12. Sūrat Yūsuf

١٢۔ سُورَةُ يُوسُف

Qurʾān > Chapter 12 > Section 24
القرآن > كتاب ١٢ > باب ٢٤

12.24 All the Messengers were human beings. The story of Joseph is confirmation of previous scriptures.

١٢۔٢٤ مقطع في سُورَةُ يُوسُف

quran:12:109 –

And We sent not before you ˹as messengers˺ except men to whom We revealed from among the people of cities. So have they not traveled through the earth and observed how was the end of those before them? And the home of the Hereafter is best for those who fear Allah; then will you not reason?  

And We did not send before you ˹any messengers˺ save men inspired by revelation (yūhā ilayhim: a variant reading has nūhī ilayhim, ‘to whom We revealed’) — and not angels — from among the people of the towns, the principal towns, since they are more knowledgeable and wiser than the people of the desert, who are crude and ignorant. Have they, the people of Mecca, not travelled in the land and seen the nature of the consequence for those who were before them?, that is, how they ended up, when they were destroyed for denying their messengers? And verily the abode of the Hereafter, that is, Paradise, is better for those who are wary, of God. Will they not understand? (read a-fa-lā ya‘qilūn, or a-fa-lā ta‘qilūn. ‘Will you not understand?’), this, O people of Mecca, and so have faith?
القرآن:١٢:١٠٩ –

وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ إِلَّا رِجَالًا نُوحِي إِلَيْهِمْ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْقُرَىٰ ۗ أَفَلَمْ يَسِيرُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ فَيَنْظُرُوا كَيْفَ كَانَ عَاقِبَةُ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ ۗ وَلَدَارُ الْآخِرَةِ خَيْرٌ لِلَّذِينَ اتَّقَوْا ۗ أَفَلَا تَعْقِلُونَ  

{وما أرسلنا من قبلك إلا رجالا يوحى} وفي قراءة بالنون وكسر الحاء {إليهم} لا ملائكة {من أهل القرى} الأمصار لأنهم أعلم وأحلم بخلاف أهل البوادي لجفائهم وجهلهم {أفلم يسيروا} أهل مكة {في الأرض فينظروا كيف كان عاقبة الذين من قبلهم} أي آخر أمرهم من إهلاكهم بتكذيبهم رسلهم {ولدار الآخرة} أي الجنة {خير للذين اتقوا} الله {أفلا تعقلون} بالياء والتاء يا أهل مكة هذا فتؤمنون.
quran:12:110 –

˹They continued˺ until, when the messengers despaired and were certain that they had been denied, there came to them Our victory, and whoever We willed was saved. And Our punishment cannot be repelled from the people who are criminals.  

Until (hattā indicates the end ˹result˺ indicated by ˹the previous statement˺ wa-mā arsalnā min qablika illā rijālan, And We did not send before you ˹any messengers˺ save men ˹above, Q. 12:109˺), that is, ˹to whom˺ Our support waned until, when the messengers despaired and thought, ˹when˺ the messengers were certain, that they were denied (read kudhdhibū, to mean ˹that they were denied˺ to such an extent that ˹they believed that˺ there would not be any ˹possible acceptance of˺ faith thereafter; or read kudhibū, to mean that the communities thought that their messengers had been lied to concerning the victory which they had been promised), Our help came to them and whomever We willed We delivered (read fa-nunajjī or fa-nunjī; or fa-nujjiya, as past tense, ‘˹whomever We wished˺ was delivered’). And Our wrath, Our chastisement, cannot be averted from the sinning, the idolatrous, folk.
القرآن:١٢:١١٠ –

حَتَّىٰ إِذَا اسْتَيْأَسَ الرُّسُلُ وَظَنُّوا أَنَّهُمْ قَدْ كُذِبُوا جَاءَهُمْ نَصْرُنَا فَنُجِّيَ مَنْ نَشَاءُ ۖ وَلَا يُرَدُّ بَأْسُنَا عَنِ الْقَوْمِ الْمُجْرِمِينَ  

{حتى} غاية لما دل عليه (وما أرسلنا من قبلك إلا رجالا) أي فتراخى نصرهم حتى {إذا استيئس} يئس {الرسل وظنوا} أيقن الرسل {أنهم قد كذِّبوا} بالتشديد تكذيبا لا إيمان بعده والتخفيف أي ظن الأمم أن الرسل أخلفوا ما وعدوا به من النصر {جاءهم نصرنا فَنُنَجِّي} بنونين مشددا ومخففا وبنون مشددا ماض {من نشاء ولا يرد بأسنا} عذابنا {عن القوم المجرمين} المشركين.
quran:12:111 –

There was certainly in their stories a lesson for those of understanding. Never was the Qur'an a narration invented, but a confirmation of what was before it and a detailed explanation of all things and guidance and mercy for a people who believe.  

Verily there is in their stories, that is, the messengers’ ˹stories˺, a lesson for people of pith, possessors of intellect. It, this Qur’ān, is not a fabricated, an invented, discourse but, it is, a confirmation of what was ˹revealed˺ before it, of scriptures, and a detailing, an elucidation, of everything, that one needs for ˹the proper observance of˺ religion, and a guidance, from error, and a mercy for a folk who believe: such ˹folk˺ are singled out for mention because they are the ones to benefit from it, to the exclusion of others. Meccan, except for the verse ˹beginning with˺ ‘Those who disbelieve will continue to …’ ˹second half of 31˺, and the verse ‘And those who disbelieve will say, ‘You are not sent ˹by God˺’. Alternatively, it is Medinese, except for the two verses ˹sc. verse 31˺, ‘If only it were a Qur’ān …’; it consists of 43, 44, 45 or 46 verses.
القرآن:١٢:١١١ –

لَقَدْ كَانَ فِي قَصَصِهِمْ عِبْرَةٌ لِأُولِي الْأَلْبَابِ ۗ مَا كَانَ حَدِيثًا يُفْتَرَىٰ وَلَٰكِنْ تَصْدِيقَ الَّذِي بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَتَفْصِيلَ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَهُدًى وَرَحْمَةً لِقَوْمٍ يُؤْمِنُونَ  

{لقد كان في قصصهم} أي الرسل {عبرة لأولي الألباب} أصحاب العقول {ما كان} هذا القرآن {حديثا يفترى} يختلق {ولكن} كان {تصديق الذي بين يديه} قبله من الكتب {وتفصيل} تبيين {كل شيء} يحتاج إليه في الدين {وهدى} من الضلالة {ورحمة لقوم يؤمنون} خصوا بالذكر لانتفاعهم به دون غيرهم.