12. Sūrat Yūsuf

١٢۔ سُورَةُ يُوسُف

Qurʾān > Chapter 12 > Section 18
القرآن > كتاب ١٢ > باب ١٨

12.18 Joseph's brothers went back and told their father about the incident of Benjamin's stealing and retention. Their father sent them back.

١٢۔١٨ مقطع في سُورَةُ يُوسُف

quran:12:80 –

So when they had despaired of him, they secluded themselves in private consultation. The eldest of them said, "Do you not know that your father has taken upon you an oath by Allah and ˹that˺ before you failed in ˹your duty to˺ Joseph? So I will never leave ˹this˺ land until my father permits me or Allah decides for me, and He is the best of judges.  

So when they despaired of ˹moving˺ him, they withdrew to confer privately ˹together˺ (najiyyan is a verbal noun that can be used to refer to one person or more, in other words ˹understand it as meaning˺ yunājī ba‘duhum ba‘dan, ‘one conferring with the other’). The most senior of them, in years — Reuben — or, ˹the most senior of them˺ in opinion — Judah, said: ‘Are you not aware that your father has taken a solemn pledge, a covenant, from you by God, concerning your brother, and formerly (wa-min qablu mā: the mā is extra) you failed regarding Joseph? (but it ˹the mā˺ is also said to be relating to the verbal action, ˹in other words it is˺ a subject, the predicate of which is min qabl, ‘formerly’). So I will never leave, part with, this land, the land of Egypt, until my father permits me, to return to him, or God judges for me, through the deliverance of my brother; and He is the best, the fairest, of judges.
القرآن:١٢:٨٠ –

فَلَمَّا اسْتَيْأَسُوا مِنْهُ خَلَصُوا نَجِيًّا ۖ قَالَ كَبِيرُهُمْ أَلَمْ تَعْلَمُوا أَنَّ أَبَاكُمْ قَدْ أَخَذَ عَلَيْكُمْ مَوْثِقًا مِنَ اللَّهِ وَمِنْ قَبْلُ مَا فَرَّطْتُمْ فِي يُوسُفَ ۖ فَلَنْ أَبْرَحَ الْأَرْضَ حَتَّىٰ يَأْذَنَ لِي أَبِي أَوْ يَحْكُمَ اللَّهُ لِي ۖ وَهُوَ خَيْرُ الْحَاكِمِينَ  

{فلما استيأسوا} يئسوا {منه خلصوا} اعتزلوا {نجيا} مصدر يصلح للواحد وغيره أي يناجي بعضهم بعضا {قال كبيرهم} سنًّا روبيل أو رأيا: يهوذا {ألم تعلموا أن أباكم قد أخذ عليكم موثقا} عهدا {من الله} في أخيكم {ومن قبل ما} زائد {فرطتم في يوسف} وقيل ما مصدرية مبتدأ خبره من قبل {فلن أبرح} أفارق {الأرض} أرض مصر {حتى يأذن لي أبي} بالعود إليه {أو يحكم الله لي} بخلاص أخي {وهو خير الحاكمين} أعدلهم.
quran:12:81 –

Return to your father and say, "O our father, indeed your son has stolen, and we did not testify except to what we knew. And we were not witnesses of the unseen,  

Go back to your father and say, “O our father, your son has indeed stolen and we testified, against him, only regarding what we knew, from the certainty of having seen the ˹king’s˺ cup in his saddlebag; we could not have guarded against the Unseen, that which was hidden from us, when we gave our pledge: had we known that he would steal, we would not have taken him ˹with us to Egypt˺.
القرآن:١٢:٨١ –

ارْجِعُوا إِلَىٰ أَبِيكُمْ فَقُولُوا يَا أَبَانَا إِنَّ ابْنَكَ سَرَقَ وَمَا شَهِدْنَا إِلَّا بِمَا عَلِمْنَا وَمَا كُنَّا لِلْغَيْبِ حَافِظِينَ  

{ارجعوا إلى أبيكم فقولوا يا أبانا إن ابنك سرق وما شهدنا} عليه {إلا بما علمنا} تيقنَّا من مشاهدة الصاع في رحله {وما كنا للغيب} لما غاب عنا حين إعطاء الموثق {حافظين} ولو علمنا أنه يسرق لم نأخذه.
quran:12:82 –

And ask the city in which we were and the caravan in which we came - and indeed, we are truthful,"  

And ask the city in which we were — namely Egypt — in other words, send forth ˹someone˺ to ask its people, and the caravan, the men of the caravan, with which we approached — and these were a group of Canaanites. Surely we speak the truth” ’, in what we say. So they went back to him and told him as much.
القرآن:١٢:٨٢ –

وَاسْأَلِ الْقَرْيَةَ الَّتِي كُنَّا فِيهَا وَالْعِيرَ الَّتِي أَقْبَلْنَا فِيهَا ۖ وَإِنَّا لَصَادِقُونَ  

{واسأل القرية التي كنا فيها} هي مصر أي أرسل إلى أهلها فاسألهم {والعير} أصحاب العير {التي أقبلنا فيها} وهم قوم من كنعان {وإنا لصادقون} في قولنا فرجعوا إليه وقالوا له ذلك.
quran:12:83 –

˹Jacob˺ said, "Rather, your souls have enticed you to something, so patience is most fitting. Perhaps Allah will bring them to me all together. Indeed it is He who is the Knowing, the Wise."  

‘Nay,’ he said, ‘but your souls have beguiled you into, have adorned ˹for you˺, something, and you did it: he accused them because of what had happened with them before concerning Joseph. Yet comely patience, will be my ˹course of˺ patience! It may be that God will bring them, Joseph and his two brothers, all ˹back˺ to me. Indeed He is the Knower, of my predicament, the Wise’, in His actions.
القرآن:١٢:٨٣ –

قَالَ بَلْ سَوَّلَتْ لَكُمْ أَنْفُسُكُمْ أَمْرًا ۖ فَصَبْرٌ جَمِيلٌ ۖ عَسَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَنِي بِهِمْ جَمِيعًا ۚ إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْعَلِيمُ الْحَكِيمُ  

{قال بل سولت} زينت {لكم أنفسكم أمرا} ففعلتموه اتهمهم لما سبق منهم من أمر يوسف {فصبر جميل} صبري {عسى الله أن يأتيني بهم} بيوسف وأخويه {جميعا إنه هو العليم} بحالي {الحكيم} في صنعه.
quran:12:84 –

And he turned away from them and said, "Oh, my sorrow over Joseph," and his eyes became white from grief, for he was ˹of that˺ a suppressor.  

And he turned away from them, no longer addressing them, and said, ‘Alas, my grief for Joseph!’ (yā asafā: the ˹final˺ alif ˹of asafā˺ has taken the place of the ˹possessive˺ yā’ of genitive annexation ˹sc. yā asafī˺, in other words ˹it means˺ yā huznī ˹‘O my sorrow’˺). And his eyes turned white, their dark colour was effaced and became white on account of his tears, with grief, for him, such that he was ˹filled˺ with suppressed agony, anguished and grief-stricken, but not manifesting his grief.
القرآن:١٢:٨٤ –

وَتَوَلَّىٰ عَنْهُمْ وَقَالَ يَا أَسَفَىٰ عَلَىٰ يُوسُفَ وَابْيَضَّتْ عَيْنَاهُ مِنَ الْحُزْنِ فَهُوَ كَظِيمٌ  

{وتولى عنهم} تاركا خطابهم {وقال يا أسفى} الألف بدل من ياء الإضافة أي يا حزني {على يوسف وابيضت عيناه} انمحق سوادهما وبدل بياضا من بكائه {من الحزن} عليه {فهو كظيم} مغموم مكروب لا يظهر كربه.
quran:12:85 –

They said, "By Allah, you will not cease remembering Joseph until you become fatally ill or become of those who perish."  

They said, ‘By God, you will never cease remembering Joseph until you are consumed, on the verge of perishing, on account of your illness (it ˹haradan, ‘consumed’˺ is a verbal noun equally ˹applicable˺ to one person or more) or you are of those who perish’, ˹of˺ the dead.
القرآن:١٢:٨٥ –

قَالُوا تَاللَّهِ تَفْتَأُ تَذْكُرُ يُوسُفَ حَتَّىٰ تَكُونَ حَرَضًا أَوْ تَكُونَ مِنَ الْهَالِكِينَ  

{قالوا تالله} لا {تفتأ} تزال {تذكر يوسف حتى تكون حرضا} مشرفا على الهلاك لطول مرضك وهو مصدر يستوي فيه الواحد وغيره {أو تكون من الهالكين} الموتى.
quran:12:86 –

He said, "I only complain of my suffering and my grief to Allah, and I know from Allah that which you do not know.  

He said, to them: ‘I complain of my anguish — (bathth is) severe grief, which cannot be endured unless it is proclaimed ˹yubaththu˺ to others — and grief only to God, not to any other than Him, for it is worth complaining to Him; and I know from God what you do not know, ˹and that is˺ that Joseph’s dream is true and that he is alive. Then he said:
القرآن:١٢:٨٦ –

قَالَ إِنَّمَا أَشْكُو بَثِّي وَحُزْنِي إِلَى اللَّهِ وَأَعْلَمُ مِنَ اللَّهِ مَا لَا تَعْلَمُونَ  

{قال} لهم {إنما أشكو بثي} هو عظيم الحزن الذي لا يصبر عليه حتى يبث إلى الناس {وحزني إلى الله} لا إلى غيره فهو الذي تنفع الشكوى إليه {وأعلم من الله ما لا تعلمون} من أن رؤيا يوسف صدق وهو حي ثم قال.
quran:12:87 –

O my sons, go and find out about Joseph and his brother and despair not of relief from Allah. Indeed, no one despairs of relief from Allah except the disbelieving people."  

O my sons, go and enquire about Joseph and his brother, seek news of them, and do not despair of God’s ˹gracious˺ Spirit, His mercy. Indeed none despairs of the ˹gracious˺ Spirit of God save the disbelieving folk’: and so they departed to Egypt ˹to look˺ for Joseph.
القرآن:١٢:٨٧ –

يَا بَنِيَّ اذْهَبُوا فَتَحَسَّسُوا مِنْ يُوسُفَ وَأَخِيهِ وَلَا تَيْأَسُوا مِنْ رَوْحِ اللَّهِ ۖ إِنَّهُ لَا يَيْأَسُ مِنْ رَوْحِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا الْقَوْمُ الْكَافِرُونَ  

{يا بني اذهبوا فتحسسوا من يوسف وأخيه} اطلبوا خبرهما {ولا تيأسوا} تقنطوا {من روح الله} رحمته {إنه لا ييأس من روح الله إلا القوم الكافرون} فانطلقوا نحو مصر ليوسف.