When the Prophet ﷺ feared a (group of) people, he would say: "O Allah, we make Thee our shield against them, and take refuge in Thee from their evils." (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1537)   

أَنَّ نَبِيَّ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا خَافَ قَوْمًا قَالَ «اللهُمَّ إِنَّا نَجْعَلُكَ فِي نُحُورِهِمْ وَنَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شُرُورِهِمْ»  

[Machine] I heard the Prophet ﷺ say on the day of the trench: "O Allah, revealer of the Book, swift in account, disperser of clouds, defeat them and shake them."  

سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ يَقُولُ «اللهُمَّ مُنَزِّلَ الْكِتَابِ سَرِيعَ الْحِسَابِ مُجْرِيَ السَّحَابِ اهْزِمْهُمْ وَزَلْزِلْهُمْ»  

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to move his lips after the Fajr prayer on the days of Hunayn. So they said, "O Messenger of Allah, you move your lips with something?" He said, "Indeed, a prophet from among those before you mentioned a word that his ummah (nation) admired the abundance of. So he said, 'None of these people will underestimate anything.' So Allah inspired to him to choose for his nation one of three options: to unleash upon them an enemy from among themselves who will take them as captives, or to inflict them with hunger, or to send death upon them.' So they said, 'As for hunger and the enemy, we cannot endure them. But as for death, send death upon them.' So seventy thousand of them died in one night. And I say, 'O Allah, it is with You that I strive, it is with You that I compete, and it is with You that I fight.'"  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ يُحَرِّكُ شَفَتَيْهِ أَيَّامَ حُنَيْنٍ بَعْدَ صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ «إِنَّكَ تُحَرِّكُ شَفَتَيْكَ بِشَيْءٍ؟» قَالَ إِنَّ نَبِيًّا مِمَّنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ كَلِمَةً مَعْنَاهَا أَعْجَبَتْهُ كَثْرَةُ أُمَّتِهِ فَقَالَ لَنْ يَرُومَ هَؤُلَاءِ أَحَدٌ بِشَيْءٍ فَأَوْحَى اللهُ إِلَيْهِ أَنَّ خَيِّرْ أُمَّتَكَ بَيْنَ إِحْدَى ثَلَاثٍ أَنْ أُسَلِّطَ عَلَيْهِمْ عَدُوًّا مِنْ غَيْرِهِمْ فَيَسْتَبِيَحَهُمْ وَإِمَّا أَنْ أُسَلِّطَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْجُوعَ وَإِمَّا أَنْ أُرْسِلَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمَوْتَ؟ فَقَالُوا «أَمَّا الْجُوعُ وَالْعَدُوُّ فَلَا طَاقَةَ لَنَا بِهِمَا وَلَكِنَّ الْمَوْتَ فَأُرْسِلَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمَوْتُ فَمَاتَ مِنْهُمْ فِي لَيْلَةٍ سَبْعُونَ أَلْفًا» فَأَنَا أَقُولُ «اللهُمَّ بِكَ أُحَاوِلُ وَبِكَ أُصَاوِلُ وَبِكَ أُقَاتِلُ»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Do not wish to meet the enemy, but if you encounter them, be patient." Abu Abdur-Rahman said, "Yahya ibn Ma'in used to weaken Mugheerah ibn Abdur-Rahman. Abu Abdur-Rahman said, "We examined his Hadith and did not find anything indicating his weakness. And Yahya was more knowledgeable than us, and Allah knows best."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «لَا تَتَمَنَّوْا لِقَاءَ الْعَدُوِّ فَإِذَا لَقِيتُمُوهُمْ فَاصْبِرُوا» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ كَانَ يَحْيَى بْنُ مَعِينٍ يُضَعِّفُ الْمُغِيرَةَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَقَدْ نَظَرْنَا فِي حَدِيثِهِ فَلَمْ نَجَدْ شَيْئًا يَدُلُّ عَلَى ضَعْفِهِ وَيَحْيَى كَانَ أَعْلَمَ مِنَّا وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used the archers on the day of Uhud. Abdallah ibn Jubayr was their leader, and they were fifty men. He said to them, "Stay in your position and do not move even if you see us being snatched by birds." Al-Bara' said, "By Allah, I saw the women uncovering their legs and climbing the mountain, but when the situation changed, they had already left." Abdallah ibn Jubayr, their leader, asked them, "What should we do?" They replied, "We follow the order of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ." So they stayed in their position. When nightfall came, Abu Sufyan ibn Harb came and asked, "Is Muhammad among you?" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Do not answer him." Then he asked again, "Is Muhammad among you?" They did not answer. He asked a third time, "Is Muhammad among you?" Still, they did not answer. Then he asked, "Is Ibn Abi Quhafa among you?" Again, they did not answer. He asked a third time, "Is Ibn Abi Quhafa among you?" Still, they did not answer. Then he asked, "Is Ibn Al-Khattab among you?" They did not answer. Abu Sufyan said, "You have abandoned them, and Umar cannot protect himself." Abdallah ibn Jubayr said, "You are lying, O enemy of Allah! Here is the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and Abu Bakr, and we are alive. You will have a bad day from us." Abu Sufyan said, "A day like the Battle of Badr?" Abdallah ibn Jubayr replied, "The battle is a conflict." Abu Sufyan said in a conversation with Ziyad, "Announce my presence." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Answer him." They asked, "What should we say, O Messenger of Allah?" He replied, "Say, 'Allah is our protector.'" In another narration, he said, "Say, 'Allah is the highest and the greatest.'" Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "He will be a supporter for us, but not for you." They asked, "What should we say, O Messenger of Allah?" He replied, "Say, 'Allah is our ally, but not for you.'" Then Abu Sufyan said, "You will see a counterpart in your people that I did not order." Then he said, "You did not harm me."  

«اسْتَعْمَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى الرُّمَاةِ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ» عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ جُبَيْرٍ وَكَانُوا خَمْسِينَ رَجُلًا وَقَالَ لَهُمْ «كُونُوا مَكَانَكُمْ لَا تَبْرَحُوا وَإِنْ رَأَيْتُمُ الطَّيْرَ تَخْطَفُنَا» قَالَ الْبَرَاءُ «أَنَا وَاللهِ رَأَيْتُ النِّسَاءَ بَادِيَاتٍ خَلَاخِيلَهُنَّ قَدِ اسْتَرْخَتْ ثِيَابَهُنَّ يَصْعَدْنَ الْجَبَلَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ مَا كَانَ مَضَوْا» فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ أَمِيرُهُمْ «كَيْفَ تَصْنَعُونَ؟» بِقَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ «فَمَضَوْا فَكَانَ الَّذِي كَانَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ اللَّيْلُ جَاءَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ حَرْبٍ» فَقَالَ «أَفِيكُمْ مُحَمَّدٌ؟» فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «لَا تُجِيبُوهُ» ثُمَّ قَالَ «أَفِيكُمْ مُحَمَّدٌ؟ فَلَمْ يُجِيبُوهُ» ثُمَّ قَالَ «أَفِيكُمْ مُحَمَّدٌ؟ الثَّالِثَةَ فَلَمْ يُجِيبُوهُ» فَقَالَ «أَفِيكُمِ ابْنُ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ؟ فَلَمْ يُجِيبُوهُ» فَقَالَ «أَفِيكُمِ ابْنُ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ؟ فَلَمْ يُجِيبُوهُ حَتَّى قَالَهَا ثَلَاثًا» ثُمَّ قَالَ «أَفِيكُمُ ابْنُ الْخَطَّابِ حَتَّى قَالَهَا؟ ثَلَاثًا فَلَمْ يُجِيبُوهُ» فَقَالَ «أَمَّا هَؤُلَاءِ فَقَدْ كُفِيتُمُوهُمْ فَلَمْ يَمْلِكْ عُمَرُ نَفْسَهُ» فَقَالَ كَذَبْتَ يَا عَدُوَّ اللهِ هَا هُوَ ذَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ وَأَنَّا أَحْيَاءٌ وَلَكَ مِنَّا يَوْمُ سَوْءٍ فَقَالَ يَوْمٌ بِيَوْمِ بَدْرٍ وَالْحَرْبُ سِجَالٌ وَقَالَ فِي حَدِيثِ زِيَادٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ «اعْلُ هُبَلُ» فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «أَجِيبُوهُ» فَقَالُوا مَا نَقُولُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ قُولُوا اللهُ أَعَزُّ وَفِي حَدِيثِ زِيَادٍ اللهُ أَعَلَى وَأَجَلُّ ثُمَّ قَالَ «لَنَا عُزَّى وَلَا عُزَّى لَكُمْ» فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «أَجِيبُوهُ» قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَمَا نَقُولُ؟ قَالَ قُولُوا «اللهُ مَوْلَانَا وَلَا مَوْلَى لَكُمْ» ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ «إِنَّكُمْ سَتَرَوْنَ فِي الْقَوْمِ مُثْلَةً لَمْ آمُرْ بِهَا» ثُمَّ قَالَ «لَمْ تَسُؤْنِي»  

We conquered Mecca and then we went on an expedition to Hunain. The polytheists came, forming themselves into the best rows that I have seen. They first formed the rows of cavalry, then those of infantry, and then those of women behind them. Then there were formed the rows of sheep and goats and then of other animals. We were also people large in number, and our (number) had reached six thousand. And on one side Khalid b. Walid was in charge of the cavalry. And our horses at once turned back from our rear. And we could hardly hold our own when our horses were exposed, and the bedouins and the people whom we knew took to their heels. (Seeing this) the Messenger of Allah ﷺ called thus: O emigrants, O emigrants. He then. said: O Ansar, O Ansar. (Anas said: This hadith is transmitted by a group of eminent persons.) We said: At thy beck and call are we, Messenger of Allah. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then advanced and he (Anas) said: By Allah, we had not yet reached them when Allah defeated them. and we took possession of the wealth and we then marched towards Ta'if, and we besieged them for forty nights. and then came back to Mecca and encamped (at a place), and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ began to bestow a hundred camels upon each individual. The rest of the hadith is the same. (Using translation from Muslim 1059g)   

«فَصُفَّ الْخَيْلُ ثُمَّ صُفَّ الْمُقَاتِلَةُ ثُمَّ صُفَّ النِّسَاءُ مِنْ وَرَاءِ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ صُفَّ الْغَنَمُ ثُمَّ صُفَّ النَّعَمُ» قَالَ وَنَحْنُ بَشَرٌ كَثِيرٌ قَدْ بَلَغْنَا سِتَّةَ آلَافٍ قَالَ وَعَلَى مُجَنِّبَةِ خَيْلِنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ قَالَ «فَجَعَلَتْ خَيْلُنَا تَلُوذُ خَلْفَ ظُهُورِنَا» قَالَ «فَلَمْ نَلْبَثْ أَنِ انْكَشَفَ خَيْلُنَا» قَالَ فَنَادَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَا لِلْمُهَاجِرِينَ ثُمَّ قَالَ «يَا لِلْأَنْصَارِ يَا لِلْأَنْصَارِ» قَالَ أَنَسٌ هَذَا حَدِيثُ عِمِّيَّةٌ قَالَ قُلْنَا لَبَّيْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ فَتَقَدَّمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَايْمُ اللهِ مَا أَتَيْنَاهُمْ حَتَّى هَزَمَهُمُ اللهُ قَالَ «فَقَبَضْنَا ذَلِكَ الْمَالَ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقْنَا إِلَى الطَّائِفِ فَحَاصَرْنَاهُمْ أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً ثُمَّ رَجَعْنَا إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَنَزَلْنَا فَجَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُعْطِي الرَّجُلَ الْمِائَةَ وَيُعْطِي الرَّجُلَ الْمِائَةَ مُخْتَصَرٌ»  

I was present at fighting along with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and when he did not fight at the beginning of the day, he waited till the sun had passed the meridian, the winds blew, and help came down. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2655)   

شَهِدْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَكَانَ إِذَا لَمْ يُقَاتِلْ أَوَّلَ النَّهَارِ أَخَّرَ الْقِتَالَ حَتَّى تَزُولَ الشَّمْسُ وَتَهُبَّ الرِّيَاحُ وَيَنْزِلَ النَّصْرُ مُخْتَصَرٌ  

Somebody asked Al-Bar-a bin ʿAzib, "Did you flee deserting Messenger of Allah ﷺ during the battle of Hunain?" Al-Bara replied, "But Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not flee. The people of the Tribe of Hawazin were good archers. When we met them, we attacked them, and they fled. When the Muslims started collecting the war booty, the pagans faced us with arrows, but Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not flee. No doubt, I saw him on his white mule and Abu Sufyan was holding its reins and the Prophet ﷺ was saying, 'I am the Prophet ﷺ in truth: I am the son of ʿAbdul Muttalib.' " (Using translation from Bukhārī 2864)   

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ؟ قَالَ الْبَرَاءُ «لَا وَلَكِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لَمْ يَفِرَّ فَكَانَتْ هَوَازِنُ رُمَاةً وَإِنَّا لَمَّا حَمَلَنَا عَلَيْهِمُ انْكَشَفُوا فَأَكْبَبْنَا عَلَى الْغَنَائِمِ فَاسْتَقْبَلُونَا بِالسِّهَامِ وَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى بَغْلَتِهِ الْبَيْضَاءِ وَإِنَّ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ آخِذٌ بِلِجَامِهَا» وَهُوَ يَقُولُ «أَنَا النَّبِيُّ لَا كَذِبْ أَنَا ابْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ»  

When the fighting intensified and the two sides met in battle, we sought shelter with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and no one was closer to the enemy than him. (Using translation from Aḥmad 1347)   

وَقَالَ الْآخَرُ «إِذَا أَحْمَرَّ الْبَأْسُ وَلَقِيَ الْقَوْمُ الْقَوْمَ اتَّقَيْنَا بِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَمَا يَكُونُ مِنَّا أَحَدٌ أَدْنَى إِلَى الْقَوْمِ مِنْهُ» اللَّفْظُ لِعَبَّاسٍ  

[Machine] "On the day of Badr, the white wool was shining."  

«كَانَ سِيمَانَا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ الصُّوفُ الْأَبْيَضُ»  

Who will kill Ka'b b. Ashraf? He has maligned Allah, the Exalted, and His Messenger. Muhammad b. Maslama said: Messenger of Allah, do you wish that I should kill him? He said: Yes. He said: Permit me to talk (to him in the way I deem fit). He said: Talk (as you like). So, Muhammad b. Maslama came to Ka'b and talked to him, referred to the old friendship between them and said: This man (i. e. the Holy Prophet) has made up his mind to collect charity (from us) and this has put us to a great hardship. When be heard this, Ka'b said: By God, you will be put to more trouble by him. Muhammad b. Maslama said: No doubt, now we have become his followers and we do not like to forsake him until we see what turn his affairs will take. I want that you should give me a loan. He said: What will you mortgage? He said: What do you want? He said: Pledge me your women. He said: You are the most handsome of the Arabs; should we pledge our women to you? He said: Pledge me your children. He said: The son of one of us may abuse us saying that he was pledged for two wasqs of dates, but we can pledge you (cur) weapons. He said: All right. Then Muhammad b. Maslama promised that he would come to him with Harith, Abu 'Abs b. Jabr and Abbad b. Bishr. So they came and called upon him at night. He came down to them. Sufyan says that all the narrators except 'Amr have stated that his wife said: I hear a voice which sounds like the voice of murder. He said: It is only Muhammad b. Maslama and his foster-brother, Abu Na'ila. When a gentleman is called at night even it to be pierced with a spear, he should respond to the call. Muhammad said to his companions: As he comes down, I will extend my hands towards his head and when I hold him fast, you should do your job. So when he came down and he was holding his cloak under his arm, they said to him: We sense from you a very fine smell. He said: Yes, I have with me a mistress who is the most scented of the women of Arabia. He said: Allow me to smell (the scent on your head). He said: Yes, you may smell. So he caught it and smelt. Then he said: Allow me to do so (once again). He then held his head fast and said to his companions: Do your job. And they killed him. (Using translation from Muslim 1801)  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «مَنْ لِكَعْبِ بْنِ الْأَشْرَفِ فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ آذَى اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ» قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَسْلَمَةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ «أَتُحِبُّ أَنْ أَقْتُلَهُ؟» قَالَ «نَعَمْ» قَالَ «ائْذَنْ لِي فَلْأَقُلْ» قَالَ قُلْ فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ وَذِكْرُ مَا بَيْنَهُمْ قَالَ «إِنَّ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ قَدْ أَرَادَ مِنَّا صَدَقَةً وَقَدْ عَنَانَا» فَلَمَّا سَمِعَهُ قَالَ «وَأَيْضًا وَاللهِ لَتَمَلُّنَّهُ» قَالَ «إِنَّا قَدِ اتَّبَعْنَاهُ الْآنَ وَنَكْرَهُ أَنْ نَدَعَهُ حَتَّى نَنْظُرَ إِلَى أَيِّ شَيْءٍ يَصِيرُ أَمْرُهُ وَقَدْ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ تُسْلِفَنِي سَلَفًا» قَالَ «فَمَا تَرْهَنُنِي تَرْهَنُنِي نِسَاءَكُمْ؟» قَالَ «أَنْتَ أَجْمَلُ الْعَرَبِ أَنَرْهَنَكَ نِسَاءَنَا؟» قَالَ «أَتَرْهَنُونِي أَوْلَادَكُمْ» قَالَ «يَسُبُّ ابْنَ أَحَدِنَا» فَيُقَالُ «رَهْنٌ فِي وَسْقَيْنِ وَلَكِنْ نَرْهَنُكَ اللَّأْمَةَ يَعْنِي السِّلَاحَ» قَالَ «نَعَمْ فَوَاعَدَهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ فَانْطَلَقَ هُوَ وَمَعَهُ أَبُو نَائِلَةَ وَهُوَ رَضِيعُهُ وَأَخُوهُ مِنَ الرَّضَاعَةِ وَانْطَلَقَ مَعَهُ بِالْحَارِثُ وَأَبِي عَبْسِ بْنِ جَبْرٍ وَعَبَّادُ بْنُ بِشْرٍ فَجَاءُوا فَدَعُوهُ لَيْلًا فَنَزَلَ إِلَيْهِمْ» فَقَالَ سُفْيَانُ قَالَ غَيْرُ عَمْرٍو قَالَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ إِنِّي لَأَسْمَعُ صَوْتًا كَأَنَّهُ صَوْتُ دَمٍ قَالَ «إِنَّمَا هَذَا مُحَمَّدٌ وَرَضِيعُهُ أَبُو نَائِلَةَ إِنَّ الْكَرِيمَ لَوْ دُعِيَ إِلَى طَعْنَةٍ لَيْلًا لَأَجَابَ» قَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ «إِنِّي إِذَا جَاءَ فَسَوْفَ أَمُدُّ يَدَيَّ إِلَى رَأْسِهِ فَإِذَا اسْتَمْكَنْتُ مِنْهُ فَدُونَكُمْ فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ نَزَلَ وَهُوَ مُتَوَشِّحٌ» فَقَالُوا نَجْدُ مِنْكَ رِيحَ الطِّيبِ فَقَالَ «نَعَمْ تَحْتِي فُلَانَةُ أَعْطَرُ نِسَاءِ الْعَرَبِ» قَالَ «فَتَأْذَنُ لِي أَنْ أَشُمَّ مِنْهُ؟» قَالَ نَعَمْ فَشَمَّ قَالَ «فَتَنَاوَلَ فَشَمَّ» قَالَ «أَتَأْذَنُ لِي أَنْ أَعُودَ؟» قَالَ «فَاسْتَمْكَنَ مِنْ رَأْسِهِ» ثُمَّ قَالَ «دُونَكُمْ» قَالَ «فَقَتَلُوهُ»  

A liar is not one who tries to bring reconciliation amongst people and speaks good (in order to avert dispute), or he conveys good. Ibn Shihab said he did not hear that exemption was granted in anything what the people speak as lie but in three cases: in battle, for bringing reconciliation amongst persons and the narration of the words of the husband to his wife, and the narration of the words of a wife to her husband (in a twisted form in order to bring reconciliation between them). (Using translation from Muslim 2605a)   

أَنَّهَا سَمِعَتْ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «لَيْسَ الْكَذَّابُ الَّذِي يُصْلِحُ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فَيَنْمِي خَيْرًا أَوْ يَقُولُ خَيْرًا» قَالَتْ وَلَمْ أَسْمَعْهُ يُرَخَّصُ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنَ الْكَذِبِ مِمَّا يَقُولُ النَّاسُ إِلَّا فِي ثَلَاثٍ فِي الْحَرْبِ وَالْإِصْلَاحِ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ وَحَدِيثِ الرَّجُلِ امْرَأَتَهُ وَحَدِيثِ الْمَرْأَةِ زَوْجَهَا وَكَانَتْ أُمُّ كُلْثُومٍ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرَاتِ اللَّاتِي بَايَعْنَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ  

Jabir reported the Apostle of Allaah ﷺ as saying “War is deception.” (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2636)   

قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «الْحَرْبُ خَدْعَةٌ»  

[Machine] I heard Ali ibn Abi Talib saying about something that Allah and His Messenger have confirmed. I said, "This is something I have heard." He replied, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'War is deceit.'"  

سَمِعْتُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ يَقُولُ فِي شَيْءٍ صَدَقَ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ قُلْتُ «هَذَا شَيْءٌ سَمِعْتُهُ» قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «الْحَرْبُ خَدْعَةٌ»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him, "Kikh kikh, have you not felt that we do not eat charity?"  

لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «كِخْ كِخْ أَمَا شَعَرْتَ أَنَّا لَا نَأْكُلُ الصَّدَقَةَ»  

[Machine] When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ conquered Khaibar, Al-Hajjaj bin 'Imrah said, "O Messenger of Allah, I have wealth and family in Mecca, and I want to go to them. If I obtain something from you and say something, give me permission." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ granted him permission. When he arrived at his wife in Mecca, he said to his family, "Gather whatever wealth and belongings I have, for I intend to buy from the spoils of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his companions. They have been made permissible, and their wealth has been diminished, while the Muslims have been suppressed and the polytheists have become happy and joyful."  

لَمَّا افْتَتَحَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ خَيْبَرَ قَالَ الْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ عِلَاطٍ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ لِي بِمَكَّةَ مَالًا وَإِنَّ لِي بِهَا أَهْلًا وَأَنَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ آتِيَهُمْ فَإِنَّا فِي حِلٍّ إِنْ أَنَا نِلْتُ مِنْكَ وَقُلْتُ شَيْئًا فَأَذِنَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ عَلَى امْرَأَتِهِ بِمَكَّةَ قَالَ لِأَهْلِهِ «اجْمَعِي مَا كَانَ لِي مِنْ مَالٍ وَشَيْءٍ فَإِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَشْتَرِيَ مِنْ مَغَانِمِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابِهِ فَإِنَّهُمْ قَدْ أُبِيحُوا وَذَهَبَتْ أَمْوَالُهُمْ فَانْقَمَعَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ وَأَظْهَرَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ فَرَحًا وَسُرُورًا»  

[Machine] "On the day of Hunayn, the Muslims and the polytheists met, and the Muslims turned away victorious that day. I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and no one was with him except Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith ibn Abdul-Muttalib, holding tightly to the reins of the Prophet ﷺ , not disguising his eagerness to reach the polytheists. So I approached him and took hold of his reins, and he was riding a mule, a grey one. He said, 'O Abbas, call the people of As-Samurah.' And I was a man with a clear voice, so I called out loudly, 'Where are the people of As-Samurah?' So they came forward as if they were the camels when they yearn for their offspring. They were saying, 'Here we are, here we are.' And the polytheists came forward, and they met with the Muslims. The Ansar called out, 'O people of the Ansar!' Then the call was shortened and directed towards the Banu Harith ibn Al-Khazraj, and they called out, 'O Banu Harith ibn Al-Khazraj!' The Prophet ﷺ looked while he was on his mule, as if he was inclining towards their fight, and he said, 'This is when the vanguard was attacked.' Then he took some gravel in his hand and threw it at them, saying, 'They have been defeated, I swear by the Lord of the Ka'bah! By Allah, I still see their affair as a closed one and their number is few, until Allah defeated them.' It was as if I could see the Prophet ﷺ running behind them on his mule."  

لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ حُنَيْنٍ الْتَقَى الْمُسْلِمُونَ وَالْمُشْرِكُونَ فَوَلَّى الْمُسْلِمُونَ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ وَمَا مَعَهُ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ آخِذٌ بِغَرْزِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ لَا يَأْلُو مَا أَسْرَعَ نَحْوَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَأَتَيْتُهُ فَأَخَذْتُ بِلِجَامِهِ وَهُوَ عَلَى بَغْلَةٍ لَهُ شَهْبَاءَ فَقَالَ يَا عَبَّاسُ «نَادِ أَصْحَابَ السَّمُرَةِ وَكُنْتُ رَجُلًا صَيِّتًا فَنَادَيْتُ بِصَوْتِي الْأَعْلَى أَيْنَ أَصْحَابُ السَّمُرَةِ؟ فَأَقْبَلُوا كَأَنَّهُمُ الْإِبِلُ إِذَا حَنَّتْ إِلَى أَوْلَادِهَا» يَقُولُونَ يَا لَبَّيْكَ يَا لَبَّيْكَ وَأَقْبَلَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ فَالْتَقَوْا هُمْ وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ وَتَنَادَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ ثُمَّ قَصُرَتِ الدَّعْوَةُ فِي بَنِي الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْخَزْرَجِ فَتَنَادَوْا يَا بَنِي الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْخَزْرَجِ فَنَظَرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَهُوَ عَلَى بَغْلَتِهِ كَالْمُتَطَاوِلِ إِلَى قِتَالِهِمْ فَقَالَ هَذَا حِينَ حَمِيَ الْوَطِيسُ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ مِنَ الْحَصَى فَرَمَاهُمْ بِهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ «انْهَزَمُوا وَرَبِّ الْكَعْبَةِ فَوَاللهِ مَا زِلْتُ أَرَى أَمْرَهُمْ مُدْبِرًا وَحَدَّهُمْ كَلِيلًا حَتَّى هَزَمَهُمُ اللهُ فَكَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يَرْكُضُ خَلْفَهُمْ عَلَى بَغْلَتِهِ»  

[Machine] Abu Dharr said about this verse "These two opponents disputed about their Lord" [Surah Al-Hajj, verse 19]: It was revealed about those who competed with each other.  

عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ {هَذَانِ خَصْمَانِ اخْتَصَمُوا فِي رَبِّهِمْ} [الحج 19] قَالَ «نَزَلَتْ فِي الَّذِينَ تَبَارَزُوا»  

I heard Abu Dhar swearing that the following Holy verse:-- "These two opponents (believers and disbelievers) disputing with each other about their Lord," (22.19) was revealed concerning those men who fought on the day of Badr, namely, Hamza, ʿAli, Ubaida bin Al-Harith, ʿUtba and Shaiba----the two sons of Rabiʿa-- and Al-Walid bin ʿUtba. (Using translation from Bukhārī 3969)   

أَنَّ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {هَذَانِ خَصْمَانِ اخْتَصَمُوا فِي رَبِّهِمْ} [الحج 19] نَزَلَتْ فِي الَّذِينَ تَبَارَزُوا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ حَمْزَةُ وَعَلِيٌّ وَعُبَيْدَةُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ وَعُتْبَةُ وَشَيْبَةُ ابْنَا رَبِيعَةَ وَالْوَلِيدُ بْنُ عُتْبَةَ  

[Machine] This verse was revealed about us and in our confrontation on the day of Badr. "These two opponents disputed regarding their Lord." [Surah Al-Hajj, 19]  

فِينَا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ وَفِي مُبَارِزَتِنَا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ {هَذَانِ خَصْمَانِ اخْتَصَمُوا فِي رَبِّهِمْ} [الحج 19]  

[Machine] "When the polytheists oppressed the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, who was among seven of the Ansar and two men from Quraysh, he said, 'Who will rid us of them while being my companion in Paradise?' A man from the Ansar took that burden and fought until he was killed, but when they became oppressive once again, he said, 'Who will rid us of them while being my companion in Paradise?' and he killed seven (of them). Then he said to his companions, 'Our companions have not been treated fairly.'"  

أَنَّ الْمُشْرِكِينَ لَمَّا رَهِقُوا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ فِي سَبْعَةٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَرَجُلَيْنِ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ قَالَ «مِنْ يُرُدَّ هَؤُلَاءِ عَنَّا وَهُوَ رَفِيقِي فِي الْجَنَّةِ فَحَمَلَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَقَاتَلَ حَتَّى قُتِلَ فَلَمَّا أُرْهِقُوا أَيْضًا» قَالَ «مَنْ يَرُدَّ هَؤُلَاءِ عَنِّي وَهُوَ رَفِيقِي فِي الْجَنَّةِ حَتَّى قَتَلَ سَبْعَةً» فَقَالَ لِصَاحِبِيهِ «مَا أَنْصَفْنَا أَصْحَابَنَا»  

[Machine] A masked man came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and said, "What do you think if I were to embrace Islam? Would it be good for me?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Yes." The man then declared his faith by saying, "I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah." He then asked the Prophet ﷺ , "What do you think if I were to join the fight against the enemy, fighting until I am killed, without praying any prayer except for bearing witness that there is no god but Allah and that you are the Messenger of Allah?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Yes." The man then took part in the battle, fought bravely and was eventually killed. The companions praised his actions, and the Prophet ﷺ said, "He did little, but will receive great rewards." Abu Abdullah Al-Ruhayyis from the people of Bajdah was a trustworthy narrator, as was Ali ibn Ayyash al-Himsi.  

جَاءَ رَجُلٌ مُقَنَّعٌ فِي الْحَدِيدِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ «أَرَأَيْتَ لَوْ أَنِّي أَسْلَمْتُ أَكَانَ خَيْرًا لِي؟» قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ «فَشَهِدَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ» ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ «أَرَأَيْتَ لَوْ أَنِّي حَمَلْتُ عَلَى الْقَوْمِ فَقَاتَلْتُ حَتَّى أُقْتَلَ أَكَانَ خَيْرًا لِي وَلَمْ أُصَلِّ صَلَاةً غَيْرَ أَنِّي أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ؟» قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ «فَحَمَلَ فَضَارَبَ فَقَتَلَ وَقُتِلَ ثُمَّ تَعَاوَرُوا عَلَيْهِ فَقُتِلَ» فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «عَمِلَ يَسِيرًا وَأُجِرَ كَثِيرًا» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ حُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ «رَقِّيٌّ جَزَرِيٌّ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَاجِدَاءَ ثِقَةٍ وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ حِمْصِيٌّ ثِقَةٌ»  

I was in the company of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the Day of Hunain. I and Abd Sufyan b. Harith b. 'Abd al-Muttalib stuck to the Messenaer of Allah ﷺ and we did not separate from him. And the Messenger of Allah (may place be upon him) was riding on his white mule which had been presented to him by Farwa b. Nufitha al-Judhami. When the Muslims had an encounter with the disbelievers, the Muslims fled, falling back, but the Messenger of Allah ﷺ began to spur his mule towards the disbelievers. I was holding the bridle of the mule of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ checking it from going very fast, and Abu Sufyan was holding the stirrup of the (mule of the) Messenger of Allah ﷺ, who said: Abbas, call out to the people of al-Samura. Abbas (who was a man with a loud voice) called out at the top of the voice: Where are the people of Samura? (Abbas said: ) And by God, when they heard my voice, they came back (to us) as cows come back to their calves, and said: We are present, we are present! 'Abbas said: They began to fight the infidels. Then there was a call to The Ansar. Those (who called out to them) shouted: O ye party of the Ansar! O party of the Ansar! Banu al-Harith b. al-Khazraj were the last to be called. Those (who called out to them) shouted: O Banu Al-Harith b. al-Khazraj! O BanU Harith b. al-Khazraj! And the Messenger of Allah ﷺ who was riding on his mule looked at their fight with his neck stretched forward and he said: This is the time when the fight is raging hot. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ took (some) pebbles and threw them in the face of the infidels. Then he said: By the Lord of Muhammad, the infidels are defeated. 'Abbas said: I went round and saw that the battle was in the same condition in which I had seen it. By Allah, it remained in the same condition until he threw the pebbles. I continued to watch until I found that their force had been spent out and they began to retreat. (Using translation from Muslim 1775a)  

قَالَ عَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ شَهِدْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ حُنَيْنًا فَلَزِمْتُ أَنَا وَأَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَلَمْ نُفَارِقْهُ وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى بَغْلَةٍ لَهُ بَيْضَاءَ أَهْدَاهَا لَهُ فَرْوَةُ بْنُ نُفَاثَةَ الْجُذَامِيُّ فَلَمَّا الْتَقَى الْمُسْلِمُونَ وَالْكُفَّارُ وَلَّى الْمُسْلِمُونَ مُدْبِرِينَ فَطَفِقَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَرْكُضُ بَغْلَتَهُ نَحْوَ الْكُفَّارِ قَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ وَأَنَا آخِذٌ بِلِجَامِ بَغْلَةِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَكُفُّهَا إِرَادَةَ أَنْ لَا تُسْرِعَ وَأَبُو سُفْيَانَ آخُذٌ بِرِكَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «أَيْ عَبَّاسُ نَادِ أَصْحَابَ السَّمُرَةِ» قَالَ عَبَّاسٌ «وَكُنْتُ رَجُلًا صَيِّتًا» فَقُلْتُ بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِي «أَيْنَ أَصْحَابُ السَّمُرَةِ؟ فَوَاللهِ لَكَأَنَّ عَطْفَتَهُمْ حِينَ سَمِعُوا صَوْتِي عَطْفَةَ الْبَقَرِ عَلَى أَوْلَادِهَا» فَقَالُوا «يَا لَبَّيْكَ يَا لَبَّيْكَ فَاقْتَتَلُوا هُمْ وَالْكُفَّارُ وَالدَّعْوَةُ فِي الْأَنْصَارِ» يَقُولُونَ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ ثُمَّ قَصُرَتِ الدَّعْوَةُ عَلَى بَنِي الْحَارِثِ بْنِ الْخَزْرَجِ فَنَظَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ عَلَى بَغْلَتِهِ كَالْمُتَطَاوِلِ عَلَيْهَا إِلَى قِتَالِهِمْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «هَذَا حِينَ حَمِيَ الْوَطِيسُ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَصَيَاتٍ فَرَمَى بِهِنَّ فِي وُجُوهِ الْكُفَّارِ» ثُمَّ قَالَ «انْهَزَمُوا وَرَبِّ مُحَمَّدٍ فَذَهَبْتُ أَنْظُرُ فَإِذَا الْقِتَالُ عَلَى هَيْئَتِهِ عَلَى مَا أَرَى فَوَاللهِ مَا هُوَ إِلَّا أَنْ رَمَاهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِحَصَيَاتِهِ فَمَا زِلْتُ أَرَى حَدَّهُمْ كَلِيلًا وَأَمْرَهُمْ مُدْبِرًا حَتَّى يَعْنِي هَزَمَهُمُ اللهُ»  

[Machine] "It was revealed among the people of Badr."  

«نَزَلَتْ فِي أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ»  

The Messenger of Allah [SAW] said: "Whoever comes worshipping Allah and not associating anything with Him, establishing Salah, paying Zakah and avoiding major sins, Paradise will be his." They asked him about major sins and he said: "Associating others with Allah, killing a Muslim soul, and fleeing (from the battlefield) on the day of the march." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4009)   

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ «مَنْ مَاتَ يَعْبُدُ اللهَ لَا يُشْرِكُ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَيُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ وَيُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ وَيَصُومُ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ وَيَجْتَنِبُ الْكَبَائِرَ فَلَهُ الْجَنَّةُ» فَسَأَلَهُ مَا الْكَبَائِرُ؟ قَالَ «الْإِشْرَاكُ بِاللهِ وَقَتْلُ النَّفْسِ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللهُ وَفِرَارُ يَوْمِ الزَّحْفِ»  

"A Jew said to his companion: 'Let us go to this Prophet.' His companion said to him: 'Do not say Prophet; if he hears you, he will become big-headed.' So they came to the Messenger of Allah [SAW] and asked him about nine clear signs. He said to them: 'Do not associate anything with Allah, do not steal, do not commit adultery, do not kill any soul whom Allah has forbidden you to kill, except by right, do not speak falsely about an innocent man before a ruler, do not engage in magic, do not consume Riba (usury), do not slander chaste women, and do not flee on the day of the march (to battle). And for you Jews especially, do not break the Sabbath.' They kissed his hands and feet and said: 'We bear witness that you are a Prophet.' He said: 'What is keeping you from following me?' They said: 'Dawud prayed that there would always be a Prophet among his descendants, and we are afraid that if we follow you, the Jews will kill us.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4078)  

قَالَ يَهُودِيٌّ لِصَاحِبِهِ اذْهَبْ بِنَا إِلَى هَذَا النَّبِيِّ قَالَ صَاحِبُهُ «لَا تَقُلْ نَبِيًّا لَوْ سَمِعَكَ كَانَ لَهُ أَرْبَعَةُ أَعْيُنٍ فَأَتَيَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَسَأَلَاهُ عَنْ تِسْعِ آيَاتِ بَيِّنَاتٍ» فَقَالَ لَهُمْ «لَا تُشْرِكُوا بِاللهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا تَسْرِقُوا وَلَا تَزْنُوا وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللهُ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ وَلَا تَمْشُوا بِبَرِيءٍ إِلَى سُلْطَانٍ وَلَا تَسْحَرُوا وَلَا تَأْكُلُوا الرِّبَا وَلَا تَقْذِفُوا الْمُحْصَنَةَ وَلَا تَوَلَّوْا يَوْمَ الزَّحْفِ وَعَلَيْكُمْ خَاصَّةً يَهُودُ أَنْ لَا تَعْدُوا فِي السَّبْتِ» فَقَبَّلُوا يَدَيْهِ وَرِجْلَيْهِ وَقَالُوا «نَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ نَبِيٌّ» قَالَ «فَمَا يَمْنَعُكُمْ أَنْ تَتَّبِعُونِي» قَالُوا «إِنَّ دَاوُدَ دَعَا أَنْ لَا يَزَالَ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّتِهِ نَبِيٌّ وَإِنَّا نَخَافُ إِنِ تَبِعْنَاكَ أَنْ تَقْتُلَنَا يَهُودٌ» اللَّفْظُ لِمُحَمَّدٍ  

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , used to, whenever he defeated a people, prefer to stay in their land for three nights. And he also said on another occasion, "I prefer to stay in their land for three nights."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا غَلَبَ قَوْمًا أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ بِعَرْصَتِهِمْ ثَلَاثًا وَقَالَ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى «أَحَبَّ أَنْ يُقِيمَ بِعَرْصَتِهِمْ ثَلَاثًا»  

“Allah has prescribed Al-Ihsan (proficiency) in all things. So if you kill, then kill well, and if you slaughter, then slaughter well. Let one of you sharpen his blade and spare suffering to the animal he slaughters.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 3170)  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «إِنَّ اللهَ كَتَبَ الْإِحْسَانَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ فَإِذَا قَتَلْتُمْ فَأَحْسِنُوا الْقِتْلَةَ وَإِذَا ذَبَحْتُمْ فَأَحْسِنُوا الذَّبْحَ وَلْيُحِدَّ أَحَدُكُمْ شَفْرَتَهُ وَلْيُرِحْ ذَبِيحَتَهُ»  

"I formed a partnership with 'Ammar and Sa'd on the day of Badr. Sa'd brought two prisoners but 'Ammar and I did not bring anything." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3937)  

«اشْتَرَكْتُ أَنَا وَعَمَّارٌ وَسَعْدٌ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ فَجَاءَ سَعْدٌ بِأَسِيرَيْنِ وَلَمْ أَجِئْ أَنَا وَعَمَّارٌ بِشَيْءٍ»  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ offered the Fajr prayer when it was still dark, then he rode and said, 'Allah Akbar! Khaibar is ruined. When we approach near to a nation, the most unfortunate is the morning of those who have been warned." The people came out into the streets saying, "Muhammad and his army." Messenger of Allah ﷺ vanquished them by force and their warriors were killed; the children and women were taken as captives. Safiya was taken by Dihya Al-Kalbi and later she belonged to Allah's Apostle go who married her and her Mahr was her manumission. (Using translation from Bukhārī 947)   

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ صَلَّى الصُّبْحَ قَالَ «بِغَلَسٍ ثُمَّ رَكِبَ» فَقَالَ «اللهُ أَكْبَرُ خَرِبَتْ خَيْبَرُ إِنَّا إِذَا نَزَلْنَا بِسَاحَةِ قَوْمٍ فَسَاءَ صَبَاحُ الْمُنْذَرِينَ فَجَاءُوا يَسْعَوْنَ فِي الْبَلَدِ» وَيَقُولُونَ مُحَمَّدٌ وَالْخَمِيسُ فَظَهَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَتَلَ مُقَاتِلَتَهُمْ وَسَبَى ذَرَارِيَّهُمْ وَصَارَتْ صَفِيَّةُ بِنْتُ حُيَيٍّ لِدِحْيَةَ الْكَلْبِيِّ ثُمَّ صَارَتْ بَعْدُ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَتَزَوَّجَهَا وَجَعَلَ مَهْرَهَا عِتْقَهَا قَالَ لَهُ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ يَا أَبَا مُحَمَّدٍ أَنْتَ سَأَلْتَ أَنَسًا مَا أَمْهَرَهَا قَالَ قَالَ أَنَسٌ «أَمْهَرَهَا عِتْقَهَا»  

The Prophet ﷺ fixed the ransom of the people of pre-Islamic Arabia at four hundred dirhams per head on the day of the battle of Badr. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2691)  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ «جَعَلَ فِدَاءَ أَهْلِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ أَرْبَعَمِائَةٍ»  

[Machine] Jibreel came to the Prophet ﷺ on the day of Badr and said, "Give your companions the choice regarding the prisoners. If they wish, they can demand ransom, and if they wish, they can put them to death. If you agree to accept ransom, a number of them would be set free." The Prophet's companions said, "We will not agree to ransom. We will put them to death instead." (Narrated by Mahmoud ibn Ghailan, from Abu Dawud Al-Haffari)  

جَاءَ جِبْرِيلُ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ خَيِّرْ أَصْحَابَكَ فِي الْأُسَارَى إِنْ شَاءُوا فِي الْقَتْلِ وَإِنْ شَاءُوا فِي الْفِدَاءِ عَلَى أَنْ يُقْتَلَ عَامًا مُقْبِلًا مَثَلُهُمْ مِنْهُمٍ فَقَالُوا «الْفِدَاءُ وَيُقْتَلُ مِنَّا» 8609 وَعَنْ مَحْمُودِ بْنِ غَيْلَانَ عَنْ أَبِي دَاوُدَ الْحَفْرِيِّ بِهِ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ sent a detachment and said, "Take the spoils, but there is a man among them." He said to them, "I am not one of them, but I fell in love with a woman, so I followed her to see her for a moment. Then do to me what appears to you." The woman said, "If a woman is tall, she has a lot of blood." He said to her, "Submit to Hubaysh before bread runs out. Tell me, if I had followed you, would I have caught up to you with jewelry or reached you with weapons? Is it not fair for a lover to assume the burden of entering the secret and public gardens?" She said, "Yes, I swear by you." He said, "Then give it to them." So they beheaded him. The woman came and stood over him and sobbed once or twice, then she died. When they returned to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, they informed him of the news. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Wasn't there among you a compassionate man?"  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بَعَثَ سَرِيَّةً قَالَ «فَغَنِمُوا وَفِيهِمْ رَجُلٌ» فَقَالَ لَهُمْ «إِنِّي لَسْتُ مِنْهُمْ عَشِقْتُ امْرَأَةً فَلَحِقْتُهَا فَدَعُونِي أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهَا نَظْرَةً ثُمَّ اصْنَعُوا بِي مَا بَدَا لَكُمْ» قَالَ «فَإِذَا امْرَأَةٌ طَوِيلَةٌ أَدْمَاءُ» فَقَالَ لَهَا «أَسْلِمِي حُبَيْشُ قَبْلَ نَفَادِ الْعَيْشِ أَرَأَيْتِ لَوْ تَبِعْتُكُمْ فَلَحِقْتُكُمْ بِحِلْيَةٍ أَوْ أَدْرَكْتُكُمْ بِالْخَوَانِقِ أَلَمْ يَكُ حَقًّا أَنْ يُنَوَّلَ عَاشِقٌ تَكَلَّفَ إِدْلَاجَ السُّرَى والْوَدَائِقَ؟» قَالَتْ نَعَمْ فَدَيْتُكَ قَالَ فَقَدَّمُوهُ فَضَرَبُوا عُنُقَهُ فَجَاءَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ فَوَقَفَتْ عَلَيْهِ فَشَهِقَتْ شَهْقَةً أَوْ شَهْقَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ مَاتَتْ فَلَمَّا قَدِمُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَخْبَرُوهُ الْخَبَرَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «أَمَا كَانَ فِيكُمْ رَجُلٌ رَحِيمٌ»  

[Machine] That the Prophet ﷺ "gave a person from the polytheists and took two people from the Muslims as a ransom for the group with one."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ «أَعْطَى رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَأَخَذَ رَجُلَيْنِ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فِدَاءَ الْجَمَاعَةِ بِالْوَاحِدِ»  

[Machine] "So I killed seven poets with my own hands, and Abu Bakr offered me a woman from the Banu Fazara tribe, who were among the noblest Arabs. I presented her to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and he said, 'Give me the woman.' I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, I am greatly impressed by her and have not revealed any flaw to her.' Then I met him later in the market and he said, 'O Salamah, give me the woman for the sake of Allah, your father.' I said, 'She is for you, O Messenger of Allah.' So he took her and sent her to Makkah, and she ransomed the captive Muslim prisoners who were in the hands of the disbelievers, and she had a mother among them."  

«فَقَتَلْتُ سَبْعَةَ أَبْيَاتٍ بِيَدَيَّ فَنَفَّلَنِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ امْرَأَةً مِنْ بَنِي فَزَارَةَ مِنْ أَحْسَنِ الْعَرَبِ فَقَدِمْتُ بِهَا فَلَقِيتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ» فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «هَبْ لِي الْمَرْأَةَ» قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَاللهِ لَقَدْ أَعْجَبَتْنِي وَمَا كَشَفْتُ لَهَا عَنْ ثَوْبٍ ثُمَّ لَقِيتُهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فِي السُّوقِ فَقَالَ «يَا سَلَمَةُ هَبْ لِي الْمَرْأَةَ لِلَّهِ أَبُوكَ» قُلْتُ «هِيَ لَكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَأَخَذَهَا فَبَعَثَ بِهَا إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَفَادَى بِهَا أَسْرَى مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ كَانُوا فِي أَيْدِي الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَكَانَتْ لَهَا أُمٌّ عِنْدَهُمْ»  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "Feed the hungry, visit the sick, and set free the captives." (Using translation from Bukhārī 5649)  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «أَطْعِمُوا الْجَائِعَ وَعُودُوا الْمَرِيضَ وَفُكُّوا الْعَانِيَ»  

[Machine] On the day of Hudaybiyah, eighty men from the people of Makkah descended upon the Prophet ﷺ from the mountain of Tan'im. They said, "We will capture Muhammad and his companions." The Prophet ﷺ greeted them peacefully and then pardoned them. Allah, the blessed and exalted, revealed the following verse, "And it is He who withheld their hands from you and your hands from them" [Surah Al-Fath, verse 24].  

هَبَطَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يَوْمَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ ثَمَانُونَ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ مِنْ جَبَلِ التَّنْعِيمِ فَقَالُوا نَأْخُذُ مُحَمَّدًا وَأَصْحَابَهُ فَأَخَذَهُمُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ سِلْمًا ثُمَّ عَفَا عَنْهُمْ فَأَنزَلَ اللهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى {وَهُوَ الَّذِي كَفَّ أَيْدِيَهُمْ عَنْكُمْ وَأَيْدِيَكُمْ عَنْهُمْ} [الفتح 24]  

[Machine] While the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was in a state of prostration and the leaders of Quraysh were sitting, a decapitated head of a camel was thrown. They said, "Who among you would take care of this?" He (the Messenger of Allah) replied, "Leave that and let it be." Uqbah ibn Abi Mu'ayt took it and threw it on his back, while the Messenger of Allah ﷺ remained in prostration without raising his head until Fatimah came and took it off his back and cursed those who had done such an act. On that day, I saw him (the Messenger of Allah) supplicating against them saying, "O Allah, punish Abu Jahl ibn Hisham, Utbah ibn Rabiah, Umayyah ibn Khalaf, and Uqbah ibn Abi Mu'ayt." I saw them killed on the Day of Badr and their bodies thrown except for Umayyah who was a huge man, and when he was dragged, he was torn apart.  

بَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَاجِدٌ وَالْمَلَأُ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ جُلُوسٌ وَسَلَى جَزُورٍ مَطْرُوحَةٌ فَقَالُوا «أَيُّكُمْ يَذْهَبُ بِهَذَا؟» قَالَ «فَهَابُوا ذَلِكَ فَأَخَذَهُ عُقْبَةُ فَطَرَحَهُ عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَاجِدٌ لَمْ يَرْفَعْ رَأْسَهُ حَتَّى جَاءَتْ فَاطِمَةُ فَأَخَذَتْهُ عَنْ ظَهْرِهِ وَسَبَّتِ الَّذِي فَعَلَهُ فَرَأَيْتُهُ يَوْمَئِذٍ دَعَا عَلَيْهِمْ» فَقَالَ «اللهُمَّ عَلَيْكَ بِأَبِي جَهْلِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ وَعُتْبَةَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ وَأُبَيًّا أَوْ أُمَيَّةَ وَعُقْبَةَ بْنَ أَبِي مُعَيْطٍ فَرَأَيْتُهُمْ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ قُتِلُوا فَأُلْقُوا إِلَّا أُمَيَّةَ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ رَجُلًا ضَخْمًا فَلَمَّا جُرَّ تَقَطَّعَ»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to pray towards the shadow of the Kaaba. Abu Jahl and some people from the Quraysh were talking about the sacrifices that had been slaughtered near Makkah, so they sent for them and they came and threw the entrails on his back. Fatimah came and removed them from him. When he finished praying, which was recommended as three [rak'ahs], he said, "O Allah, curse the Quraysh, O Allah, curse the Quraysh, O Allah, curse Abu Jahl bin Hisham, Umayyah bin Khalaf, Shaybah bin Rabiah, and 'Uqbah bin Abi Mu'ait." Abdullah said, "Verily, I saw them as dead in the pit of Badr."  

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُصَلِّي إِلَى ظِلِّ الْكَعْبَةِ فَقَالَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ وَنَاسٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَقَدْ نُحِرَتْ جَزُورٌ مِنْ نَاحِيَةِ مَكَّةَ فَبَعَثُوا فَجَاءُوا مِنْ سَلَاهَا فَطَرَحُوهُ بَيْنَ كَتِفَيْهِ فَجَاءَتْ فَاطِمَةُ فَطَرَحَتْهُ عَنْهُ فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ وَكَانَ يُسْتَحَبُّ ثَلَاثًا فَقَالَ «اللهُمَّ عَلَيْكَ بِقُرَيْشٍ اللهُمَّ عَلَيْكَ بِقُرَيْشٍ اللهُمَّ عَلَيْكَ بِأَبِي جَهْلِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ وَبِعُتْبَةَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ وَبِشَيْبَةَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ وَبِأُمَيَّةَ بْنِ خَلَفٍ وَبِعُقْبَةَ بْنِ أَبِي مُعَيْطٍ» قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ «فَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتُهُمْ قَتْلَى فِي قُلَيْبِ بَدْرٍ»  

[Machine] I said, "O Messenger of Allah, Abu Jahl has been killed." He said, "Praise be to Allah who fulfilled His promise and honored His religion."  

قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قُتِلَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ قَالَ «الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي صَدَقَ وَعْدَهُ وَأَعَزَّ دِينَهُ»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said to Ja'arir, "Won't you relieve me from this headache?" Ja'arir replied, "So I hated that and I was a man who could not keep up on horseback, so he struck me with his hand on my chest until I saw the mark of his fingers." Then he said, "O Allah, make him steadfast and guide him." So I burned it with fire. Ja'arir sent a man from us to the Prophet, ﷺ , called Abu Arta'ah. He came to the Prophet, ﷺ , and said, "O Messenger of Allah, I swear by the One who sent you with the truth, I did not come to you until I left it as if it were a stubborn camel." So he blessed the horses of Ahmas and its men five times.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَا جَرِيرُ «أَلَا تُرِيحُنِي مِنْ ذِي الْخَلَصَةِ» قَالَ «فَنَفَرْتُ وَكُنْتُ رَجُلًا لَا أَثْبُتُ عَلَى الْخَيْلِ فَضَرَبَ بِيَدِهِ فِي صَدْرِي حَتَّى رَأَيْتُ أَثَرَ أَصَابِعِهِ» فَقَالَ «اللهُمَّ ثَبِّتْهُ وَاجْعَلْهُ هَادِيًا مَهْدِيًّا فَأَحْرَقْتُهَا بِالنَّارِ» فَبَعَثَ جَرِيرٌ رَجُلًا مِنَّا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يُقَالُ لَهُ أَبُو أَرْطَاةَ فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ «وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ مَا جِئْتُكَ حَتَّى تَرَكْتُهَا كَأَنَّهَا جَمَلٌ أَجْرَبُ فَبَرَّكَ عَلَى خَيْلِ أَحْمَسَ وَرِجَالِهَا خَمْسَ مَرَّاتٍ»  

[Machine] I came to the Prophet ﷺ carrying the head of Al-Aswad Al-Ansi, the liar, from his father.  

عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بِرَأْسِ الْأَسْوَدِ الْعَنْسِيِّ الْكَذَّابِ  

[Machine] "O Caliph, Messenger of Allah, indeed they are doing this to us." He said, "Are you seeking help from the Persians and the Byzantines? Don't bring me a head, for only the book and the news are sufficient for me."  

يَا خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّهُمْ يَفْعَلُونَ ذَلِكَ بِنَا قَالَ «أَفَاسْتِنَانًا بِفَارِسَ وَالرُّومِ؟ لَا يُحْمَلَنَّ إِلَيَّ رَأْسٌ فَإِنَّمَا يَكْفِينِي الْكِتَابُ والْخَبَرُ»  

The Quraysh sent me to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and when I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, Islam was cast into my heart, so I said: Messenger of Allah, I swear by Allah, I shall never return to them. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied: I do not break a covenant or imprison messengers, but return, and if you feel the same as you do just now, come back. So I went away, and then came to the Prophet ﷺ and accepted Islam. The narrator Bukair said: He informed me that Abu Rafi' was a Copt. Abu Dawud said: This was valid in those days, but today it is not valid. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2758)   

أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ أَقْبَلَ بِكِتَابٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أُلْقِيَ فِي قَلْبِي الْإِسْلَامَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ «إِنِّي وَاللهِ لَا أَرْجِعُ إِلَيْهِمْ أَبَدًا» قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنِّي لَا أَخِيسُ بِالْعَهْدِ وَلَا أَحْبِسُ الْبَرْدَ وَلَكِنِ ارْجِعْ فَإِنْ كَانَ فِي قَلْبِكَ الَّذِي فِي قَلْبِكَ الْآنَ فَارْجِعْ فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَيْهِمْ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلْتُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَسْلَمْتُ قَالَ بُكَيْرٌ «وَأَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّ أَبَا رَافِعٍ كَانَ قِبْطِيًّا»  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «لَوْلَا أَنَّكَ رَسُولٌ لَضَرَبْتُ عُنُقَكَ فَأَنْتَ الْيَوْمَ لَسْتَ بِرَسُولٍ قُمْ فَاضْرِبْ عُنُقَهُ فَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ فَضَرَبَ عُنُقَهُ»  

[Machine] "The Prophet ﷺ said, 'If it weren't for the fact that you are a messenger, meaning a messenger of Musaylimah, I would have killed you.'"  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ «لَوْلَا أَنَّكَ رَسُولٌ يَعْنِي رَسُولًا لمُسَيْلِمَةَ لَقَتَلْتُكَ»  

[Machine] We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ during one of his expeditions. We camped in a flat area when a Bedouin man came riding on a camel and his camel stumbled and fell. He saw that the people had some wealth with them, so he returned to his camel and started loading it with their possessions. A Muslim man followed him on his own camel, and I followed them both. The Muslim man reached the struggling camel before I did, and I reached the slower camel before the Bedouin did. I took hold of the reins of the struggling camel and said, "Brother!" When he extended his hands, I struck him and he was killed. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Who killed this man?" They said, "Salama ibn al-Akwa' did." He said, "He (the Bedouin) has all his possessions."  

كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي غَزَاةٍ لَهُ فَنَزَلْنَا بِبَطْحَاءَ فَجَاءَ أَعْرَابِيٌّ عَلَى بَكْرٍ لَهُ فَأنَاخَ وَعَقَلَ بِكْرَهُ فَرَأَى فِي الْقَوْمِ رِقَّةً فَرَجَعَ إِلَى بِكْرِهِ فَحَلَّهُ ثُمَّ رَكِبَهُ فَاتَّبَعَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَسْلَمَ عَلَى نَاقَةٍ لَهُ وَاتَّبَعَتْهُ فَكَانَ الْأَسْلَمِيُّ عِنْدَ عَجُزِ الْبِكْرِ وَكُنْتُ أَنَا عِنْدَ عَجُزِ النَّاقَةِ فَسَبَقْتُهُ فَأَخَذْتُ بِخِطَامِ الْبِكْرِ فَقُلْتُ إِخْ فَلَمَّا أَرْسَلَ يَدَيْهِ ضَرَبْتُ عُنُقَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «مَنْ قَتَلَ الرَّجُلَ؟» قَالُوا سَلَمَةُ بْنُ الْأَكْوَعِ قَالَ «فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ أَجْمَعَ»  

[Machine] "He heard, when the people of Qurayzah were under the authority of Saad, he came to the Prophet ﷺ riding a donkey and said, 'These people have submitted to your judgment.' He (the Prophet) said, 'I decree to kill their fighters and take their children captive.' He (the man) said, 'You have made a judgment concerning them as a king would.'"  

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَهُ لَمَّا نَزَلَ أَهْلُ قُرَيْظَةَ عَلَى حُكْمِ سَعْدٍ أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ عَلَى حِمَارٍ فَقَالَ «إِنَّ هَؤُلَاءِ نَزَلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِكَ» قَالَ «فَإِنِّي أَحْكُمُ أَنْ تُقَتَّلَ مُقَاتِلَتُهُمْ وَتُسْبَى ذَرَارِيُّهُمْ» قَالَ «حَكَمْتَ فِيهِمْ بِحُكْمِ الْمَلِكِ»  

"On the day of (the battle of) Al-Ahzab, Sa'd bin Mu'adh was struck by an arrow such that the upper vein or lower vein of his forearm was severed. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ tried to stop it with fire, but it made his arm bleed profusely so he left it. Then he did it another time but it caused it to bleed profusely. Upon seeing that he said: 'O Allah! Do not allow my soul depart until my eyes are comforted by elimination of Banu Quraizah.' He pressed his vein closed and it did not bleed a drop before they surrendered to the arbitration of Sa'd bin Mu'adh. He (the Prophet ﷺ) sent to him (Sa'd) who judged that their men should be killed, their women should be spared, and that the Muslims may share them among themselves. With this, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'You have judged according to Allah's judgement for them.' And they were four hundred. Then when he finished killing them, his vein opened up and he died." [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from Abu Sa'eed and 'Atiyyah Al-Qurazi. (Using translation from Tirmidhī 1582)  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ «رُمِيَ يَوْمَ الْأَحْزَابِ سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ فَقَطَعُوا أَكْحَلَهُ فَحَسَمَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِالنَّارِ فَانْتَفَخَتْ يَدُهُ فَتَرَكَهُ فَنَزَفَهُ الدَّمُ فَحَسَمَهُ أُخْرَى فَانْتَفَخَتْ يَدُهُ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ» قَالَ «اللهُمَّ لَا تُخْرِجْ نَفْسِي حَتَّى تُقِرَّ عَيْنِي مِنْ بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ فَاسْتَمْسَكَ عِرْقُهُ فَمَا قَطَرَ قَطْرَةً حَتَّى نَزَلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِ سَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ فَحَكَمَ أَنْ تُقْتَلَ رِجَالُهُمْ وَيُسْتَحْيَى نِسَاؤُهُمْ ويَسْتَعِينُ بِهِمُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ» فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «أَصَبْتَ حُكْمَ اللهِ فِيهِمْ وَكَانُوا أَرْبَعَمِائَةٍ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ قَتْلِهِمُ انْفَتَقَ عِرْقُهُ فَمَاتَ»  

“Whenever he appointed a man to lead a military detachment, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would advise him especially to fear Allah and treat the Muslims with him well. He ﷺ said: ‘Fight in the Name of Allah and in the cause of Allah. Fight those how disbelieve in Allah. Fight but do not be treacherous, do not steal from the spoils of war, do not mutilate and do not kill children. When you meet your enemy from among the polytheists, call them to one of three things. Whichever of them they respond to, accept it from them and refrain from fighting them. Invite them to accept Islam, and if they respond then accept it from them and refrain from fighting them. Then invite them to leave their land and move to the land of the polytheists. Tell them that if they do that, then they will have the same rights and duties as the polytheists. If they refuse, then tell them that they will be like the Muslim Bedouins (who live in the desert), subject to the same rulings of Allah as the believers. But they will have no share of Fay’* or war spoils, unless they fight alongside the Muslims. If they refuse to enter Islam, then ask them to pay the Poll-tax. If they do that, then accept it from them and refrain from fighting them. But if they refuse, then seek the help of Allah against them and fight them. If you lay siege to them and they want you to give them the protection of Allah and your Prophet, do not give them the protection of Allah and your Prophet, rather give them your protection and the protection of your father and your Companions, for if you violate your protection and the protection of your fathers, that is easier than violating the protection of Allah and the protection of His Messenger. If you lay siege to them and they want you to let them come out with a promise of the judgement of Allah and His Messenger ﷺ, do not offer them a promise of the judgement of Allah and His Messenger ﷺ, rather offer them your judgement, because you do not know if you will actually pass (the same as) Allah’s judgement regarding them or not.’” Another chain reports a similar hadith. (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2858)   

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا بَعَثَ أَمِيرًا عَلَى جَيْشٍ أَوْ سَرِيَّةٍ دَعَاهُ فَأَوْصَاهُ فِي خَاصَّةِ نَفْسِهِ وَمَنْ مَعَهُ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ خَيْرًا وَقَالَ «اغْزُوا بِاسْمِ اللهِ وَلَا تَغْدِرُوا وَلَا تُمَثِّلُوا وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا وَلِيدًا وَإِذَا لَقِيتَ عَدُوَّكَ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَادْعُهُمْ إِلَى إِحْدَى ثَلَاثٍ فَإِنْ أَجَابُوكَ إِلَيْهَا فَاقْبَلْ مِنْهُمْ وَكُفَّ عَنْهُمُ ادْعُهُمْ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ فَإِنْ فَعَلُوا فَأَخْبِرْهُمْ أَنَّ لَهُمْ مَا لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ وَأَنَّ عَلَيْهِمْ مَا عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ ثُمَّ ادْعُهُمْ إِلَى التَّحَوُّلِ مِنْ دَارِهِمْ إِلَى دَارِ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ فَإِنْ فَعَلُوا فَأَخْبِرْهُمْ أَنَّ لَهُمْ مَا لِلْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَأَنَّ عَلَيْهِمْ مَا عَلَى الْمُهَاجِرِينَ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَسْلَمُوا وَاخْتَارُوا دَارَهُمْ فَأَخْبِرْهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ كَأَعْرَابِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَجْرِي عَلَيْهِمْ حُكْمُ اللهِ الَّذِي يَجْرِي عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ» أَوْ قَالَ «عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَأَنَّ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ فِي الْغَنِيمَةِ وَالْفَيْءِ شَيْءٌ فَإِنْ هُمْ أَبَوْا فَادْعُهُمْ إِلَى إِعْطَاءِ الْجِزْيَةِ فَإِنْ هُمْ فَعَلُوا فَاقْبَلْ مِنْهُمْ وَكَفَّ عَنْهُمْ فَإِنْ أَبَوْا فَاسْتَعِنْ بِاللهِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَقَاتِلْهُمْ وَإِذَا حَاصَرْتُمْ حِصْنًا فَأَرَادُوا عَلَى أَنْ تَجْعَلَ لَهُمْ ذِمَّةَ اللهِ وَذِمَّةَ رَسُولِهِ فَلَا تَجْعَلْ لَهُمْ ذِمَّةَ اللهِ تَعَالَى وَلَا ذِمَّةَ رَسُولِهِ وَاجْعَلْ لَهُمْ ذِمَّتَكَ وَذِمَمَ آبَائِكَ وَذِمَمَ أَصْحَابِكَ فَإِنَّكُمْ إِنْ تَخْفِرُوا ذِمَّتَكُمْ وَذِمَمَ أَصْحَابِكُمْ أَهْوَنُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْ أَنْ تَخْفِرُوا ذِمَّةَ اللهِ تَعَالَى وَذِمَّةَ رَسُولِهِ وَإِذَا حَاصَرْتُمْ حِصْنًا فَأَرَادُوا عَلَى أَنْ تُنْزِلُوهُمْ عَلَى حُكْمِ اللهِ فَلَا تُنْزِلُوهُمْ عَلَى حُكْمِ اللهِ فَإِنَّكَ لَا تَدْرِي أَتُصِيبُ فِيهِمْ حُكْمَ اللهِ أَمْ لَا وَلَكِنْ أَنْزِلُوهُمْ عَلَى حُكْمِكَ»