12. Sūrat Yūsuf

١٢۔ سُورَةُ يُوسُف

Qurʾān > Chapter 12 > Section 11
القرآن > كتاب ١٢ > باب ١١

12.11 Two prison inmates had dreams and asked Joseph for interpretation. Joseph 's address to his fellow inmates.

١٢۔١١ مقطع في سُورَةُ يُوسُف

quran:12:36 –

And there entered the prison with him two young men. One of them said, "Indeed, I have seen myself ˹in a dream˺ pressing wine." The other said, "Indeed, I have seen myself carrying upon my head ˹some˺ bread, from which the birds were eating. Inform us of its interpretation; indeed, we see you to be of those who do good."  

And there entered the prison with him two youths, two young men ˹servants˺ of the king, one of whom was his cup-bearer, the other, his food-taster. They noticed that he interpreted dreams and so they said, ‘Let us try him’. One of them, the cup-bearer, said: ‘I dreamed that I was pressing wine’, that is, grapes. The other, the food-taster, said: ‘I dreamed that I was carrying on my head bread whereof the birds were eating. Tell us, inform us ˹of˺, its interpretation, for indeed we see you as being among the virtuous’.
القرآن:١٢:٣٦ –

وَدَخَلَ مَعَهُ السِّجْنَ فَتَيَانِ ۖ قَالَ أَحَدُهُمَا إِنِّي أَرَانِي أَعْصِرُ خَمْرًا ۖ وَقَالَ الْآخَرُ إِنِّي أَرَانِي أَحْمِلُ فَوْقَ رَأْسِي خُبْزًا تَأْكُلُ الطَّيْرُ مِنْهُ ۖ نَبِّئْنَا بِتَأْوِيلِهِ ۖ إِنَّا نَرَاكَ مِنَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ  

{ودخل معه السجن فتيان} غلامان للملك أحدهما ساقيه والآخر صاحب طعامه فرأياه يعبر الرؤيا فقالا لنختبرنه {قال أحدهما} وهو الساقي {إني أراني أعصر خمرا} أي عنبا {وقال الآخر} وهو صاحب الطعام {إني أراني أحمل فوق رأسي خبزا تأكل الطير منه نبئنا} خبرنا {بتأويله} بتعبيره {إنا نراك من المحسنين}.
quran:12:37 –

He said, "You will not receive food that is provided to you except that I will inform you of its interpretation before it comes to you. That is from what my Lord has taught me. Indeed, I have left the religion of a people who do not believe in Allah, and they, in the Hereafter, are disbelievers.  

He said, to them both, in order to inform ˹them˺ that he knew how to interpret dreams: ‘The food, with which you are provided, shall not come to you, while you are asleep, but I shall tell you the interpretation thereof, while you are conscious, before it, the interpretation thereof, comes to you. This is from that which my Lord has taught me — herein is an incitement for them to believe, which he reinforces with the following words: Lo! I have forsaken the creed, the religion, of a folk who do not believe in God and who moreover (hum, ‘they’ ˹is repeated˺ for emphasis) are disbelievers in the Hereafter.
القرآن:١٢:٣٧ –

قَالَ لَا يَأْتِيكُمَا طَعَامٌ تُرْزَقَانِهِ إِلَّا نَبَّأْتُكُمَا بِتَأْوِيلِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَأْتِيَكُمَا ۚ ذَٰلِكُمَا مِمَّا عَلَّمَنِي رَبِّي ۚ إِنِّي تَرَكْتُ مِلَّةَ قَوْمٍ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَهُمْ بِالْآخِرَةِ هُمْ كَافِرُونَ  

{قال} لهما مخبرا أنه عالم بتعبير الرؤيا {لا يأتيكما طعام ترزقانه} في منامكما {إلا نبأتكما بتأويله} في اليقظة {قبل أن يأتيكما} تأويله {ذلكما مما علمني ربي} فيه حث على إيمانهما ثم قوّاه بقوله {إني تركت ملة} دين {قوم لا يؤمنون بالله وهم بالآخرة هم} تأكيد {كافرون}.
quran:12:38 –

And I have followed the religion of my fathers, Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. And it was not for us to associate anything with Allah. That is from the favor of Allah upon us and upon the people, but most of the people are not grateful.  

And I follow the creed of my fathers, Abraham and Isaac and Jacob. It never was, right, for us to associate anything (min shay’in: min is extra) with God — on account of our ˹God-given˺ immunity ˹from error˺. That, affirmation of ˹God’s˺ Oneness, is from God’s bounty to us and to mankind; but most people — and these are the disbelievers — do not give thanks, to God, and so they associate others with Him.
القرآن:١٢:٣٨ –

وَاتَّبَعْتُ مِلَّةَ آبَائِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْحَاقَ وَيَعْقُوبَ ۚ مَا كَانَ لَنَا أَنْ نُشْرِكَ بِاللَّهِ مِنْ شَيْءٍ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ مِنْ فَضْلِ اللَّهِ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى النَّاسِ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لَا يَشْكُرُونَ  

{واتبعت ملة آبائي إبراهيم وإسحاق ويعقوب ما كان} ينبغي {لنا أن نشرك بالله من} زائدة {شيء} لعصمتنا {ذلك} التوحيد {من فضل الله علينا وعلى الناس ولكن أكثر الناس} وهم الكفار {لا يشكرون} الله فيشركون ثم صرح بدعائهما إلى الإيمان فقال.
quran:12:39 –

O ˹my˺ two companions of prison, are separate lords better or Allah, the One, the Prevailing?  

He ˹Joseph˺ then explicitly calls them to faith, saying: O my two fellow-prisoners!, inmates ˹of the prison˺: Are several lords better, or, is, God, the One, the Almighty, better? (an interrogative meant as an affirmative).
القرآن:١٢:٣٩ –

يَا صَاحِبَيِ السِّجْنِ أَأَرْبَابٌ مُتَفَرِّقُونَ خَيْرٌ أَمِ اللَّهُ الْوَاحِدُ الْقَهَّارُ  

{يا صاحبي} ساكني {السجن أأرباب متفرقون خير أم الله الواحد القهار} خير؟ استفهام تقرير.
quran:12:40 –

You worship not besides Him except ˹mere˺ names you have named them, you and your fathers, for which Allah has sent down no authority. Legislation is not but for Allah. He has commanded that you worship not except Him. That is the correct religion, but most of the people do not know.  

You do not worship, apart from Him, that is, other than Him, anything but ˹mere˺ names that you have named, that you have named for idols, you and your fathers. God has not revealed any warrant, any definitive argument or proof, regarding them, regarding worship of them. Judgement, decree, belongs only to God, alone. He has commanded that you worship none but Him. That, affirmation of ˹God’s˺ Oneness, is the upright, the straight, religion, but most people — and these are the disbelievers — do not know, the punishment in which they shall end up, and so they ascribe partners ˹to God˺.
القرآن:١٢:٤٠ –

مَا تَعْبُدُونَ مِنْ دُونِهِ إِلَّا أَسْمَاءً سَمَّيْتُمُوهَا أَنْتُمْ وَآبَاؤُكُمْ مَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ بِهَا مِنْ سُلْطَانٍ ۚ إِنِ الْحُكْمُ إِلَّا لِلَّهِ ۚ أَمَرَ أَلَّا تَعْبُدُوا إِلَّا إِيَّاهُ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ الدِّينُ الْقَيِّمُ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ  

{ما تعبدون من دونه} أي غيره {إلا أسماء سميتموها} سميتم بها أصناما {أنتم وآباؤكم ما أنزل الله بها} بعادتها {من سلطان} حجة وبرهان {إن} ما {الحكم} القضاء {إلا لله} وحده {أمر ألا تعبدوا إلا إياه ذلك} التوحيد {الدين القيم} المستقيم {ولكنَّ أكثر الناس} وهم الكفار {لا يعلمون} ما يصيرون إليه من العذاب فيشركون.
quran:12:41 –

O two companions of prison, as for one of you, he will give drink to his master of wine; but as for the other, he will be crucified, and the birds will eat from his head. The matter has been decreed about which you both inquire."  

O fellow-prisoners! As for one of you, that is, the cup-bearer, he will depart after three ˹days˺ and, he shall serve his lord, his master, wine to drink, as usual; and as for the other, he will depart after three ˹days˺ and, he will be crucified so that the birds will eat from his head: this is the interpretation of both your dreams. They said, ‘We never dreamed a thing!’; he said, decided, concluded, is the matter regarding which you sought opinion’, about which you enquired, whether you spoke truthfully or were lying.
القرآن:١٢:٤١ –

يَا صَاحِبَيِ السِّجْنِ أَمَّا أَحَدُكُمَا فَيَسْقِي رَبَّهُ خَمْرًا ۖ وَأَمَّا الْآخَرُ فَيُصْلَبُ فَتَأْكُلُ الطَّيْرُ مِنْ رَأْسِهِ ۚ قُضِيَ الْأَمْرُ الَّذِي فِيهِ تَسْتَفْتِيَانِ  

{يا صاحبي السجن أما أحدكما} أي الساقي فيخرج بعد ثلاث {فيسقي ربه} سيده {خمرا} على عادته {وأما الآخر} فيخرج بعد ثلاث {فيصلب فتأكل الطير من رأسه} هذا تأويل رؤياكما فقالا ما رأينا شيئا فقال {قضي} تمَّ {الأمر الذي فيه تستفتيان} سألتما عنه صدقتما أم كذبتما.
quran:12:42 –

And he said to the one whom he knew would go free, "Mention me before your master." But Satan made him forget the mention ˹to˺ his master, and Joseph remained in prison several years.  

Then he said to the one whom he deemed, ˹whom˺ he was certain, would be saved of the two — and this was the cup-bearer: ‘Mention me to your lord’, your master, and say to him, ‘There is a young man in jail who has been wrongly imprisoned’. So he ˹the cup-bearer˺ departed, but Satan caused him, that is, the cupbearer, to forget the mention, of Joseph, before his master, so that he, Joseph, stayed, he remained, in prison for some years: it is said ˹that he remained˺ for seven years, or for twelve.
القرآن:١٢:٤٢ –

وَقَالَ لِلَّذِي ظَنَّ أَنَّهُ نَاجٍ مِنْهُمَا اذْكُرْنِي عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ فَأَنْسَاهُ الشَّيْطَانُ ذِكْرَ رَبِّهِ فَلَبِثَ فِي السِّجْنِ بِضْعَ سِنِينَ  

{وقال للذي ظن} أيقن {أنه ناج منهما} وهو الساقي {اذكرني عند ربك} سيدك فقل له إن في السجن غلاما محبوسا ظلما فخرج {فأنساه} أي الساقي {الشيطان ذكْرَ} يوسف عند {ربه فلبث} مكث يوسف {في السجن بضع سنين} قيل سبعا وقيل اثنتي عشرة.