21. Sūrat al-Anbiyāʾ

٢١۔ سُورَةُ الأنبيَاء

21.11 Abraham broke all their idols to show, that the gods who can not even defend themselves, how they can be of any benefit to them.

٢١۔١١ مقطع في سُورَةُ الأنبيَاء

quran:21:58

So he made them into fragments, except a large one among them, that they might return to it ˹and question˺.  

And so, after they had set off to a gathering of theirs on one of their festival days, he reduced them to fragments (read judhādhan or jidhādhan, meaning ‘pieces’), ˹smashing them˺ with a hatchet, ˹all˺ except the principal one among them, around whose neck he hung the hatchet, that they might return to it, that is, to the principal one, and see what he had done to the others.
القرآن:٢١:٥٨

فَجَعَلَهُمْ جُذَاذًا إِلَّا كَبِيرًا لَهُمْ لَعَلَّهُمْ إِلَيْهِ يَرْجِعُونَ  

{فجعلهم} بعد ذهابهم إلى مجتمعهم في يوم عيد لهم {جُذاذاً} بضم الجيم وكسرها: فتاتاً بفأس {إلا كبيراً لهم} علق الفأس في عنقه {لعلهم إليه} أي إلى الكبير {يرجعون} فيرون ما فعل بغيره.
quran:21:59

They said, "Who has done this to our gods? Indeed, he is of the wrongdoers."  

They said, upon returning and seeing what had been done, ‘Who has done this to our gods? Truly he is an evildoer’, in this regard.
القرآن:٢١:٥٩

قَالُوا مَنْ فَعَلَ هَٰذَا بِآلِهَتِنَا إِنَّهُ لَمِنَ الظَّالِمِينَ  

{قالوا} بعد رجوعهم ورؤيتهم ما فعل {من فعل هذا بآلهتنا إنه لمن الظالمين} فيه.
quran:21:60

They said, "We heard a young man mention them who is called Abraham."  

They said, one to the other: ‘We heard a young man making ˹ill˺ mention of them, deriding them — he is called Abraham’.
القرآن:٢١:٦٠

قَالُوا سَمِعْنَا فَتًى يَذْكُرُهُمْ يُقَالُ لَهُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ  

{قالوا} أي بعضهم لبعض {سمعنا فتى يذكرهم} أي يعيبهم {يقال له إبراهيم}.
quran:21:61

They said, "Then bring him before the eyes of the people that they may testify."  

They said, ‘Then bring him before the people’s eyes, that is, openly, that they may testify’, against him as being the perpetrator.
القرآن:٢١:٦١

قَالُوا فَأْتُوا بِهِ عَلَىٰ أَعْيُنِ النَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَشْهَدُونَ  

{قالوا فأتوا به على أعين الناس} أي ظاهراً {لعلهم يشهدون} عليه أنه الفاعل.
quran:21:62

They said, "Have you done this to our gods, O Abraham?"  

They said, to him, after he had been brought ˹before them˺: ‘So, is it you (read a-anta, ˹either˺ pronouncing fully the two hamzas; or substituting an alif for the second one, or not pronouncing it ˹the second one˺, and inserting an alif between the one not pronounced and the other one, or without ˹this insertion˺) who has done this to our gods, O Abraham?’
القرآن:٢١:٦٢

قَالُوا أَأَنْتَ فَعَلْتَ هَٰذَا بِآلِهَتِنَا يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ  

{قالوا} له بعد إتيانه {أأنت} بتحقيق الهمزتين وإبدال الثانية ألفاً وتسهيلها وإدخال ألف بين المسهلة والأخرى وتركه {فعلت هذا بآلهتنا يا إبراهيم}.
quran:21:63

He said, "Rather, this - the largest of them - did it, so ask them, if they should ˹be able to˺ speak."  

He said, concealing his deed: ‘Rather it was this principal one among them did it. So question them, about the perpetrator of this, if they can speak!’ (here the response to the conditional statement precedes ˹the conditional clause˺; in the preceding clause there is an intimation for them that an idol, acknowledged as being incapable of action, cannot be a god).
القرآن:٢١:٦٣

قَالَ بَلْ فَعَلَهُ كَبِيرُهُمْ هَٰذَا فَاسْأَلُوهُمْ إِنْ كَانُوا يَنْطِقُونَ  

{قال} ساكتاً عن فعله {بل فعله كبيرهم هذا فاسألوهم} عن فاعله {إن كانوا ينطقون} فيه تقديم جواب الشرط وفيها قبله تعرض لهم بأن الصنم المعلوم عجزه عن الفعل لا يكون إلهاً.
quran:21:64

So they returned to ˹blaming˺ themselves and said ˹to each other˺, "Indeed, you are the wrongdoers."  

So they turned ˹thinking˺ to themselves, in reflection, and they said, to themselves: ‘Truly it is you who are the evildoers’, for worshipping that which cannot speak.
القرآن:٢١:٦٤

فَرَجَعُوا إِلَىٰ أَنْفُسِهِمْ فَقَالُوا إِنَّكُمْ أَنْتُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ  

{فرجعوا إلى أنفسهم} بالتفكر {فقالوا} لأنفسهم {إنكم أنتم الظالمون} بعبادتكم من لا ينطق.
quran:21:65

Then they reversed themselves, ˹saying˺, "You have already known that these do not speak!"  

Then they were turned, by God, on their heads, that is to say, they were made to return to their disbelief and said, ‘By God, you are certainly aware that these ˹idols˺ cannot speak’, in other words, how can you thus command us to question them?
القرآن:٢١:٦٥

ثُمَّ نُكِسُوا عَلَىٰ رُءُوسِهِمْ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ مَا هَٰؤُلَاءِ يَنْطِقُونَ  

{ثم نكسوا} من الله {على رءُوسهم} أي ردوا إلى كفرهم وقالوا والله {لقد علمتَ ما هؤلاء ينطقون} أي فكيف تأمرنا بسؤالهم.
quran:21:66

He said, "Then do you worship instead of Allah that which does not benefit you at all or harm you?  

He said, ‘Do you then worship, besides God, that is, in His place, that which cannot benefit you in any way, with regard to ˹granting you˺ provision and otherwise, nor harm you?, in any way if you were not to worship it?
القرآن:٢١:٦٦

قَالَ أَفَتَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ مَا لَا يَنْفَعُكُمْ شَيْئًا وَلَا يَضُرُّكُمْ  

{قال أفتعبدون من دون الله} أي بدله {ما لا ينفعكم شيئاً} من رزق وغيره {ولا يضركم} شيئاً إذا لم تعبدوه.
quran:21:67

Uff to you and to what you worship instead of Allah. Then will you not use reason?"  

Fie (read uffin or uffan, with the sense of a verbal noun, meaning ‘a putrid thing or a vile thing ˹be˺’) on you and what you worship besides God, that is, other than Him. Do you not comprehend?’, that these idols are not worthy of being worshipped and are not fit for such ˹a purpose˺ — only God, exalted be He, is worthy of it.
القرآن:٢١:٦٧

أُفٍّ لَكُمْ وَلِمَا تَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ ۖ أَفَلَا تَعْقِلُونَ  

{أف} بكسر الفاء وفتحها بمعنى مصدر أي نتناً وقبحاً {لكم ولما تعبدون من دون الله} أي غيره {أفلا تعقلون} أن هذه الأصنام لا تستحق العبادة ولا تصلح لها، وإنما يستحقها الله تعالى.