(wife of the Prophet) Since I reached the age when I could remember things, I have seen my parents worshipping according to the right faith of Islam. Not a single day passed but Messenger of Allah ﷺ visited us both in the morning and in the evening. When the Muslims were persecuted, Abu Bakr set out for Ethiopia as an emigrant. When he reached a place called Bark-al-Ghimad, he met Ibn Ad-Daghna, the chief of the Qara tribe, who asked Abu Bakr, "Where are you going?" Abu Bakr said, "My people have turned me out of the country and I would like to tour the world and worship my Lord." Ibn Ad- Daghna said, "A man like you will not go out, nor will he be turned out as you help the poor earn their living, keep good relation with your Kith and kin, help the disabled (or the dependents), provide guests with food and shelter, and help people during their troubles. I am your protector. So, go back and worship your Lord at your home." Ibn Ad-Daghna went along with Abu Bakr and took him to the chiefs of Quraish saying to them, "A man like Abu Bakr will not go out, nor will he be turned out. Do you turn out a man who helps the poor earn their living, keeps good relations with Kith and kin, helps the disabled, provides guests with food and shelter, and helps the people during their troubles?" So, Quraish allowed Ibn Ad-Daghna's guarantee of protection and told Abu- Bakr that he was secure, and said to Ibn Ad-Daghna, "Advise Abu Bakr to worship his Lord in his house and to pray and read what he liked and not to hurt us and not to do these things publicly, for we fear that our sons and women may follow him." Ibn Ad-Daghna told Abu Bakr of all that, so Abu- Bakr continued worshipping his Lord in his house and did not pray or recite Qur'an aloud except in his house. Later on Abu Bakr had an idea of building a mosque in the court yard of his house. He fulfilled that idea and started praying and reciting Qur'an there publicly. The women and the offspring of the pagans started gathering around him and looking at him astonishingly. Abu Bakr was a softhearted person and could not help weeping while reciting Qur'an. This horrified the pagan chiefs of Quraish. They sent for Ibn Ad-Daghna and when he came, they said, "We have given Abu Bakr protection on condition that he will worship his Lord in his house, but he has transgressed that condition and has built a mosque in the court yard of his house and offered his prayer and recited Qur'an in public. We are afraid lest he mislead our women and offspring. So, go to him and tell him that if he wishes he can worship his Lord in his house only, and if not, then tell him to return your pledge of protection as we do not like to betray you by revoking your pledge, nor can we tolerate Abu Bakr's public declaration of Islam (his worshipping). ʿAisha added: Ibn Ad-Daghna came to Abu Bakr and said, "You know the conditions on which I gave you protection, so you should either abide by those conditions or revoke my protection, as I do not like to hear the 'Arabs saying that Ibn Ad-Daghna gave the pledge of protection to a person and his people did not respect it." Abu Bakr said, "I revoke your pledge of protection and am satisfied with Allah's protection." At that time Messenger of Allah ﷺ was still in Mecca and he said to his companions, "Your place of emigration has been shown to me. I have seen salty land, planted with date-palms and situated between two mountains which are the two ,Harras." So, when the Prophet ﷺ told it, some of the companions migrated to Medina, and some of those who had migrated to Ethiopia returned to Medina. When Abu Bakr prepared for emigration, Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him, "Wait, for I expect to be permitted to emigrate." Abu Bakr asked, "May my father be sacrificed for your sake, do you really expect that?" Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied in the affirmative. So, Abu Bakr postponed his departure in order to accompany Messenger of Allah ﷺ and fed two camels which he had, with the leaves of Samor trees for four months.  

أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ ؓ زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَتْ لَمْ أَعْقِلْ أَبَوَىَّ إِلاَّ وَهُمَا يَدِينَانِ الدِّينَ وَقَالَ أَبُو صَالِحٍ حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ عَنْ يُونُسَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ ؓ قَالَتْ لَمْ أَعْقِلْ أَبَوَىَّ قَطُّ إِلاَّ وَهُمَا يَدِينَانِ الدِّينَ وَلَمْ يَمُرَّ عَلَيْنَا يَوْمٌ إِلاَّ يَأْتِينَا فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ طَرَفَىِ النَّهَارِ بُكْرَةً وَعَشِيَّةً فَلَمَّا ابْتُلِيَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ خَرَجَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُهَاجِرًا قِبَلَ الْحَبَشَةِ حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغَ بَرْكَ الْغِمَادِ لَقِيَهُ ابْنُ الدَّغِنَةِ وَهْوَ سَيِّدُ الْقَارَةِ فَقَالَ أَيْنَ تُرِيدُ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَخْرَجَنِي قَوْمِي فَأَنَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَسِيحَ فِي الأَرْضِ فَأَعْبُدَ رَبِّي قَالَ ابْنُ الدَّغِنَةِ إِنَّ مِثْلَكَ لاَ يَخْرُجُ وَلاَ يُخْرَجُ فَإِنَّكَ تَكْسِبُ الْمَعْدُومَ وَتَصِلُ الرَّحِمَ وَتَحْمِلُ الْكَلَّ وَتَقْرِي الضَّيْفَ وَتُعِينُ عَلَى نَوَائِبِ الْحَقِّ وَأَنَا لَكَ جَارٌ فَارْجِعْ فَاعْبُدْ رَبَّكَ بِبِلاَدِكَ فَارْتَحَلَ ابْنُ الدَّغِنَةِ فَرَجَعَ مَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَطَافَ فِي أَشْرَافِ كُفَّارِ قُرَيْشٍ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ لاَ يَخْرُجُ مِثْلُهُ وَلاَ يُخْرَجُ أَتُخْرِجُونَ رَجُلاً يُكْسِبُ الْمَعْدُومَ وَيَصِلُ الرَّحِمَ وَيَحْمِلُ الْكَلَّ وَيَقْرِي الضَّيْفَ وَيُعِينُ عَلَى نَوَائِبِ الْحَقِّ فَأَنْفَذَتْ قُرَيْشٌ جِوَارَ ابْنِ الدَّغِنَةِ وَآمَنُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَقَالُوا لاِبْنِ الدَّغِنَةِ مُرْ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَلْيَعْبُدْ رَبَّهُ فِي دَارِهِ فَلْيُصَلِّ وَلْيَقْرَأْ مَا شَاءَ وَلاَ يُؤْذِينَا بِذَلِكَ وَلاَ يَسْتَعْلِنْ بِهِ فَإِنَّا قَدْ خَشِينَا أَنْ يَفْتِنَ أَبْنَاءَنَا وَنِسَاءَنَا قَالَ ذَلِكَ ابْنُ الدَّغِنَةِ لأَبِي بَكْرٍ فَطَفِقَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَعْبُدُ رَبَّهُ فِي دَارِهِ وَلاَ يَسْتَعْلِنُ بِالصَّلاَةِ وَلاَ الْقِرَاءَةِ فِي غَيْرِ دَارِهِ ثُمَّ بَدَا لأَبِي بَكْرٍ فَابْتَنَى مَسْجِدًا بِفِنَاءِ دَارِهِ وَبَرَزَ فَكَانَ يُصَلِّي فِيهِ وَيَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ فَيَتَقَصَّفُ عَلَيْهِ نِسَاءُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَأَبْنَاؤُهُمْ يَعْجَبُونَ وَيَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيْهِ وَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَجُلاً بَكَّاءً لاَ يَمْلِكُ دَمْعَهُ حِينَ يَقْرَأُ الْقُرْآنَ فَأَفْزَعَ ذَلِكَ أَشْرَافَ قُرَيْشٍ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَأَرْسَلُوا إِلَى ابْنِ الدَّغِنَةِ فَقَدِمَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَالُوا لَهُ إِنَّا كُنَّا أَجَرْنَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ عَلَى أَنْ يَعْبُدَ رَبَّهُ فِي دَارِهِ وَإِنَّهُ جَاوَزَ ذَلِكَ فَابْتَنَى مَسْجِدًا بِفِنَاءِ دَارِهِ وَأَعْلَنَ الصَّلاَةَ وَالْقِرَاءَةَ وَقَدْ خَشِينَا أَنْ يَفْتِنَ أَبْنَاءَنَا وَنِسَاءَنَا فَأْتِهِ فَإِنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَقْتَصِرَ عَلَى أَنْ يَعْبُدَ رَبَّهُ فِي دَارِهِ فَعَلَ وَإِنْ أَبَى إِلاَّ أَنْ يُعْلِنَ ذَلِكَ فَسَلْهُ أَنْ يَرُدَّ إِلَيْكَ ذِمَّتَكَ فَإِنَّا كَرِهْنَا أَنْ نُخْفِرَكَ وَلَسْنَا مُقِرِّينَ لأَبِي بَكْرٍ الاِسْتِعْلاَنَ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ فَأَتَى ابْنُ الدَّغِنَةِ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ قَدْ عَلِمْتَ الَّذِي عَقَدْتُ لَكَ عَلَيْهِ فَإِمَّا أَنْ تَقْتَصِرَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَإِمَّا أَنْ تَرُدَّ إِلَىَّ ذِمَّتِي فَإِنِّي لاَ أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَسْمَعَ الْعَرَبُ أَنِّي أُخْفِرْتُ فِي رَجُلٍ عَقَدْتُ لَهُ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِنِّي أَرُدُّ إِلَيْكَ جِوَارَكَ وَأَرْضَى بِجِوَارِ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَئِذٍ بِمَكَّةَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ أُرِيتُ دَارَ هِجْرَتِكُمْ رَأَيْتُ سَبْخَةً ذَاتَ نَخْلٍ بَيْنَ لاَبَتَيْنِ وَهُمَا الْحَرَّتَانِ فَهَاجَرَ مَنْ هَاجَرَ قِبَلَ الْمَدِينَةِ حِينَ ذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَرَجَعَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ بَعْضُ مَنْ كَانَ هَاجَرَ إِلَى أَرْضِ الْحَبَشَةِ وَتَجَهَّزَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُهَاجِرًا فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى رِسْلِكَ فَإِنِّي أَرْجُو أَنْ يُؤْذَنَ لِي قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ هَلْ تَرْجُو ذَلِكَ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَحَبَسَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ نَفْسَهُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِيَصْحَبَهُ وَعَلَفَ رَاحِلَتَيْنِ كَانَتَا عِنْدَهُ وَرَقَ السَّمُرِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ  

(the wife of the Prophet) Messenger of Allah ﷺ died while Abu Bakr was at a place called As-Sunah (Al-'Aliya) 'Umar stood up and said, "By Allah! Messenger of Allah ﷺ is not dead!" 'Umar (later on) said, "By Allah! Nothing occurred to my mind except that." He said, "Verily! Allah will resurrect him and he will cut the hands and legs of some men." Then Abu Bakr came and uncovered the face of Messenger of Allah ﷺ, kissed him and said, "Let my mother and father be sacrificed for you, (O Messenger of Allah ﷺ), you are good in life and in death. By Allah in Whose Hands my life is, Allah will never make you taste death twice." Then he went out and said, "O oath-taker! Don't be hasty." When Abu Bakr spoke, 'Umar sat down. Abu Bakr praised and glorified Allah and said, No doubt! Whoever worshipped Muhammad, then Muhammad is dead, but whoever worshipped Allah, then Allah is Alive and shall never die." Then he recited Allah's Statement.:-- "(O Muhammad) Verily you will die, and they also will die." (39.30) He also recited:-- "Muhammad is no more than an Apostle; and indeed many Apostles have passed away, before him, If he dies Or is killed, will you then Turn back on your heels? And he who turns back On his heels, not the least Harm will he do to Allah And Allah will give reward to those Who are grateful." (3.144) The people wept loudly, and the Ansar were assembled with Sad bin 'Ubada in the shed of Bani Saida. They said (to the emigrants). "There should be one 'Amir from us and one from you." Then Abu Bakr, Umar bin Al-Khattab and Abu 'baida bin Al-Jarrah went to them. 'Umar wanted to speak but Abu Bakr stopped him. 'Umar later on used to say, "By Allah, I intended only to say something that appealed to me and I was afraid that Abu Bakr would not speak so well. Then Abu Bakr spoke and his speech was very eloquent. He said in his statement, "We are the rulers and you (Ansars) are the ministers (i.e. advisers)," Hubab bin Al-Mundhir said, "No, by Allah we won't accept this. But there must be a ruler from us and a ruler from you." Abu Bakr said, "No, we will be the rulers and you will be the ministers, for they (i.e. Quarish) are the best family amongst the 'Arabs and of best origin. So you should elect either 'Umar or Abu 'Ubaida bin Al-Jarrah as your ruler." 'Umar said (to Abu Bakr), "No but we elect you, for you are our chief and the best amongst us and the most beloved of all of us to Messenger of Allah ﷺ." So 'Umar took Abu Bakr's hand and gave the pledge of allegiance and the people too gave the pledge of allegiance to Abu Bakr. Someone said, "You have killed Sad bin Ubada." 'Umar said, "Allah has killed him."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَاتَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ بِالسُّنْحِ قَالَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ يَعْنِي بِالْعَالِيَةِ فَقَامَ عُمَرُ يَقُولُ وَاللَّهِ مَا مَاتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَتْ وَقَالَ عُمَرُ وَاللَّهِ مَا كَانَ يَقَعُ فِي نَفْسِي إِلاَّ ذَاكَ وَلَيَبْعَثَنَّهُ اللَّهُ فَلَيَقْطَعَنَّ أَيْدِيَ رِجَالٍ وَأَرْجُلَهُمْ فَجَاءَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَكَشَفَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَبَّلَهُ قَالَ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي طِبْتَ حَيًّا وَمَيِّتًا وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لاَ يُذِيقُكَ اللَّهُ الْمَوْتَتَيْنِ أَبَدًا ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا الْحَالِفُ عَلَى رِسْلِكَ فَلَمَّا تَكَلَّمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ جَلَسَ عُمَرُ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَ أَلاَ مَنْ كَانَ يَعْبُدُ مُحَمَّدًا ﷺ فَإِنَّ مُحَمَّدًا قَدْ مَاتَ وَمَنْ كَانَ يَعْبُدُ اللَّهَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ حَىٌّ لاَ يَمُوتُ وَقَالَ {إِنَّكَ مَيِّتٌ وَإِنَّهُمْ مَيِّتُونَ} وَقَالَ {وَمَا مُحَمَّدٌ إِلاَّ رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ أَفَإِنْ مَاتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ انْقَلَبْتُمْ عَلَى أَعْقَابِكُمْ وَمَنْ يَنْقَلِبْ عَلَى عَقِبَيْهِ فَلَنْ يَضُرَّ اللَّهَ شَيْئًا وَسَيَجْزِي اللَّهُ الشَّاكِرِينَ} قَالَ فَنَشَجَ النَّاسُ يَبْكُونَ قَالَ وَاجْتَمَعَتِ الأَنْصَارُ إِلَى سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ فِي سَقِيفَةِ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ فَقَالُوا مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَمِنْكُمْ أَمِيرٌ فَذَهَبَ إِلَيْهِمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ وَأَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ فَذَهَبَ عُمَرُ يَتَكَلَّمُ فَأَسْكَتَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَكَانَ عُمَرُ يَقُولُ وَاللَّهِ مَا أَرَدْتُ بِذَلِكَ إِلاَّ أَنِّي قَدْ هَيَّأْتُ كَلاَمًا قَدْ أَعْجَبَنِي خَشِيتُ أَنْ لاَ يَبْلُغَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ثُمَّ تَكَلَّمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَتَكَلَّمَ أَبْلَغَ النَّاسِ فَقَالَ فِي كَلاَمِهِ نَحْنُ الأُمَرَاءُ وَأَنْتُمُ الْوُزَرَاءُ فَقَالَ حُبَابُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ لاَ وَاللَّهِ لاَ نَفْعَلُ مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَمِنْكُمْ أَمِيرٌ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لاَ وَلَكِنَّا الأُمَرَاءُ وَأَنْتُمُ الْوُزَرَاءُ هُمْ أَوْسَطُ الْعَرَبِ دَارًا وَأَعْرَبُهُمْ أَحْسَابًا فَبَايِعُوا عُمَرَ أَوْ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بَلْ نُبَايِعُكَ أَنْتَ فَأَنْتَ سَيِّدُنَا وَخَيْرُنَا وَأَحَبُّنَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَخَذَ عُمَرُ بِيَدِهِ فَبَايَعَهُ وَبَايَعَهُ النَّاسُ فَقَالَ قَائِلٌ قَتَلْتُمْ سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ قَتَلَهُ اللَّهُ  

that Fāṭimah, the daughter of the Prophet ﷺ, sent someone to Abū Bakr asking for her inheritance of what the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had left of the property bestowed upon him by Allah from the Faīʾ (booty gained without battle) in Madinah, and Fadak and what remained of the khumus (one-fifth) of the Khaybar booty. Abū Bakr then said: the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There is not inheritance for us: whatever we leave behind is ṣadaqah (charity), however the family of Muḥammad can take from this property." By Allah, I will not change a thing in the current state of the ṣadaqah of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and will leave it as it was during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and I will certainly ˹continue˺ to do with it as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to do.

Thus Abū Bakr refused to give anything of that to Fāṭimah. So Fāṭimah became angry with Abū Bakr and kept away from him, and did not speak to him until she died and she remained alive for six months after the passing of the Prophet ﷺ. When she died, her husband ʿAlī buried her at night without informing Abū Bakr and he offered the ˹funeral˺ prayer upon her.

When Fāṭimah was alive, people used to respect ʿAlī, but after her death, ʿAli noticed a change in the people's attitude towards him. So ʿAli sought reconciliation with Abu Bakr and gave him an oath of allegiance. ʿAli had not given the oath of allegiance during those months (i.e. the period between the Prophet's death and Fatima's death). ʿAli sent someone to Abu Bakr saying, "Come to us, but let nobody come with you," as he disliked that ʿUmar should come, ʿUmar said (to Abu Bakr), "No, by Allah, you shall not enter upon them alone " Abu Bakr said, "What do you think they will do to me? By Allah, I will go to them' So Abu Bakr entered upon them, and then ʿAli uttered Tashah-hud and said (to Abu Bakr), "We know well your superiority and what Allah has given you, and we are not jealous of the good what Allah has bestowed upon you, but you did not consult us in the question of the rule and we thought that we have got a right in it because of our near relationship to Messenger of Allah ﷺ ." Thereupon Abu Bakr's eyes flowed with tears. And when Abu Bakr spoke, he said, "By Him in Whose Hand my soul is to keep good relations with the relatives of Messenger of Allah ﷺ is dearer to me than to keep good relations with my own relatives. But as for the trouble which arose between me and you about his property, I will do my best to spend it according to what is good, and will not leave any rule or regulation which I saw Messenger of Allah ﷺ following, in disposing of it, but I will follow." On that ʿAli said to Abu Bakr, "I promise to give you the oath of allegiance in this after noon." So when Abu Bakr had offered the Zuhr prayer, he ascended the pulpit and uttered the Tashah-hud and then mentioned the story of ʿAli and his failure to give the oath of allegiance, and excused him, accepting what excuses he had offered; Then ʿAli (got up) and praying (to Allah) for forgiveness, he uttered Tashah-hud, praised Abu Bakr's right, and said, that he had not done what he had done because of jealousy of Abu Bakr or as a protest of that Allah had favored him with. ʿAli added, "But we used to consider that we too had some right in this affair (of rulership) and that he (i.e. Abu Bakr) did not consult us in this matter, and therefore caused us to feel sorry." On that all the Muslims became happy and said, "You have done the right thing." The Muslims then became friendly with ʿAli as he returned to what the people had done (i.e. giving the oath of allegiance to Abu Bakr).  

أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ عَلَيْهَا السَّلاَمُ بِنْتَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَرْسَلَتْ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ تَسْأَلُهُ مِيرَاثَهَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِمَّا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَفَدَكَ وَمَا بَقِيَ مِنْ خُمُسِ خَيْبَرَ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: «لاَ نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ إِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ فِي هَذَا الْمَالِ۔» وَإِنِّي وَاللَّهِ لاَ أُغَيِّرُ شَيْئًا مِنْ صَدَقَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ حَالِهَا الَّتِي كَانَ عَلَيْهَا فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَلأَعْمَلَنَّ فِيهَا بِمَا عَمِلَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ۔

فَأَبَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنْ يَدْفَعَ إِلَى فَاطِمَةَ مِنْهَا شَيْئًا. فَوَجَدَتْ فَاطِمَةُ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ فِي ذَلِكَ فَهَجَرَتْهُ فَلَمْ تُكَلِّمْهُ حَتَّى تُوُفِّيَتْ وَعَاشَتْ بَعْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ سِتَّةَ أَشْهُرٍ۔ فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَتْ دَفَنَهَا زَوْجُهَا عَلِيٌّ لَيْلاً وَلَمْ يُؤْذِنْ بِهَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَصَلَّى عَلَيْهَا۔

وَكَانَ لِعَلِيٍّ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَجْهٌ حَيَاةَ فَاطِمَةَ فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَتِ اسْتَنْكَرَ عَلِيٌّ وُجُوهَ النَّاسِ فَالْتَمَسَ مُصَالَحَةَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَمُبَايَعَتَهُ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ يُبَايِعُ تِلْكَ الأَشْهُرَ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَنِ ائْتِنَا وَلاَ يَأْتِنَا أَحَدٌ مَعَكَ كَرَاهِيَةً لِمَحْضَرِ عُمَرَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لاَ وَاللَّهِ لاَ تَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَحْدَكَ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَمَا عَسَيْتَهُمْ أَنْ يَفْعَلُوا بِي وَاللَّهِ لآتِيَنَّهُمْ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَتَشَهَّدَ عَلِيٌّ فَقَالَ إِنَّا قَدْ عَرَفْنَا فَضْلَكَ وَمَا أَعْطَاكَ اللَّهُ وَلَمْ نَنْفَسْ عَلَيْكَ خَيْرًا سَاقَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْكَ وَلَكِنَّكَ اسْتَبْدَدْتَ عَلَيْنَا بِالأَمْرِ وَكُنَّا نَرَى لِقَرَابَتِنَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَصِيبًا حَتَّى فَاضَتْ عَيْنَا أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَلَمَّا تَكَلَّمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ قَالَ وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَقَرَابَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَحَبُّ إِلَىَّ أَنْ أَصِلَ مِنْ قَرَابَتِي وَأَمَّا الَّذِي شَجَرَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكُمْ مِنْ هَذِهِ الأَمْوَالِ فَلَمْ آلُ فِيهَا عَنِ الْخَيْرِ وَلَمْ أَتْرُكْ أَمْرًا رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَصْنَعُهُ فِيهَا إِلاَّ صَنَعْتُهُ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ لأَبِي بَكْرٍ مَوْعِدُكَ الْعَشِيَّةُ لِلْبَيْعَةِ فَلَمَّا صَلَّى أَبُو بَكْرٍ الظُّهْرَ رَقِيَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ فَتَشَهَّدَ وَذَكَرَ شَأْنَ عَلِيٍّ وَتَخَلُّفَهُ عَنِ الْبَيْعَةِ وَعُذْرَهُ بِالَّذِي اعْتَذَرَ إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ اسْتَغْفَرَ وَتَشَهَّدَ عَلِيٌّ فَعَظَّمَ حَقَّ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَحَدَّثَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَحْمِلْهُ عَلَى الَّذِي صَنَعَ نَفَاسَةً عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَلاَ إِنْكَارًا لِلَّذِي فَضَّلَهُ اللَّهُ بِهِ وَلَكِنَّا نَرَى لَنَا فِي هَذَا الأَمْرِ نَصِيبًا فَاسْتَبَدَّ عَلَيْنَا فَوَجَدْنَا فِي أَنْفُسِنَا فَسُرَّ بِذَلِكَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ وَقَالُوا أَصَبْتَ وَكَانَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ قَرِيبًا حِينَ رَاجَعَ الأَمْرَ الْمَعْرُوفَ  

When it was the day on which the Battle of Badr was fought, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ cast a glance at the infidels, and they were one thousand while his own Companions were three hundred and nineteen. The Prophet ﷺ turned (his face) towards the Qibla. Then he stretched his hands and began his supplication to his Lord: "O Allah, accomplish for me what Thou hast promised to me. O Allah, bring about what Thou hast promised to me. O Allah, if this small band of Muslims is destroyed. Thou will not be worshipped on this earth." He continued his supplication to his Lord, stretching his hands, facing the Qibla, until his mantle slipped down from his shoulders. So Abu Bakr came to him, picked up his mantle and put it on his shoulders. Then he embraced him from behind and said: Prophet of Allah, this prayer of yours to your Lord will suffice you, and He will fulfill for you what He has promised you. So Allah, the Glorious and Exalted, revealed (the Qur'anic verse): "When ye appealed to your Lord for help, He responded to your call (saying): I will help you with one thousand angels coming in succession." So Allah helped him with angels. Abu Zumail said that the hadith was narrated to him by Ibn ʿAbbas who said: While on that day a Muslim was chasing a disbeliever who was going ahead of him, he heard over him the swishing of the whip and the voice of the rider saying: Go ahead, Haizum! He glanced at the polytheist who had (now) fallen down on his back. When he looked at him (carefully he found that) there was a scar on his nose and his face was torn as if it had been lashed with a whip, and had turned green with its poison. An Ansari came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and related this (event) to him. He said: You have told the truth. This was the help from the third heaven. The Muslims that day (i.e. the day of the Battle of Badr) killed seventy persons and captured seventy. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Abu Bakr and ʿUmar (Allah be pleased with them): What is your opinion about these captives? Abu Bakr said: They are our kith and kin. I think you should release them after getting from them a ransom. This will be a source of strength to us against the infidels. It is quite possible that Allah may guide them to Islam. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: What is your opinion, Ibn Khattab? He said: Messenger of Allah, I do not hold the same opinion as Abu Bakr. I am of the opinion that you should hand them over to us so that we may cut off their heads. Hand over ʿAqil to ʿAli that he may cut off his head, and hand over such and such relative to me that I may cut off his head. They are leaders of the disbelievers and veterans among them. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ approved the opinion of Abu Bakr and did not approve what I said. The next day when I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, I found that both he and Abu Bakr were sitting shedding tears. I said: Messenger of Allah, why are you and your Companion shedding tears? Tell me the reason. For I will weep, or I will at least pretend to weep in sympathy with you. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: I weep for what has happened to your companions for taking ransom (from the prisoners). I was shown the torture to which they were subjected. It was brought to me as close as this tree. (He pointed to a tree close to him.) Then God revealed the verse: "It is not befitting for a prophet that he should take prisoners until the force of the disbelievers has been crushed..." to the end of the verse: "so eat ye the spoils of war, (it is) lawful and pure. So Allah made booty lawful for them."  

لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ نَظَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَهُمْ أَلْفٌ وَأَصْحَابُهُ ثَلاَثُمِائَةٍ وَتِسْعَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلاً فَاسْتَقْبَلَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْقِبْلَةَ ثُمَّ مَدَّ يَدَيْهِ فَجَعَلَ يَهْتِفُ بِرَبِّهِ اللَّهُمَّ أَنْجِزْ لِي مَا وَعَدْتَنِي اللَّهُمَّ آتِ مَا وَعَدْتَنِي اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ تَهْلِكْ هَذِهِ الْعِصَابَةُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الإِسْلاَمِ لاَ تُعْبَدْ فِي الأَرْضِ فَمَازَالَ يَهْتِفُ بِرَبِّهِ مَادًّا يَدَيْهِ مُسْتَقْبِلَ الْقِبْلَةِ حَتَّى سَقَطَ رِدَاؤُهُ عَنْ مَنْكِبَيْهِ فَأَتَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَأَخَذَ رِدَاءَهُ فَأَلْقَاهُ عَلَى مَنْكِبَيْهِ ثُمَّ الْتَزَمَهُ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ وَقَالَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ كَذَاكَ مُنَاشَدَتُكَ رَبَّكَ فَإِنَّهُ سَيُنْجِزُ لَكَ مَا وَعَدَكَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷻ { إِذْ تَسْتَغِيثُونَ رَبَّكُمْ فَاسْتَجَابَ لَكُمْ أَنِّي مُمِدُّكُمْ بِأَلْفٍ مِنَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ مُرْدِفِينَ} فَأَمَدَّهُ اللَّهُ بِالْمَلاَئِكَةِ قَالَ أَبُو زُمَيْلٍ فَحَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ بَيْنَمَا رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يَوْمَئِذٍ يَشْتَدُّ فِي أَثَرِ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ أَمَامَهُ إِذْ سَمِعَ ضَرْبَةً بِالسَّوْطِ فَوْقَهُ وَصَوْتَ الْفَارِسِ يَقُولُ أَقْدِمْ حَيْزُومُ فَنَظَرَ إِلَى الْمُشْرِكِ أَمَامَهُ فَخَرَّ مُسْتَلْقِيًا فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ فَإِذَا هُوَ قَدْ خُطِمَ أَنْفُهُ وَشُقَّ وَجْهُهُ كَضَرْبَةِ السَّوْطِ فَاخْضَرَّ ذَلِكَ أَجْمَعُ فَجَاءَ الأَنْصَارِيُّ فَحَدَّثَ بِذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ صَدَقْتَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ مَدَدِ السَّمَاءِ الثَّالِثَةِ فَقَتَلُوا يَوْمَئِذٍ سَبْعِينَ وَأَسَرُوا سَبْعِينَ قَالَ أَبُو زُمَيْلٍ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَلَمَّا أَسَرُوا الأُسَارَى قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ مَا تَرَوْنَ فِي هَؤُلاَءِ الأُسَارَى فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ هُمْ بَنُو الْعَمِّ وَالْعَشِيرَةِ أَرَى أَنْ تَأْخُذَ مِنْهُمْ فِدْيَةً فَتَكُونُ لَنَا قُوَّةً عَلَى الْكُفَّارِ فَعَسَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَهْدِيَهُمْ لِلإِسْلاَمِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا تَرَى يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ قُلْتُ لاَ وَاللَّهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا أَرَى الَّذِي رَأَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَلَكِنِّي أَرَى أَنْ تُمَكِّنَّا فَنَضْرِبَ أَعْنَاقَهُمْ فَتُمَكِّنَ عَلِيًّا مِنْ عَقِيلٍ فَيَضْرِبَ عُنُقَهُ وَتُمَكِّنِّي مِنْ فُلاَنٍ نَسِيبًا لِعُمَرَ فَأَضْرِبَ عُنُقَهُ فَإِنَّ هَؤُلاَءِ أَئِمَّةُ الْكُفْرِ وَصَنَادِيدُهَا فَهَوِيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَلَمْ يَهْوَ مَا قُلْتُ فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ جِئْتُ فَإِذَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ قَاعِدَيْنِ يَبْكِيَانِ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَخْبِرْنِي مِنْ أَىِّ شَىْءٍ تَبْكِي أَنْتَ وَصَاحِبُكَ فَإِنْ وَجَدْتُ بُكَاءً بَكَيْتُ وَإِنْ لَمْ أَجِدْ بُكَاءً تَبَاكَيْتُ لِبُكَائِكُمَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَبْكِي لِلَّذِي عَرَضَ عَلَىَّ أَصْحَابُكَ مِنْ أَخْذِهِمُ الْفِدَاءَ لَقَدْ عُرِضَ عَلَىَّ عَذَابُهُمْ أَدْنَى مِنْ هَذِهِ الشَّجَرَةِ شَجَرَةٍ قَرِيبَةٍ مِنْ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷻ { مَا كَانَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ أَسْرَى حَتَّى يُثْخِنَ فِي الأَرْضِ} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ { فَكُلُوا مِمَّا غَنِمْتُمْ حَلاَلاً طَيِّبًا} فَأَحَلَّ اللَّهُ الْغَنِيمَةَ لَهُمْ  

AbdulMuttalib ibn Rabi'ah ibn al-Harith said that his father, Rabi'ah ibn al-Harith, and Abbas ibn al-Muttalib said to AbdulMuttalib ibn Rabi'ah and al-Fadl ibn Abbas: Go to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and tell him: Messenger of Allah, we are now of age as you see, and we wish to marry. Messenger of Allah, you are the kindest of the people and the most skilled in matchmaking. Our fathers have nothing with which to pay our dower. So appoint us collector of sadaqah (zakat), Messenger of Allah, and we shall give you what the other collectors give you, and we shall have the benefit accruing from it. Ali came to us while we were in this condition. He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: No, I swear by Allah, he will not appoint any of you collector of sadaqah (zakat). Rabi'ah said to him: This is your condition; you have gained your relationship with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ by marriage, but we did not grudge you that. Ali then put his cloak on the earth and lay on it. He then said: I am the father of Hasan, the chief. I swear by Allah, I shall not leave this place until your sons come with a reply (to the question) for which you have sent them to the Prophet ﷺ. AbdulMuttalib said: So I and al-Fadl went towards the door of the apartment of the Prophet ﷺ. We found that the noon prayer in congregation had already started. So we prayed along with the people. I and al-Fadl then hastened towards the door of the apartment of the Prophet ﷺ. He was (staying) with Zaynab, daughter of Jahsh, that day. We stood until the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came. He caught my ear and the ear of al-Fadl. He then said: Reveal what you conceal in your hearts. He then entered and permitted me and al-Fadl (to enter). So we entered and for a little while we asked each other to talk. I then talked to him, or al-Fadl talked to him (the narrator, Abdullah was not sure). He said: He spoke to him concerning the matter about which our fathers ordered us to ask him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ remained silent for a moment and raised his eyes towards the ceiling of the room. He took so long that we thought he would not give any reply to us. Meanwhile we saw that Zaynab was signalling to us with her hand from behind the veil, asking us not to be in a hurry, and that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was (thinking) about our matter. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then lowered his head and said to us: This sadaqah (zakat) is a dirt of the people. It is legal neither for Muhammad nor for the family of Muhammad. Call Nawfal ibn al-Harith to me. So Nawfal ibn al-Harith was called to him. He said: Nawfal, marry AbdulMuttalib (to your daughter). So Nawfal married me (to his daughter). The Prophet ﷺ then said: Call Mahmiyyah ibn Jaz'i to me. He was a man of Banu Zubayd, whom the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had appointed collector of the fifths. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Mahmiyyah: Marry al-Fadl (to your daughter). So he married him to her. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Stand up and pay the dower from the fifth so-and-so on their behalf. Abdullah ibn al-Harith did not name it (i.e. the amount of the dower).  

أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ أَبَاهُ رَبِيعَةَ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ وَعَبَّاسَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ قَالاَ لِعَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ وَلِلْفَضْلِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ائْتِيَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقُولاَ لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَدْ بَلَغْنَا مِنَ السِّنِّ مَا تَرَى وَأَحْبَبْنَا أَنْ نَتَزَوَّجَ وَأَنْتَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَبَرُّ النَّاسِ وَأَوْصَلُهُمْ وَلَيْسَ عِنْدَ أَبَوَيْنَا مَا يُصْدِقَانِ عَنَّا فَاسْتَعْمِلْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ عَلَى الصَّدَقَاتِ فَلْنُؤَدِّ إِلَيْكَ مَا يُؤَدِّي الْعُمَّالُ وَلْنُصِبْ مَا كَانَ فِيهَا مِنْ مِرْفَقٍ قَالَ فَأَتَى إِلَيْنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَنَحْنُ عَلَى تِلْكَ الْحَالِ فَقَالَ لَنَا إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ لاَ وَاللَّهِ لاَ نَسْتَعْمِلُ مِنْكُمْ أَحَدًا عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَبِيعَةُ هَذَا مِنْ أَمْرِكَ قَدْ نِلْتَ صِهْرَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَلَمْ نَحْسُدْكَ عَلَيْهِ فَأَلْقَى عَلِيٌّ رِدَاءَهُ ثُمَّ اضْطَجَعَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ أَنَا أَبُو حَسَنٍ الْقَرْمُ وَاللَّهِ لاَ أَرِيمُ حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ إِلَيْكُمَا ابْنَاكُمَا بِجَوَابِ مَا بَعَثْتُمَا بِهِ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ عَبْدُ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَانْطَلَقْتُ أَنَا وَالْفَضْلُ إِلَى بَابِ حُجْرَةِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ حَتَّى نُوَافِقَ صَلاَةَ الظُّهْرِ قَدْ قَامَتْ فَصَلَّيْنَا مَعَ النَّاسِ ثُمَّ أَسْرَعْتُ أَنَا وَالْفَضْلُ إِلَى بَابِ حُجْرَةِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَهُوَ يَوْمَئِذٍ عِنْدَ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ جَحْشٍ فَقُمْنَا بِالْبَابِ حَتَّى أَتَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَخَذَ بِأُذُنِي وَأُذُنِ الْفَضْلِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَخْرِجَا مَا تُصَرِّرَانِ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ فَأَذِنَ لِي وَلِلْفَضْلِ فَدَخَلْنَا فَتَوَاكَلْنَا الْكَلاَمَ قَلِيلاً ثُمَّ كَلَّمْتُهُ أَوْ كَلَّمَهُ الْفَضْلُ قَدْ شَكَّ فِي ذَلِكَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ قَالَ كَلَّمَهُ بِالأَمْرِ الَّذِي أَمَرَنَا بِهِ أَبَوَانَا فَسَكَتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ سَاعَةً وَرَفَعَ بَصَرَهُ قِبَلَ سَقْفِ الْبَيْتِ حَتَّى طَالَ عَلَيْنَا أَنَّهُ لاَ يَرْجِعُ إِلَيْنَا شَيْئًا حَتَّى رَأَيْنَا زَيْنَبَ تَلْمَعُ مِنْ وَرَاءِ الْحِجَابِ بِيَدِهَا تُرِيدُ أَنْ لاَ تَعْجَلاَ وَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي أَمْرِنَا ثُمَّ خَفَّضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَأْسَهُ فَقَالَ لَنَا إِنَّ هَذِهِ الصَّدَقَةَ إِنَّمَا هِيَ أَوْسَاخُ النَّاسِ وَإِنَّهَا لاَ تَحِلُّ لِمُحَمَّدٍ وَلاَ لآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ ادْعُوا لِي نَوْفَلَ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ فَدُعِيَ لَهُ نَوْفَلُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ فَقَالَ يَا نَوْفَلُ أَنْكِحْ عَبْدَ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَأَنْكَحَنِي نَوْفَلٌ ثُمَّ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ ادْعُوا لِي مَحْمِيَةَ بْنَ جَزْءٍ وَهُوَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي زُبَيْدٍ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ اسْتَعْمَلَهُ عَلَى الأَخْمَاسِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِمَحْمِيَةَ أَنْكِحِ الْفَضْلَ فَأَنْكَحَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قُمْ فَأَصْدِقْ عَنْهُمَا مِنَ الْخُمُسِ كَذَا وَكَذَا لَمْ يُسَمِّهِ لِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ  

Ibn ʿAbbas said: “We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when ʿAli bin Abi Talib came to him, and he said: ‘May my father and mother be ransomed for you! This Qur’an has suddenly left my heart, and I do not find myself capable of it.’ So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him: ‘O Abul-Hasan! Should I not teach you words that Allah shall benefit you with, and benefit whomever you teach, and they will make whatever you have learned in your chest firm?’ He said: ‘Of course, O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, so teach me.’ He ﷺ said: ‘When it is the night of (before) Friday, then if you are able to stand in the last third of the night, then verily it is a witnessed hour, and supplication is answered in it. And my brother Yaʿqub (as) did say to his sons: I shall seek forgiveness for you from my Lord. He said: “Until the night of Friday comes.” So if you are not able, then stand in the middle of it, and if you are not able then stand in the first of it. And pray four Rakʿah. Recite Fatihatul-Kitab (the Opening of the Book) and Surat Ya-Sin in the first Rakʿah, and Fatihatul-Kitab and Ha-Mim Ad-Dukhan in the second Rakʿah, and Fatihatul-Kitab and Alif Lam Mim Tanzil As-Sajdah in the third Rakʿah, and Fatihatul-Kitab and Tabarak Al-Mufassal in the fourth Rakʿah. So when you have finished with the Tasha-hud, then praise Allah and mention Allah’s greatness in an excellent manner, and send Salat upon me - and be excellent in it - and upon the rest of the Prophets. And seek forgiveness for the believing men and the believing women, and for your brothers who have preceded you in faith. Then say in the end of that: “O Allah, have mercy on me by abandonment of sins forever, so long as You keep me remaining. And have mercy on me from taking upon myself what does not concern me, and provide me good sight for what will make You pleased with me. O Allah, Originator of the heavens and the earth, Possessor of glory, and generosity, and honor that is not exceeded. I ask you, O Allah, O Rahman, by Your glory and the light of Your Face, to make my heart constant in remembering Your Book as You taught me, and grant me that I recite it in the manner that will make You pleased with me. O Allah, Originator of the heavens and the earth, Possessor of glory, and generosity, and honor that is not exceeded. I ask you, O Allah, O Rahman, by Your glory and the light of Your Face, to enlighten my sight with Your Book, and make my tongue free with it, and to relieve my heart with it, and to expand my chest with it, and to wash my body with it. For indeed, none aids me upon the truth other than You, and none gives it except You, and there is no might or power except by Allah, the High, the Magnificent. (Allāhummarḥamnī bitarkil-maʿāṣī abadan mā abqaitanī, warḥamnī an atakallafa mā lā yaʿnīnī, warzuqnī ḥusnan-naẓari fī mā yurḍīka ʿannī. Allāhumma badīʿas-samāwāti wal-arḍi dhal-jalāli wal-ikrāmi wal-ʿizzatil-latī lā turāmu, as’aluka yā Allāhu yā Raḥmānu bi-jalālika wa nūri wajhika, an tulzima qalbī ḥifẓa kitābika kamā ʿallamtanī, warzuqnī an atluwahū ʿalan-naḥwil-ladhī yurḍīka ʿannī. Allāhumma badīʿas-samāwāti wal arḍi dhal-jalāli wal-ikrāmi wal ʿizzati-llatī lā turāmu, as’aluka yā Allāhu, yā Raḥmānu bi-jalālika wa nūri wajhika, an tunawwira bi-kitābika baṣarī, wa an tuṭliqa bihī lisānī, wa an tufarrija bihī ʿan qalbī, wa an tashraḥa bihī ṣadrī, wa an taghsila bihī badanī, fa innahu lā yuʿīnunī ʿalal-ḥaqqi ghairuka wa lā yu’tīhi illā anta wa lā ḥawla wa lā quwwata illā billāhil-ʿAliyyil-ʿAẓīm).” O Abul-Hasan! So do this three Fridays, or five, or seven, you will be answered - by the will of Allah - by the One Who sent me with the Truth, it has not failed a believer once.’” ʿAbdullah bin ʿAbbas said: “So, by Allah, ʿAli did not wait but five or seven until [ʿAli] came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in a gathering similar to that and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, indeed I was [a man] in the time that passed, who used to not take except four Ayat or about that much, so when I would recite them to myself they would suddenly depart from me, and today I learn forty Ayat or about that much, and when I recite them to myself, then it is as if the Book of Allah is before my eyes. I used to hear a Hadith and when I would repeat it, it would suddenly depart from me, and today I hear Ahadith, and when I report them, I do not err in a single letter.’ So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said at that point: ‘A believer, by the Lord of the Kaʿbah, O Abul-Hasan.’”  

بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذْ جَاءَهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَقَالَ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي تَفَلَّتَ هَذَا الْقُرْآنُ مِنْ صَدْرِي فَمَا أَجِدُنِي أَقْدِرُ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ أَفَلاَ أُعَلِّمُكَ كَلِمَاتٍ يَنْفَعُكَ اللَّهُ بِهِنَّ وَيَنْفَعُ بِهِنَّ مَنْ عَلَّمْتَهُ وَيُثَبِّتُ مَا تَعَلَّمْتَ فِي صَدْرِكَ قَالَ أَجَلْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَعَلِّمْنِي قَالَ إِذَا كَانَ لَيْلَةُ الْجُمُعَةِ فَإِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ تَقُومَ فِي ثُلُثِ اللَّيْلِ الآخِرِ فَإِنَّهَا سَاعَةٌ مَشْهُودَةٌ وَالدُّعَاءُ فِيهَا مُسْتَجَابٌ وَقَدْ قَالَ أَخِي يَعْقُوبُ لِبَنِيهِ (سوْفَ أَسْتَغْفِرُ لَكُمْ رَبِّي ) يَقُولُ حَتَّى تَأْتِيَ لَيْلَةُ الْجُمُعَةِ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَسْتَطِعْ فَقُمْ فِي وَسَطِهَا فَإِنْ لَمْ تَسْتَطِعْ فَقُمْ فِي أَوَّلِهَا فَصَلِّ أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ تَقْرَأُ فِي الرَّكْعَةِ الأُولَى بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَسُورَةِ يس وَفِي الرَّكْعَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَ( حم ) الدُّخَانَ وَفِي الرَّكْعَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَالم تَنْزِيلُ السَّجْدَةَ وَفِي الرَّكْعَةِ الرَّابِعَةِ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَتَبَارَكَ الْمُفَصَّلَ فَإِذَا فَرَغْتَ مِنَ التَّشَهُّدِ فَاحْمَدِ اللَّهَ وَأَحْسِنِ الثَّنَاءَ عَلَى اللَّهِ وَصَلِّ عَلَىَّ وَأَحْسِنْ وَعَلَى سَائِرِ النَّبِيِّينَ وَاسْتَغْفِرْ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ وَلإِخْوَانِكَ الَّذِينَ سَبَقُوكَ بِالإِيمَانِ ثُمَّ قُلْ فِي آخِرِ ذَلِكَ اللَّهُمَّ ارْحَمْنِي بِتَرْكِ الْمَعَاصِي أَبَدًا مَا أَبْقَيْتَنِي وَارْحَمْنِي أَنْ أَتَكَلَّفَ مَا لاَ يَعْنِينِي وَارْزُقْنِي حُسْنَ النَّظَرِ فِيمَا يُرْضِيكَ عَنِّي اللَّهُمَّ بَدِيعَ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ ذَا الْجَلاَلِ وَالإِكْرَامِ وَالْعِزَّةِ الَّتِي لاَ تُرَامُ أَسْأَلُكَ يَا اللَّهُ يَا رَحْمَنُ بِجَلاَلِكَ وَنُورِ وَجْهِكَ أَنْ تُلْزِمَ قَلْبِي حِفْظَ كِتَابِكَ كَمَا عَلَّمْتَنِي وَارْزُقْنِي أَنْ أَتْلُوَهُ عَلَى النَّحْوِ الَّذِي يُرْضِيكَ عَنِّي اللَّهُمَّ بَدِيعَ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ ذَا الْجَلاَلِ وَالإِكْرَامِ وَالْعِزَّةِ الَّتِي لاَ تُرَامُ أَسْأَلُكَ يَا اللَّهُ يَا رَحْمَنُ بِجَلاَلِكَ وَنُورِ وَجْهِكَ أَنْ تُنَوِّرَ بِكِتَابِكَ بَصَرِي وَأَنْ تُطْلِقَ بِهِ لِسَانِي وَأَنْ تُفَرِّجَ بِهِ عَنْ قَلْبِي وَأَنْ تَشْرَحَ بِهِ صَدْرِي وَأَنْ تَغْسِلَ بِهِ بَدَنِي لأَنَّهُ لاَ يُعِينُنِي عَلَى الْحَقِّ غَيْرُكَ وَلاَ يُؤْتِيهِ إِلاَّ أَنْتَ وَلاَ حَوْلَ وَلاَ قُوَّةَ إِلاَّ بِاللَّهِ الْعَلِيِّ الْعَظِيمِ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ تَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ ثَلاَثَ جُمَعٍ أَوْ خَمْسَ أَوْ سَبْعَ تُجَابُ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ مَا أَخْطَأَ مُؤْمِنًا قَطُّ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا لَبِثَ عَلِيٌّ إِلاَّ خَمْسًا أَوْ سَبْعًا حَتَّى جَاءَ عَلِيٌّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي مِثْلِ ذَلِكَ الْمَجْلِسِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي كُنْتُ فِيمَا خَلاَ لاَ آخُذُ إِلاَّ أَرْبَعَ آيَاتٍ أَوْ نَحْوَهُنَّ وَإِذَا قَرَأْتُهُنَّ عَلَى نَفْسِي تَفَلَّتْنَ وَأَنَا أَتَعَلَّمُ الْيَوْمَ أَرْبَعِينَ آيَةً أَوْ نَحْوَهَا وَإِذَا قَرَأْتُهَا عَلَى نَفْسِي فَكَأَنَّمَا كِتَابُ اللَّهِ بَيْنَ عَيْنَىَّ وَلَقَدْ كُنْتُ أَسْمَعُ الْحَدِيثَ فَإِذَا رَدَّدْتُهُ تَفَلَّتَ وَأَنَا الْيَوْمَ أَسْمَعُ الأَحَادِيثَ فَإِذَا تَحَدَّثْتُ بِهَا لَمْ أَخْرِمْ مِنْهَا حَرْفًا فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَرَبِّ الْكَعْبَةِ يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ  

[Machine] When my affairs were mentioned and I was not aware of it, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood up and gave a sermon about me. He praised and thanked Allah (glory be to Him) for what He has bestowed upon me, then he said, "As for what comes after, inform the people that they have slandered my family and, by Allah, I have never known anything bad about them. They built my family and, by Allah, I have never known anything bad about them, nor has anyone ever entered my house without my presence. I have never been absent during any journey without them being with me." Then Sa'd bin Mu'adh stood up and said, "O Messenger of Allah, shall we strike their necks?" A man from the Bani Khazraj stood up, and Umm Hassaan bin Thabit, who was the wife of that man, said, "You lie! By Allah, if they were from the Aws, you would not want to strike their necks until there was fighting between the Aws and the Khazraj within the Masjid, and I do not know anything about them." When it was evening that day, I went out for some need, and Umm Misbah was with me. She stumbled, and she said, "May Misbah be ruined!" I said, "Why do you curse your son?" She remained silent. Then she stumbled again and said, "May Misbah be ruined!" I said, "Why do you curse your son?" Then she stumbled a third time and said, "May Misbah be ruined!" I scolded her and said, "Why do you curse your son?" She said, "By Allah, I only curse him because of you." I asked, "In what matter concerning me?" Then she informed me about the story. I said, "Did my father know about it?" She said, "Yes." I asked, "And the Messenger of Allah?" She said, "And the Messenger of Allah." I became overwhelmed and started crying. Abu Bakr heard my voice while he was on the roof reciting the Qur'an. He came down and said to my mother, "What's wrong with her?" She told him what had happened. He said, "I swear to you, O daughter, that if you had not returned to your house, I would have divorced her." So I went back to my house and my parents were with me. They stayed with me until after Asr prayer. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to me. My parents were on my right and left side. The Prophet ﷺ said the Shahada (testimony of faith) and praised and thanked Allah (glory be to Him) for what He has bestowed upon him. Then he said, "O Aisha, if you have committed a mistake or wronged, repent to Allah (glory be to Him). Verily, Allah (glory be to Him) accepts repentance from His servants." Then a woman from the Ansar came and sat at the door. I said to myself, "Doesn't she have any shame?"  

لَمَّا ذُكِرَ مِنْ شَأْنِي الَّذِي ذُكِرَ وَمَا عَلِمْتُ بِهِ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِيَّ خَطِيبًا وَمَا عَلِمْتُ بِهِ فَتَشَهَّدَ فَحَمِدَ اللهَ ﷻ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ بِمَا هُوَ أَهْلُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدُأَشِيرُوا عَلَيَّ فِي نَاسٍ أَبَنُوا أَهْلِي وَايْمُ اللهِ مَا عَلِمْتُ عَلَى أَهْلِي سُوءًا قَطُّ وَأَبَنُوهُمْ بِمَنْ وَاللهِ مَا عَلِمْتُ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ سُوءٍ قَطُّ وَلَا دَخَلَ بَيْتِي قَطُّ إِلَّا وَأَنَا حَاضِرٌ وَلَا غِبْتُ فِي سَفَرٍ إِلَّا غَابَ مَعِي؟ فَقَامَ سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ فَقَالَ نَرَى يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَنْ تَضْرِبَ أَعْنَاقَهُمْ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ بلْخَزْرَج وَكَانَتْ أُمُّ حَسَّانَ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ مِنْ رَهْطِ ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلِ فَقَالَ كَذَبْتَ أَمَا وَاللهِ لَوْ كَانُوا مِنَ الْأَوْسِ مَا أَحْبَبْتَ أَنْ تَضْرِبَ أَعْنَاقَهُمْ حَتَّى كَادُوا أَنْ يَكُونَ بَيْنَ الْأَوْسِ وَالْخَزْرَجِ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ شَرٌّ وَمَا عَلِمْتُ بِهِ فَلَمَّا كَانَ مَسَاءُ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ خَرَجْتُ لِبَعْضِ حَاجَتِي وَمَعِي أُمُّ مِسْطَحٍ فَعَثَرَتْ فَقَالَتْ تَعِسَ مِسْطَحٌ فَقُلْتُ عَلَامَ تَسُبِّينَ ابْنَكِ؟ فَسَكَتَتْ ثُمَّ عَثَرَتِ الثَّانِيَةَ فَقَالَتْ تَعِسَ مِسْطَحٌ فَقُلْتُ عَلَامَ تَسُبِّينَ ابْنَكِ؟ ثُمَّ عَثَرَتِ الثَّالِثَةَ فَقَالَتْ تَعِسَ مِسْطَحٌ فَانْتَهَرْتُهَا فَقُلْتُ عَلَامَ تَسُبِّينَ ابْنَكِ؟ فَقَالَتْ وَاللهِ مَا أَسُبُّهُ إِلَّا فِيكِ فَقُلْتُ فِي أَيِّ شَأْنِي؟ فَذَكَرَتْ لِي الْحَدِيثَفَقُلْتُ وَقَدْ كَانَ هَذَا؟ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ وَاللهِ فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَى بَيْتِي لَكَأَنَّ الَّذِي خَرَجْتُ لَهُ لَمْ أَخْرُجْ لَهُ لَا أَجِدُ مِنْهُ قَلِيلًا وَلَا كَثِيرًا وَوَعَكْتُ فَقُلْتُ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَرْسِلْنِي إِلَى بَيْتِ أَبِي فَأَرْسَلَ مَعِي الْغُلَامَ فَدَخَلْتُ الدَّارَ فَإِذَا أَنَا بِأُمِّ رُومَانَ فَقَالَتْ مَا جَاءَ بِكِ يَا بُنَيَّةُ؟ فَأَخْبَرْتُهَا فَقَالَتْ خَفِّضِي عَلَيْكِ الشَّأْنَ فَإِنَّهُ وَاللهِ لَقَلَّمَا كَانَتْ امْرَأَةٌ جَمِيلَةٌ تَكُونُ عِنْدَ رَجُلٍ يُحِبُّهَا وَلَهَا ضَرَائِرُ إِلَّا حَسَدْنَهَا وَقُلْنَ فِيهَا قُلْتُ وَقَدْ عَلِمَ بِهِ أَبِي؟ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ؟ قَالَتْ وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَاسْتَعْبَرْتُ فَبَكَيْتُ فَسَمِعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ صَوْتِي وَهُوَ فَوْقَ الْبَيْتِ يَقْرَأُ فَنَزَلَ فَقَالَ لِأُمِّي مَا شَأْنُهَا؟ قَالَتْ بَلَغَهَا الَّذِي ذُكِرَ مِنْ أَمْرِهَا فَفَاضَتْ عَيْنَاهُ فَقَالَ أَقْسَمْتُ عَلَيْكِ يَا بُنَيَّةُ إِلَّا رَجَعْتِ إِلَى بَيْتِكِ فَرَجَعْتُ وَأَصْبَحَ أَبَوَايَ عِنْدِي فَلَمْ يَزَالَا عِنْدِي حَتَّى دَخَلَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ وَقَدِ اكْتَنَفَنِي أَبَوَايَ عَنْ يَمِينِي وَعَنْ شِمَالِي فَتَشَهَّدَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَحَمِدَ اللهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ بِمَا هُوَ أَهْلُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ يَا عَائِشَةُ إِنْ كُنْتِ قَارَفْتِ سُوءً أَوْ ظَلَمْتِ تُوبِي إِلَى اللهِ ﷻ فَإِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ يَقْبَلُ التَّوْبَةَ عَنْ عِبَادِهِ وَقَدْ جَاءَتْ امْرَأَةٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَهِيَ جَالِسَةٌ بِالْبَابِ فَقُلْتُ أَلَا تَسْتَحِي  

[Machine] Abu Jahl confronted the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at As-Safa. He insulted him and said things that were detestable to his religion and demeaning towards him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not respond to him. Abdullah bin Judda'an At-Taymi's wife witnessed this incident from her house, which was located above As-Safa. Afterward, Abu Jahl went to the gathering of the Quraysh at the Kaaba and sat with them. Hamza bin Abdul-Muttalib, with his bow on his shoulder, returned from hunting and normally when he returned in this manner, he would not pass by the gathering of the Quraysh without expressing his strength. On this day, he was still a pagan. The lady who witnessed the incident approached him and informed him about what had transpired between Abu Jahl and Muhammad, and how Abu Jahl had insulted and abused him. Then, she told him that Muhammad had not responded to him. Thus, Hamza became angry for the sake of the honor of Allah's Messenger ﷺ . He hurried, looking for Abu Jahl, in order to avenge the harm that had befallen Allah's Messenger ﷺ . When he entered the Masjid, he saw Abu Jahl sitting among people and went towards him. When he reached Abu Jahl, he drew his bow with all his strength and struck Abu Jahl's head with the bow, causing a severe wound. Men from Quraysh's Banu Makhzum tribe stood to support Abu Jahl, but they did not find Hamza, as he rushed out of the Masjid. He did not stop to speak to anyone as he normally did. He went straight towards the Kaaba to perform Tawaf (circumambulation) while giving Abu Jahl the opportunity to take revenge, had he wanted to. When he entered the Masjid, he saw Abu Jahl sitting among people and went towards him. When he reached Abu Jahl, he drew his bow with all his strength and struck Abu Jahl's head with the bow, causing a severe wound. Men from Quraysh's Banu Makhzum tribe stood to support Abu Jahl, but they did not find Hamza, as he rushed out of the Masjid. He did not stop to speak to anyone as he normally did. He went straight towards the Kaaba to perform Tawaf (circumambulation) while giving Abu Jahl the opportunity to take revenge, had he wanted to. But Abu Jahl restrained himself, not retaliating for the harm he had received. He did not think that Hamza's action was the cause of his forgiveness, but rather his intention was to fulfill the command of Allah. After this incident, Hamza entered his house, and Satan came to him saying, "You are the chief of the Quraysh! You have followed this new religion and abandoned the religion of your ancestors. Death is better for you than what you have done." Hamza was affected by this whisper. He went to Hamza with a doubt in his heart, unsure of the way out of the situation he found himself in. He went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ the next morning and said, "O my nephew! I find myself in a situation and I do not know how to find a way out. I have placed myself in a situation where I cannot retreat or advance. Tell me, is it right for me to continue in the path I have chosen, or should I choose another path?" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ advised him, reminded him, admonished him, and gave him glad tidings. As a result, faith entered Hamza's heart, as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had said. Hamza then said, "I bear witness that you are truthful in your testimony, the one who confirms truth and identifies falsehood. Show me, O my nephew, the path to follow, and by Allah, there is nothing I would love more than to have a reputation that would outshine the sun. And I am now embracing my original religion." So it was, that Hamza was one of those whom Allah honored and helped through the religion.  

أَنَّ أَبَا جَهْلٍ اعْتَرَضَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عِنْدَ الصَّفَا فَآذَاهُ وَشَتَمَهُ وَقَالَ فِيهِ مَا يُكْرَهُ مِنَ الْعَيْبِ لِدِينِهِ وَالتَّضْعِيفِ لَهُ «فَلَمْ يُكَلِّمْهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ» وَمَوْلَاةٌ لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جُدْعَانَ التَّيْمِيِّ فِي مَسْكَنٍ لَهَا فَوْقَ الصَّفَا تَسْمَعُ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ عَنْهُ فَعَمَدَ إِلَى نَادِي قُرَيْشٍ عِنْدَ الْكَعْبَةِ فَجَلَسَ مَعَهُمْ وَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ حَمْزَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ أَنْ أَقْبَلَ مُتَوَشِّحًا قَوْسَهُ رَاجِعًا مِنْ قَنْصٍ لَهُ وَكَانَ إِذَا فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ لَمْ يَمُرَّ عَلَى نَادِي قُرَيْشٍ وَأَشَدُّهَا شَكِيمَةً وَكَانَ يَوْمَئِذٍ مُشْرِكًا عَلَى دَيْنِ قَوْمِهِ فَجَاءَتْهُ الْمَوْلَاةُ وَقَدْ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِيَرْجِعَ إِلَى بَيْتِهِ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ يَا عُمَارَةُ لَوْ رَأَيْتَ مَا لَقِيَ ابْنُ أَخِيكَ مُحَمَّدٍ مِنْ أَبِي الْحَكَمَ آنِفًا وَجَدَهُ هَا هُنَا فَآذَاهُ وَشَتَمَهُ وَبَلَغَ مَا يُكْرَهُ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ عَنْهُ فَعَمَدَ إِلَى نَادِي قُرَيْشٍ عِنْدَ الْكَعْبَةِ فَجَلَسَ مَعَهُمْ وَلَمْ يُكَلِّمْ مُحَمَّدًا فَاحْتَمَلَ حَمْزَةُ الْغَضَبَ لِمَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ مِنْ كَرَامَتِهِ فَخَرَجَ سَرِيعًا لَا يَقِفُ عَلَى أَحَدٍ كَمَا كَانَ يَصْنَعُ يُرِيدُ الطَّوَافَ بِالْبَيْتِ مُتَعَمِّدًا لِأَبِي جَهْلٍ أَنْ يَقَعَ بِهِ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ نَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ جَالِسًا فِي الْقَوْمِ فَأَقْبَلَ نَحْوَهُ حَتَّى إِذَا قَامَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ رَفَعَ الْقَوْسَ فَضَرَبَهُ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ ضَرْبَةً مَمْلُوءَةً وَقَامَتْ رِجَالٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ مِنْ بَنِي مَخْزُومٍ إِلَى حَمْزَةَ لِيَنْصُرُوا أَبَا جَهْلٍ فَقَالُوا مَا نَرَاكَ يَا حَمْزَةُ إِلَّا صَبَأْتَ فَقَالَ حَمْزَةُ وَمَا يَمْنَعُنِي وَقَدِ اسْتَبَانَ لِي ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ أَنَا أَشْهَدُ أَنَّهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَأَنَّ الَّذِي يَقُولُ حَقٌّ فَوَاللَّهِ لَا أَنْزِعُ فَامْنَعُونِي إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ فَقَالَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ دَعُوا أَبَا عُمَارَةَ لَقَدْ سَبَبْتُ ابْنَ أَخِيهِ سَبًّا قَبِيحًا وَمَرَّ حَمْزَةُ عَلَى إِسْلَامِهِ وَتَابَعَ يُخَفِّفُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَلَمَّا أَسْلَمَ حَمْزَةُ عَلِمَتْ قُرَيْشٌ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ عَزَّ وَامْتَنَعَ وَأَنَّ حَمْزَةَ سَيَمْنَعُهُ فَكَفُّوا عَنْ بَعْضِ مَا كَانُوا يَتَنَاوَلُونَهُ وَيَنَالُونَ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ فِي ذَلِكَ سَعْدٌ حِينَ ضَرَبَ أَبَا جَهْلٍ فَذَكَرَ رَجَزًا غَيْرً مُسْتَقَرٍّ أَوَّلُهُ ذُقْ أَبَا جَهْلٍ بِمَا غَشِيَتْ قَالَ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ حَمْزَةُ إِلَى بَيْتِهِ فَأَتَاهُ الشَّيْطَانُ فَقَالَ أَنْتَ سَيِّدُ قُرَيْشٍ اتَّبَعْتَ هَذَا الصَّابِئَ وَتَرَكْتَ دَيْنَ آبَائِكَ لَلْمَوْتُ خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِمَّا صَنَعْتَ فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَى حَمْزَةَ شَبَهٌ فَقَالَ مَا صَنَعْتُ؟ اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ رُشْدًا فَاجْعَلْ تَصْدِيقَهُ فِي قَلْبِي وَإِلَّا فَاجْعَلْ لِي مِمَّا وَقَعْتُ فِيهِ مَخْرَجًا فَبَاتَ بِلَيْلَةٍ لَمْ يَبِتْ بِمِثْلِهَا مِنْ وَسْوَسَةِ الشَّيْطَانِ حَتَّى أَصْبَحَ فَغَدَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ ابْنَ أَخِي إِنِّي وَقَعْتُ فِي أَمَرٍ لَا أَعْرِفُ الْمَخْرَجَ مِنْهُ وَأَقَامَهُ مَثَلِي عَلَى مَا لَا أَدْرِي مَا هُوَ أَرْشَدُ هُوَ أَمْ غَيْرُ شَدِيدٍ فَحَدَّثَنِي حَدِيثًا فَقَدِ اسْتَشْهَيْتُ يَا ابْنَ أَخِي أَنْ تُحَدِّثَنِي «فَأَقْبَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَذَكَّرَهُ وَوَعَظَهُ وَخَوَّفَهُ وَبَشَّرَهُ» فَأَلْقَى اللَّهُ فِي نَفْسِهِ الْإِيمَانَ كَمَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ أَشْهَدُ إِنَّكَ لَصَادِقٌ شَهَادَةً الْمُصَدِّقِ وَالْمُعَارِفِ فَأَظْهِرْ يَا ابْنَ أَخِي دِينَكَ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ لِي مَا أَلَمَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَإِنِّي عَلَى دِينِي الْأَوَّلِ قَالَ فَكَانَ حَمْزَةُ مِمَّنْ أَعَزَّ اللَّهُ بِهِ الدِّينَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his companions continued on the year of the conquest until they reached Marr Al-Zuhra with ten thousand Muslims. Sulaym and Muzaynah were there, and in every tribe there was a number of people who had embraced Islam. The Muhajirun (emigrants) and the Ansar (helpers) were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and none of them stayed behind. The news about the Messenger of Allah ﷺ became unknown to the Quraysh, and they did not receive any information about what he was doing. Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith and Abdullah ibn Abi Umayyah ibn al-Mughirah met the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at Thaniyyat al-Aqabah on the way from Makkah to Madinah, and they sought permission to enter. Umm Salamah spoke to him and said, "O Messenger of Allah, this is your cousin, the son of your aunt, and your son-in-law." He replied, "I have no need for them. As for my cousin, he has violated my honour, and as for my aunt's son and my son-in-law, he was the one who said to me in Makkah what he said." When the news reached them, Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith had a son who said, "By Allah, the Messenger of Allah will either give permission for me, or I will take his son by the hand, and we will go away and die of thirst or hunger." When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ heard about this, he sent for them, and they entered upon him. Abu Sufyan began reciting poetry about his Islam and his apology for what had happened in the past. He said, "By your life, on the day I carry a flag, the horses of al-Lat will defeat the horses of Muhammad, even if the dark night lasts long. This is the time for truth to guide and direct me. So tell Ta'if that I do not seek to fight them, and tell Ta'if that I am ready for them, guided by someone other than myself, who has guided me to Allah. I will flee quickly and strive to fight against Muhammad, even if I am not related to him. They are a group of people who do not follow their desires, even if they are intelligent and logical." He continued, "I desire for them to be pleased with me, and I will not leave them until I have been guided in every sitting. I was not in the army that gained victory, nor did my tongue bring any good, nor did my hands touch any tribe that came from distant lands, with arrows and swords. Indeed, the one you expelled and insulted will strive hard to seek revenge, not restrained by custom." When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ heard Abu Sufyan recite poetry about himself, he struck him in the chest and said, "You are the one who expelled and insulted me." Ibn Ishaq mentioned, "The mother of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ died while she was visiting her relatives from the Banu Najjar tribe."  

مَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابُهُ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ حَتَّى نَزَلَ مَرَّ الظَّهْرَانِ فِي عَشَرَةِ آلَافٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَسَبَّعَتْ سُلَيْمٌ وَأَلَّفَتْ مُزَيْنَةُ وَفِي كُلِّ الْقَبَائِلِ عَدَدٌ وَإِسْلَامٌ وَأَوْعَبَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ وَالْأَنْصَارُ فَلَمْ يَتَخَلَّفْ عَنْهُ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ وَقَدْ عَمِيَتِ الْأَخْبَارُ عَلَى قُرَيْشٍ فَلَا يَأْتِيَهُمْ خَبَرُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَلَا يَدْرُونَ مَا هُوَ صَانِعٌ وَكَانَ أَبُو سُفْيَانُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ قَدْ لَقِيَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثَنِيَّةَ الْعِقَابِ فِيمَا بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَالْمَدِينَةِ فَالْتَمَسَا الدُّخُولَ عَلَيْهِ فَكَلَّمَتْهُ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ابْنُ عَمِّكَ وَابْنُ عَمَّتِكَ وَصِهْرُكِ فَقَالَ «لَا حَاجَةَ لِي فِيهِمَا أَمَّا ابْنُ عَمِّي فَهَتَكَ عِرْضِي وَأَمَّا ابْنُ عَمَّتِي وَصِهْرِي فَهُوَ الَّذِي قَالَ لِي بِمَكَّةَ مَا قَالَ» فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ الْخَبَرُ إِلَيْهِمَا بِذَلِكَ وَمَعَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ ابْنٌ لَهُ فَقَالَ وَاللَّهِ لَيَأَذْنَنَّ رَسُولُ ﷺ أَوْ لَآخُذَنَّ بِيَدِ ابْنِي هَذَا ثُمَّ لَنَذْهَبَنَّ فِي الْأَرْضِ حَتَّى نَمُوتَ عَطَشًا أَوْ جُوعًا فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَقَّ لَهُمَا فَدَخَلَا عَلَيْهِ فَأَنْشَدَهُ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ قَوْلَهُ فِي إِسْلَامِهِ وَاعْتِذَارِهِ مِمَّا كَانَ مَضَى فِيهِ فَقَالَ [البحر الطويل] لَعَمْرُكَ إِنِّي يَوْمَ أَحْمِلُ رَايَةً لِتَغْلِبَ خَيْلُ اللَّاتِ خَيْلَ مُحَمَّدِ لَكَا لِمُدْلِجِ الْحَيْرَانُ أَظْلَمَ لَيْلَةً فَهَذَا أَوَانُ الْحَقِّ أَهْدِي وَأَهْتَدِي فَقُلْ لِثَقِيفٍ لَا أُرِيدُ قِتَالَكُمْ وَقُلْ لِثَقِيفٍ تِلْكَ عِنْدِي فَاوْعَدِي هَدَانِي هَادٍ غَيْرَ نَفْسِي وَدَلَّنِي إِلَى اللَّهِ مَنْ طَرَدْتُ كُلَّ مَطْرَدِ أَفِرُّ سَرِيعًا جَاهِدًا عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ وَأَدَّعِي وَلَوْ لَمْ أَنْتَسِبْ لِمُحَمَّدِ هُمْ عُصْبَةُ مَنْ لَمْ يَقُلْ بِهَواهُمْ وَإِنْ كَانَ ذَا رَأْيٍ يُلِمْ وَيُفَنَّدِ أُرِيدُ لِأَرِضِيَهُمْ وَلَسْتُ بِلَافِظٍ مَعَ الْقَوْمِ مَا لَمْ أُهْدَ فِي كُلِّ مَقْعَدِ فَمَا كُنْتُ فِي الْجَيْشِ الَّذِي نَالَ عَامِرًا وَلَا كَلَّ عَنْ خَيْرٍ لِسَانِي وَلَا يَدِي قَبَائِلُ جَاءَتْ مِنْ بِلَادٍ بَعِيدَةٍ تَوَابِعُ جَاءَتْ مِنْ سِهَامٍ وَسُرْدَدِ وَإِنَّ الَّذِي أَخَرَجْتُمْ وَشَتَمْتُمْ سَيَسْعَى لَكُمْ سَعْيَ امْرِئٍ غَيْرِ قَعْدَدِ قَالَ فَلَمَّا أَنْشَدَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى اللَّهِ مَنْ طُرِدْتُ كُلَّ مَطْرَدِ ضَرَبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي صَدْرِهِ فَقَالَ «أَنْتَ طَرَدْتَنِي كُلَّ مَطْرَدِ» قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ «مَاتَتْ أُمُّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالْأَبْوَاءِ وَهِيَ تَزُورُ خَوَالَهَا مِنْ بَنِي النَّجَّارِ»  

Ibn ʿAbbas said: “We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when ʿAli bin Abi Talib came to him, and he said: ‘May my father and mother be ransomed for you! This Qur’an has suddenly left my heart, and I do not find myself capable of it.’ So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him: ‘O Abul-Hasan! Should I not teach you words that Allah shall benefit you with, and benefit whomever you teach, and they will make whatever you have learned in your chest firm?’ He said: ‘Of course, O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, so teach me.’ He ﷺ said: ‘When it is the night of (before) Friday, then if you are able to stand in the last third of the night, then verily it is a witnessed hour, and supplication is answered in it. And my brother Yaʿqub (as) did say to his sons: I shall seek forgiveness for you from my Lord. He said: “Until the night of Friday comes.” So if you are not able, then stand in the middle of it, and if you are not able then stand in the first of it. And pray four Rakʿah. Recite Fatihatul-Kitab (the Opening of the Book) and Surat Ya-Sin in the first Rakʿah, and Fatihatul-Kitab and Ha-Mim Ad-Dukhan in the second Rakʿah, and Fatihatul-Kitab and Alif Lam Mim Tanzil As-Sajdah in the third Rakʿah, and Fatihatul-Kitab and Tabarak Al-Mufassal in the fourth Rakʿah. So when you have finished with the Tasha-hud, then praise Allah and mention Allah’s greatness in an excellent manner, and send Salat upon me - and be excellent in it - and upon the rest of the Prophets. And seek forgiveness for the believing men and the believing women, and for your brothers who have preceded you in faith. Then say in the end of that: “O Allah, have mercy on me by abandonment of sins forever, so long as You keep me remaining. And have mercy on me from taking upon myself what does not concern me, and provide me good sight for what will make You pleased with me. O Allah, Originator of the heavens and the earth, Possessor of glory, and generosity, and honor that is not exceeded. I ask you, O Allah, O Rahman, by Your glory and the light of Your Face, to make my heart constant in remembering Your Book as You taught me, and grant me that I recite it in the manner that will make You pleased with me. O Allah, Originator of the heavens and the earth, Possessor of glory, and generosity, and honor that is not exceeded. I ask you, O Allah, O Rahman, by Your glory and the light of Your Face, to enlighten my sight with Your Book, and make my tongue free with it, and to relieve my heart with it, and to expand my chest with it, and to wash my body with it. For indeed, none aids me upon the truth other than You, and none gives it except You, and there is no might or power except by Allah, the High, the Magnificent. (Allāhummarḥamnī bitarkil-maʿāṣī abadan mā abqaitanī, warḥamnī an atakallafa mā lā yaʿnīnī, warzuqnī ḥusnan-naẓari fī mā yurḍīka ʿannī. Allāhumma badīʿas-samāwāti wal-arḍi dhal-jalāli wal-ikrāmi wal-ʿizzatil-latī lā turāmu, as’aluka yā Allāhu yā Raḥmānu bi-jalālika wa nūri wajhika, an tulzima qalbī ḥifẓa kitābika kamā ʿallamtanī, warzuqnī an atluwahū ʿalan-naḥwil-ladhī yurḍīka ʿannī. Allāhumma badīʿas-samāwāti wal arḍi dhal-jalāli wal-ikrāmi wal ʿizzati-llatī lā turāmu, as’aluka yā Allāhu, yā Raḥmānu bi-jalālika wa nūri wajhika, an tunawwira bi-kitābika baṣarī, wa an tuṭliqa bihī lisānī, wa an tufarrija bihī ʿan qalbī, wa an tashraḥa bihī ṣadrī, wa an taghsila bihī badanī, fa innahu lā yuʿīnunī ʿalal-ḥaqqi ghairuka wa lā yu’tīhi illā anta wa lā ḥawla wa lā quwwata illā billāhil-ʿAliyyil-ʿAẓīm).” O Abul-Hasan! So do this three Fridays, or five, or seven, you will be answered - by the will of Allah - by the One Who sent me with the Truth, it has not failed a believer once.’” ʿAbdullah bin ʿAbbas said: “So, by Allah, ʿAli did not wait but five or seven until [ʿAli] came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in a gathering similar to that and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, indeed I was [a man] in the time that passed, who used to not take except four Ayat or about that much, so when I would recite them to myself they would suddenly depart from me, and today I learn forty Ayat or about that much, and when I recite them to myself, then it is as if the Book of Allah is before my eyes. I used to hear a Hadith and when I would repeat it, it would suddenly depart from me, and today I hear Ahadith, and when I report them, I do not err in a single letter.’ So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said at that point: ‘A believer, by the Lord of the Kaʿbah, O Abul-Hasan.’” (Using translation from Tirmidhī 3570)  

أَنَّهُ بَيْنَمَا هُوَ جَالِسٌ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذْ جَاءَهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَقَالَ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ تَفَلَّتَ هَذَا الْقُرْآنُ مِنْ صَدْرِي فَمَا أَجِدُنِي أَقْدِرُ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ أَفَلَا أُعَلِّمُكَ كَلِمَاتٍ يَنْفَعُكَ اللَّهُ بِهِنَّ وَيَنْفَعُ بِهِنَّ مَنْ عَلَّمْتَهُ وَيُثَبِّتُ مَا عَلِمْتَهُ فِي صَدْرِكَ؟» قَالَ أَجَلْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَعَلِّمْنِي قَالَ إِذَا كَانَتْ لَيْلَةُ الْجُمُعَةِ فَإِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ تَقُومَ فِي ثُلُثِ اللَّيْلِ الْآخِرِ فَإِنَّهَا سَاعَةٌ مَشْهُودَةٌ وَالدُّعَاءُ فِيهَا مُسْتَجَابٌ وَهِيَ قَوْلُ أَخِي يَعْقُوبَ لِبَنِيهِ سَوْفَ أَسْتَغْفِرُ لَكُمْ رَبِّي حَتَّى تَأْتِيَ لَيْلَةُ الْجُمُعَةِ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَسْتَطِعْ فَقُمْ فِي وَسَطِهَا فَإِنْ لَمْ تَسْتَطِعْ فَقُمْ فِي أَوَّلِهَا فَصَلِّ أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ تَقْرَأُ فِي الْأُولَى بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَسُورَةِ يس وَفِي الرَّكْعَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَالم تَنْزِيلُ السَّجْدَةَ وَفِي الرَّكْعَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وحم الدُّخَانَ وَفِي الرَّكْعَةِ الرَّابِعَةِ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكِتَابِ وَتَبَارَكَ الْمُفَصَّلَ فَإِذَا فَرَغْتَ مِنَ التَّشَهُّدِ فَاحْمَدِ اللَّهَ وَأَحْسَنِ الثَّنَاءَ عَلَى اللَّهِ وَصَلِّ عَلَيَّ وَعَلَى سَائِرِ النَّبِيِّينَ وَأَحْسِنْ وَاسْتَغْفِرْ لِإِخْوَانِكَ الَّذِينَ سَبَقُوكَ بِالْإِيمَانِ وَاسْتَغْفِرْ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَلِلْمُؤْمِنَاتِ ثُمَّ قُلْ آخِرَ ذَلِكَ اللَّهُمَّ ارْحَمْنِي بِتَرْكِ الْمَعَاصِي أَبَدًا مَا أَبْقَيْتَنِي وَارْحَمْنِي أَنْ أَتَكَلَّفَ مَا لَا يَعْنِينِي وَارْزُقْنِي حُسْنَ النَّظَرِ فِيمَا يُرْضِيكَ عَنِّي اللَّهُمَّ بَدِيعَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ذَا الْجَلَالِ وَالْإِكْرَامِ وَالْعِزَّةِ الَّتِي لَا تُرَامُ أَسْأَلُكَ يَا اللَّهُ يَا رَحْمَنُ بِجَلَالِكَ وَنُورِ وَجْهِكَ أَنْ تُلْزِمَ قَلْبِي حِفْظَ كِتَابِكَ كَمَا عَلَّمْتَنِي وَارْزُقْنِي أَنْ أَتْلُوَهُ عَلَى النَّحْوِ الَّذِي يُرْضِيكَ عَنِّي اللَّهُمَّ بَدِيعَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ذَا الْجَلَالِ وَالْإِكْرَامِ وَالْعِزَّةِ الَّتِي لَا تُرَامُ أَسْأَلُكَ يَا اللَّهُ يَا رَحْمَنُ بِجَلَالِكَ وَنُورِ وَجْهِكَ أَنْ تُنَوِّرَ بِكِتَابِكَ بَصَرِي وَأَنْ تُطْلِقَ بِهِ لِسَانِي وَأَنْ تُفَرِّجَ بِهِ عَنْ قَلْبِي وَأَنْ تَشْرَحَ بِهِ صَدْرِي وَأَنْ تَشْغَلَ بِهِ بَدَنِي فَإِنَّهُ لَا يُعِينُنِي عَلَى الْحَقِّ غَيْرُكَ وَلَا يُؤْتِيهِ إِلَّا أَنْتَ وَلَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ الْعَلِيِّ الْعَظِيمِ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ تَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ ثَلَاثَ جُمَعٍ أَوْ خَمْسًا أَوْ سَبْعًا يُجَابُ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ فَوَالَّذِي بَعَثَنِي بِالْحَقِّ مَا أَخْطَأَ مُؤْمِنًا قَطُّ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا لَبِثَ عَلِيٌّ إِلَّا خَمْسًا أَوْ سَبْعًا حَتَّى جَاءَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي مِثْلِ ذَلِكَ الْمَجْلِسِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي كُنْتُ فِيمَا خَلَا لَا أَتَعْلَمُ أَرْبَعَ آيَاتٍ أَوْ نَحْوَهُنَّ فَإِذَا قَرَأْتُهُنَّ عَلَى نَفْسِي يَتَفَلَّتْنَ فَأَمَّا الْيَوْمَ فَأَتَعَلَّمُ الْأَرْبَعِينَ آيَةً وَنَحْوَهَا فَإِذَا قَرَأْتُهُنَّ عَلَى نَفْسِي فَكَمَا كِتَابُ اللَّهِ نُصْبَ عَيْنِي وَلَقَدْ كُنْتُ أَسْمَعُ الْحَدِيثَ فَإِذَا أَرَدْتُهُ تَفَلَّتَ وَأَنَا الْيَوْمَ أَسْمَعُ الْأَحَادِيثَ فَإِذَا حَدَّثْتُ بِهَا لَمْ أَخْرِمْ مِنْهَا حَرْفًا فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ «مُؤْمِنٌ وَرَبُّ الْكَعْبَةِ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stayed in Al Madinah for nine years without performing Hajj. Then he announced to the people that they could go out [for Hajj]. When he reached Dhul-Hulayfah, he performed the prayer of Dhul-Hulayfah as well. Asma bint 'Umays, the wife of Abu Bakr, gave birth to Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr. She sent a message to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and he said, "Take a bath, wear your clothes, and come with your family." So she did as he instructed. When the chest of the Prophet ﷺ was relieved, he set on his journey and said, "We only know [about Hajj] for the purpose of performing Hajj. Let us go out for Hajj while the Quran is being revealed to me, and it is known to me how to interpret it. Indeed, he only does what he is commanded to do." Jabir said, "I looked ahead, behind, and to my right and left, and I saw that my sight could reach far. The people were on foot and riding, and the Prophet ﷺ performed the chant: Labbayka Allahumma labbayk, labbayka laa shareeka laka labbayk, inna al-hamd wa an-ni‘amata laka wal-mulk laa shareeka laka" (O Allah, here I am at Your service, here I am. There is no partner with You, here I am. Verily, all praise and favor is for You, and the dominion. There is no partner with You). When we arrived in Makkah, he performed the ritual of Ihram, then performed three Tawaf around the Ka'bah and performed Sa'i [between Safa and Marwah] four times. When he finished his Tawaf, he went to the Maqam and recited the verse: {And take, [O believers], from the standing place of Ibrahim a place of prayer}. He then prayed two Rak'ah behind the Maqam of Ibrahim. After that, he went to Al-Rukn and performed the Raml [walking briskly] between Safa and Marwah, and said, "We begin with what Allah has begun with," and he climbed on Safa until he could see the Ka'bah. Then he said, "Allahu Akbar" three times and said, "There is no deity except Allah, He has no partners. To Him belongs the kingdom, and all praise is for Him. He causes life and gives death. In His hand is all goodness, and He is over all things competent." He repeated this three times. Then he supplicated, and when he descended from Safa, he walked until he reached Marwah. He performed the same actions on Marwah and said the same statement as he did on Safa. He continued to do this seven times. And he said, "Whoever does not have an animal for sacrifice, let him enter into the state of Ihram, and whoever has an animal for sacrifice, let him perform the rites of his Ihram. If it were not for the fact that I brought a sacrificial animal with me, I would have performed 'Umrah." Ali came from Yemen, and the Prophet ﷺ asked him, "By what means did you perform the rites of Ihram, O Ali?" Ali replied, "O Messenger of Allah, I performed the rites of Ihram as you instructed." The Prophet ﷺ said, "If I did not have a sacrificial animal with me, I would also have performed 'Umrah." Ali added, "I entered upon Fatimah, and she had applied kohl and was wearing dyed clothes. I asked her, 'Who commanded you to do this?' She said, 'My father commanded me.' Then Ali went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ hurrying and determined, according to what she has told me. He asked the Prophet ﷺ , and the Prophet ﷺ said, "She told the truth." The Prophet ﷺ sacrificed one hundred camels with his own hands. Ali also sacrificed whatever was left. Then he took a piece from each camel and cooked them all together. They ate from the meat and drank from the broth. Suraqah bin Malik bin Ju'shum said, "Is this an annual tradition or forever?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "No, it is forever. 'Umrah is included in Hajj."  

أَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ تِسْعًا بِالْمَدِينَةِ لَمْ يَحُجَّ ثُمَّ أَذَّنَ فِي النَّاسِ بِالْخُرُوجِ فَلَمَّا جَاءَ ذَا الْحُلَيْفَةِ صَلَّى بِذِي الْحُلَيْفَةِ وَوَلَدَتْ أَسْمَاءُ بِنْتُ عُمَيْسٍ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَأَرْسَلَتْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «اغْتَسِلِي وَاسْتَثْفِرِي بِثَوْبٍ وَأَهِلِّي» قَالَ فَفَعَلَتْ فَلَمَّا اطْمَأَنَّ صَدْرُ رَاحِلَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى ظَهْرِ الْبَيْدَاءِ أَهَلَّ وَأَهْلَلْنَا لَا نَعْرِفُ إِلَّا الْحَجِّ وَلَهُ خَرَجْنَا وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِنَا وَالْقُرْآنُ يَنْزِلُ عَلَيْهِ وَهُوَ يُعْرَفُ تَأْوِيلَهُ وَإِنَّمَا يَفْعَلُ مَا أُمِرَ بِهِ «قَالَ جَابِرٌ فَنَظَرْتُ بَيْنَ يَدَيَّ وَمِنْ خَلْفِي وَعَنْ يَمِينِي وَعَنْ شِمَالِي مَدَّ بَصَرِي وَالنَّاسُ مُشَاةٌ وَرُكْبَانٌ فَجَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُلَبِّي » لَبَّيْكَ اللَّهُمَّ لَبَّيْكَ لَبَّيْكَ لَا شَرِيكَ لَكَ لَبَّيْكَ إِنَّ الْحَمْدَ وَالنِّعْمَةَ لَكَ وَالْمُلْكَ لَا شَرِيكَ لَكَ « فَلَمَّا قَدِمْنَا مَكَّةَ بَدَأَ فَاسْتَلَمَ الرُّكْنَ ثُمَّ سَعَى ثَلَاثَةَ أَطْوَافٍ وَمَشَى أَرْبَعًا فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ طَوَافِهِ انْطَلَقَ إِلَى الْمَقَامِ فَقَالَ » قَالَ اللَّهُ {وَاتَّخِذُوا مِنْ مَقَامِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ مُصَلًّى} « فَصَلَّى خَلْفَ مَقَامِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ إِلَى الرُّكْنِ فَاسْتَلَمَهُ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ إِلَى الصَّفَا فَقَالَ » نَبْدَأُ بِمَا بَدَأَ اللَّهُ بِهِ {إِنَّ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةَ مِنْ شَعَائِرِ اللَّهِ} فَرَقِيَ عَلَى الصَّفَا حَتَّى بَدَا لَهُ الْبَيْتُ فَكَبَّرَ ثَلَاثًا وَقَالَ «لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهَ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ لَهُ الْمَلِكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ يُحْيِي وَيُمِيتُ بِيَدِهِ الْخَيْرُ وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ» ثَلَاثًا ثُمَّ دَعَا ثُمَّ هَبَطَ مِنَ الصَّفَا فَمَشَى حَتَّى إِذَا تَصَوَّبَتْ قَدَمَاهُ فِي بَطْنِ الْمَسِيلِ سَعَى حَتَّى إِذَا صَعِدَتْ قَدَمَاهُ مِنْ بَطْنِ الْمَسِيلِ مَشَى إِلَى الْمَرْوَةِ فَرَقِيَ عَلَى الْمَرْوَةِ حَتَّى بَدَا لَهُ الْبَيْتُ فَقَالَ مِثْلَ مَا قَالَ عَلَى الصَّفَا فَطَافَ سَبْعًا وَقَالَ «مَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ مَعَهُ هَدْيٌ فَلْيَحِلَّ وَمَنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ هَدْيٌ فَلْيُقِمْ عَلَى إِحْرَامِهِ فَإِنِّي لَوْلَا أَنَّ مَعِيَ هَدْيًا لَتَحَلَّلْتُ وَلَوْ أَنِّي اسْتَقْبَلْتُ مِنْ أَمْرِي مَا اسْتَدْبَرْتُ لَأَهْلَلْتُ بِعُمْرَةٍ» قَالَ وَقَدِمَ عَلِيٌّ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «بِأَيِّ شَيْءٍ أَهْلَلْتَ يَا عَلِيُّ؟ » قَالَ قُلْتُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَهِلُّ بِمَا أَهَلَّ بِهِ رَسُولُكَ قَالَ «فَإِنَّ مَعِيَ هَدْيًا فَلَا تَحِلَّ» قَالَ عَلِيٌّ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ وَقَدِ اكْتَحَلَتْ وَلَبِسَتْ ثِيَابَ صِبْغٍ فَقُلْتُ مَنْ أَمَرَكِ بِهَذَا؟ فَقَالَتْ لِي أَمَرَنِي أَبِي ﷺ قَالَ فَكَانَ عَلِيٌّ يَقُولُ بِالْعِرَاقِ فَانْطَلَقْتُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مُحَرِّشًا عَلَى فَاطِمَةَ مُسَتَثِّبَتًا فِي الَّذِي قَالَتْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «صَدَقَتْ أَنَا أَمَرْتُهَا» قَالَ وَنَحَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِائَةَ بَدَنَةٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ بِيَدِهِ ثَلَاثًا وَسِتِّينَ وَنَحَرَ عَلِيٌّ مَا غَبَرَ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ مِنْ كُلِّ بَدَنَةٍ قِطْعَةً فَطَبَخَ جَمِيعًا فَأَكَلَا مِنَ اللَّحْمِ وَشَرِبَا مِنَ الْمَرَقِ فَقَالَ سُرَاقَةُ بْنُ مَالِكِ بْنِ جُعْشُمٍ أَلِعَامِنَا هَذَا أَمْ لِلْأَبَدِ؟ قَالَ «لَا بَلْ لِلْأَبَدِ دَخَلَتِ الْعُمْرَةُ فِي الْحَجِّ»  

We went to Jabir b. Abdullah and he began inquiring about the people (who had gone to see him) till it was my turn. I said: I am Muhammad b. 'Ali b. Husain. He placed his hand upon my head and opened my upper button and then the lower one and then placed his palm on my chest (in order to bless me), and I was, during those days, a young boy, and he said: You are welcome, my nephew. Ask whatever you want to ask. And I asked him but as he was blind (he could not respond to me immediately), and the time for prayer came. He stood up covering himself in his mantle. And whenever he placed its ends upon his shoulders they slipped down on account of being short (in size). Another mantle was, however, lying on the clothes rack near by. And he led us in the prayer. I said to him: Tell me about the Hajj of Messenger of Allah (May peace be upon him). And he pointed with his hand nine, and then stated: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stayed in (Medina) for nine years but did not perform Hajj, then he made a public announcement in the tenth year to the effect that Messenger of Allah ﷺ was about to perform the Hajj. A large number of persons came to Medina and all of them were anxious to follow the Messenger of Allah (May peace be upon him) and do according to his doing. We set out with him till we reached Dhu'l-Hulaifa. Asma' daughter of Umais gave birth to Muhammad b. Abu Bakr. She sent message to the Messenger of Allah (May peace be upon him) asking him: What should 1 do? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Take a bath, bandage your private parts and put on Ihram. The Messenger of Allah (May peace be upon him) then prayed in the mosque and then mounted al-Qaswa (his she-camel) and it stood erect with him on its back at al-Baida'. And I saw as far as I could see in front of me but riders and pedestrians, and also on my right and on my left and behind me like this. And the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was prominent among us and the (revelation) of the Holy Qur'an was descending upon him. And it is he who knows (its true) significance. And whatever he did, we also did that. He pronounced the Oneness of Allah (saying):" Labbaik,0 Allah, Labbaik, Labbaik. Thou hast no partner, praise and grace is Thine and the Sovereignty too; Thou hast no partner." And the people also pronounced this Talbiya which they pronounce (today). The Messenger of Allah (May peace be upon him) did not reject anything out of it. But the Messenger of Allah (May peace. be upon him) adhered to his own Talbiya. Jabir (Allah be pleased with him) said: We did not have any other intention but that of Hajj only, being unaware of the Umra (at that season), but when we came with him to the House, he touched the pillar and (made seven circuits) running three of them and walking four. And then going to the Station of Ibrahim, he recited:" And adopt the Station of Ibrahim as a place of prayer." And this Station was between him and the House. My father said (and I do not know whether he had made a mention of it but that was from Allah's Apostle [May peace be upon him] that he recited in two rak'ahs:" say: He is Allah One," and say:" Say: 0 unbelievers." He then returned to the pillar (Hajar Aswad) and kissed it. He then went out of the gate to al-Safa' and as he reached near it he recited:" Al-Safa' and al-Marwa are among the signs appointed by Allah," (adding: ) I begin with what Allah (has commanded me) to begin. He first mounted al-Safa' till he saw the House, and facing Qibla he declared the Oneness of Allah and glorified Him, and said:" There is no god but Allah, One, there is no partner with Him. His is the Sovereignty. to Him praise is due. and He is Powerful over everything. There is no god but Allah alone, Who fulfilled His promise, helped His servant and routed the confederates alone." He then made supplication in the course of that saying such words three times. He then descended and walked towards al-Marwa, and when his feet came down in the bottom of the valley, he ran, and when he began to ascend he walked till he reached al-Marwa. There he did as he had done at al-Safa'. And when it was his last running at al-Marwa he said: If I had known beforehand what I have come to know afterwards, I would not have brought sacrificial animals and would have performed an 'Umra. So, he who among you has not the sacrificial animals with him should put off Ihram and treat it as an Umra. Suraqa b. Malik b. Ju'sham got up and said: Messenger of Allah, does it apply to the present year, or does it apply forever? Thereupon the Messenger of Allah (May peace be upon him) intertwined the fingers (of one hand) into another and said twice: The 'Umra has become incorporated in the Hajj (adding):" No, but for ever and ever." 'All came from the Yemen with the sacrificial animals for the Prophet (May peace be upon him) and found Fatimah (Allah be pleased with her) to be one among those who had put off Ihram and had put on dyed clothes and had applied antimony. He (Hadrat'Ali) showed disapproval to it, whereupon she said: My father has commanded me to do this. He (the narrator) said that 'Ali used to say in Iraq: I went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ showing annoyance at Fatimah for what she had done, and asked the (verdict) of Messenger of Allah ﷺ regarding what she had narrated from him, and told him that I was angry with her, whereupon he said: She has told the truth, she has told the truth. (The Prophet then asked 'Ali): What did you say when you undertook to go for Hajj? I ('Ali) said: 0 Allah, I am putting on Ihram for the same purpose as Thy Messenger has put it on. He said: I have with me sacrificial animals, so do not put off the Ihram. He (Jabir) said: The total number of those sacrificial animals brought by 'Ali from the Yemen and of those brought by the Apostle ﷺ was one hundred. Then all the people except the Apostle ﷺ and those who had with them sacrificial animals, put off Ihram, and got their hair clipped; when it was the day of Tarwiya (8th of Dhu'l-Hijja) they went to Mina and put on the Ihram for Hajj and the Messenger of Ailah ﷺ rode and led the noon, afternoon, sunset 'Isha' and dawn prayers. He then waited a little till the sun rose, and commanded that a tent of hair should be pitched at Namira. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then set out and the Quraish did not doubt that he would halt at al-Mash'ar al-Haram (the sacred site) as the Quraish used to do in the pre-Islamic period. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ, however, passed on till he came to 'Arafa and he found that the tent had been pitched for him at Namira. There he got down till the sun had passed the meridian; he commanded that al-Qaswa should be brought and saddled for him. Then he came to the bottom of the valley, and addressed the people saying: Verily your blood, your property are as sacred and inviolable as the sacredness of this day of yours, in this month of yours, in this town of yours. Behold! Everything pertaining to the Days of Ignorance is under my feet completely abolished. Abolished are also the blood-revenges of the Days of Ignorance. The first claim of ours on blood-revenge which I abolish is that of the son of Rabi'a b. al-Harith, who was nursed among the tribe of Sa'd and killed by Hudhail. And the usury of she pre-Islamic period is abolished, and the first of our usury I abolish is that of 'Abbas b. 'Abd al-Muttalib, for it is all abolished. Fear Allah concerning women! Verily you have taken them on the security of Allah, and intercourse with them has been made lawful unto you by words of Allah. You too have right over them, and that they should not allow anyone to sit on your bed whom you do not like. But if they do that, you can chastise them but not severely. Their rights upon you are that you should provide them with food and clothing in a fitting manner. I have left among you the Book of Allah, and if you hold fast to it, you would never go astray. And you would be asked about me (on the Day of Resurrection), (now tell me) what would you say? They (the audience) said: We will bear witness that you have conveyed (the message), discharged (the ministry of Prophethood) and given wise (sincere) counsel. He (the narrator) said: He (the Holy Prophet) then raised his forefinger towards the sky and pointing it at the people (said):" O Allah, be witness. 0 Allah, be witness," saying it thrice. (Bilal then) pronounced Adhan and later on Iqama and he (the Holy Prophet) led the noon prayer. He (Bilal) then uttered Iqama and he (the Holy Prophet) led the afternoon prayer and he observed no other prayer in between the two. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then mounted his camel and came to the place of stay, making his she-camel al-Qaswa, turn towards the side where there we are rocks, having the path taken by those who went on foot in front of him, and faced the Qibla. He kept standing there till the sun set, and the yellow light had somewhat gone, and the disc of the sun had disappeared. He made Usama sit behind him, and he pulled the nosestring of Qaswa so forcefully that its head touched the saddle (in order to keep her under perfect control), and he pointed out to the people with his right hand to be moderate (in speed), and whenever he happened to pass over an elevated tract of sand, he slightly loosened it (the nose-string of his camel) till she climbed up and this is how he reached al-Muzdalifa. There he led the evening and 'Isha prayers with one Adhan and two Iqamas and did not glorify (Allah) in between them (i. e. he did not observe supererogatory rak'ahs between Maghrib and 'Isha' prayers). The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then lay down till dawn and offered the dawn prayer with an Adhan and Iqama when the morning light was clear. He again mounted al-Qaswa, and when he came to al-Mash'ar al-Haram, he faced towards Qibla, supplicated Him, Glorified Him, and pronounced His Uniqueness (La ilaha illa Allah) and Oneness, and kept standing till the daylight was very clear. He then went quickly before the sun rose, and seated behind him was al-Fadl b. 'Abbas and he was a man having beautiful hair and fair complexion and handsome face. As the Messenger of Allah (May peace be upon him) was moving on, there was also going a group of women (side by side with them). Al-Fadl began to look at them. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ placed his hand on the face of Fadl who then turned his face to the other side, and began to see, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ turned his hand to the other side and placed it on the face of al-Fadl. He again turned his face to the other side till he came to the bottom of Muhassir. 1680 He urged her (al-Qaswa) a little, and, following the middle road, which comes out at the greatest jamra, he came to the jamra which is near the tree. At this be threw seven small pebbles, saying Allah-o-Akbar while throwing every one of them in a manner in which the small pebbles are thrown (with the help of fingers) and this he did in the bottom of the valley. He then went to the place of sacrifice, and sacrificed sixty-three (camels) with his own hand. Then he gave the remaining number to 'All who sacrificed them, and he shared him in his sacrifice. He then commanded that a piece of flesh from each animal sacrificed should be put in a pot, and when it was cooked, both of them (the Prophet and Hadrat 'All) took some meat out of it and drank its soup. The Messenger of Allah (May peace be upon him) again rode and came to the House, and offered the Zuhr prayer at Mecca. He came to the tribe of Abd al-Muttalib, who were supplying water at Zamzam, and said: Draw water. O Bani 'Abd al-Muttalib; were it not that people would usurp this right of supplying water from you, I would have drawn it along with you. So they handed him a basket and he drank from it. (Using translation from Muslim 1218a)  

أَخْبَرَنِي عَنْ حَجَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ بِيَدِهِ وَعَقَدَ تِسْعًا وَقَالَ «إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَكَثَ تِسْعَ سِنِينَ لَمْ يَحُجَّ ثُمَّ أَذَّنَ فِي النَّاسِ فِي الْعَاشِرِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَاجٌّ فَقَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةِ بَشَرٌ كَثِيرٌ كُلُّهُمْ يَلْتَمِسُ أَنْ يَأْتَمَّ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَيَعْمَلَ مِثْلَ عَمَلِهِ فَخَرَجْنَا مَعَهُ حَتَّى أَتَيْنَا ذَا الْحُلَيْفَةِ فَوَلَدَتْ أَسْمَاءُ بِنْتُ عُمَيْسٍ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَأَرْسَلَتْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَيْفَ أَصْنَعُ فَقَالَ » اغْتَسِلِي وَاسْتَثْفِرِي بِثَوْبٍ وَأَحْرِمِي « فَصَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ ثُمَّ رَكِبَ الْقَصْوَاءَ حَتَّى إِذَا اسْتَوَتْ بِهِ نَاقَتُهُ عَلَى الْبَيْدَاءِ نَظَرْتُ إِلَى مَدِّ بَصَرِي بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ مِنْ رَاكِبٍ وَمَاشِي وَعَنْ يَمِينِهِ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ وَعَنْ يَسَارِهِ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ وَمِنْ خَلْفِهِ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِنَا وَعَلَيْهِ يَنْزِلُ الْقُرْآنُ وَهُوَ يَعْرِفُ تَأْوِيلَهُ وَمَا عَمِلَ بِهِ مِنْ شَيْءٍ عَمَلْنَا بِهِ فَأَهَلَّ بِالتَّوْحِيدِ » لَبَّيْكَ اللَّهُمَّ لَبَّيْكَ لَبَّيْكَ لَا شَرِيكَ لَكَ لَبَّيْكَ إِنَّ الْحَمْدَ وَالنِّعْمَةَ لَكَ وَالْمُلْكَ لَا شَرِيكَ لَكَ « وَأَهَلَّ النَّاسُ بِهَذَا الَّذِي يُهِلُّونَ بِهِ فَلَمْ يَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا وَلَزِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ تَلْبِيَتَهُ قَالَ جَابِرٌ لَسْنَا نَنْوِي إِلَّا الْحَجَّ لَسْنَا نَعْرِفُ الْعُمْرَةَ حَتَّى أَتَيْنَا الْبَيْتَ مَعَهُ اسْتَلَمَ الرُّكْنَ فَرَمَلَ ثَلَاثًا وَمَشَى أَرْبَعًا ثُمَّ تَقَدَّمَ إِلَى مَقَامِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فَقَرَأَ {وَاتَّخِذُوا مِنْ مَقَامِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ مُصَلًّى} فَجَعَلَ الْمَقَامَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْبَيْتِ فَكَانَ أَبِي يَقُولُ وَلَا أَعْلَمُهُ ذَكَرَهُ إِلَّا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ إِنَّهُ كَانَ يَقْرَأُ فِي الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ قُلْ هُوَ اللَّهُ أَحَدٌ وَقُلْ يَا أَيُّهَا الْكَافِرُونَ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى الرُّكْنِ فَاسْتَلَمَهُ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ مِنَ الْبَابِ إِلَى الصَّفَا فَلَمَّا دَنَا مِنَ الصَّفَا قَرَأَ {إِنَّ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةَ مِنْ شَعَائِرِ اللَّهِ} » أَبْدَأُ بِمَا بَدَأَ اللَّهُ بِهِ « فَبَدَأَ بِالصَّفَا فَرَقِيَ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى رَأَى الْبَيْتَ فَاسْتَقْبَلَ الْقِبْلَةَ وَوَحَّدَ اللَّهَ وَكَبَّرَهُ وَقَالَ » لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ لَهُ الْمَلِكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ نَجَزَ وَعْدَهُ وَنَصَرَ عَبْدَهُ وَهَزَمَ الْأَحْزَابَ وَحْدَهُ « ثُمَّ دَعَا بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ مِثْلَ هَذَا ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ ثُمَّ نَزَلَ إِلَى الْمَرْوَةِ حَتَّى انْصَبَّتْ قَدَمَاهُ إِلَى بَطْنِ الْوَادِي سَعَى حَتَّى إِذَا صَعِدَ مَشَى حَتَّى أَتَى الْمَرْوَةَ فَفَعَلَ عَلَى الْمَرْوَةِ كَمَا فَعَلَ عَلَى الصَّفَا حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ آخِرَ طَوَافٍ عَلَى الْمَرْوَةِ قَالَ » لَوْ أَنِّيَ اسْتَقْبَلْتُ مِنْ أَمْرِي مَا اسْتَدْبَرْتُ لَمْ أَسُقِ الْهَدْيَ وَجَعَلْتُهَا عَمْرَةً فَمَنْ كَانَ مِنْكُمْ لَيْسَ مَعَهُ هَدْيٌ فَلْيَحِلَّ وَلْيَجْعَلْهَا عَمْرَةً « فَقَامَ سُرَاقَةُ بْنُ جُعْشُمٍ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَلِعَامِنَا هَذَا أَمْ لِلْأَبَدِ؟ قَالَ فَشَبَّكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَصَابِعَهُ وَاحِدَةً فِي الْأُخْرَى وَقَالَ » دَخَلَتِ الْعُمْرَةُ فِي الْحَجِّ مَرَّتَيْنِ لَا بَلْ لِأَبَدِ الْأَبَدِ لَا بَلْ لِأَبَدِ الْأَبَدِ « وَقَدِمَ عَلِيُّ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ بِبُدْنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَوَجَدَ فَاطِمَةَ مِمَّنْ قَدْ حَلَّ وَلَبِسَتْ ثِيَابَ صِبْغٍ وَاكْتَحَلَتْ فَأَنْكَرَ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهَا فَقَالَتْ أَبِي أَمَرَنِي بِهَذَا قَالَ فَكَانَ عَلِيٌّ يَقُولُ بِالْعِرَاقِ فَذَهَبْتُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مُحَرِّشًا عَلَى فَاطِمَةِ لِلَّذِي صَنَعَتْ وَأَخْبَرْتُهُ أَنِّي أَنْكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهَا فَقَالَ ﷺ » صَدَقَتْ مَا قُلْتَ حِينَ فَرَضْتَ الْحَجَّ «قَالَ قُلْتُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أُهِلُّ بِمَا أَهَلَّ بِهِ رَسُولُكَ قَالَ » فَإِنَّ مَعِي الْهَدْيَ فَلَا تَحِلَّ « قَالَ فَكَانَ جَمَاعَةُ الْهَدْيِ الَّذِي قَدِمَ بِهِ عَلِيٌّ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ وَالَّذِي أَتَى بِهِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مِائَةً قَالَ فَحَلَّ النَّاسُ كُلُّهُمْ وَقَصَّرُوا إِلَّا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَمَنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ هَدْيٌ  

Fatima the daughter of the Prophet ﷺ sent someone to Abu Bakr (when he was a caliph), asking for her inheritance of what Messenger of Allah ﷺ had left of the property bestowed on him by Allah from the Fai (i.e. booty gained without fighting) in Medina, and Fadak, and what remained of the Khumus of the Khaibar booty. On that, Abu Bakr said, "Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Our property is not inherited. Whatever we leave, is Sadaqa, but the family of (the Prophet) Muhammad can eat of this property.' By Allah, I will not make any change in the state of the Sadaqa of Messenger of Allah ﷺ and will leave it as it was during the lifetime of Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and will dispose of it as Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to do." So Abu Bakr refused to give anything of that to Fatima. So she became angry with Abu Bakr and kept away from him, and did not task to him till she died. She remained alive for six months after the death of the Prophet. When she died, her husband ʿAli, buried her at night without informing Abu Bakr and he said the funeral prayer by himself. When Fatima was alive, the people used to respect ʿAli much, but after her death, ʿAli noticed a change in the people's attitude towards him. So ʿAli sought reconciliation with Abu Bakr and gave him an oath of allegiance. ʿAli had not given the oath of allegiance during those months (i.e. the period between the Prophet's death and Fatima's death). ʿAli sent someone to Abu Bakr saying, "Come to us, but let nobody come with you," as he disliked that ʿUmar should come, ʿUmar said (to Abu Bakr), "No, by Allah, you shall not enter upon them alone " Abu Bakr said, "What do you think they will do to me? By Allah, I will go to them' So Abu Bakr entered upon them, and then ʿAli uttered Tashah-hud and said (to Abu Bakr), "We know well your superiority and what Allah has given you, and we are not jealous of the good what Allah has bestowed upon you, but you did not consult us in the question of the rule and we thought that we have got a right in it because of our near relationship to Messenger of Allah ﷺ ." Thereupon Abu Bakr's eyes flowed with tears. And when Abu Bakr spoke, he said, "By Him in Whose Hand my soul is to keep good relations with the relatives of Messenger of Allah ﷺ is dearer to me than to keep good relations with my own relatives. But as for the trouble which arose between me and you about his property, I will do my best to spend it according to what is good, and will not leave any rule or regulation which I saw Messenger of Allah ﷺ following, in disposing of it, but I will follow." On that ʿAli said to Abu Bakr, "I promise to give you the oath of allegiance in this after noon." So when Abu Bakr had offered the Zuhr prayer, he ascended the pulpit and uttered the Tashah-hud and then mentioned the story of ʿAli and his failure to give the oath of allegiance, and excused him, accepting what excuses he had offered; Then ʿAli (got up) and praying (to Allah) for forgiveness, he uttered Tashah-hud, praised Abu Bakr's right, and said, that he had not done what he had done because of jealousy of Abu Bakr or as a protest of that Allah had favored him with. ʿAli added, "But we used to consider that we too had some right in this affair (of rulership) and that he (i.e. Abu Bakr) did not consult us in this matter, and therefore caused us to feel sorry." On that all the Muslims became happy and said, "You have done the right thing." The Muslims then became friendly with ʿAli as he returned to what the people had done (i.e. giving the oath of allegiance to Abu Bakr). (Using translation from Bukhārī 4240)  

أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَرْسَلَتْ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ تَسْأَلُهُ مِيرَاثَهَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِمَّا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَفَدَكَ وَمَا بَقِيَ مِنْ خُمُسِ خَيْبَرَ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «إِنَّا لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ إِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ فِي هَذَا الْمَالِ» وَإِنِّي وَاللَّهِ لَا أُغَيِّرُ شَيْئًا مِنْ صَدَقَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ حَالِهَا الَّتِي كَانَتْ عَلَيْهَا فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَلَأَعْمَلَنَّ فِيهَا بِمَا عَمِلَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَبَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنْ يَدْفَعَ إِلَى فَاطِمَةَ مِنْهَا شَيْئًا فَوَجَدَتْ فَاطِمَةُ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ فِي ذَلِكَ وَهَجَرَتْهُ فَلَمْ تُكَلِّمْهُ حَتَّى تُوُفِّيَتْ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِسِتَّةِ أَشْهُرٍ فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَتْ دَفَنَهَا زَوْجُهَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ لَيْلًا وَلَمْ يُؤْذِنْ بِهَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَصَلَّى عَلَيْهَا وَكَانَ لِعَلِيٍّ مِنَ النَّاسِ وِجْهَةٌ حَيَاةَ فَاطِمَةَ فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَتْ فَاطِمَةُ اسْتَنْكَرَ وُجُوهَ النَّاسِ فَالْتَمَسَ مُصَالَحَةَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَمُبَايَعَتَهُ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ بَايَعَ تِلْكَ الْأَشْهُرَ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَنِ ائْتِنَا وَلَا يَأْتِنَا مَعَكَ أَحَدٌ كَرَاهِيَةَ أَنْ يَحْضُرَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَاللَّهِ لَا تَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَحْدَكَ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَا عَسَى أَنْ يَفْعَلُوا بِي وَاللَّهِ لَآتِيَنَّهُمْ فَدَخَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَلَيْهِمْ فَتَشَهَّدَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَقَالَ إِنَّا قَدْ عَرَفْنَا يَا أَبَا بَكْرِ فَضِيلَتَكَ وَمَا أَعْطَاكَ اللَّهُ وَلَمْ أَنْفَسْ خَيْرًا سَاقَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْكَ وَلَكِنَّكَ اسْتَبْدَدْتَ عَلَيْنَا بِالْأَمْرِ وَكُنَّا نَرَى أَنَّ لَنَا حَقًّا لِقَرَابَتِنَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يُكَلِّمُ أَبَا بَكْرِ حَتَّى فَاضَتْ عَيْنَا أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَلَمَّا تَكَلَّمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ قَالَ وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَقَرَابَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أَصِلَ أَهْلِي وَقَرَابَتِي وَأَمَّا الَّذِي شَجَرَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكُمْ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأَمْوَالِ فَلَمْ آلُ فِيهَا عَنِ الْخَيْرِ وَلَمْ أَتْرُكْ أَمْرًا رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَصْنَعُهُ فِيهَا إِلَّا صَنَعْتُهُ فَقَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ مَوْعِدُكَ الْعَشِيَّةُ لِلْبَيْعَةِ فَلَمَّا صَلَّى أَبُو بَكْرٍ صَلَاةَ الظُّهْرِ رَقِيَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ فَتَشَهَّدَ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ شَأْنَ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَتَخَلُّفَهُ عَنِ الْبَيْعَةِ وَعُذْرَهُ بِالَّذِي اعْتَذَرَ إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ اسْتَغْفَرَ وَتَشَهَّدَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَعَظَّمَ حَقَّ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَحُرْمَتَهُ وَأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَحْمِلْهُ عَلَى الَّذِي صَنَعَ نَفَاسَةً عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَلَا إِنْكَارًا لِلَّذِي فَضَّلَهُ اللَّهُ بِهِ وَلَكِنَّا كُنَّا نَرَى لَنَا فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ نَصِيبًا فَاسْتَبَدَّ عَلَيْنَا بِهِ فَوَجَدْنَا فِي أَنْفُسِنَا فَسُرَّ بِذَلِكَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ وَقَالُوا أَصَبْتَ وَكَانَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ قَرِيبًا حِينَ رَاجَعَ الْأَمْرَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ «  

[Machine] "That Fatimah, the daughter of the Messenger of Allah, sent to Abu Bakr requesting her inheritance from the Messenger of Allah, from what Allah bestowed upon His Messenger. And Fatimah, may Allah be pleased with her, at that time sought the charity of the Messenger of Allah, which was in Medina and the remaining Khaybar. Aisha said: Abu Bakr said, 'Verily, the Messenger of Allah said, "We do not leave inheritance. What we leave behind is charity, for the family of Muhammad eats from this wealth. They do not have the right to increase their share of what is eaten." And by Allah, I will not change anything about the charity left by the Messenger of Allah.' Fatimah was displeased with Abu Bakr's decision and boycotted him. She did not speak to him until she passed away. She lived for six months after the death of the Messenger of Allah. When she died, Ali ibn Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased with him, buried her at night without Abu Bakr's permission. Ali then performed the funeral prayer for her. Ali was the closest person to Fatimah's life. When Fatimah, may Allah be pleased with her, passed away, people turned away from Ali until he rejected them. Ali then sought reconciliation with Abu Bakr and pledged allegiance to him. Abu Bakr was not present during those months, so he sent a message to Abu Bakr asking him to come alone, but Ali did not want Umar to witness their reconciliation due to Umar's severity towards them. Umar said to Abu Bakr, 'By Allah, they should not enter upon you alone.' Abu Bakr replied, 'What harm can they do to me? By Allah, I will go to them.' Abu Bakr entered and Ali said, 'By the One in whose hand is my soul, the kinship of the Messenger of Allah is more beloved to me than my own kinship. But what has come between me and you from these charitable funds, I have not turned away from goodness, nor have I neglected any matter regarding the manner in which the Messenger of Allah dealt with them. I saw the Messenger of Allah do nothing in regards to them except what I have done.' Ali said to Abu Bakr, 'Your appointment is tonight for the allegiance.' After Abu Bakr performed the Dhuhr prayer, he ascended the pulpit, made the supplication, and mentioned Ali's situation and his absence from the allegiance, and his excuse. Then he sought forgiveness and mentioned Ali, showing respect for Abu Bakr. He mentioned that he did not have any influence over Abu Bakr's actions nor did he deny his virtue granted by Allah. But they saw a share for themselves in the matter, and Abu Bakr acted unilaterally. Muslims were pleased with that and said to Ali, 'You have done the right thing.' The Muslims were close to Ali when he reconsidered the matter with good intentions."  

أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَرْسَلَتْ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ تَسْأَلُهُ مِيرَاثَهَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِيمَا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ وَفَاطِمَةُ رِضْوَانُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهَا حِينَئِذٍ تَطْلُبُ صَدَقَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ الَّتِي بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَفَدَكَ وَمَا بَقِيَ مِنْ خُمْسِ خَيْبَرَ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «لَا نُوَرَّثُ مَا تَرَكْنَاهُ صَدَقَةٌ إِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ مِنْ هَذَا الْمَالِ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ أَنْ يَزِيدُوا عَلَى الْمَأْكَلِ» وَإِنِّي وَاللَّهِ لَا أُغَيِّرُ شَيْئًا مِنْ صَدَقَاتِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ حَالِهَا الَّتِي كَانَتْ عَلَيْهَا فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَلَأَعْمَلَنَّ فِيهَا بِمَا عَمِلَ فِيهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَبَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنْ يَدْفَعَ إِلَى فَاطِمَةَ مِنْهَا شَيْئًا فَوَجَدَتْ فَاطِمَةُ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَهَجَرَتْهُ فَلَمْ تُكَلِّمْهُ حَتَّى تُوُفِّيَتْ وَعَاشَتْ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ سِتَّةَ أَشْهُرٍ فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَتْ دَفَنَهَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رِضْوَانُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ لَيْلًا وَلَمْ يُؤْذِنْ بِهَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهَا عَلِيٌّ وَكَانَ لِعَلِيٍّ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَجْهٌ حَيَاةَ فَاطِمَةَ فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَتْ فَاطِمَةُ رِضْوَانُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهَا انْصَرَفَتْ وجُوهُ النَّاسِ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ حَتَّى أَنْكَرَهُمْ فَضَرَعَ عَلِيٌّ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى مُصَالَحَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَمُبَايَعَتِهِ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ بَايَعَ تِلْكَ الْأَشْهُرَ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَنِ ائْتِنَا وَلَا يَأْتِنَا مَعَكَ أَحَدٌ وَكَرِهَ عَلِيٌّ أَنْ يَشْهَدَهُمَ عُمَرُ لِمَا يَعْلَمُ مِنْ شِدَّةِ عُمَرَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَاللَّهِ لَا تَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَحْدَكَ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَمَا عَسَى أَنْ يَفْعَلُوا بِي وَاللَّهِ لَآتِيَنَّهُمْ فَدَخَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَتَشَهَّدَ عَلِيٌّ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّا قَدْ عَرَفْنَا يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَضِيلَتَكَ وَمَا أَعْطَاكَ اللَّهُ وَإِنَّا لَمْ نَنْفَسْ عَلَيْكَ خَيْرًا سَاقَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَيْكَ وَلَكِنَّكَ اسْتَبْدَدْتَ عَلَيْنَا بِالْأَمْرِ وَكُنَّا نَرَى لَنَا حَقًّا وَذَكَرَ قَرَابَتَهُمْ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَحَقَّهُمْ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَتَكَلَّمُ حَتَّى فَاضَتْ عَيْنَا أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَلَمَّا تَكَلَّمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ قَالَ وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَقَرَابَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ أَنْ أَصِلَ مِنْ قَرَابَتِي وَأَمَّا الَّذِي شَجَرَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكُمْ مِنْ هَذِهِ الصَّدَقَاتِ فَإِنِّي لَمْ آلُ فِيهَا عَنِ الْخَيْرِ وَإِنِّي لَمْ أَكُنْ لِأَتْرُكَ فِيهَا أَمْرًا رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَصْنَعُ فِيهَا إِلَّا صَنَعْتُهُ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ مَوْعِدُكَ الْعَشِيَّةَ لِلْبَيْعَةِ فَلَمَّا أَنْ صَلَّى أَبُو بَكْرٍ صَلَاةَ الظُّهْرِ ارْتَقَى عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ فَتَشَهَّدَ وَذَكَرَ شَأْنَ عَلِيٍّ وَتَخَلُّفَهُ عَنِ الْبَيْعَةِ وَعُذْرَهُ بِالَّذِي اعْتَذَرَ إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ اسْتَغْفَرَ وَتَشَهَّدَ عَلِيٌّ فَعَظَّمَ حَقَّ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَحْمِلْهُ عَلَى الَّذِي صَنَعَ نَفَاسَةٌ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَلَا إِنْكَارُ فَضِيلَتِهِ الَّتِي فَضَّلَهُ اللَّهُ بِهَا وَلَكِنَّا كُنَّا نَرَى لَنَا فِي الْأَمْرِ نَصِيبًا وَاسْتَبَدَّ عَلَيْنَا فَوَجَدْنَا فِي أَنْفُسِنَا فَسُرَّ بِذَلِكَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ وَقَالُوا لِعَلِيٍّ أَصَبْتَ وَكَانَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ قَرِيبًا حِينَ رَاجَعَ عَلَى الْأَمْرِ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ  

[Machine] The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was not supported in a place where he was supported in the Battle of Uhud and this was denied to him. Ibn Abbas said, "Between me and those who deny the Book of Allah, Allah says, 'And Allah has already fulfilled His promise to you when you were killing them with His permission.'" Ibn Abbas said, "The word 'until' in the verse means 'until he forgave you'," and this refers to the archers. This is because the Prophet ﷺ had stationed them at their position and he said, 'Protect our backs. If you see us being killed, do not come to our aid, and if you see us being victorious and gaining spoils, do not share with us.' So when Allah granted victory to the Prophet ﷺ and allowed him to attack the disbelievers, the archers left their positions and entered the battlefield to collect spoils, and the rows of the Prophet's companions became scattered. They were in this state when the horses from that location attacked the Prophet's ﷺ companions. They began striking one another, and many Muslims were killed. From the beginning of the day until the time when the standard-bearer of the disbelievers was killed, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his companions faced seven or nine of the enemy's division. The Muslims launched an attack against the horses, but they were not successful. The people said that the cave was beneath them, and the Shaytan shouted, 'Muhammad has been killed, so do not doubt it.' He said, 'And we do not doubt that he has indeed been killed,' until the Messenger of Allah ﷺ emerged between the two mountains and we recognized him by the way he walked. He said, 'So we rejoiced as if we had not been afflicted with what we had been afflicted with.' He said, 'Then he came to us while saying, 'The anger of Allah has intensified over a people who shed the blood of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.' And he said again, 'O Allah, they cannot defeat us until they come to us.' So he stayed for an hour, and then Abu Sufyan shouted from beneath the mountain, 'Declare your superiority, O Hubal! Where is the son of Abu Kabsha? Where is the son of Abu Quhafa? Where is the son of Al-Khattab?' Umar said, 'O Messenger of Allah, shall I answer him?' He said, 'Yes.' So when Abu Sufyan said, Declare your superiority, O Hubal!' Umar said, 'Allah is the Most High and the Most Honorable.' Abu Sufyan said, 'O son of Al-Khattab, you have obtained some good fortune, but today you have come face to face with its like.' Umar said, 'This is the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, this is Abu Bakr, and this is Umar.' Abu Sufyan said, 'There are days that alternate with one another, and this is a battle where lives are lost.' Umar said, 'Killing us does not compare to being killed in Paradise.' Abu Sufyan said, 'You believe that?' Umar said, 'Indeed, if that is what you think, then we have lost and been defeated.' Then Abu Sufyan said, 'You will find in our killing you similar to our being killed.' And this was not according to our opinion. Then he was met by Hamiyah, the chief of the idolaters, and he said, 'Indeed, what you have said is something we do not deny.'"  

مَا نُصِرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي مَوْطِنٍ نَصْرَهُ فِي أُحُدٍ فَأُنْكِرَ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ مَنْ يُنْكِرُ كِتَابُ اللهِ إِنَّ اللهَ يَقُولُ {وَلَقَدْ صَدَقَكُمُ اللهُ وَعْدَهُ إِذْ تَحُسُّونَهُمْ بِإِذْنِهِ} فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَالْحَسُّ الْقَتْلُ {حَتَّى إِذَا فَشِلْتُمْ} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {وَلَقَدْ عَفَا عَنْكُمْ وَاللهُ ذُو فَضْلٍ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ} وَإِنَّمَا عَنَى بِهَذَا الرُّمَاةَ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَقَامَهُمْ فِي مَرْصَدٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ «احْمُوا ظُهُورَنَا فَإِنْ رَأَيْتُمُونَا نُقْتَلُ فَلَا تَنْصُرُونَا وَإِنْ رَأَيْتُمُونَا قَدْ غَنِمْنَا فَلَا تَشْرَكُونَا» فَلَمَّا غَنَّمَ اللهُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَأَبَاحَهُ عَسْكَرَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ انْكَفَّتِ الرُّمَاةُ جَمِيعًا فَدَخَلُوا الْعَسْكَرَ يَنْتَهِبُونَ وَقَدِ الْتَفَّتْ صُفُوفُ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَهُمْ هَكَذَا وَشَبَّكَ بَيْنَ أَصَابِعِهِ الْيُمْنَى وَالْيُسْرَى فَلَمَّا أَخْلَتِ الرُّمَاةُ تِلْكَ الْحُلَّةَ الَّتِي كَانُوا فِيهَا دَخَلَتِ الْخَيْلُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْمَوْضِعِ عَلَى أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَضَرَبَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا وَقُتِلَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ نَاسٌ كَثِيرٌ وَقَدْ كَانَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابِهِ مِنْ أَوَّلِ النَّهَارِ حَتَّى مِنْ أَصْحَابِ لِوَاءِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ سَبْعَةً أَوْ تِسْعَةً وَجَالَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ جَوْلَةً نَحْوَ الْخَيْلِ وَلَمْ يَبْلُغُوا حَيْثُ يَقُولُ النَّاسُ الْغَارَ إِنَّمَا كَانُوا تَحْتَ الْمِهْرَاسِ وَصَاحَ الشَّيْطَانُ قُتِلَ مُحَمَّدٌ فَلَمْ نَشُكَّ فِيهِ أَنَّهُ حَقٌّ قَالَ وَإِنَّا كَذَلِكَ لَا نَشُكُّ أَنَّهُ حَقٌّ قَدْ قُتِلَ حَتَّى طَلَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَيْنَ الشِّعْبَيْنِ فَعَرَفْتُهُ بِتَكَفُّئِهِ إِذَا مَشَى قَالَ فَفَرِحْنَا حَتَّى كَأَنَّهُ لَمْ يُصِبْنَا مَا أَصَابَنَا قَالَ فَرَقَى نَحْوَنَا وَهُوَ يَقُولُ «اشْتَدَّ غَضَبُ اللهِ عَلَى قَوْمٍ دَمَوْا وَجْهَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ» قَالَ وَيَقُولُ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى «اللهُمَّ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ أَنْ يَعْلُونَا حَتَّى يَنْتَهُوا إِلَيْنَا» فَمَكَثَ سَاعَةً وَإِذَا أَبُو سُفْيَانَ يَصِيحُ مِنْ أَسْفَلِ الْجَبَلِ اعْلُ هُبَلُ يَعْنِي آلِهَتَهُ أَيْنَ ابْنُ أَبِي كَبْشَةَ أَيْنَ ابْنُ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ أَيْنَ ابْنُ الْخَطَّابِ؟ قَالَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَفَلَا أُجِيبُهُ؟ قَالَ «بَلَى» قَالَ فَلَمَّا قَالَ اعْلُ هُبَلُ قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ اللهُ أَعْلَى وَأَجَلُّ قَالَ فَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ إِنَّكَ قَدْ أَنْعَمْتَ فَعَادَ لِمِثْلِهَا فَقَالَ أَيْنَ ابْنُ أَبِي كَبْشَةَ أَيْنَ ابْنُ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ أَيْنَ ابْنُ الْخَطَّابِ؟ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ هَذَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ هَذَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَهَذَا أَنَا عُمَرُ فَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ يَوْمٌ بِيَوْمِ بَدْرٍ إِنَّ الْأَيَّامَ دُوَلٌ وَإِنَّ الْحَرْبَ سِجَالٌ قَالَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لَا سَوَاءَ قَتْلَانَا فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَقَتْلَاكُمْ فِي النَّارِ فَقَالَ إِنَّكُمْ لَتَزْعُمُونَ ذَلِكَ لَقَدْ خِبْنَا إِذًا وَخَسِرْنَا ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ أَمَا إِنَّكُمْ سَتَجِدُونَ فِي قَتْلَاكُمْ مُثْلًا وَلَمْ يَكُنْ ذَلِكَ عَنْ رَأْيِ كُبَرَائِنَا ثُمَّ أَدْرَكَتْهُ حَمِيَّةُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَقَالَ أَمَا إِنَّهُ كَانَ ذَلِكَ لَمْ نَكْرَهْهُ  

[Machine] I said, "O mother of the believers, or O mother, won't you tell me how the incident of the slander was?"

She said, "The Messenger of Allah married me when I was a young girl and I used to play with dolls in the house of Medina. I had no desire for men until I grew up and it was mentioned to me that I would be married to the Messenger of Allah. So, the Messenger of Allah married me when I was nine years old, and then I joined him in his migration to Medina while I was a young girl. There, I became sick and the people accommodated me while the Messenger of Allah would go out for his journey. When they returned, I was still where they had left me and I still remained covered with my veil on my camel's back. They came to a halt and I went out to fulfill my needs and when I returned, they had already departed. I could only see dust from a distance. Suddenly, they realized I was still there in the howdah. Due to my light weight, they lifted the howdah with me in it on top of the camel's back and then they proceeded. When they reached their destination, one of the men took the camel's reigns. I asked, "Who is this man?" They replied, "Safwan bin Al-Mu'attal Al-Sulami." I said, "O mother of the believers, is it really you?" I said, "Yes." He said, "We belong to Allah and to Him we shall return." I said, "Turn your face away from me and place your foot on the camel's rein." He said, "I will do it. It's really a favor and honor for me." She continued, "Then I witnessed the people who arrived while they dismounted. My Prophet stopped and left me by the howdah. People were able to see me while I moved the veil. When I sat in the howdah, I hit my chest with my hand, forgetting that I had left my necklace behind. I hurried back to look for it but when I returned, they had already started moving and I could only see dust from a distance. They had placed the howdah on the camel's back without knowing I was still in there due to my light weight. Suddenly, a man took the camel's reins. I asked, "Who is this man?" It was Safwan bin Al-Mu'attal Al-Sulami. I said, "O mother of the believers, is it really you?" I said, "Yes." He said, "We belong to Allah and to Him we shall return." I said, "Turn your face away from me and place your foot on the camel's rein." He said, "I will do it. It's really a favor and honor for me." She continued, "Then I realized that the people had left me and I could only see dust from a distance. My father was taking care of me. He took all the clothes in the house and threw them on me. Then he consulted the Messenger of Allah's companions and asked them, "What do you think?" Some of them said, "She's a woman capable of such things and she has the ability to do so." Some of them said, "You're the Messenger of Allah and revelation comes to you. Our affairs are subject to your command." Some others said, "Allah will surely expose her innocence by confirming it Himself. Don't be hasty." She continued, "My father gave  

قُلْتُ يَا أُمَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَوْ يَا أُمَّتَاهُ أَلَا تُحَدِّثِينِي كَيْفَ كَانَ يَعْنِي أَمْرُ الْإِفْكِ؟ قَالَتْ تَزَوَّجَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ وَأَنَا أَخُوضُ الْمَطَرَ بِمَكَّةَ وَمَا عِنْدِي مَا يَرْغَبُ فِيهِ الرِّجَالُ وَأَنَا بِنْتُ سِتِّ سِنِينَ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَنِي أَنَّهُ تَزَوَّجَنِي أَلْقَى الله عَلَيَّ الْحَيَاءَ ثُمَّ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ هَاجَرَ وَأَنَا مَعَهُ فَاحْتُمِلْتُ إِلَيْهِ وَقَدْ جَاءَنِي وَأَنَا بِنْتُ تِسْعِ سِنِينَ فَسَارَ رَسُولُ اللهِ مَسِيرًا فَخَرَجَ بِي مَعَهُ وَكُنْتُ خَفِيفَةً فِي حَدَجَةٍ لِي عَلَيْهَا سُتُورٌ فَإِذَا ارْتَحَلُوا جَلَسْتُ عَلَيْهَا وَاحْتَمَلُوا وَأَنَا فِيهَا فَشَدُّوهَا عَلَى ظَهْرِ الْبَعِيرِ فَنَزَلُوا مَنْزِلًا وَخَرَجْتُ لِحَاجَتِي فَرَجَعْتُ وَقَدْ بَادَرُوا بِالرَّحِيلِ فَجَلَسْتُ فِي الْحَدَاجَةِ وَقَدْ رَأَوْنِي حِينَ حَرَّكْتُ السُّتُورَ فَلَمَّا جَلَسْتُ فِيهَا ضَرَبْتُ بِيَدِي عَلَى صَدْرِي فَإِذَا قَدْ نَسِيتُ قِلَادَةً كَانَتْ مَعِي فَخَرَجْتُ مُسْرِعَةً أَطْلُبُهَا فَرَجَعْتُ فَإِذَا الْقَوْمُ قَدْ سَارُوا فَإِذَا أَنَا لَا أَرَى إِلَّا الْغُبَارَ مِنْ بَعِيدٍ فَإِذَا هُمْ قَدْ وَضَعُوا الْحَدَاجَةَ عَلَى ظَهْرِ الْبَعِيرِ لَا يَرَوْنِي إِلَّا أَنِّي فِيهَا لِمَا رَأَوْا مِنْ خِفَّتِي فَإِذَا رَجُلٌ آخِذٌ بِرَأْسِ بَعِيرِهِ فَقُلْتُ مَنِ الرَّجُلُ؟ قَالَ صَفْوَانُ بْنُ الْمُعَطَّلِ السُّلَمِيُّ أُمُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَنْتِ؟ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ قُلْتُ أَدِرْ عَنِّي وَجْهَكَ وَضَعْ رِجْلَكَ عَلَى ذِرَاعِ بَعِيرِكَ قَالَ أَفْعَلُ وَنُعْمَةُ عَيْنٍ وَكَرَامَةٌ قَالَتْ فَأَدْرَكْتُ النَّاسَ حِينَ نَزَلُوا فَذَهَبَ فَوَضَعَنِي عِنْدَ الْحَدَاجَةِ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيَّ النَّاسُ وَلَا أَشْعُرُ قَالَتْ وَأَنْكَرْتُ لُطْفَ أَبَوَيَّ وَأَنْكَرْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ وَلَا أَعْلَمُ مَا قَدْ كَانَ قِيلَ حَتَّى دَخَلَتْ خَادِمَتِي أَوْ رَبِيبَتِي فَقَالَتْ كَذَا قَالَتْ وَقَالَ لِي رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ مَا أَغْفَلَكِ؟ فَأَخَذَتْنِي حُمَّى نَافِضٌ فَأَخَذَتْ أُمِّي كُلَّ ثَوْبٍ فِي الْبَيْتِ فَأَلْقَتْهُ عَلَيَّ فَاسْتَشَارَ رَسُولُ اللهِ أُنَاسًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ «مَا تَرَوْنَ؟» فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ مَا أَكْثَرَ النِّسَاءِ وَتَقْدِرُ عَلَى الْبَدَلِ وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَنْتَ رَسُولُ اللهِ وَعَلَيْكَ يَنْزِلُ الْوَحْيُ وَأَمْرُنَا لِأَمْرِكَ تَبَعٌ وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ وَاللهِ لَيُبَيِّنُنَّهُ اللهُ فَلَا تَعْجَلْ قَالَتْ وَقَدْ صَارَ وَجْهُ أَبِي كَأَنَّهُ صُبَّ عَلَيْهِ الزِّرْنِيخُ قَالَتْ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ فَرَأَى مَا بِي قَالَ «مَا لِهَذِهِ؟» قَالَتْ أُمِّي مِمَّا لِهَذِهِ مِمَّا قُلْتُمْ وَقِيلَ فَلَمْ يَتَكَلَّمْ وَلَمْ يَقُلْ شَيْئًا قَالَتْ فَزَادَنِي ذَلِكَ عَلَى مَا عِنْدِي قَالَتْ وَأَتَانِي فَقَالَ «اتَّقِي اللهَ يَا عَائِشَةُ وَإِنْ كُنْتِ قَارَفْتِ مِنْ هَذَا شَيْئًا فَتُوبِي إِلَى اللهِ فَإِنَّ اللهَ يَقْبَلُ التَّوْبَةَ عَنْ عِبَادِهِ وَيَعْفُو عَنِ السَّيِّئَاتِ» قَالَتْ وَطَلَبْتُ اسْمَ يَعْقُوبَ فَلَمْ أَقْدِرْ عَلَيْهِ فَقُلْتُ غَيْرَ أَنِّي أَقُولُ كَمَا قَالَ أَبُو يُوسُفَ {فَصَبْرٌ جَمِيلٌ وَاللهُ الْمُسْتَعَانُ عَلَى مَا تَصِفُونَ} {إِنَّمَا أَشْكُو بَثِّي} وَحُزْنِي إِلَى اللهِ وَأَعْلَمُ مِنَ اللهِ مَا لَا تَعْلَمُونَ قَالَتْ فَبَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ مَعَ أَصْحَابِهِ وَوَجْهُهُ كَأَنَّمَا ذِيبَ عَلَيْهِ الزِّرْنِيخُ حَتَّى نَزَلَ عَلَيْهِ الْوَحْيُ وَكَانَ إِذَا أُوحِيَ إِلَيْهِ لَمْ يَطْرِفْ فَعَرَفَ أَصْحَابُهُ أَنَّهُ يُوحَى إِلَيْهِ وَجَعَلُوا يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَى وَجْهِهِ وَهُوَ يَتَهَلَّلُ وَيُسْفِرُ فَلَمَّا قُضِيَ الْوَحْيُ قَالَ «أَبْشِرْ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ قَدْ أَنْزَلَ اللهُ عُذْرَ ابْنَتِكَ وَبَرَاءَتَهَا» فَانْطَلَقَ إِلَيْهَا فَبَشَّرَهَا قَالَتْ وَقَرَأَ عَلَيْهِ مَا نَزَلَ فِيَّ قَالَتْ وَأَقْبَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُسْرِعًا يَكَادُ أَنْ يَنْكَبَّ قَالَتْ فَقُلْتُ بِحَمْدِ اللهِ لَا بِحَمْدِ صَاحِبِكَ الَّذِي جِئْتَ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللهِ فَجَلَسَ عِنْدَ رَأْسِي فَأَخَذَ بِكَفِّي فَانْتَزَعْتُ يَدَيَّ مِنْهُ فَضَرَبَنِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَقَالَ أَتَنْزِعِينَ كَفَّكِ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ؟ أَوَبِرَسُولِ اللهِ تَفْعَلِينَ هَذَا؟ فَضَحِكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ قَالَتْ فَهَذَا كَانَ أَمْرِي  

[Machine] It is reported that the Ansar went against us and gathered with their families in the Saqifah of Bani Sa'ida. Ali and Zubair also went against us and those who were with them. The Muhajireen gathered with Abu Bakr. So I said to Abu Bakr, "O Abu Bakr, come with us to our brothers from the Ansar." So we departed with the intention of meeting them. When we approached them, we met two righteous men from among them. They mentioned what the people had been saying about them. We told them that we wanted our brothers from the Ansar. They said to us, "It is not upon you to come near them. Deal with your own affairs." So I said, "By Allah, we will approach them." So we went until we reached them in the Saqifah of Bani Sa'ida. There, we saw a man wrapped in a garment between them. I asked, "Who is this?" They said, "This is Sa'ad bin Ubadah." I asked, "What is wrong with him?" They said, "He is sick." When we sat for a while, their speaker praised Allah and then mentioned their status. He said, "We are the Ansar of Allah and the battalion of Islam, and you are the Muhajireen. We are a group from us and there is a remnant from your people who have opposed us, trying to diminish our status and take the authority from us." Then when he remained silent, I intended to speak and I had prepared a speech that I found impressive, which I wanted to present to Abu Bakr. I even faked my speech in front of him, but I avoided mentioning the matter. Then Abu Bakr said, "Speak upon your mission." I hated that he said that and I feared becoming angry and that he would speak before me. Abu Bakr was more patient and respectful. By Allah, he did not leave any word that I found impressive in my false speech except that he said something similar or better than it. Until he remained silent. I said, "You have mentioned nothing but good, and you are deserving of it. We would not have known of this matter if it were not for this noble person from the Quraysh, who are the middle of the Arabs in lineage, wealth, and status. I am pleased with one of these two men, so pledge to either of them as you wish." I extended my hand, and Abu Bakr extended his hand, as did Abu Ubaydah bin Jarrah, who was sitting between us. I would not have disliked anything he said except that it was not in favor of me, apart from this, by Allah, even if he had slapped my neck, I would not have been closer to committing a sin than I am now. I prefer it to commanding a people in whom Abu Bakr is not their leader, O Allah, unless you make my soul understand at the time of my death something that I do not understand now." Then a speaker among the Ansar said, "I am their representative, Al-Muhakkak, and their spokesperson, Al-Murajjab. From us is an Amir and from you is an Amir, O people of Quraish." The noise increased and the voices raised until I feared disagreement. So I said, "Extend your hand, O Abu Bakr." So Abu Bakr extended his hand and I pledged allegiance to him. The Muhajireen pledged allegiance to him, and then the Ansar pledged allegiance to him.  

أَنَّ الْأَنْصَارَ خَالَفُونَا وَاجْتَمَعُوا بِأَسْرِهِمْ فِي سَقِيفَةِ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ وَخَالَفَ عَنَّا عَلِيٌّ وَالزُّبَيْرُ وَمَن مَعَهُمَا وَاجْتَمَعَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ فَقُلْتُ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ انْطَلِقْ بِنَا إِلَى إِخْوَانِنَا هَؤُلَاءِ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَانْطَلَقْنَا نُرِيدُهُمْ فَلَمَّا دَنَوْنَا مِنْهُمْ لَقِيَنَا مِنْهُمْ رَجُلَانِ صَالِحَانِ فَذَكَرَا مَا تَمَالَأَ عَلَيْهِ الْقَوْمُ فَقَالَا أَيْنَ تُرِيدُونَ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ؟ فَقُلْنَا نُرِيدُ إِخْوَانَنَا هَؤُلَاءِ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَقَالَا لَا عَلَيْكُمْ أَنْ لَا تَقْرَبُوهُمُ اقْضُوا أَمَرَكُمْ فقُلْتُ وَاللهِ لَنَأْتِيَنَّهُمْ فَانْطَلَقْنَا حَتَّى أَتَيْنَاهُمْ فِي سَقِيفَةِ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ فَإِذَا رَجُلٌ مُزَمَّلٌ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَيْهِمْ فَقُلْتُ مَنْ هَذَا؟ قَالُوا سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ فَقُلْتُ مَا لَهُ؟ قَالُوا يُوعَكُ فَلَمَّا جَلَسْنَا قَلِيلًا تَشَهَّدَ خَطِيبُهُمْ فَأَثْنَى عَلَى اللهِ بِمَا هُوَ أَهْلُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَنَحْنُ أَنْصَارُ اللهِ وَكَتِيبَةُ الْإِسْلَامِ وَأَنْتُمْ مَعْشَرَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ رَهْطٌ مِنَّا وَقَدْ دَفَّتْ دَافَّةٌ مِنْ قَوْمِكُمْ فَإِذَا هُمْ يُرِيدُونَ أَنْ يَخْتَزِلُونَا مِنْ أَصْلِنَا وَأَن يَحْضُنُونَا مِنَ الْأَمْرِ قَالَ فَلَمَّا سَكَتَ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَتَكَلَّمَ وَكُنْتُ زَوَّرْتُ مَقَالَةً أَعْجَبَتْنِي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُقَدِّمَهَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ وَكُنْتُ أُدَارِئُ عَنْهُ بَعْضَ الْحَدِّ فَلَمَّا أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَتَكَلَّمَ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ عَلَى رِسْلِكَ فَكَرِهْتُ أَنْ أُغْضِبَهُ فَتَكَلَّمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فَكَانَ هُوَ أَحْلَمَ مِنِّي وَأَوْقَرَ وَاللهِ مَا تَرَكَ مِنْ كَلِمَةٍ أَعْجَبَتْنِي فِي تَزْوِيرِي إِلَّا قَالَ فِي بَدِيهَتِهِ مِثْلَهَا أَوْ أَفْضَلَ مِنْهَا حَتَّى سَكَتَ قَالَ مَا ذَكَرْتُمْ مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَأَنْتُمْ لَهُ أَهْلٌ وَلَنْ نَعْرِفَ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ إِلَّا لِهَذَا الْحَيِّ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ هُمْ أَوْسَطُ الْعَرَبِ نَسَبًا وَدَارًا وَقَدْرًا وَقَدْ رَضِيتُ لَكُمْ أَحَدَ هَذَيْنِ الرَّجُلَيْنِ فَبَايِعُوا أَيَّهُمَا شِئْتُمْ وَأَخَذَ بِيَدِي وَبِيَدِ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ الْجَرَّاحِ وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ بَيْنَنَا فَلَمْ أَكْرَهْ مِمَّا قَالَ غَيْرَهَا كَانَ وَاللهِ أَنْ أُقَدَّمَ فَتُضْرَبَ عُنُقِي لَا يُقَرِّبُنِي ذَلِكَ مِنْ إِثْمٍ أَحَبَّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أَتَأَمَّرَ عَلَى قَوْمٍ فِيهِمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ اللهُمَّ إِلَّا أَنْ تُسَوِّلَ لِي نَفْسِي عِنْدَ الْمَوْتِ شَيْئًا لَا أَجِدُهُ الْآنَ فَقَالَ قَائِلُ الْأَنْصَارِ أَنَا جُذَيْلُهَا الْمُحَكَّكُ وَعُذَيْقُهَا الْمُرَجَّبُ مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَمِنْكُمْ أَمِيرٌ يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ وَكَثُرَ اللَّغَطُ وَارْتَفَعَتِ الْأَصْوَاتُ حَتَّى فَرِقْتُ مِنْ أَنْ يَقَعَ اخْتِلَافٌ فَقُلْتُ ابْسُطْ يَدَكَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَبَسَطَ يَدَهُ فَبَايَعْتُهُ وَبَايَعَهُ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ ثُمَّ بَايَعَتْهُ الْأَنْصَارُ  

(the wife of the Prophet) Messenger of Allah ﷺ died while Abu Bakr was at a place called As-Sunah (Al-'Aliya) 'Umar stood up and said, "By Allah! Messenger of Allah ﷺ is not dead!" 'Umar (later on) said, "By Allah! Nothing occurred to my mind except that." He said, "Verily! Allah will resurrect him and he will cut the hands and legs of some men." Then Abu Bakr came and uncovered the face of Messenger of Allah ﷺ, kissed him and said, "Let my mother and father be sacrificed for you, (O Messenger of Allah ﷺ), you are good in life and in death. By Allah in Whose Hands my life is, Allah will never make you taste death twice." Then he went out and said, "O oath-taker! Don't be hasty." When Abu Bakr spoke, 'Umar sat down. Abu Bakr praised and glorified Allah and said, No doubt! Whoever worshipped Muhammad, then Muhammad is dead, but whoever worshipped Allah, then Allah is Alive and shall never die." Then he recited Allah's Statement.:-- "(O Muhammad) Verily you will die, and they also will die." (39.30) He also recited:-- "Muhammad is no more than an Apostle; and indeed many Apostles have passed away, before him, If he dies Or is killed, will you then Turn back on your heels? And he who turns back On his heels, not the least Harm will he do to Allah And Allah will give reward to those Who are grateful." (3.144) The people wept loudly, and the Ansar were assembled with Sad bin 'Ubada in the shed of Bani Saida. They said (to the emigrants). "There should be one 'Amir from us and one from you." Then Abu Bakr, Umar bin Al-Khattab and Abu 'baida bin Al-Jarrah went to them. 'Umar wanted to speak but Abu Bakr stopped him. 'Umar later on used to say, "By Allah, I intended only to say something that appealed to me and I was afraid that Abu Bakr would not speak so well. Then Abu Bakr spoke and his speech was very eloquent. He said in his statement, "We are the rulers and you (Ansars) are the ministers (i.e. advisers)," Hubab bin Al-Mundhir said, "No, by Allah we won't accept this. But there must be a ruler from us and a ruler from you." Abu Bakr said, "No, we will be the rulers and you will be the ministers, for they (i.e. Quarish) are the best family amongst the 'Arabs and of best origin. So you should elect either 'Umar or Abu 'Ubaida bin Al-Jarrah as your ruler." 'Umar said (to Abu Bakr), "No but we elect you, for you are our chief and the best amongst us and the most beloved of all of us to Messenger of Allah ﷺ." So 'Umar took Abu Bakr's hand and gave the pledge of allegiance and the people too gave the pledge of allegiance to Abu Bakr. Someone said, "You have killed Sad bin Ubada." 'Umar said, "Allah has killed him." (Using translation from Bukhārī 3667)   

ﷺ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ مَاتَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ بِالسُّنْحِ فَقَامَ عُمَرُ ؓ فَقَالَ وَاللهِ مَا مَاتَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ وَاللهِ مَا كَانَ يَقَعُ فِي نَفْسِي إِلَّا ذَاكَ وَلَيَبْعَثَنَّهُ اللهُ ﷻ فَيَقْطَعَنَّ أَيْدِيَ رِجَالٍ وَأَرْجُلَهُمْ فَجَاءَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فَكَشَفَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَبَّلَهُ وَقَالَ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي طِبْتَ حَيًّا وَمَيِّتًا وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَا يُذِيقُكَ اللهُ ﷻ الْمَوْتَتَيْنِ أَبَدًا ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا الْحَالِفُ عَلَى رِسْلِكَ فَلَمَّا تَكَلَّمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ جَلَسَ عُمَرُ ؓ فَحَمِدَ اللهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَنْ كَانَ يَعْبُدُ مُحَمَّدًا فَإِنَّ مُحَمَّدًا قَدْ مَاتَ وَمَن كَانَ يَعْبُدُ اللهَ ﷻ فَإِنَّ اللهَ حَيُّ لَا يَمُوتُ وَقَالَ {إِنَّكَ مَيِّتٌ وَإِنَّهُمْ مَيِّتُونَ} [الزمر 30] وَقَالَ {وَمَا مُحَمَّدٌ إِلَّا رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ أَفَإِنْ مَاتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ انْقَلَبْتُمْ عَلَى أَعْقَابِكُمْ وَمَنْ يَنْقَلِبْ عَلَى عَقِبَيْهِ} [آل عمران 144] الْآيَةَ كُلَّهَا فَنَشَجَ النَّاسُ يَبْكُونَ وَاجْتَمَعَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ إِلَى سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ ؓ فِي سَقِيفَةِ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ فَقَالُوا مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَمِنْكُمْ أَمِيرٌ فَذَهَبَ إِلَيْهِمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ وَأَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ ؓ فَذَهَبَ عُمَرُ يَتَكَلَّمُ فَأَسْكَتَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فَكَانَ عُمَرُ ؓ يَقُولُ وَاللهِ مَا أَرَدْتُ بِذَاكَ إِلَّا أَنِّي قَدْ هَيَّأْتُ كَلَامًا قَدْ أَعْجَبَنِي خَشِيتُ أَنْ لَا يَبْلُغَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فَتَكَلَّمَ وَأَبْلَغَ فَقَالَ فِي كَلَامِهِ نَحْنُ الْأُمَرَاءُ وَأَنْتُمُ الْوُزَرَاءُ قَالَ الْحُبَابُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ لَا وَاللهِ لَا نَفْعَلُ أَبَدًا مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَمِنْكُمْ أَمِيرٌ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ لَا وَلَكِنَّا الْأُمَرَاءُ وَأَنْتُمُ الْوُزَرَاءُ هُمْ أَوْسَطُ الْعَرَبِ دَارًا وَأَعْرَبُهُمْ أَحْسَابًا فَبَايِعُوا عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ أَوْ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ بْنَ الْجَرَّاحِ ؓ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بَلْ نُبَايِعُكَ أَنْتَ خَيْرُنَا وَسَيِّدُنَا وَأَحَبُّ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَخَذَ عُمَرُ بِيَدِهِ فَبَايَعَهُ وَبَايَعَهُ النَّاسُ فَقَالَ قَائِلٌ قَتَلْتُمْ سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ قَتَلَهُ اللهُ  

"عن موسى بن جبير، عن شيوخٍ من أَهْلِ المدينةِ قالوا: كتب عمرُ ابن الخطاب إلى عمرو بن العاص: أما بعدُ فإنى قد فرضتُ لمن قِبَلى في الديوان ولذرِّيَّتِهم ولمن (وَرَد) علينا (بالمدينة) من أهل اليمنِ وغيرهم ممن توجَّه إليك، وإلى البلدان فانْظُرْ من فرضتُ له ونزلَ بك فأدِرْ عليه العطاءَ وعلى ذُريّته، ومن نزل بك ممن لم أفرضْ له فافرض له على نحو ما رأيتَنى فرضتُ لأَشْباههِ، وخذ لِنفْسك مائتى دينارٍ، فهذهِ فرائض أَهْلِ بدرٍ من المهاجرين والأنصارِ، ولم أُبَلِّغ بهَذا أحدًا من نُظَرائِك غيرَك؛ لأنَّك من عمَّال المسلمين فَأَلحقْتُك بأرْفَعِ ذَلك، وقد علمتَ أن مُؤْنَتَنا تَلْزمُك، فوفِّر الخَراجَ وخذْه من حقِّه، ثم عِفَّ عنه بعد جَمْعهِ، فإذا حصلَ إليك وجمعْته أخرجْتَ عطاءَ المسلمين وذُرِّيتهم، وما يُحْتاج إليه مما لابُدَّ منه، ثم انظر فيما فَضَل بعدَ ذلك فاحْمِله إلىَّ، واعلم أن ما قِبَلَك من أرضِ مصرَ ليس فيه خُمُسٌ، وإنما هى أرضُ صُلحٍ وما فيها للمسلمين فَىْءٌ، يُبْدَأُ بمنْ أَغْنى عنْهم في ثغورِهم وأجزأ عنهم في أعمالِهم، ثم تُفِيضُ ما فَضَلَ بعد ذلك على من سَمَّى اللَّه، واعلم يا عمرو أن اللَّه يراك ويرى عملك، فإنه قال: تبارك وتعالى في كتابه: {وَاجْعَلْنَا لِلْمُتَّقِينَ إِمَامًا} ويعلم من سريرتك ما يعلم من علانيتك فلتكن تقتدى به، وإن

معك أهلَ ذمةٍ وعهد قد أوصى رسول اللَّه ﷺ بِهم، وأوصى بالقِبْط، فقال: استوصوا بالقبط خيرًا فإِن لهم ذِمَّة ورَحِمًا، ورحِمُهم أَنَّ إسماعيلَ منهم، وقد قال رسول اللَّه ﷺ : من ظلم معاهَدًا أو كلَّفه فوق طاقته فأنا خصمه يومَ القِيامَة، احذر يا عَمْرو أن يَكون لقد ابتليتُ بولاية هذه الأمةِ وآنستُ من نفسى ضعفًا، وانتشرت رعيتى، وَرَقَّ عَظمِى، فَأَسأَلُ اللَّه أن يَقبضَنى إليه غيرَ مفرّط، واللَّه إنى لأَخشى لو ماتَ حمل بِأقْصَى عملك ضياعا أن أُسْأل عنه يَوم القِيامَة".  

"عَنْ زكريا بن يحيى الوراق قال: قرئ على عبد اللَّه بن وهب وأنا أسمعُ: قال الثورى: قال مجالد: قال أبو الوداك: قال أبو سعيد: قال عمرُ بن الخطاب: قال رسولُ اللَّه ﷺ : قال أخى موسى -عليه السلام-: يا رب! أرنى الذى كنت أَريتنى في السفينة، فَأَوْحَى اللَّه إليه: يا موسى! إنك ستراهُ فلم يلبث إلا يسيرًا، حتى أتاه الخضرُ، وهو فتى طيب الريح وحسن ثياب البياض، فقال: السلام عليك ورحمة اللَّه يا موسى بن عمران! إن ربك يقرئك السلام ورحمة اللَّه، قال موسى: هو السلام، ومنه السلام وإليه السلام، والحمد للَّه رب العالمين الذى لا أُحصى نعمه، ولا أقدر على أداء شكره إلا بمعونته، ثم قال موسى: أريد أن توصينى بوصية ينفعنى اللَّه بها بعدك، قال الخضر: يا طالب العلم! إن القائل أَقلُّ ملالة من المستمع، فلا تُملَّ جلساءك إذا حدثتهم، واعلم أن قلبك وعاءٌ فانظر ماذا تحشو به وعاءَكَ، واعزف عن الدنيا وانبذْها ورَاءكَ؛ فإنها ليست لك بدارٍ ولا لك فيها محلُّ قرار وإنما جعلت بُلْغةً للعباد، ليتزَوَّدُوا منها للمعاد، ويا موسى: وطِّنْ نفسك على الصبر؛ تلق الحلم؛ (تخلص مِنَ الإِثْمِ) وأشعر قلبك التقوى؛ تنل العلم، وَرُض نفسكَ على الصبر، يا موسى: تفرغ للعلم إن كنت تريده؛ فإنما العلم لمن تَفرغ له، ولا تكوننَّ مكثارًا بالمنطق مهزارًا، فإن كثرة المنطق تشينُ العلماء، وتُبْدى مساوئ السُّخفاء، ولكن عليك بالاقتصاد فإن ذلك من التوفيق والسداد، وأعرض عن الجهال وباطلهم، واحلم عن السفهاء، فإن ذلك فعلُ الحكماء وزين العلماء: إذا شتمك

الجاهل فاسكت عنه حِلمًا، وحنانة حزمًا فإن ما بقى من جهله عليكَ وشتمه إياك أعظم وأكبر، يا ابن عمران! لا ترى أنك أوتيت من العلم إلا قليلًا، فإن الاندلاث والتعسف من الاقتحام والتكلف، يا ابن عمران! (لا تفتحن بابًا لا تدرى ما غلقه، ولا تغلقن بابًا لا تدرى ما فتحه)! يا ابن عمران! من لا ينتهى من الدنيا نهمته، ولا ينقضى منها رغبته، كيف يكون عابدًا! ومن يحقر حاله ويتهم اللَّه فيما قضى كيف يكون زاهدا؟ هل يكف عن الشهوات من غلب عليه هواه! أو ينفعه طلب العلم والجهل قد حواه! لأن سفره إلى آخرته وهو مقبل على دنياه، ويا موسى! تعلم ما تعلمت؛ لتعمل به، ولا تعلمه لتحدث به، فيكون عليك بوره ويكون لغيرك نوْره، ويا ابن عمران! اجعل الزهد والتقوى لباسك، والعلم والذكر كلامك، وأكثر من الحسنات، فإنك مصيب السيئات وزعزع بالخوف قلبك، فإن ذلك مُرضٍ ربك، واعمل خيرًا فإنك لا بد عامل سوء، قد وعظت إن حفظت، فتولى الخضر وبقى موسى حزينًا مكروبًا يبكى".  

"عَنِ ابن عباس، قال: قال عمرُ بن الخطاب: إنه كان مِنْ خَبرِنَا حيث تَوفَّى اللَّه نبيه ﷺ أن الأنصار خالفونا، واجتمعوا بأسْرِهم في سَقيفةِ بنى ساعدة، وخالف عنا علىٌّ والزبيرُ ومن مَعَهُما، واجتمعَ المهاجرون إلى أَبى بكرٍ، فقلت لأبى بكر: يا أبا بكر: انطلق بنا إلى إخواننا هؤلاء من الأنصار، فانطلقنا نريدهم، فلما دَنَوْنَا منهم لَقِينَا منهم رجلان صالحان فذكرا ما تمالأ عليه القوم، فقال: أين تريدونَ يا معشر المهاجرين؟ فقلنا: نرجو إخواننا من الأنصار، فقالا: لا عليكم أن لا تقربوهم، اقْضُوا أمركم، فقلت: واللَّه لنأتينهم، فانطلقنا حتى أتيناهم في سقيفة بنى ساعدة فإذا رَجُلٌ مُزَمَّل (*) بين ظهرانيهم، فَقُلْتُ: من هذا؟ قالوا: سعدُ بن عبادة، فقلت: ما له؟ قالوا: يَوْعَكُ، فلما جلسنا قليلًا تَشهَّدَ خطيبهم فأثنى على اللَّهِ بِما هُو أَهْلُهُ، ثم قال: أما بعدُ، فنحن أنصارُ اللَّهِ وَكَتِيبَةُ الإسلام، وأنتم مَعْشَرَ المهاجرين رهطٌ مِنَّا وقد دَفَّتْ دَافَّةٌ من قوْمِكم فإذا هم يريدون أن يختزلونا مِنْ أَصْلِنَا وأنْ يَخضُنُونا من هذا الأمر، فلما سكت أردت أن أتكلم، وكلنتُ زَوَرْتُ مقالةً أعجبتنى أريدُ أن أقدمَها بين يدى أَبى بكر، وكنت أدارى منه بعض الحِدَّة، فلما أردت أن أتكلم، قال أبو بكر: على رسلك فكرهت أن أغضبه، فتكلم فكان هوَ أعْلَمَ مِنِّى وَأَوْفَرَ، واللَّه ما ترك من كلمة أعجبتنى في تزويرى إلا قال في بديهته مِثْلَهَا وأفضل منها حتى سكت، قال: ما ذكرتم من خيرٍ فأنتم لَهُ أَهْلٌ، ولَنْ نَعْرفَ هذا الأمر إلا لهذا الحى من قريش، هُمْ أوسطُ العرب نَسَبًا وَدَارًا، وقد رَضِيتُ لكم أحدَ هذين الرجلين، فَبَايعُوا أَيَّهُمَا شِئْتُم، وأخذ بيدى وبيد أَبى عبيدة بن الجراح وهو جالس بيننا، فلم أكره مما قال غيرها، كان واللَّه أُقَدَّمَ فَيَضْرِبَ عُنُقى يقرينى ذَلِكَ مِنْ إِثْمٍ أحبَّ إلىّ من أن أَتَامَّرَ على قوم فيهم أبو بكر، اللهم إلا أن تُسَوِّلَ لِى نفسى عند الموت شَيْئًا لا أَجِدُهُ الآن، فقال قائل الأنصار: أَنَا جُذَيْلُها المُحَكَّكُ، وعُذَيْقُهَا المرجَّبُ، منا أمير ومنكم أمير يا معشرَ قريش، وكثر اللغط، وارتفعت الأصواتُ حتَّى فَرِقْتُ من أن يقع اختلافٌ، فقلت: ابسطْ يدَكَ يا أبا بكرٍ، فبسط يَدَهُ فبايَعْتُهُ وبايعه المهاجرون، ثُمَّ بايَعَهُ الأنصار وَنَزَوْنَا على سعد بن عبادةَ، فقال قائل منهم: قَتَلْتُم سَعْدًا فَقُلْتُ: قَتَلَ اللَّه سَعْدًا أمَا واللَّه ما وجدنا فيما حضرنا أمرا هو أوفَقُ من مبايعة أَبى بكر، خَشِينا إِنْ فارقنا القوم ولَمْ تَكُنْ بَيْعَةٌ أن يُحْدِثُوا بَعْدَنا بيعةً، فإما أن نُتَابعَهم على ما لا نرضى، وإما أن نخالفهمْ فَيكُونَ فِيهِ فسادٌ، فمن بايع أَميرًا من غير مشورة المسلمين فلا بيعةَ لَهُ، ولا بيعةَ لِلَّذِى بَايعَهُ تَغِرَّةَ أن يُقْتَلا".

. . . .  

"عنْ أبِى سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَمُحَمَّد بْنِ إبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ التَّيْمِى، وَعَبْدِ الله بْنِ السُّنِّى - دَخَلَ حَدِيثُ بَعْضِهِمِ فِى بَعْضٍ -: أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيق لَما اسْتُعِزَّ بِهِ دَعَا عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عَوْفٍ وَقَالَ: أَخْبِرْنِى (عَنْ) عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ: مَا تَسْأَلُنِى عَنْ أَمْرٍ إِلَّا وَأَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ مِنِّى، فقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: وإِنْ، فَقَالَ عَبْد الرَّحْمَنِ: هُوَ وَالله أَفْضَلُ مِنْ رَأيِكَ فِيهِ، ثُمَّ دَعَا عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ فَقَالَ: أَخْبِرْنِى عَنْ عُمَرَ، فَقَالَ: أَنْتَ أَخْبَرُنَا بِهِ، فَقَالَ: عَلَى ذَلِكَ، فَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ: اللَّهُمَّ عِلْمِى بِهِ أَنَّ سَرِيرَتَهُ خَيْرٌ مِنْ عَلَانِيَتِهِ، وَأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ فِينَا مِثْلُهُ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: يَرْحَمُكَ الله، لَوْ تَرَكْتُه لَمَا عَدَوْتُكَ، وَشَاوَرَ مَعَهُمَا سَعِيدَ بْنَ يَزِيدَ وأُسَيْدَ بْنَ الحُضَيرِ وَغَيرهُمَا مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالأَنْصَارِ، فَقَالَ أُسيْدٌ: اللَّهُمَّ أَعْلَمُهُ الْخِيَرَةَ بَعْدَكَ، يَرْضَى لِلرِّضَى ويَسْخَطُ للسُّخْط، الَّذِى يُسِرُّ خَيْرٌ مِنَ الَّذِى يُعْلِنُ، وَلَمْ يَلِ هَذَا الأَمْرَ أَحَدٌ أَقْوَى عَلَيْهِ مِنْهُ، وَسَمِعَ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِىِّ ﷺ بِدُخُولِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَعُثْمَانَ عَلَى أَبِى بَكْرٍ وخلْوَتهِمَا بِهِ فَدَخَلُوا عَلَى أَبِىْ بَكْرٍ، فَقَالَ لَه قَائِلٌ مِنْهُمْ: مَا أَنْتَ قَائِلٌ

لِرَبِّكَ إِذَا سَأَلَكَ عَنِ اسْتِخْلَافِكَ عُمَرَ عَلَيْنَا، وَقَدْ تَرَى غِلْظَتَهُ؟ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: أَجْلِسُونِى، أَبِاللهِ تُخَوِّفُونِى؟ خَابَ مَنْ تَزَوَّد مِنْ أَمْرِكُمْ بظُلْمٍ، أَقُولُ: اللَّهُمَّ اسْتَخْلَفْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ خَيْرَ أَهْلِكَ، أَبْلِغْ عنِّى مَا قُلْتُ لَكَ مَنْ وَرَاءَكَ، ثُمَّ اضْطَجَعَ وَدَعَا عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ فَقَالْ: اكْتُبْ "بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ"، هَذَا مَا عَهِدَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بنِ أَبِى قُحَافَة، فِى آخِرِ عَهْدِهِ بِالدُّنْيَا خَارِجًا مِنْهَا، وَعِنْدَ أَوَّلِ عَهْدِهِ بالآخِرَةِ دَاخِلًا فِيهَا حَيْتُ يُؤْمِنُ الكَافِرُ ويُوقِنُ الفَاجِرُ، ويَصْدُقُ الْكَاذِبُ، إِنِّى اسْتَخْلَفْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ بَعْدِى عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ، فَاسْتَمِعُوا لَهُ وَأَطِيعُوا، وَإِنِّى لَمْ آلُ الله وَرَسُولَهُ وَدِينَهُ وَنَفْسِى وَإِيَّاكُمْ خَيْرًا، قَالَ: (فَإِنْ) عَدَلَ فَذَلِكَ ظَنِّى بِهِ وَعِلْمِى فِيهِ، وَإِنْ بَدَّلَ فلِكُلِّ امْرِئٍ مَا اكْتَسَبَ، وَالْخَيْرَ أَرَدْتُ، ولَا أَعْلَمُ الْغَيْبَ، "وَسَيَعْلَمُ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا أَيَّ مُنْقَلَبٍ يَنْقَلِبُونَ" وَالسَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ ورَحْمَةُ الله، ثُمَّ أمَرَ بِالْكِتَابِ فَخَتَمَهُ، فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: لَمَّا أَمْلَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ (صَدْرَ هَذَا) الْكِتَابِ: بَقِىَ ذكْرُ عُمَرَ فَذُهِبَ بِهِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُسَمِّىَ أَحَدًا، فَكَتَبَ أَنِّى قَدِ اسْثَخْلَفْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ، ثُمَّ أَفَاقَ أبُو بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ: اقْرَأ عَلَىَّ مَا كَتَبْتَ، فَقَرَأَ عَلَيْه ذِكْرَ عُمَرَ، فَكَبَّر أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَقَالَ: أَرَاكَ خِفْتَ (إِنَّ أَقْبَلَتْ) نَفْسِى فِى غَشْيَتِى تِلْكَ يَخْتَلِفُ النَّاسُ، فَجزَاكَ الله عَنِ الإسْلَامِ وَأَهْلِهِ خَيْرًا، وَالله (إِنْ) كُنْتَ لَهَا لأَهْلًا، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُ فَخَرَجَ بِالْكِتَابِ مَخْتُومًا وَمَعَهُ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ، وَأُسَيدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْقُرظِىُّ، فَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ للنَّاسِ: أَتُبَايِعُونَ لِمن فِى هَذَا الْكِتَاب؟ قَالْوا، نَعَمْ فَأَقَرُّوا جَمِيعًا، وَرَضُوا بِهِ وبَايَعُوا، ثُمَّ دَعَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ عُمَرَ خَالِيًا (فأوصاه) بمَا أَوْصَاهُ بِهِ، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ فَرَفَعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَدَيْهِ مَدًا فَقَالَ: الَّلهُمَّ إِنِّى لَمْ أُرِدْ بِذَلِكَ إِلَّا إِصْلَاحَهُمْ، وَخِفْتُ عَلَيْهِمُ الْفِتْنَةَ (فَعَمِلْتُ) فِيهِمْ مَا أَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ، وَاجْتَهَدْتُ لَهُمْ رَأيي فَوَلَّيْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ خَيْرَهُمْ وأَقْوَاه عَلَيْهِمْ، وَأَحْرَصَهُ عَلَى مَا أَرْشَدَهُمْ، وَقدْ حَضَرَنِى مِنْ أَمْرِكَ مَا حَضَرَ، فَاخْلُفْنِى فِيهِمْ، فَهُمْ عِبَادُكَ، وَنَواصِيهِمْ بِيَدكَ، أَصْلِحْ لَهُمْ وَإِليْهِمْ، وَاجْعَلْهُ مِنْ خُلَفَائِكَ الرَّاشِدِينَ يَتَّبِعْ هَدْىَ نَبِىِّ الرَّحْمَةِ، وَهَدْىَ الصَّالِحينَ بَعْدَهُ، وَأَصْلِحْ لَهُ رَعِيَّتَهُ".  

" عَنْ عليٍّ قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ {وَأَنذِرْ عَشِيرَتَكَ الأقْرَبينَ} دَعَانِى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ: يَا عَلِىُّ إِنَّ الله أَمَرَنِى أَنْ أنذِرَ عَشيرَتِى الأَقْرَبينَ فَضِقْتُ بِذَلِكَ ذَرْعًا وَعَرَفْتُ أَنِّى مَهْمَا أُبَادِيهِمْ بِهَذَا الأمْرِ أَرَى مِنْهُمْ مَا أَكْرَهُ، فَصَمَتُّ عَلَيهاَ حَتَّى جَاءنِى جِبْرِيلُ فَقَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ! إِنَّكَ إِنَّ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ مَا تُؤْمَرُ بِهِ يُعَذِّبْكَ رَبُّكَ، فَاصْنَعْ لِى صَاعًا مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَاجْعَلْ عَلَيْهِ رِجْلَ شَاةٍ، وَاجْعَلْ لَنَا عُسّا مِنْ لَبَنٍ، ثُمَّ اجْمَعْ لِى بَنِى عَبْدِ الْمُطلِبِ حَتَّى أُكَلِّمَهمْ وَأُبَلَغِّ مَا أُمِرْتُ بِهِ فَفَعَلْتُ مَا أمَرَنِى بِهِ، ثُمَّ دَعَوْتُهُمْ لَهُ وَهُمْ يَوْمَئذٍ أَرْبَعُونَ رَجُلًا يَزِيدُونَ رَجُلًا أَوْ يَنْقُصُونَهُ، فِيهِمْ أَعْمَامُهُ: أَبُو طالِبٍ وَحَمْزَةُ، وَالْعَبَّاسُ، وَأَبُو لَهَبٍ، فَلَمَّا اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَيْه دَعَانِى بِالطَّعَامِ الَّذِى صَنَعْتُهُ لَهُمْ فَجِئْتُ بِهِ، فَلَمَّا وَضَعْتُهُ تَنَاوَلَ النَّبِى ﷺ حَذْيَةً مِنَ اللحْمِ فَشَقَّهَا بِأَسْنَانِهِ ثُمَّ أَلْقَاهَا فِى نَوَاحِى الصَّحْفَةِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: كُلُوا بِسْم اللهِ، فَأَكَلَ الْقَوْمُ حَتَّى نَهِلُوا عَنْهُ مَا نَرَى إِلاَّ آثَارَ أَصَابعِهِمْ، وَالله إِنْ كَانَ الرَّجُلُ الْوَاحِدُ مِنْهُمْ لَيَأكُلُ مِثْلَ مَا قَدَّمْتُ لِجَمِيعِهِمْ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: اسْقِ الْقَوْمَ يَا عَلِىُّ، فَجِئْتُهُمْ بِذَلِكَ الْعُسِّ فَشَرِبُوا مِنْهُ حَتَّى رَوَوْا جَمِيعًا، وَايْمُ اللهِ إِنْ كَانَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْهُمْ لَيَشْرَبُ مِثْلَهُ، فَلَمَّا أرَادَ النَّبِى ﷺ أَنْ يُكَلِّمَهُمْ بَدَرَهُ أَبُو لَهَبٍ إِلَى الْكَلاَمِ، فَقَالَ: لَقَدْ سَحَرَكُمْ صَاحِبُكُمْ فَتَفَرق الْقَوْمُ، وَلَمْ يُكَلِّمْهُمُ النَّبِىُّ ﷺ فَلَمَّا كانَ الْغَدُ قَالَ: يَا عَلِىُّ إِنَّ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ قَدْ سَبَقَنِى إِلَى مَا سَمْعتَ مِنَ الْقَوْلِ فَتَفَرَّقَ الْقَوْمُ قَبْلَ أَنْ أُكلِّمَهُمْ،

فَعُدَّ لَنَا مِثْلَ الَّذِى صَنَعْتَ بِالأَمْسِ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ وَالشَّراب، ثُمَّ اجْمَعْهُمْ لِى، فَفَعَلتُ ثُمَّ جَمَعْتُهُمْ، ثُمَّ دَعَانِى بِالطَّعَامِ فَقَرَّبْتُهُ، فَفَعَل كَمَا فَعَلَ بِالأمسِ، فَأَكَلُوا وَشَرِبُوا حَتَّى نَهِلوا، ثُمَّ تَكَلَّمَ النَّبِى ﷺ فَقَالَ: يَا بَنِى (عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ) ! إِنِّى وَاللهِ مَا أَعْلَمُ شَابّا فِى الْعَرَبِ جَاءَ قَوْمَهُ بِأَفْضَلَ مِمَّا جِئْتُكُمْ بِه، إِنِّى جِئْتُكُمْ بخَيْرِ الدُّنْيَا وَالآخَرِةِ، وَقَدْ أَمَرَنِى الله أَنْ أَدْعُوَكمْ إِلَيْهِ، فَأَيُّكُمْ يُؤَازِرُنِى عَلَى أَمْرِى هَذَا؟ فَقُلتُ - وَأَنَا أَحْدَثُهُمْ سِنّا، وَأَرْمَصُهُمْ عَيْنًا وَأَعْظَمُهُمْ بَطنًا، وَأَقْمَشُهُمْ سَاقًا -: أَنَا يَا نَبِىَ اللهِ أَكوُنُ وَزِيَركَ عَلَيْه فَأَخَذَ يَرْقُبُنِى، فَقَالَ: إِنَّ هَذَا أَخِى وَوَصِيِّى وَخَلِيفَتِى فِيكُمْ فَاسْمَعُوا لَهُ وَأَطِيعُوا، فَقَامَ الْقَوْمُ يَضْحَكُونَ وَيَقُولُونَ لأَبِي طَالِبٍ: قَدْ أَمَرَكَ أَنْ تَسْمَعَ وَتُطِيعَ لِعَلِىٍّ ".  

"عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَنَفيَّةِ قَالَ: لَمَّا قُتِلَ عُثْمانُ اسْتَخْفَى عَلِيٌّ فِى دَارٍ لأَبِي عَمْرو بْنِ مُحْصَن الأنصارِي، فَاجتمعَ الناسُ فَدَخَلُوا عَلَيْهِ الدَّارَ فَتَدَارَكُوا (*) عَلَى يَدِهِ لِيُبَايِعُوهُ تَدَارُكَ الإِبِل الْبُهْمِ (* *) عَلَى حِيَاضِهَا فقالوا: نُبَايِعُكَ، قَالَ: لَا حَاجَةَ لى فِى ذَلِكَ عَلَيْكُم بِطَلْحَةَ وَالزُّبَيْرِ. قالُوا: فَانْطَلِقْ مَعَنَا، فَخَرجَ عَلِيٌّ وَأَنَا مَعَهُ فِى جَمَاعةٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ حَتَّى أَتَيْنَا طَلْحَةَ بْنَ عُبَيْدِ الله فَقَالَ لَهُ: إِنَّ الناسَ قَد اجْتَمَعُوا لِيُبَايِعُونِي، وَلَا حَاجَةَ لِى فِي بَيْعَتِهِمْ فَابْسُطْ يَدَكَ أُبَايِعْكَ عَلَى كِتَابِ الله وسُنَّةِ رَسُولِهِ. فَقَال لَهُ طَلْحَةُ: أَنْتَ أَوْلَى بِذَلِكَ مِنِّى، وَأَحَقُّ لسَابِقَتِكَ وَقَرَابتكَ، وَقَد اجْتَمَعَ لَكَ مِنْ هَؤُلاِء النَّاسِ مَنْ قَدْ تَفَرَّقَ عَنِّى، فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ: أَخَافُ أَنْ تَنْكُثَ بَيْعَتِى، وَتَغْدُرَ بِى. قَالَ: لَا تَخَافَنَّ ذَلِكَ، فَوَالله لَا تَرَى مِنْ قِبَلِى أبَدًا شَيْئًا تَكْرَهُهُ، قَالَ: الله عَلَيْكَ بِذَلِكَ كَفِيلٌ؟ قَالَ: الله عَليَّ بِذَلِكَ كَفِيلٌ، ثُمَّ أَتَى الزُّبَيْرَ بْنَ الْعَوَّامِ وَنَحْنُ مَعَهُ. فَقَالَ لَهُ مِثْلَ مَا قَالَ لِطَلْحَةَ، وَرَدَّ عَلَيْه مِثْلَ الَّذى رَدَّ عَلَيْهِ طَلْحَةُ وَكَانَ طَلْحَةُ قَدْ أَخَذَ لِقَاحًا (* * *) لعُثْمانَ وَمَفَاتِيحَ بَيْتِ الْمَالِ، وَكَانَ النَّاسُ اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَيْه لِيُبَايِعُوهُ، وَلَمْ يَفْعَلُوا، فَضَرَبَ الرُّكْبانُ بِخَبَرهِ إلَى عَائشَةَ وَهِىَ بِسرف فَقَالَتْ: كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إلَى أُصْبعِهِ تُبَايِعُ بِخَبٍّ (* * * *) وَغَدْرٍ، قَالَ ابْنُ الْحَنَفِيَّةِ: لَمَّا اجْتَمعَ النَّاسُ عَلَى عَلىٍّ قَالُوا لَهُ: إِنَّ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ قَد قُتِلَ وَلَا بُدَّ لِلنَّاس مِنْ إِمَامٍ، وَلَا نجِدُ لِهَذَا الأَمْرِ أَحَقَّ مِنْكَ وَلَا أَقْدَمَ سَابقَةً، وَلَا أَقْرَبَ بِرَسُولِ الله ﷺ رَحِمًا مِنْكَ. قَالَ: لَا تَفْعَلُوا فَإِنِّى وَزِيرٌ خَيْرٌ مِنَّى لَكُمْ أَمِيرٌ قَالُوا: والله مَا نَحْنُ بِفَاعِلِين أَبَدًا حَتَّى نُبَايِعَكَ، وَتَدَاكُّوا عَلَى يَدِهِ، فلَمَّا رَأَى ذلكَ قَالَ:

إِنَّ بَيْعَتِى لَا تكُونُ فِى خَلْوَةٍ إِلَّا فِى الْمسجِدِ ظَاهِرًا، وَأَمَرَ مُنَادِيًا فَنَادَى: الْمَسْجِدَ الْمَسْجِدَ. فَخَرَجَ وَخَرَجَ النَّاسُ مَعَهُ، فَصَعِدَ المِنْبَرَ، فَحَمِد الله وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ: حَقٌّ وَبَاطِلٌ، وَلِكُلٍّ أَهْلٌ، وَلَئِن كَثُرَ الْبَاطِلُ (لَقد نَمَا وَلَئِن قَلَّ الْحَقُّ لربما ولَعَلَّ مَا أَدْبَرَ شَئٌ فأقبلَ (*)، وَلَئِن رُدَّ عَلَيْكُم أَمْرُكُم إِنَّكُم لَسُعَدَاءُ، وَإِنِّى أَخْشَى أَنْ تَكُونُوا فِى فَتْرَةٍ، وَمَا عَلَىَّ إِلَّا الجُهدُ، سَبَقَ الرَّجُلَانِ وَقَامَ الثالِثُ ثَلَاثةٍ، وَاثْنَانِ لَيْسَ مَعَهُمَا سَادِسٌ ملكٌ مقربٌ، وَمَنْ أَخَذَ الله مِيثَاقَهُ، وصديقٌ نَجَا، وسَاعٍ مُجْتَهِدٌ، وطَالِبٌ يَرْجُو أَثَرَ (* *) السَّادِسِ، هَلَكَ مَن ادَّعَى وَخابَ مَن افْتَرَى، الْيَمِينُ والشِّمَالُ تظلُّهُ، والطَّرِيقُ بالمنهج عَلَيْه بِمَا فِى الكِتَاب وآثَارِ النُّبُوَّةِ، فَإِنَّ الله أدَّبَ هَذِهِ الأُمَّةَ بِالسَّوْطِ والسَّيْف، لَيْسَ لأَحدٍ فِيهِمَا عِنْدَنَا هوَادَةٌ فَاسْتُرُوا سَوْآتِكُم، وَأصْلِحُوا ذَاتَ بَيْنِكُم، وتَعَاطَوْا الْحَقَّ فِيمَا بَيْنَكُم، فَمَن أَبْرَزَ صَفْحَتَهُ مُعَانِدًا لِلحَقِّ هَلَكَ، والتَّوْبَةُ مِنْ وَرَائِكُم، وَأَقُولُ قَوْلِى هَذا وَأَسْتَغْفِرُ الله لِى وَلَكُم، فَهِىَ أَوَّلُ خُطْبَةٍ خَطَبَها بَعْدَ مَا اسْتُخْلِفَ".  

"يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ أَفَلا أُعَلِّمُكَ كَلِمَاتٍ يَنْفَعُكَ اللهُ بِهِنَّ، وَيَنْفَعُ بِهِنَ مَنْ عَلَّمْتَهُ، وَيُثَبِّتُ مَا تَعَلمْتَ فِى صَدرِكَ؟ (قَالَ: أَجَلْ يَا رَسُول الله! فَعَلِّمنِى. قَالَ: إِذَا كانَ لَيْلَةُ الجُمُعَة، فَإِن اسْتَطعتَ أَنْ تَقُومَ فِى ثُلُت اللَّيْلِ الآخِرِ فَإِنَّها سَاعَةٌ مَشْهُودَةٌ، وَالدُّعَاءُ فِيها مُسْتَجَاب، وَقَد قَالَ أَخِى يَعقُوبُ لِبَنِيهِ: {سَوْفَ أَسْتَغْفِرُ لَكُمْ رَبِّي} (*) يَقُولُ: حَتَّى تَأتِى لَيْلَةُ الجُمُعَةِ، فَإِنْ لَمْ تَسْتَطِع فَقُم فِى وَسَطها، فَإنْ لَمْ تَستَطِع فَقُم فِى أوَّلِها فَصَلِّى أربَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ: تَقْرَأُ فِى الرَّكْعَةِ الأولَى (بِفَاتِحَةِ الكِتَابَ وسورة يس، وفى الركعة الثانية بفاتحة الكتاب وحم والدخان، وفى الركعة الثالثة بفاتحة الكتاب والم تَنْزِيلُ السَّجْدَةِ، وَفِى الرَّكْعَةِ الرابِعَةِ بِفَاتِحَةِ الْكتَابِ، وَتَبَارَكَ الْمُفَصَّل) فَإِذَا فَرَغْتَ مِن التَّشَهُّدِ فَاحمَد الله وَأَحسِنْ الثَّنَاءَ عَلَى اللهِ وَصَلِّ عَلَىَّ وَأَحسِنْ وَعَلَى سَائِرِ النَّبيِّينَ، وَاسْتَغْفرْ لِلمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالمُؤْمنَاتِ وَلإِخْوَانِكَ الَّذِينَ سَبَقُوكَ بِالإِيمَانِ، ثُمَّ قُلْ فِى آخِرِ ذَلِكَ: اللَّهُمَّ ارحَمْنِى بِتَركِ الْمَعَاصِى أَبَدًا مَا أَبْقَيْتَنِى وَارحَمَنِى أَنْ أَتَكَلَّفَ مَا لا يَعنِينِى، وَارزُقنِى حُسْنَ النَّظَر فِيمَا يُرضِيكَ عنِّى، اللَّهُمَّ بَدِيعَ السَّمَواتِ وَالأرْضِ ذَا الْجَلالِ وَالإكرَامِ وَالعِزَّةِ الَّتِى لا تُرَامُ، أَسْأَلُكَ يَا اللهُ! يَا رَحمَنُ! بجَلالكَ وَنُورِ وَجْهِكَ أَنْ تُلزِمَ قَلبِىَ حِفْظَ كِتَابِكَ كمَا عَلَّمتَنِى، وَارزُقْنِى أَنْ أَتْلُوهُ عَلَى النَّحوِ الَّذِى يُرضِيكَ عنِّى، اللَّهُمَّ بَدِيعَ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالأرضِ ذَا الْجَلالِ وَالإِكْرَامِ وَالعِزَّةِ الَّتِى لا تُرَامُ، أَسْأَلُكَ بِجَلالِ اللهِ يَا رَحمنُ بِجَلالِكَ، وَنُورِ وَجْهِكَ أن تُنَوِّرَ بِكِتَابِكَ بَصَرِى، وَأَنْ تُطلِقَ بِهِ لِسَانِى، وَأَنْ تُفَرِّجَ بِهِ عَنْ قَلْبِى، وَأَنْ تَشْرحَ بِهِ صَدرِى، وَأنْ (تَغْسِلَ) به بَدَنِى، فَإنَّهُ لا يُعِينُنِى عَلَى الحقِّ غَيْرُكَ، وَلا يُؤْتِيهِ إِلا أَنتَ، وَلا حَوْلَ وَلا قُوَّةَ إِلا بِاللهِ الْعَلِىِّ العَظِيمَ، يَا أَبَا الْحَسَنِ تَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ ثَلاثَ جُمَعٍ أَوْ خَمسًا أَوْ سَبْعًا بِإِذْن اللهِ تَعَالَى، وَالَّذِى بَعَثَنِى (بالحق) مَا أَخْطَأَ مُؤْمِنًا قَط، قَالَ ابن عباس: فواللهِ مَا لَبِثَ عَلىٌّ إِلا خَمسًا أَوْ سَبْعًا حَتَّى جَاءَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِى ذَلِكَ الْمَجْلِسِ، فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ! إِنِّى كُنْتُ فِيمَا خَلا لا آخُذُ إِلا أَرْبَعَ آيَاتٍ وَنَحْوَهُنَّ، فَإِذَا قَرَأتُهُنَّ عَلَى نَفْسِى تَفَلَّتْنَ وَأَنَا أَتَعَلَّمُ الْيَوْمَ أَرْبِعِينَ آيَةَ وَنَحْوَهَا، فَإِذَا قَرَأتُهَا عَلَى نَفْسِى فَكَأنَّمَا كِتَابُ اللهِ بَيْنَ عَيْنَىَّ، وَلَقَدْ كُنْتُ أَسْمَعُ الْحَدِيثَ فَإِذَا رَدَدْتُهُ تَفَلَّتَ، وَأَنَا الْيَوْمَ أَسْمَعُ الأَحَادِيثَ، فَإِذَا تَحَدَّثْتُ بِهَا لَمْ أَخْرِمْ مِنْهَا حَرْفًا، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ: (مُؤْمِنٌ وَرَبِّ الْكَعْبَةِ أَبَا الْحَسَنِ) ".  

أَقْبَل رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِى عَامِرٍ شَيْخٌ كَبِيرٌ يَتَوَكَّأُ عَلَى عَصَاهُ حَتَّى مَثَلَ بَيْنَ يَدَىْ رَسُول الله ﷺ ، فَقَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، إِنَّكَ تَفُوهُ بِأَمْرٍ عَظِيمٍ: تَزْعُمُ أَنَّكَ رَسُولُ الله أُرْسِلْتَ إِلَى النَّاسِ كَمَا أُرْسِلَ مُوسَى بْنُ عِمْرَانَ، وَعِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ، وَالنَّبِيُّونَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ، وَإِنَّمَا أَنْتَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ، فَمَا لَكَ وَالنُّبُوَّة؟ وَلَكِن (لِكُلِّ) قَوْلِ حَقِيقَةٌ، وَلِكُل بَدْءِ شَأنٌ، فَحَدِّثْنِى بِحَقِيقَةِ قَوْلِكَ وَبَدْءِ شَأنِكَ، وَكَانَ رَسُولُ الله ﷺ حَليمًا لاَ يَجْهَلُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: يَا أَخَا بَنِى عَامِرٍ، إِنَّ للأَمْرِ الَّذِى سَأَلْتَنِى عَنْهُ قِصَصًا وَنَبأً، فَاجْلِسْ أُنْبِئْكَ بحَقيقَةِ قَوْلِى وَبَدْءِ شَأنِى، فَجَلَسَ العَامِرِىُّ بَيْنَ يَدَىْ رَسُول الله ﷺ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ الله ﷺ : إِنَّ وَالِدِى لَمَّا بَنَى بِأُمِّى حَمَلَتْ، فَرَأَتْ فَيمَا يَرَىْ النَّائِمُ أَنَّ نُورًا خَرَجَ مِنْ جَوْفِهَا، فَجَعَلَتْ تُتْبِعُهُ بَصَرَهَا حَتَّى مَلأَ مَا بَيْنَ السَّموَاتِ وَالأَرْضِ نُورًا، فَقَصَّتْ ذَلِكَ عَلَى حَكِيمٍ مِنْ أَهْلِهَا، فَقَالَ لَهَا: والله لَئِنْ صَدَقَتْ رُؤْيَاكِ لَيَخْرُجَنَّ مِنْ بَطْنِكَ غُلاَمٌ يَعْلُو ذكْرُهُ بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالأَرْضِ، وَكَانَ هَذَا الْحَىُّ مِنْ بَنِى سَعْدِ بْنِ هَوَازِنَ يَنْتَابُونَ نِسَاءَ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ فَيَحْضُنُونَ أَوْلاَدَهُمْ وَينْتَفِعُونَ بخَيْرِهِمْ، وَإِنَّ أُمِّى وَلَدَتْنِى فِى العَامِ الَّذِى قَدمُوا فيهِ وَهَلَكَ وَالِدِى، فَكُنْتُ يَتِيمًا فِى حِجْرِ عَمِّى أَبِى طَالِبِ، فَأَقْبَلَ النِّسْوَانُ يَتَدَافَعْنَنِى وَيَقُلْنَ: ضَرْعٌ صَغِير لاَ أَبَا لَهُ فَمَا عَسَيْنَا أَنْ نَنْتَفِعَ بِهِ مِنْ خَيْرٍ، وَكَانْ فِيهنَ امْرَأَةٌ يُقَالُ لَهَا: أُمُّ كبشة ابْنَةُ الْحَارِثِ، فَقَالَتْ: وَالله لاَ أَنْصَرِفُ عَامِى هَذَا خَائِبَةً أَبَدًا، فَأَخَذَتنِى وَأَلْقَتْنِى عَلَى صَدْرِهَا فَدِرَّ لَبَنُهَا فَحَضَنَتْنِى، فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ ذَلِكَ عَمِّى أَبَا طَالِب أَقْطَعَهَا إِبِلًا وَمُقَطَّعَاتٍ مِنَ الثِّيَاب، وَلَمْ يَبْقَ عَمُّ مِنْ عُمُومَتِى إِلَّا أَقْطَعَهَا وَكسَاهَا، فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ ذَلِكَ النِّسْوَانَ، أَقْبَلْنَ إِلَيْهَا، يَقُلْنَ. أَمَا وَالله يَا أُمَّ كبْشَةَ لَوْ عَلِمْنَا بَرَكَةَ هَذَا يَكُونُ هَكَذَا؟ مَا سَبقْتينَا إِلَيْه، ثُمَّ تَرَعْرَعْتُ وَكَبِرْتُ، وَقَدْ بُغَّضَتْ إِلَىَّ أَصْنَامُ قُرَيْشٍ وَالْعَرَبِ، فَلاَ أَقْرَبُهَا وَلاَ آتِيهَا حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ بَعْدَ زَمَنٍ خَرَجْتُ بَيْنَ أَتْرَابٍ لِى مِنَ الْعَرَبِ نَتَقَاذَفُ بِالأَجِلَةِ يَعْنِى البَعْرَ فِإِذَا بثَلاثَةِ نَفَرٍ مُقْبِلِينَ الأَنْهارُ، ذَلِكَ جَزَاءُ مَنْ تَزَكَّى. قَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، فَإِلَى المُسْمِعَاتِ أَسْمَعُ. قَالَ: جَوْف اللَّيْلِ الدَامِسِ إِذَا هَدَأَتِ العُيُونُ فَإِنَّ الله حَىٌّ قَيُومٌ يَقُولُ: هَلْ مِنْ تَائِبٍ فَأَتوُبُ عَلَيْهِ؟ هَلْ مِنْ مُسْتَغْفِرٍ فَأَغْفِرُ لَهُ ذَنْبَهُ؟ هَلْ مِنْ سَائِلٍ فَأُعطِيهُ سُؤْلَهُ؟ فَوَثَبَ العَامِرِىُّ فَقالَ. أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِله إِلَّا الله وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ الله  

"قَالَ أَبُو عَلِىٍّ التَّنُوخِىُّ فِى (كتَابِ الْفَرَجِ بَعْدَ الشِّدَّةِ): حَدَّثَنِى أَيُّوبُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ الَّذِى كَانَ أَبُوهُ وَزِيرًا لِلْمُكْتَفِى مِنْ حِفْظِهِ بِالأَهْوَازِ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَلِىِّ بْنُ هَمَّامٍ بِإِسْنَادٍ ولسْتُ أَحْفَظُهُ أَنَّ أَعْرَابِيّا شَكَى إِلَى عَلِىِّ بْنِ أَبِى طَالِبٍ شِدَّةً لَحِقَتْهُ، وَضِيقًا فِى الْمَال، وكَثْرَةً مِنَ الْعِيَالِ، فَقَاَل لَهُ: عَلَيْكَ بِالاسْتِغْفَارِ فَإنَّ الله - ﷻ - يَقُولُ: {اسْتَغْفِرُوا رَبَّكُمْ إِنَّهُ كَانَ غَفَّارًا (10) يُرْسِلِ السَّمَاءَ عَلَيْكُمْ مِدْرَارًا} الآيات، فَعَادَ إِلَيْه فَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنينَ إِنِّى قَدِ اسْتَغْفَرَتُ الله كَثِيرًا وَمَا أَرَى فَرَجَا مِّمَّا أَنَا فِيهِ، فَقَالَ: لَعَلَّكَ لَا تُحْسِنُ أَنْ تَسْتَغْفِرَ، قَالَ: عَلَّمْنِى، قَالَ: أَخْلصْ نِيَّتَكَ، وَأَطِعْ ربِّكَ، وَقُلْ: الَّلهُمَّ إِنِّى أَسْتَغْفِرُكَ مِنْ كُلِّ ذَنْبٍ قَوِىَ عَلَيْه بَدَنِى بِعَافِيَتِكَ أَوْ نَالَتْهُ قُدْرَتِى بِفَضْلِ نِعْمَتِكَ، أوْ بَسَطْتُ إِلَيْهِ يَدِى بِسَابِغِ رِزْقِكَ أَوِ اتَّكَلْتُ فِيهِ عِنْدَ خَوْفِى مِنْكَ عَلَى أَنَاتِكَ، أَوْ وَثِقَتُ بِحِلْمِكَ أَوْ عَوَّلْتُ فِيهِ عَلَى كَرَمِ عَفْوِكَ، الَّلهمَّ إِنِّى أَسْتَغْفِرُكَ مِنْ كُلِّ ذَنْبٍ خُنْتُ فِيهِ أَمَانَتِى أَوْ بَخَسْتُ فِيهِ نَفْسِى أَوْ قَدَّمْتُ فِيهِ لَذَّاتِى أَوْ آثَرثُ فِيهِ شَهْوَتِى، أَوْ سَعَيْتُ فِيهِ لِغَيْرِى أَوِ استغربَتُ فِيه مَنْ تَبِعَنِى، أَوْ غَلَبْت فِيهِ بِفَضْلِ حِيلَتِى، أَوْ أَحَلْتُ فِيهِ عَلَيْكَ وَلَائِى فَلَا تَغْلِبنِى عَلَى فِعْلِى إِذْ

كُنتَ سُبْحَانَكَ كَارِهًا لِمَعْصِيَتِى لَكِنْ سَبَقَ عِلْمُكَ فِى اختِيَارِى، وَاسْتِعْمَالِى مُرَادِى وَإِيثَارِى، فَحَلَمْتَ عَنِّى فَلَمْ تُدْخِلْنِى فيهِ جَبْرًا وَلَمْ تَحْمِلْنِى عَلَيْهِ قَهْرًا وَلَمْ تَظْلِمْنِى شَيْئًا، يَا أَرْحَمَ الرَّاحِمِينَ، يَا صَاحِبِى عِنْدَ شِدَّتِى، يَا مُؤْنِسِى فِى وَحْدَتِى، يَا حَافِظِى فِى نَعْمَتِى، يَا وَلِىِّ فِى غَيْبَتِى، يَا كَاشِفَ كُرْبَتِى، يَا مُسْتَمِعَ دَعْوَتِى يَا رَاحِمَ عَيْرَتِى ، يَا مُقِيلَ عَثْرَتِى، يَا إِلَهِى بالتَّحقِيقِ، يَا رُكْنِىَ الْوَثيقَ، يَا جَارى اللَّصِيقَ، يَا مَوْلَاى الشَّفِيقَ، يَا رَبَّ الْبَيْتِ الْعَتِيقِ، أَخْرِجْنِى مِنْ حَلَقِ الْمَضِيقِ إِلَى سَعَةِ الطَّرِيقِ وَفَرَجٍ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ قَرِيبٍ وَثِيقٍ، وَاكْشِفْ عَنِّى كُلَّ شِدَّةٍ وَضِيقٍ، وَاكْفِنِى مَا أُطِيقُ وَمَا لَا أُطِيقُ، اللَّهُمَّ فَرِّجْ عَنِّى كُلَّ هَمٍّ وَغَمٍّ وَأَخْرِجْنِى مِنْ كُلِّ حُزْنٍ وَكَرْبٍ، يَا فَارجَ الْهَمِّ وَيَا كَاشِفَ الْغَمِّ، وَيَا مُنْزِلَ الْقَطْرِ، وَيَا مُجِيبَ دَعْوَةَ الْمُضْطَرِّ، يَا رَحْمَنَ الدُّنْيَا وَالآخِرَةِ وَرَحِيْمَهَمَا صَلِّ عَلَى خِيرَتِكَ مِنْ خَلْقِكَ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّبِىِّ ﷺ وَآلِهِ الطَّيِّبِينَ الطَّاهِرينَ، وَفَرِّجْ عَنِّى مَا قَدْ ضَاقَ بِه صَدْرِى، وَعِيلَ مِنْهُ صَبْرِى، وَقَلَّتْ فِيهِ حِيلَتِى وَضَعُفَتْ لَهُ قُوَّتى، يَا كَاشِفَ كُلَّ ضُرٍّ وَبَلِيَّةٍ، وَيَا عَالِمَ كُلَّ سِرٍّ وَخَفِيَّةٍ، يَا أَرْحَمَ الرَّاحِمِينَ، وَأُفَوِّضُ أَمْرِى إِلَى الله إنَّ اللهَ بَصِيرٌ بِالْعِبَادِ، وَمَا تَوْفِيقِى إِلَّا بِالله عَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ وَهُوَ رَبُّ الْعَرْشِ الْعَظِيمِ قَالَ الأَعْرَابِىُّ: فَاسْتَغْفَرْتُ بَذَلِكَ مِرَارًا، فَكَشَفَ الله عَنِّى الْغَمَّ وَالضِّيقَ وَوَسَّعَ عَلَىَّ فِى الرِّزْقِ وَأَزَالَ الْمِحْنَةَ".  

that Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī entered upon ʿĀʾishah then ʿĀʾishah said to him: O Abū Saʿīd, tell me something you heard from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and I shall then tell you what I saw him do. Abū Saʿīd said: ˹Once˺ when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ went to ˹offer˺ the Subḥ Ṣalāh (the ritual prayer at dawn), he said: "O Allah fill my hearing with nūr (illumination), and my sight with nūr, and before me nūr, and behind me nūr, and on the right of me nūr, and on the left of me nūr, and above me nūr, and below me nūr, and magnify my nūr through Your Mercy." Then they both agreed.

ʿĀʾishah said: ˹Once˺ the Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered upon me then he took of his two garments but then he did not finish since he stood up and wore them ˹again.˺ Then a strong sense of jealousy struck me where I assumed that he is going to go to some of my co-wives. So I left following him and found him at the Baqīʿ, Baqīʿ al-Gharqad (name of a graveyard), seeking forgiveness for the believing men and women, and the martyrs. Then I said: By my father and mother, you are in need of your Lord and I am in need of this world. Then I left and entered my apartment and I out was out of breath.

Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ caught up with me and said, "What this ˹heavy˺ breathing, O ʿĀʾishah?" I said: By my father and mother, you came to me and took of your two garments then you didn't finish since you stood up and wore them ˹again.˺ and then a strong sense of jealousy struck me and I assumed that you will go to one of my co-wives, and ˹I felt this way˺ until I saw you at Baqīʿ doing what you were doing.

He said, "O ʿĀʾishah, were you afraid that you that Allah and His Messenger would wrong you? As a matter of fact, Jibrīl (Gabriel), may peace be upon him, came to me and said that tonight is the night of the middle of ˹the month of˺ Shaʿbān. ˹This night˺ there are those who are freed from the Hellfire as many as the number of hairs on the sheep of the ˹tribe of˺ Banū Kalb . ˹However,˺ Allah does not look at (1) the one who associate partners with Him, nor at (2) a hateful person, nor at (3) the one who severs ties of kinship, nor at (4) an ˹ostentatious˺ person with long clothing, nor at (5) the one who disowns his parents, nor at (6) the one who is addicted to alcohol."

He (the narrator) said: Then he took off his two garments and said to me, "O ʿĀʾishah, do you allow me to stand up tonight ˹for the night Ṣalāh˺?" I said: Yes, by my father and mother. The he stood ˹the night˺ and did sajdah (prostrated) for a very long time until I thought that he has passed away. So I touched him and put my hands on the bottom of his feet and then he moved and I was happy.

I heard him say during his sajdah: "I seek refuge through Your Grace from Your punishment, and I seek refuge through Your Pleasure from Your Displeasure, and I seek refuge through You from ˹Your wrath˺, Mighty and Sublime is Your Essence, I cannot enumerate Your Praises as You have assigned Praised for Yourself."

Then when it was morning, I mentioned these ˹phrases˺ to him then he said, "O ʿĀʾishah, did you learn them?" I said: Yes. Then he said, "Learn them and teach them, for Jibrīl, may peace be upon him, taught these to me and ordered me that I repeat them in my sajdahs.  

أنَّ أبا سَعِيدٍ الخُدْرِيَّ دَخَلَ عَلى عائِشَةَ، فَقالَتْ لَهُ عائِشَةُ: يا أبا سَعِيدٍ حَدِّثْنِي بِشَيْءٍ سَمِعْتَهُ مِن رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ، وأُحَدِّثُكَ بِما رَأيْتُهُ يَصْنَعُ، قالَ أبُو سَعِيدٍ: كانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إذا خَرَجَ إلى صَلاةِ الصُّبْحِ، قالَ: «اللهُمَّ امْلَأْ سَمْعِي نُورًا، وبَصَرِي نُورًا، ومِن بَيْنَ يَدَيَّ نُورًا، ومِن خَلْفِي نُورًا، وعَنْ يَمِينِي نُورًا، وعَنْ شِمالِي نُورًا، ومِن فَوْقِي نُورًا، ومِن تَحْتِي نُورًا، وعَظِّمْ لِيَ النُّورَ بِرَحْمَتِكَ». وفِي رِوايَةِ مُحَمَّدٍ: «وأعْظِمْ لِي نُورًا» ثُمَّ اتَّفَقا۔

قالَتْ عائِشَةُ: دَخَلَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَوَضَعَ عَنْهُ ثَوْبَيْهِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَسْتَتِمَّ أنْ قامَ فَلَبِسَهُما۔ فَأخَذَتْنِي غَيْرَةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ ظَنَنْتُ أنَّهُ يَأْتِي بَعْضَ صُوَيْحِباتِي۔ فَخَرَجْتُ أتْبَعَهُ فَأدْرَكْتُهُ بِالبَقِيعِ بَقِيعِ الغَرْقَدِ يَسْتَغْفِرُ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ والمُؤْمِناتِ والشُّهَداءِ، فَقُلْتُ: بِأبِي وأُمِّي أنْتَ فِي حاجَةِ رَبِّكَ، وأنا فِي حاجَةِ الدُّنْيا فانْصَرَفْتُ، فَدَخَلْتُ حُجْرَتِي ولِي نَفَسٌ عالٍ۔

ولَحِقَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ، فَقالَ: «ما هَذا النَّفَسُ يا عائِشَةُ؟»، فَقُلْتُ: بِأبِي وأُمِّي أتَيْتَنِي فَوَضَعْتَ عَنْكَ ثَوْبَيْكَ ثُمَّ لَمْ تَسْتَتِمَّ أنْ قُمْتَ فَلَبِسْتَهُما فَأخَذَتْنِي غَيْرَةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ، ظَنَنْتُ أنَّكَ تَأْتِي بَعْضَ صُوَيْحِباتِي حَتّى رَأيْتُكَ بِالبَقِيعِ تَصْنَعُ ما تَصْنَعُ۔

قالَ: «يا عائِشَةُ أكُنْتِ تَخافِينَ أنْ يَحِيفَ اللهُ عَلَيْكِ ورَسُولُهُ، بَلْ أتانِي جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ، فَقالَ: هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةُ لَيْلَةُ النِّصْفِ مِن شَعْبانَ ولِلَّهِ فِيها عُتَقاءُ مِنَ النّارِ بِعَدَدِ شُعُورِ غَنَمِ كَلْبٍ، لا يَنْظُرُ اللهُ فِيها (١) إلى مُشْرِكٍ، (٢) ولا إلى مُشاحِنٍ، (٣) ولا إلى قاطِعِ رَحِمٍ، (٤) ولا إلى مُسْبِلٍ، (٥) ولا إلى عاقٍّ لِوالِدَيْهِ، (٦) ولا إلى مُدْمِنِ خَمْرٍ»

قالَ: ثُمَّ وضْعَ عَنْهُ ثَوْبَيْهِ، فَقالَ لِي: «يا عائِشَةُ تَأْذَنِينَ لِي فِي قِيامِ هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ؟»، فَقُلْتُ: نَعَمْ بِأبِي وأُمِّي، فَقامَ فَسَجَدَ لَيْلًا طَوِيلًا حَتّى ظَنَنْتُ أنَّهُ قُبِضَ فَقُمْتُ ألْتَمِسْهُ، ووَضَعْتُ يَدِي عَلى باطِنِ قَدَمَيْهِ فَتَحَرَّكَ فَفَرِحْتُ۔

وسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ فِي سُجُودِهِ: «أعُوذُ بِعَفْوِكَ مِن عِقابِكَ، وأعُوذُ بِرِضاكَ مِن سَخَطِكَ، وأعُوذُ بِكَ مِنكَ، جَلَّ وجْهُكَ، لا أُحْصِي ثَناءً عَلَيْكَ أنْتَ كَما أثْنَيْتَ عَلى نَفْسِكَ»

فَلَمّا أصْبَحَ ذَكَرْتُهُنَّ لَهُ فَقالَ: «يا عائِشَةُ تَعَلَّمْتِهُنَّ؟»، فَقُلْتُ: نَعَمْ، فَقالَ: «تَعَلَّمِيهِنَّ وعَلِّمِيهِنَّ، فَإنَّ جِبْرِيلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ عَلَّمَنِيهِنَّ وأمَرَنِي أنْ أُرَدِّدَهُنَّ فِي السُّجُودِ»،