in his presence. But when Ramadan was prescribed, he did not command or forbid us from fasting on the day of Ashura, and he did not emphasize it in his presence. This is the wording of the hadith narrated by Ubaydullah.
كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَأْمُرُنَا بِصِيَامِ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ وَيَحُثُّنَا عَلَيْهِ وَيَتَعَاهَدُنَا عِنْدَهُ فَلَمَّا فُرِضَ رَمَضَانُ لَمْ يَأْمُرْنَا وَلَمْ يَنْهَنَا وَلَمْ يَتَعَاهَدْنَا عِنْدَهُ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ
" عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ قَالَ: كَانَ رَسُولُ الله ﷺ يَأمُرُنَا بِصِيَامِ عَاشُورَاءَ، وَيَحُثُّنَا عَلَيْهِ، وَيَتَعَاهَدُنَا عِنْدَهُ، فَلَمَّا فُرِضَ رَمَضَانُ لَمْ يَأمُرْنَا وَلَمْ يَتَعَاهَدْنَا عنْدَهُ ".
I do not know Messenger of Allah ﷺ singling out any day's fast and considering it more excellent than another, except this day (the day of Ashura) and this month, meaning the month of Ramadan.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ صَامَ يَوْمًا يَطْلُبُ فَضْلَهُ عَلَى الأَيَّامِ إِلاَّ هَذَا الْيَوْمَ وَلاَ شَهْرًا إِلاَّ هَذَا الشَّهْرَ يَعْنِي رَمَضَانَ
I heard from him (Abu Sa'id) a hadith which impressed me, and I said to him: Did you hear it from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ? Thereupon he said: (Is it possible) that (I should) say about the Messenger of Allah ﷺ that which I have not heard? I heard him saying: It is not proper to fast on two days, Adha and Fitr (at the end) of Ramadan.
سَمِعْتُ مِنْهُ حَدِيثًا فَأَعْجَبَنِي فَقُلْتُ لَهُ آنْتَ سَمِعْتَ هَذَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ فَأَقُولُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا لَمْ أَسْمَعْ قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ لاَ يَصْلُحُ الصِّيَامُ فِي يَوْمَيْنِ يَوْمِ الأَضْحَى وَيَوْمِ الْفِطْرِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ
We, during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, in one month of Ramadan (observed fast according to our liking). He who wished to fast lasted and he who wished to break broke it and fed a needy person as an expiation 1544 till this verse was revealed:" He who witnesses among you the month (of Ramadan) he should observe fast during it" (ii. 184).
أَنَّهُ قَالَ كُنَّا فِي رَمَضَانَ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنْ شَاءَ صَامَ وَمَنْ شَاءَ أَفْطَرَ فَافْتَدَى بِطَعَامِ مِسْكِينٍ حَتَّى أُنْزِلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ { فَمَنْ شَهِدَ مِنْكُمُ الشَّهْرَ فَلْيَصُمْهُ}
[Machine] We were in Ramadan during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . Whoever wanted to fast, fasted, and whoever wanted to break the fast, broke it and made up for it by feeding a poor person until the verse was revealed: "So whoever sights [the new moon of] the month, let him fast it" (Surah Al-Baqarah 2:185).
كُنَّا فِي رَمَضَانَ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنْ شَاءَ صَامَ وَمَنْ شَاءَ أَفْطَرَ وَافْتَدَى بِطَعَامِ مِسْكِينٍ حَتَّى نَزَلَتِ الْآيَةُ {فَمَنْ شَهِدَ مِنْكُمُ الشَّهْرَ فَلْيَصُمْهُ} [البقرة 185] الْآيَةَ
We, during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, in one month of Ramadan (observed fast according to our liking). He who wished to fast lasted and he who wished to break broke it and fed a needy person as an expiation 1544 till this verse was revealed:" He who witnesses among you the month (of Ramadan) he should observe fast during it" (ii. 184). (Using translation from Muslim 1145b)
أَنَّهُ قَالَ «كُنَّا فِي رَمَضَانَ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنْ شَاءَ صَامَ وَمَنْ شَاءَ أَفْطَرَ وَافْتَدَى بِإِطْعَامِ مِسْكِينٍ حَتَّى نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {فَمَنْ شَهِدَ مِنْكُمُ الشَّهْرَ فَلْيَصُمْهُ} »
We, during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, in one month of Ramadan (observed fast according to our liking). He who wished to fast lasted and he who wished to break broke it and fed a needy person as an expiation 1544 till this verse was revealed:" He who witnesses among you the month (of Ramadan) he should observe fast during it" (ii. 184). (Using translation from Muslim 1145b)
كُنَّا فِي رَمَضَانَ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ شَاءَ صَامَ وَمَنْ شَاءَ أَفْطَرَ وَافْتَدَى بِطَعَامِ مِسْكِينٍ حَتَّى نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {فَمَنْ شَهِدَ مِنْكُمُ الشَّهْرَ فَلْيَصُمْهُ}
[Machine] During Ramadan at the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, whoever wanted to fast (could), and whoever wanted to break their fast (could) and feed a needy person (instead) until the verse was revealed, "So whoever sights [the new moon of] the month, let him fast it." [Quran 2:185]
كُنَّا فِي رَمَضَانَ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ شَاءَ صَامَ وَمَنْ شَاءَ أَفْطَرَ وَافْتَدَى بِطَعَامِ مِسْكِينٍ حَتَّى أُنْزِلَتِ الْآيَةُ {فَمَنْ شَهِدَ مِنْكُمُ الشَّهْرَ فَلْيَصُمْهُ} [البقرة 185]
I said to'A'isha (Allah be pleased with her): Did the Messenger of Allah ﷺ fast for a full month besides Ramadan? She said: I do not know of any month in which he fasted throughout, but that of the month of Ramadan and (the month) in which he did not fast at all, till he ran the course of his life.
قُلْتُ لِعَائِشَةَ ؓ هَلْ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَصُومُ شَهْرًا مَعْلُومًا سِوَى رَمَضَانَ قَالَتْ وَاللَّهِ إِنْ صَامَ شَهْرًا مَعْلُومًا سِوَى رَمَضَانَ حَتَّى مَضَى لِوَجْهِهِ وَلاَ أَفْطَرَهُ حَتَّى يُصِيبَ مِنْهُ
We are pleased with Allah as the Lord, with Islam as our Code of Life, with Muhammad as the Messenger and with our pledge (to you for willing and cheerful submission) as a (sacred) commitment. He was then asked about perpetual fasting, whereupon he said: He neither fasted nor did he break it, or he did not fast and he did not break it. He was then asked about fasting for two days and breaking one day. He (the Holy Prophet) said: And who has strength enough to do it? He was asked about fasting for a day and breaking for two days, whereupon he said: May Allah bestow upon us strength to do it. He was then asked about fasting for a day and breaking on the other, whereupon he said: That is the fasting of my brother David (peace be upon him). He was then asked about fasting on Monday, whereupon he said: It was the day on which I was born. on which I was commissioned with prophethood or revelation was sent to me, (and he further) said: Three days' fasting every month and of the whole of Ramadan every year is a perpetual fast. He was asked about fasting on the day of 'Arafa (9th of Dhu'I-Hijja), whereupon he said: It expiates the sins of the preceding year and the coming year. He was asked about fasting on the day of 'Ashura (10th of Muharram), whereupon be said: It expiates the sins of the preceding year. (Imam Muslim said that in this hadith there is a) narration of Imam Shu'ba that he was asked about fasting on Monday and Thursday, but we (Imam Muslim) did not mention Thursday for we found it as an error (in reporting).
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ سُئِلَ عَنْ صَوْمِهِ قَالَ فَغَضِبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ: رَضِينَا بِاللَّهِ رَبًّا وَبِالإِسْلاَمِ دِينًا وَبِمُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولاً وَبِبَيْعَتِنَا بَيْعَةً۔
قَالَ فَسُئِلَ عَنْ صِيَامِ الدَّهْرِ فَقَالَ: «لاَ صَامَ وَلاَ أَفْطَرَ أَوْ مَا صَامَ وَمَا أَفْطَرَ۔»
قَالَ فَسُئِلَ عَنْ صَوْمِ يَوْمَيْنِ وَإِفْطَارِ يَوْمٍ قَالَ: «وَمَنْ يُطِيقُ ذَلِكَ؟»
قَالَ وَسُئِلَ عَنْ صَوْمِ يَوْمٍ وَإِفْطَارِ يَوْمَيْنِ قَالَ: «لَيْتَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ قَوَّانَا لِذَلِكَ۔»
قَالَ وَسُئِلَ عَنْ صَوْمِ يَوْمٍ وَإِفْطَارِ يَوْمٍ قَالَ: «ذَاكَ صَوْمُ أَخِي دَاوُدَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ۔»
قَالَ وَسُئِلَ عَنْ صَوْمِ يَوْمِ الاِثْنَيْنِ قَالَ: «ذَاكَ يَوْمٌ وُلِدْتُ فِيهِ، وَيَوْمٌ بُعِثْتُ أَوْ أُنْزِلَ عَلَىَّ فِيهِ۔» قَالَ فَقَالَ: «صَوْمُ ثَلاَثَةٍ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ وَرَمَضَانَ إِلَى رَمَضَانَ صَوْمُ الدَّهْرِ۔»
قَالَ وَسُئِلَ عَنْ صَوْمِ يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ فَقَالَ: «يُكَفِّرُ السَّنَةَ الْمَاضِيَةَ وَالْبَاقِيَةَ۔»
قَالَ وَسُئِلَ عَنْ صَوْمِ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ فَقَالَ: «يُكَفِّرُ السَّنَةَ الْمَاضِيَةَ۔»
[Machine] A man asked the Prophet ﷺ about his fasting. He became angry and said, "Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) is satisfied, or he said, 'We are satisfied with Allah as our Lord, Islam as our religion, and Muhammad as our Messenger, and our pledge is a pledge." Then Umar or another man stood up and said, "O Messenger of Allah, there is a man who fasts continuously." He said, "He does not fast nor break his fast. What he fasts and what he breaks his fast with is fasting two days and breaking his fast for one day." He said, "Who can endure that?" He said, "He can break his fast for one day and fast for one day." He said, "I wish Allah would strengthen us for that." He said, "Fasting one day and breaking the fast for one day." He said, "What about the fasting of Monday and Thursday?" He said, "That is a day on which I was born and on which revelation was sent down to me." He said, "Fasting three days of each month and Ramadan to Ramadan is the fasting of the whole year, and its breaking of fast." He said, "What about fasting on the day of Arafah?" He said, "It expiates for the previous and coming year." He said, "What about fasting on the day of Ashura?" He said, "It expiates for the previous year."
أَنَّ رَجُلًا سَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ عَنْ صَوْمِهِ؟ فَغَضِبَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيتُ أَوْ قَالَ رَضِينَا بِاللهِ رَبًّا وَبِالْإِسْلَامِ دِينًا قَالَ وَلَا أَعْلَمُهُ إِلَّا قَدْ قَالَ وَبِمُحَمَّدٍ رَسُولًا وَبَيْعَتِنَا بَيْعَةً قَالَ فَقَامَ عُمَرُ أَوْ رَجُلٌ آخَرُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ رَجُلٌ صَامَ الْأَبَدَ قَالَ لَا صَامَ وَلَا أَفْطَرَ أَوْ مَا صَامَ وَمَا أَفْطَرَ قَالَ صَوْمُ يَوْمَيْنِ وَإِفْطَارُ يَوْمٍ قَالَ وَمَنْ يُطِيقُ ذَاكَ؟ قَالَ إِفْطَارُ يَوْمَيْنِ وَصَوْمُ يَوْمٍ قَالَ لَيْتَ اللهَ ﷻ قَوَّانَا لِذَلِكَ قَالَ صَوْمُ يَوْمٍ وَإِفْطَارُ يَوْمٍ قَالَ ذَاكَ صَوْمُ أَخِي دَاوُدَ قَالَ صَوْمُ الِاثْنَيْنِ 10 وَالْخَمِيسِ؟ قَالَ ذَاكَ يَوْمٌ وُلِدْتُ فِيهِ وَأُنْزِلَ عَلَيَّ فِيهِ قَالَ صَوْمُ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ وَرَمَضَانَ إِلَى رَمَضَانَ صَوْمُ الدَّهْرِ وَإِفْطَارُهُ قَالَ صَوْمُ يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ؟ قَالَ يُكَفِّرُ السَّنَةَالْمَاضِيَةَ وَالْبَاقِيَةَ قَالَ صَوْمُ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ؟ قَالَ يُكَفِّرُ السَّنَةَ الْمَاضِيَةَ
"عَنْ أَبِى قَتَادَةَ قَالَ: سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ رَسُولَ الله ﷺ فَقَالَ: كَيْفَ نَصُومُ؟ فَغَضب حَتى رؤى الْغَضَبُ في وَجْهِهِ وَرَدَّدَ قَولَه كَيْفَ نَصُومُ؟ فَلَمَّا سَكَتَ عنه الْغَضَبُ أَقْبَلَ، فَكَبَّر عُمَرُ، فَقَالَ: رَضينَا بِالله تَعَالَى ربا وبالإسلَام دِينًا، وبمُحمَّد نبيا، وَبِبَيْعَتِنَا بَيْعة، فَسُئِلَ رسولُ الله ﷺ عَنْ رَجُلٍ صَامَ الدَّهَر؟ فَقَالَ: لَا صَامَ وَلَا أَفْطَرَ، أَو مَا صَامَ وَمَا أَفْطَر فسُئِلَ عَن صْيام يَوْمَينِ وإِفْطَار يَوْم، فَقَالَ: وَمَن يطق ذَلِكَ؟ فَسُئِلَ عَنْ صِيَام يَوم وَإِفْطَارِ يَوميْن، فَقَالَ: وَدَدَنا أَنَّ الله تَعَالَى قَوَّانَا عَلى ذَلِكَ، فَسُئِلَ عَنْ صِيَام يَوم وَإفطار يَوْم، قَالَ: ذَاكَ صِيامُ أخى داودَ، فَسُئِل عَنْ صِيَام يوم الاثْنَينِ، فَقَالَ: ذَاكَ يَومٌ بُعِثْتُ فِيه، وَولُدْتُ فِيهِ، وقَالَ صِيَامُ ثَلاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ، وَرَمَضان إِلى رَمَضَان صَومُ الدَّهْر، وسُئِلَ عَنْ صَوْمِ يَوْم عَرَفَةَ، فَقَالَ: يُكَفِّر السنةَ الماضِيَةَ والبَاقِيةَ وسئِلَ عنْ صَوْم يَوْم عاشُورَاء، فَقَال: يُكَفِّر السَّنة المَاضية".
Did you observe any fast in the middle of this month (Sha'ban)? He said: No. Thereupon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Fast for two days instead of (one fast) when you have completed (fasts of) Ramadan.
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ لِرَجُلٍ هَلْ صُمْتَ مِنْ سُرَرِ هَذَا الشَّهْرِ شَيْئًا قَالَ لاَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَإِذَا أَفْطَرْتَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَصُمْ يَوْمَيْنِ مَكَانَهُ
Did you observe fast in the middle of this month. i. e. Sha'ban? He said: No. Thereupon he said to him: When it is the end of Ramadan, then observe fast for one day or two (Shu'ba had some doubt about it) but he said: I think that he has said: two days.
أَنَّ ﷺ قَالَ لِرَجُلٍ هَلْ صُمْتَ مِنْ سِرَرِ هَذَا الشَّهْرِ شَيْئًا يَعْنِي شَعْبَانَ قَالَ لاَ قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ إِذَا أَفْطَرْتَ رَمَضَانَ فَصُمْ يَوْمًا أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ شُعْبَةُ الَّذِي شَكَّ فِيهِ قَالَ وَأَظُنُّهُ قَالَ يَوْمَيْنِ
Did you observe any fast in the middle of this month (Sha'ban)? He said: No. Thereupon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Fast for two days instead of (one fast) when you have completed (fasts of) Ramadan. (Using translation from Muslim 1161c)
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ لِرَجُلٍ هَلْ صُمْتَ مِنْ سِرَارِ هَذَا الشَّهْرِ شَيْئًا؟ فَقَالَ لَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَإِذَا أَفْطَرْتَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَصُمْ يَوْمَيْنِ مَكَانَهُ
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked a man: Did you fast the last day of Sha'ban ? He replied: No. He said: If you did not observe a fast, you must fast for a day. One of the two narrators said: For two days. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2328)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لِرَجُلٍ هَلْ صُمْتَ مِنْ سُرَرِ شَعْبَانَ شَيْئًا؟ قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَإِذَا أَفْطَرْتَ رَمَضَانَ فَصُمْ يَوْمَيْنِ قَالَ الْجُرَيْرِيُّ صُمْ يَوْمًا
Did you observe fast in the middle of this month. i. e. Sha'ban? He said: No. Thereupon he said to him: When it is the end of Ramadan, then observe fast for one day or two (Shu'ba had some doubt about it) but he said: I think that he has said: two days. (Using translation from Muslim 1161d)
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ لِرَجُلٍ هَلْ صُمْتَ مِنْ سُرَرِ هَذَا الشَّهْرِ شَيْئًا؟ يَعْنِي شَعْبَانَ فَقَالَ لَا فَقَالَ لَهُ إِذَا أَفْطَرْتَ رَمَضَانَ فَصُمْ يَوْمًا أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ شُعْبَةُ الَّذِي شَكَّ فِيهِ قَالَ وَأَظُنُّهُ قَالَ يَوْمَيْنِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to a man, "Have you fasted any days of this month for voluntary reasons?" The man replied, "No." The Prophet ﷺ then said, "If you have already broken your fast in Ramadan, then fast for two consecutive days." Abu Muhammad said, "The man's last fasting days were the two consecutive ones."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ لِرَجُلٍ «هَلْ صُمْتَ مِنْ سَرَرِ هَذَا الشَّهْرِ؟» فَقَالَ لَا قَالَ «فَإِذَا أَفْطَرْتَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَصُمْ يَوْمَيْنِ» قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّد سَرَرُهُ آخِرُهُ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Have you fasted any days of this month?" I said, "No, by Allah, O Messenger of Allah!" He said, "Then if you break your fast in Ramadan, then fast for two consecutive days in its place."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ «هَلْ صُمْتَ مِنْ سُرَرِ هَذَا الشَّهْرِ؟» قُلْتُ لَا وَاللهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ «فَإِذَا أَفْطَرْتَ رَمَضَانَ فَصُمْ مَكَانَ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ يَوْمَيْنِ»
[Machine] Narrated by the Prophet ﷺ that he said to a man, "Did you fast from the beginning of this month, meaning Sha'ban?" The man replied, "No." The Prophet then said, "If you have completed Ramadan, then fast for a day or two."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِرَجُلٍ «هَلْ صُمْتَ مِنْ سُرَرِ هَذَا الشَّهْرِ يَعْنِي شَعْبَانَ ؟» قَالَ لَا قَالَ «فَإِذَا أَفْطَرْتَ رَمَضَانَ فَصُمْ يَوْمًا أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ»
We were forbidden that we should ask anything (without the genuine need) from the Holy Prophet. It, therefore, pleased us that an intelligent person from the dwellers of the desert should come and asked him (the Holy Prophet) and we should listen to it. A man from the dwellers of the desert came (to the Holy Prophet) and said: Muhammad, your messenger came to us and told us your assertion that verily Allah had sent you (as a prophet). He (the Holy Prophet) remarked: He told the truth. He (the bedouin) said: Who created the heaven? He (the Holy Prophet) replied: Allah. He (the bedouin again) said: Who created the earth? He (the Holy Prophet) replied: Allah. He (the bedouin again) said: Who raised these mountains and who created in them whatever is created there? He (the Holy Prophet) replied: Allah. Upon this he (the bedouin) remarked: By Him Who created the heaven and created the earth and raised mountains thereupon, has Allah (in fact) sent you? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Yes. He (the bedouin) said: Your messenger also told us that five prayers (had been made) obligatory for us during the day and the night. He (the Holy Prophet) remarked: He told you the truth. He (the bedouin) said: By Him Who sent you, is it Allah Who ordered you about this (i. e. prayers)? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Yes. He (the bedouin) said: Your messenger told us that Zakat had been made obligatory in our riches. He (the Holy Prophet) said. He has told the truth. He (the bedouin) said: By Him Who sent you (as a prophet), is it Allah Who ordered you about it (Zakat)? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Yes. He (the bedouin) said: Your messenger told us that it had been made obligatory for us to fast every year during the month of Ramadan. He (the Holy Prophet) said: He has told the truth. He (the bedouin) said: By Him Who sent you (as a prophet), is it Allah Who ordered you about it (the fasts of Ramadan)? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Yes. He (the bedouin) said: Your messenger also told us that pilgrimage (Hajj) to the House (of Ka'bah) had been made obligatory for him who is able to undertake the journey to it. He (the Holy Prophet) said: Yes. The narrator said that he (the bedouin) set off (at the conclusion of this answer, but at the time of his departure) remarked: 'By Him Who sent you with the Truth, I would neither make any addition to them nor would I diminish anything out of them. Upon this the Prophet remarked: If he were true (to what he said) he must enter Paradise.
أَنْ نَسْأَلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ شَىْءٍ فَكَانَ يُعْجِبُنَا أَنْ يَجِيءَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَادِيَةِ الْعَاقِلُ فَيَسْأَلَهُ وَنَحْنُ نَسْمَعُ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَادِيَةِ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَتَانَا رَسُولُكَ فَزَعَمَ لَنَا أَنَّكَ تَزْعُمُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ أَرْسَلَكَ قَالَ صَدَقَ قَالَ فَمَنْ خَلَقَ السَّمَاءَ قَالَ اللَّهُ قَالَ فَمَنْ خَلَقَ الأَرْضَ قَالَ اللَّهُ قَالَ فَمَنْ نَصَبَ هَذِهِ الْجِبَالَ وَجَعَلَ فِيهَا مَا جَعَلَ قَالَ اللَّهُ قَالَ فَبِالَّذِي خَلَقَ السَّمَاءَ وَخَلَقَ الأَرْضَ وَنَصَبَ هَذِهِ الْجِبَالَ آللَّهُ أَرْسَلَكَ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ وَزَعَمَ رَسُولُكَ أَنَّ عَلَيْنَا خَمْسَ صَلَوَاتٍ فِي يَوْمِنَا وَلَيْلَتِنَا قَالَ صَدَقَ قَالَ فَبِالَّذِي أَرْسَلَكَ آللَّهُ أَمْرَكَ بِهَذَا قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ وَزَعَمَ رَسُولُكَ أَنَّ عَلَيْنَا زَكَاةً فِي أَمْوَالِنَا قَالَ صَدَقَ قَالَ فَبِالَّذِي أَرْسَلَكَ آللَّهُ أَمْرَكَ بِهَذَا قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ وَزَعَمَ رَسُولُكَ أَنَّ عَلَيْنَا صَوْمَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فِي سَنَتِنَا قَالَ صَدَقَ قَالَ فَبِالَّذِي أَرْسَلَكَ آللَّهُ أَمَرَكَ بِهَذَا قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ وَزَعَمَ رَسُولُكَ أَنَّ عَلَيْنَا حَجَّ الْبَيْتِ مَنِ اسْتَطَاعَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلاً قَالَ صَدَقَ قَالَ ثُمَّ وَلَّى قَالَ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ لاَ أَزِيدُ عَلَيْهِنَّ وَلاَ أَنْقُصُ مِنْهُنَّ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لَئِنْ صَدَقَ لَيَدْخُلَنَّ الْجَنَّةَ
"We were forbidden in the Quran to ask the Prophet about anything not imperative, so we liked it when a wise man from among the people of the desert came and asked him. A man from among the desert people came and said: 'O Muhammad, your messenger came to us and told us that you say that Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, has sent you.' He said: 'He spoke the truth.' He said: 'Who created the heavens?' He said: 'Allah.' He said: 'Who created the Earth?' He said: 'Allah.' He said: 'Who set up the mountains in it?' He said: 'Allah.' He said: 'Who created beneficial things in them?' He said: 'Allah.' He said: 'By the One Who created the heavens and the Earth, and set up the mountains therein, and created beneficial things in them, has Allah sent you?' He said: 'Yes.' He said: 'Your messenger said that we have to offer five prayers each day and night.' He said: 'He spoke the truth.' He said: 'By the One Who sent you, has Allah commanded you to do this?' He said: 'Yes.' He said: 'Your messenger said that we have to pay Zakah on our wealth.' He said: 'He spoke the truth.' He said: 'By the One Who sent you, has Allah commanded you to do this?' He said: 'Yes.' He said: 'Your messenger said that we have to fast the month of Ramadan each year.' He said: 'He spoke the truth.' He said: 'By the One Who sent You, has Allah commanded you to do this?' He said: 'Yes.' He said: 'Your messenger said that we have to perform Hajj, those who can afford it.' He said: 'He spoke the truth.' He said: 'By the One Who sent you, has Allah commanded you to do this?' He said: 'Yes.' He said: 'By the One Who sent you with the truth, I will not do more than this or less.' When he left, the Prophet said: 'If he is sincere, he will certainly enter paradise.'"
أَنْ نَسْأَلَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ عَنْ شَىْءٍ فَكَانَ يُعْجِبُنَا أَنْ يَجِيءَ الرَّجُلُ الْعَاقِلُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَادِيَةِ فَيَسْأَلَهُ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَادِيَةِ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَتَانَا رَسُولُكَ فَأَخْبَرَنَا أَنَّكَ تَزْعُمُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ ﷻ أَرْسَلَكَ قَالَ صَدَقَ قَالَ فَمَنْ خَلَقَ السَّمَاءَ قَالَ اللَّهُ قَالَ فَمَنْ خَلَقَ الأَرْضَ قَالَ اللَّهُ قَالَ فَمَنْ نَصَبَ فِيهَا الْجِبَالَ قَالَ اللَّهُ قَالَ فَمَنْ جَعَلَ فِيهَا الْمَنَافِعَ قَالَ اللَّهُ قَالَ فَبِالَّذِي خَلَقَ السَّمَاءَ وَالأَرْضَ وَنَصَبَ فِيهَا الْجِبَالَ وَجَعَلَ فِيهَا الْمَنَافِعَ آللَّهُ أَرْسَلَكَ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ وَزَعَمَ رَسُولُكَ أَنَّ عَلَيْنَا خَمْسَ صَلَوَاتٍ فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ وَلَيْلَةٍ قَالَ صَدَقَ قَالَ فَبِالَّذِي أَرْسَلَكَ آللَّهُ أَمَرَكَ بِهَذَا قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ وَزَعَمَ رَسُولُكَ أَنَّ عَلَيْنَا زَكَاةَ أَمْوَالِنَا قَالَ صَدَقَ قَالَ فَبِالَّذِي أَرْسَلَكَ آللَّهُ أَمَرَكَ بِهَذَا قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ وَزَعَمَ رَسُولُكَ أَنَّ عَلَيْنَا صَوْمَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فِي كُلِّ سَنَةٍ قَالَ صَدَقَ قَالَ فَبِالَّذِي أَرْسَلَكَ آللَّهُ أَمَرَكَ بِهَذَا قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ وَزَعَمَ رَسُولُكَ أَنَّ عَلَيْنَا الْحَجَّ مَنِ اسْتَطَاعَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلاً قَالَ صَدَقَ قَالَ فَبِالَّذِي أَرْسَلَكَ آللَّهُ أَمَرَكَ بِهَذَا قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَوَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ لاَ أَزِيدَنَّ عَلَيْهِنَّ شَيْئًا وَلاَ أَنْقُصُ فَلَمَّا وَلَّى قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لَئِنْ صَدَقَ لَيَدْخُلَنَّ الْجَنَّةَ
We were forbidden that we should ask anything (without the genuine need) from the Holy Prophet. It, therefore, pleased us that an intelligent person from the dwellers of the desert should come and asked him (the Holy Prophet) and we should listen to it. A man from the dwellers of the desert came (to the Holy Prophet) and said: Muhammad, your messenger came to us and told us your assertion that verily Allah had sent you (as a prophet). He (the Holy Prophet) remarked: He told the truth. He (the bedouin) said: Who created the heaven? He (the Holy Prophet) replied: Allah. He (the bedouin again) said: Who created the earth? He (the Holy Prophet) replied: Allah. He (the bedouin again) said: Who raised these mountains and who created in them whatever is created there? He (the Holy Prophet) replied: Allah. Upon this he (the bedouin) remarked: By Him Who created the heaven and created the earth and raised mountains thereupon, has Allah (in fact) sent you? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Yes. He (the bedouin) said: Your messenger also told us that five prayers (had been made) obligatory for us during the day and the night. He (the Holy Prophet) remarked: He told you the truth. He (the bedouin) said: By Him Who sent you, is it Allah Who ordered you about this (i. e. prayers)? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Yes. He (the bedouin) said: Your messenger told us that Zakat had been made obligatory in our riches. He (the Holy Prophet) said. He has told the truth. He (the bedouin) said: By Him Who sent you (as a prophet), is it Allah Who ordered you about it (Zakat)? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Yes. He (the bedouin) said: Your messenger told us that it had been made obligatory for us to fast every year during the month of Ramadan. He (the Holy Prophet) said: He has told the truth. He (the bedouin) said: By Him Who sent you (as a prophet), is it Allah Who ordered you about it (the fasts of Ramadan)? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Yes. He (the bedouin) said: Your messenger also told us that pilgrimage (Hajj) to the House (of Ka'bah) had been made obligatory for him who is able to undertake the journey to it. He (the Holy Prophet) said: Yes. The narrator said that he (the bedouin) set off (at the conclusion of this answer, but at the time of his departure) remarked: 'By Him Who sent you with the Truth, I would neither make any addition to them nor would I diminish anything out of them. Upon this the Prophet remarked: If he were true (to what he said) he must enter Paradise. (Using translation from Muslim 12a)
أَنْ نَسْأَلَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْ شَيْءٍ قَالَ وَكَانَ يُعْجِبُنَا أَنْ يَجِيءَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَادِيَةِالْعَاقِلُ يَسْأَلُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَتَانَا رَسُولُكَ وَزَعَمَ لَنَا أَنَّكَ تَزْعُمُ أَنَّ اللهَ أَرْسَلَكَ قَالَ صَدَقَ قَالَ فَمَنْ خَلَقَ السَّمَاءَ؟ قَالَ اللهُ قَالَ فَمَنْ خَلَقَ الْأَرْضَ؟ قَالَ اللهُ قَالَ فَمَنْ نَصَبَ هَذِهِ الْجِبَالَ؟ قَالَ اللهُ قَالَ فَبِالَّذِي خَلَقَ السَّمَاءَ وَخَلَقَ الْأَرْضَ وَنَصَبَ الْجِبَالَ آللَّهُ أَرْسَلَكَ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ وَزَعَمَ رَسُولُكَ أَنَّ عَلَيْنَا خَمْسَ صَلَوَاتٍ فِي يَوْمِنَا وَلَيْلَتِنَا قَالَ صَدَقَ قَالَ فَبِالَّذِي أَرْسَلَكَ آللَّهُ أَمَرَكَ بِهَذَا؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ وَزَعَمَ رَسُولُكَ أَنَّ عَلَيْنَا زَكَاةً فِي أَمْوَالِنَا قَالَ صَدَقَ قَالَ فَبِالَّذِي أَرْسَلَكَ آللَّهُ أَمَرَكَ بِهَذَا؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ وَزَعَمَ رَسُولُكَ أَنَّ عَلَيْنَا صَوْمَ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فِي سَنَتِنَا قَالَ عَفَّانُ قَالَ صَدَقَ قَالَ فَبِالَّذِي أَرْسَلَكَ آللَّهُ أَمَرَكَ بِهَذَا؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَزَعَمَ رَسُولُكَ أَنَّ عَلَيْنَا الْحَجَّ مَنْ اسْتَطَاعَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلًا قَالَ صَدَقَ قَالَ فَبِالَّذِي أَرْسَلَكَ آللَّهُ أَمَرَكَ بِهَذَا؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ عَفَّانُ ثُمَّ وَلَّى ثُمَّ قَالَ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ لَا أَزْدَادُ وَلَا أَنْتَقِصُ مِنْهُنَّ شَيْئًا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَئِنْ صَدَقَلَيَدْخُلَنَّ الْجَنَّةَ
أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذَا دَخَلَ رَمَضَانُ بِمِثْلِهِ
The month is thus and thus. (He then withdrew his thumb at the third time). He then said: Fast when you see it, and break your fast when you see it, and if the weather is cloudy calculate it (the months of Sha'ban and Shawwal) as thirty days.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ ذَكَرَ رَمَضَانَ فَضَرَبَ بِيَدَيْهِ فَقَالَ الشَّهْرُ هَكَذَا وَهَكَذَا وَهَكَذَا ثُمَّ عَقَدَ إِبْهَامَهُ فِي الثَّالِثَةِ فَصُومُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ وَأَفْطِرُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ فَإِنْ أُغْمِيَ عَلَيْكُمْ فَاقْدِرُوا لَهُ ثَلاَثِينَ
The month may consist of twenty-nine days, and it may be thus, thus and thus, and (he further) said: Calculate it, but he did not say thirty.
وَقَالَ ذَكَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ الشَّهْرُ تِسْعٌ وَعِشْرُونَ الشَّهْرُ هَكَذَا وَهَكَذَا وَهَكَذَا وَقَالَ فَاقْدِرُوا لَهُ وَلَمْ يَقُلْ ثَلاَثِينَ
We saw the new moon of Ramadan as we were at Dhit-i-'Irq. We sent a man to Ibn Abbas (Allah be pleased with both of them) to ask him (whether the sighting of a small moon had something of the nature of defect in it). Upon this Ibn 'Abbas (Allah be pleased with both of them) said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had said: Verily Allah deferred its sight, but if (the new moon) is hidden from you, then, complete its number (thirty).
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَمَدَّهُ لِرُؤْيَتِهِ فَإِنْ أُغْمِيَ عَلَيْكُمْ فَأَكْمِلُوا الْعِدَّةَ