Umar used to admit me among the elders of Badr. Some of them said, “Why do you admit this young man among us when we have sons like him?” He said, “He is among those whom you already know.”

He said: So he summoned them one day and summoned me with them. He said: I did not think he summoned me that day except to show them something of me. He said, “What do you say about: “When the help of Allah and the conquest come, and you see the people entering...” until he completed the surah?” Some of them said, “We were commanded to praise Allah and seek His forgiveness when we are helped and victory is granted to us.” Others said, “We do not know,” or some of them said nothing.

Then he said to me, “O Ibn Abbas, is that what you say?” I said, “No.” He said, “Then what do you say?” I said, “It is the appointed time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, which Allah informed him of: “When the help of Allah and the conquest come,” meaning the conquest of Makkah; that is the sign of your appointed time. “So glorify the praise of your Lord and seek His forgiveness; indeed, He is ever accepting of repentance.” Umar said, “I know nothing of it except what you know.”

كَانَ عُمَرُ يُدْخِلُنِي مَعَ أَشْيَاخِ بَدْرٍ. فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: لِمَ تُدْخِلُ هَذَا الْفَتَى مَعَنَا وَلَنَا أَبْنَاءٌ مِثْلُهُ؟ فَقَالَ: إِنَّهُ مِمَّنْ قَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ.

قَالَ: فَدَعَاهُمْ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ وَدَعَانِي مَعَهُمْ. قَالَ: وَمَا رُئِيتُهُ دَعَانِي يَوْمَئِذٍ إِلاَّ لِيُرِيَهُمْ مِنِّي. فَقَالَ: مَا تَقُولُونَ ﴿ إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللَّهِ وَالْفَتْحُ * وَرَأَيْتَ النَّاسَ يَدْخُلُونَ ﴾ حَتَّى خَتَمَ السُّورَةَ؟ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: أُمِرْنَا أَنْ نَحْمَدَ اللَّهَ وَنَسْتَغْفِرَهُ إِذَا نُصِرْنَا وَفُتِحَ عَلَيْنَا. وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: لاَ نَدْرِي، أَوْ لَمْ يَقُلْ بَعْضُهُمْ شَيْئًا.

فَقَالَ لِي: يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ، أَكَذَاكَ تَقُولُ؟ قُلْتُ: لاَ. قَالَ: فَمَا تَقُولُ؟ قُلْتُ: هُوَ أَجَلُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَعْلَمَهُ اللَّهُ لَهُ ﴿ إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللَّهِ وَالْفَتْحُ ﴾ فَتْحُ مَكَّةَ فَذَاكَ عَلاَمَةُ أَجَلِكَ ﴿ فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَاسْتَغْفِرْهُ إِنَّهُ كَانَ تَوَّابًا ﴾ قَالَ عُمَرُ: مَا أَعْلَمُ مِنْهَا إِلاَّ مَا تَعْلَمُ.

ʿUmar used to make me sit with the elderly men who had fought in the Battle of Badr. Some of them felt it (did not like that) and said to ʿUmar "Why do you bring in this boy to sit with us while we have sons like him?" ʿUmar replied, "Because of what you know of his position (i.e. his religious knowledge.)" One day ʿUmar called me and made me sit in the gathering of those people; and I think that he called me just to show them. (my religious knowledge). ʿUmar then asked them (in my presence). "What do you say about the interpretation of the Statement of Allah: 'When comes Help of Allah (to you O, Muhammad against your enemies) and the conquest (of Mecca).' (110.1) Some of them said, "We are ordered to praise Allah and ask for His forgiveness when Allah's Help and the conquest (of Mecca) comes to us." Some others kept quiet and did not say anything. On that, ʿUmar asked me, "Do you say the same, O Ibn ʿAbbas?" I replied, "No." He said, 'What do you say then?" I replied, "That is the sign of the death of Messenger of Allah ﷺ which Allah informed him of. Allah said:-- '(O Muhammad) When comes the Help of Allah (to you against your enemies) and the conquest (of Mecca) (which is the sign of your death). You should celebrate the praises of your Lord and ask for His Forgiveness, and He is the One Who accepts the repentance and forgives.' (110.3) On that ʿUmar said, "I do not know anything about it other than what you have said."

كَانَ عُمَرُ يُدْخِلُنِي مَعَ أَشْيَاخِ بَدْرٍ فَكَأَنَّ بَعْضَهُمْ وَجَدَ فِي نَفْسِهِ فَقَالَ لِمَ تُدْخِلُ هَذَا مَعَنَا وَلَنَا أَبْنَاءٌ مِثْلُهُ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ إِنَّهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ عَلِمْتُمْ فَدَعَا ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ فَأَدْخَلَهُ مَعَهُمْ فَمَا رُئِيتُ أَنَّهُ دَعَانِي يَوْمَئِذٍ إِلاَّ لِيُرِيَهُمْ قَالَ مَا تَقُولُونَ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى {إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللَّهِ وَالْفَتْحُ} فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ أُمِرْنَا نَحْمَدُ اللَّهَ وَنَسْتَغْفِرُهُ إِذَا نُصِرْنَا وَفُتِحَ عَلَيْنَا وَسَكَتَ بَعْضُهُمْ فَلَمْ يَقُلْ شَيْئًا فَقَالَ لِي أَكَذَاكَ تَقُولُ يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ فَقُلْتُ لاَ قَالَ فَمَا تَقُولُ قُلْتُ هُوَ أَجَلُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَعْلَمَهُ لَهُ قَالَ {إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللَّهِ وَالْفَتْحُ} وَذَلِكَ عَلاَمَةُ أَجَلِكَ {فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَاسْتَغْفِرْهُ إِنَّهُ كَانَ تَوَّابًا} فَقَالَ عُمَرُ مَا أَعْلَمُ مِنْهَا إِلاَّ مَا تَقُولُ

"On the day of the Conquest of Makkah, the Messenger of Allah [SAW] granted amnesty to the people, except four men and two women. He said: 'Kill them, even if you find them clinging to the covers of Ka'bah.' (They were) 'Ikrimah bin Abi Jahl, 'Abdullah bin Khatal, Miqyas bin Subabah and 'Abdullah bin Sa'd bin Abi As-Sarh. 'Abdullah bin Khatl was caught while he was clinging to the covers of Ka'bah. Sa'eed bin Huraith and 'Ammar bin Yasir both rushed toward him, but Sa'eed, who was the younger of the two, got there before 'Ammar, and he killed him. Miqyas bin Subabah was caught by the people in the marketplace, and they killed him. 'Ikrimah traveled by sea, and he was caught in a storm. The crew of the ship said: 'Turn sincerely toward Allah, for your (false) gods cannot help you at all in this situation.' 'Ikrimah said: 'By Allah, if nothing came to save me at sea except sincerity toward Allah then nothing else will save me on land. O Allah, I promise You that if You save me from this predicament I will go to Muhammad [SAW] and put my hand in his, and I am sure that I will find him generous and forgiving.' So he came, and accepted Islam. 'Abdullah (bin Sa'd) bin Abi Sarh hid in the house of 'Uthman bin 'Affan, and when the Messenger of Allah [SAW] called the people to give their Oath of Allegiance, he brought him, and made him stand before the Prophet [SAW]. He ('Uthman) said: 'O Messenger of Allah! Accept the allegiance of 'Abdullah.' He raised his head and looked at him three times, refusing his allegiance each time, then he accepted his allegiance after three times. Then he turned to his Companions and said: 'Was there not any sensible man among you who would get up when he saw me refusing to give him my hand and kill him?' They said: 'We did not know, O Messenger of Allah, what was in your heart. Why did you not gesture to us with your eyes?' He said: 'It is not befitting for a Prophet that his eyes be deceitful.'"

لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ أَمَّنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ النَّاسَ إِلاَّ أَرْبَعَةَ نَفَرٍ وَامْرَأَتَيْنِ وَقَالَ اقْتُلُوهُمْ وَإِنْ وَجَدْتُمُوهُمْ مُتَعَلِّقِينَ بِأَسْتَارِ الْكَعْبَةِ عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ أَبِي جَهْلٍ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ خَطَلٍ وَمِقْيَسُ بْنُ صُبَابَةَ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي السَّرْحِ فَأَمَّا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ خَطَلٍ فَأُدْرِكَ وَهُوَ مُتَعَلِّقٌ بِأَسْتَارِ الْكَعْبَةِ فَاسْتَبَقَ إِلَيْهِ سَعِيدُ بْنُ حُرَيْثٍ وَعَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ فَسَبَقَ سَعِيدٌ عَمَّارًا وَكَانَ أَشَبَّ الرَّجُلَيْنِ فَقَتَلَهُ وَأَمَّا مِقْيَسُ بْنُ صُبَابَةَ فَأَدْرَكَهُ النَّاسُ فِي السُّوقِ فَقَتَلُوهُ وَأَمَّا عِكْرِمَةُ فَرَكِبَ الْبَحْرَ فَأَصَابَتْهُمْ عَاصِفٌ فَقَالَ أَصْحَابُ السَّفِينَةِ أَخْلِصُوا فَإِنَّ آلِهَتَكُمْ لاَ تُغْنِي عَنْكُمْ شَيْئًا هَا هُنَا فَقَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ وَاللَّهِ لَئِنْ لَمْ يُنَجِّنِي مِنَ الْبَحْرِ إِلاَّ الإِخْلاَصُ لاَ يُنَجِّينِي فِي الْبَرِّ غَيْرُهُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ لَكَ عَلَىَّ عَهْدًا إِنْ أَنْتَ عَافَيْتَنِي مِمَّا أَنَا فِيهِ أَنْ آتِيَ مُحَمَّدًا ﷺ حَتَّى أَضَعَ يَدِي فِي يَدِهِ فَلأَجِدَنَّهُ عَفُوًّا كَرِيمًا فَجَاءَ فَأَسْلَمَ وَأَمَّا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي السَّرْحِ فَإِنَّهُ اخْتَبَأَ عِنْدَ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ فَلَمَّا دَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ النَّاسَ إِلَى الْبَيْعَةِ جَاءَ بِهِ حَتَّى أَوْقَفَهُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ بَايِعْ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ قَالَ فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ ثَلاَثًا كُلَّ ذَلِكَ يَأْبَى فَبَايَعَهُ بَعْدَ ثَلاَثٍ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ أَمَا كَانَ فِيكُمْ رَجُلٌ رَشِيدٌ يَقُومُ إِلَى هَذَا حَيْثُ رَآنِي كَفَفْتُ يَدِي عَنْ بَيْعَتِهِ فَيَقْتُلَهُ فَقَالُوا وَمَا يُدْرِينَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا فِي نَفْسِكَ هَلاَّ أَوْمَأْتَ إِلَيْنَا بِعَيْنِكَ قَالَ إِنَّهُ لاَ يَنْبَغِي لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ خَائِنَةُ أَعْيُنٍ

[AI] Umar ibn al-Khattab used to give permission to the people of Badr to go out and give permission to me to go with them. Some of them said, "He allows this young man to go with us. Who among our sons is like him?" Umar said, "Indeed, he is one of those whom you have already known." He granted them permission one day, and he granted me permission with them. He then asked them about this Surah when its verses were revealed: "When the victory of Allah has come and the conquest. And you see the people entering into the religion of Allah in multitudes" (Quran 110:1-2). They said, "Allah ordered His Prophetﷺ that whenever this Surah is revealed upon him, he should seek forgiveness from Allah and repent to Him." Umar said, "What do you say, O Ibn Abbas?" I said, "It is not as you have said. Rather, Allah informed His Prophetﷺ about the coming of his own death, and He said: 'So exalt [Allah] with praise of your Lord and ask forgiveness of Him. Indeed, He is ever Accepting of repentance'" (Quran 110:3). Umar said to them, "How do you blame me for what you see?"

كَانَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ يَأْذَنُ لِأَهْلِ بَدْرٍ وَيَأْذَنُ لِي مَعَهُمْ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ يَأْذَنُ لِهَذَا الْفَتَى مَعَنَا وَمِنْ أَبْنَائِنَا مَنْ هُوَ مِثْلُهُ؟ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ إِنَّهُ مِمَّنْ قَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ قَالَ فَأَذِنَ لَهُمْ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ وَأَذِنَ لِي مَعَهُمْ فَسَأَلَهُمْ عَنْ هَذِهِ السُّورَةِ إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللهِ وَالْفَتْحُ فَقَالُوا أَمَرَ اللهُ نَبِيَّهُ ﷺ إِذَا فُتِحَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يَسْتَغْفِرَهُ وَيَتُوبَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لِي مَا تَقُولُ يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ؟ قَالَ قُلْتُ لَيْسَتْ كَذَلِكَ وَلَكِنَّهُ أَخْبَرَ نَبِيَّهُ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلاةُوَالسَّلامُ بِحُضُورِ أَجَلِهِ فَقَالَ {إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللهِ وَالْفَتْحُ} [النصر 1] فَتْحُ مَكَّةَ {وَرَأَيْتَ النَّاسَ يَدْخُلُونَ فِي دِينِ اللهِ أَفْوَاجًا} [النصر 2] فَذَلِكَ عَلامَةُ مَوْتِكَ {فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَاسْتَغْفِرْهُ إِنَّهُ كَانَ تَوَّابًا} [النصر 3] فَقَالَ لَهُمْ كَيْفَ تَلُومُونِي عَلَى مَا تَرَوْنَ

[AI] Umar used to ask me with the companions of the Prophet ﷺ , so Abdur-Rahman ibn Awf said to him, "Do you ask him, while we have children like him?" So Umar said, "From what I know, he said," So he asked them about when the victory of Allah and the conquest will come. Some of them said, "Allah has commanded us to praise Him and seek His forgiveness." And some of them said, "We do not know." So Umar said to me, "O Ibn Abbas, what do you say?" So I said, "He is the most knowledgeable of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ." And he recited the Surah until its end, "Indeed, He is the Accepting of repentance." [Al-Nasr: 3] So Umar said, "By Allah, I do not know except what you know."

كَانَ عُمَرُ يَسْأَلُنِي مَعَ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ أَتَسْأَلُهُ وَلَنَا بَنُونَ مِثْلُهُ قَالَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ إِنَّهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ عَلِمْتُمْ قَالَ فَسَأَلَهُمْ عَنْ إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللَّهِ وَالْفَتْحُ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَمَرَنَا اللَّهُ أَنْ نَحْمَدَهُ وَنَسْتَغْفِرَهُ وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لَا نَدْرِي فَقَالَ لِي يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ مَا تَقُولُ؟ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ «هُوَ أَجَلُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ» وَقَرَأَ السُّورَةَ إِلَى آخِرِهَا {إِنَّهُ كَانَ تَوَّابًا} [النصر 3] قَالَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ «وَاللَّهِ مَا أَعْلَمُ مِنْهَا إِلَّا مَا تَعْلَمُ»

[AI] Peace be upon you, Abu Khuwailib, who said it three times. I indeed forbade you from doing so three times. You were indeed fasting and observing night prayer, maintaining ties of kinship. He said, "Al-Hajjaj reached the position of Abdullah bin Umar and brought him down, throwing him in the graves of the Jews. He sent a message to Asma bint Abi Bakr to come to him, but she refused as her eyesight had gone. So, he sent her a message saying, 'Either you come to me or I will send someone to drag you by your hair.' She said, 'By Allah, I will not come to you until you send me someone to drag me by my hair.' So, his messenger went to her and informed her of this. She said, 'O boy, take hold of my garment and make me walk until I come to him.' So, he held her garment and she walked, dragging the feet. When she came to him, he asked her, 'How did you see what Allah has done to the enemy of Allah?' She replied, 'I have indeed seen that you have ruined his worldly life and his Hereafter. But as for the one whom you used to insult with regards to her two waistlines, surely I (Asma bint Abu Bakr) had one waistline which I covered with food for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ from the ants, and the other waistline was for the women and we cannot do without it.' I have indeed heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, 'Indeed, there is a liar and a troublemaker in Ta'if.' As for the liar, we have seen him, and as for the troublemaker, it is you.' Then he left. The narrations have been authenticated in Musnad through the hearing of Abdullah bin Zubair from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his coming and going to and from him when he was only eight years old. And I remember by the will of Allah the Most High, in this place, his narrations that indicate this. Indeed, the exit (to Madinah) in his Musnad from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ is ninety-seven hadiths.

السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ أَبَا خُبَيْبٍ قَالَهَا ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ لَقَدْ نَهَيْتُكَ عَنْ ذَا قَالَهَا ثَلَاثًا لَقَدْ كُنْتَ صَوَّامًا قَوَّامًا تَصِلُ الرَّحِمَ قَالَ فَبَلَغَ الْحَجَّاجَ مَوْقِفُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ فَاسْتَنْزَلَهُ فَرَمَى بِهِ فِي قُبُورِ الْيَهُودِ وَبَعَثَ إِلَى أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَنْ تَأْتِيَهُ وَقَدْ ذَهَبَ بَصَرُهَا فَأَبَتْ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهَا لَتَجِيئَنَّ أَوْ لَأَبْعَثَنَّ إِلَيْكِ مَنْ يَسْحَبُكِ بِقُرُونِكِ قَالَتْ وَاللَّهِ لَا آتِيَكَ حَتَّى تَبْعَثَ إِلَيَّ مَنْ يَسْحَبُنِي بِقُرُونِي فَأَتَى رَسُولُهُ فَأَخْبَرَهُ فَقَالَ يَا غُلَامُ نَاوِلْنِي سَبِيبَتِي فَنَاوَلَهُ بَغْلَتَهُ فَقَامَ وَهُوَ يَتَوَقَّدُ حَتَّى أَتَاهَا فَقَالَ لَهَا كَيْفَ رَأَيْتِ اللَّهَ صَنَعَ بِعَدُوِّ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَتْ رَأَيْتُكَ أَفْسَدْتَ عَلَيْهِ دُنْيَاهُ وَأَفْسَدْتَ عَلَيْكَ آخِرَتَكَ وَأَمَّا مَا كُنْتَ تُعَيِّرُهُ بِذَاتِ النِّطَاقَيْنِ أَجَلْ لَقَدْ كَانَ لِي نِطَاقَانِ نِطَاقٌ أُغَطِّي بِهِ طَعَامَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنَ النَّمْلِ وَنِطَاقِي الْآخَرُ لَا بُدَّ لِلنِّسَاءِ مِنْهُ وَقَدْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «إِنَّ فِي ثَقِيفٍ كَذَّابًا وَمُبِيرًا» فَأَمَّا الْكَذَّابُ فَقَدْ رَأَيْنَاهُ وَأَمَّا الْمُبِيرُ فَأَنْتَ ذَاكَ قَالَ فَخَرَجَ «وَقَدْ صَحَّتِ الرِّوَايَاتُ بِسَمَاعِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَدُخُولِهِ عَلَيْهِ وَخُرُوجِهِ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ وَهُوَ ابْنُ ثَمَانِ سِنِينَ وَأَنَا ذَاكِرٌ بِمَشِيئَةِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فِي هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ أَخْبَارَهُ الَّتِي تَدُلُّ عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَإِنَّ الْمُخَرَّجَ فِي مُسْنَدِهِ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَيِّفٌ وَسَبْعُونَ حَدِيثًا»

قَالَ لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ أَمِنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ النَّاسَ إِلَّا أَرْبَعَةَ نَفَرٍ وَامْرَأَتَيْنِ وَقَالَ اقْتُلُوهُمْ وَإِنْ وَجَدْتُمُوهُمْ مُتَعَلِّقِينَ بِأَسْتَارِ الْكَعْبَةِ عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ أَبِي جَهْلٍ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ خَطَلٍ وَمَقِيسُ بْنُ صُبَابَةَ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَرْحٍ فَأَمَّا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ خَطَلٍ فَأَتَى وَهُوَ مُتَعَلِّقٌ بِأَسْتَارِ الْكَعْبَةِ فَاسْتَبَقَ إِلَيْهِ سَعْدٌ وَعَمَّارٌ فَسَبَقَ سَعْدٌ عَمَّارًا فَقَتَلَهُ وَأَمَّا مَقِيسُ بْنُ صُبَابَةَ فَأَدْرَكَهُ النَّاسُ فِي السُّوقِ فَقَتَلُوهُ وَأَمَّا عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ أَبِي جَهْلٍ فَرَكِبَ الْبَحْرَ فَأَصَابَتْهُمْ عَاصِفٌ فَقَالَ أَهْلُ السَّفِينَةِ أَخْلِصُوا فَإِنَّ آلِهَتَكُمْ لَا تُغْنِي عَنْكُمْ شَيْئًا فَقَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ لَئِنْ لَمْ يُنَجِّنِي فِي الْبَحْرِ إِلَّا الْإِخْلَاصُ لَا يُنَجِّنِي فِي الْبِرِّ غَيْرُهُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ لَكَ عَلَيَّ عَهْدًا إِنْ أَنْتَ عَافَيْتَنِي مِمَّا أَنَا فِيهِ لَآتِيَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا حَتَّى أَضَعَ يَدِي فِي يَدِهِ قَالَ فَأَسْلَمَ قَالَ وَأَمَّا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي سَرْحٍ فَإِنَّهُ أَحْنَا عَلَيْهِ عُثْمَانُ فَلَمَّا دَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ النَّاسَ لِلْبَيْعَةِ جَاءَ بِهِ حَتَّى أَوْقَفَهُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ بَايَعَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ كُلَّ ذَلِكَ يَأْبَى فَبَايَعَهُ بَعْدَ ثَلَاثٍ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَ أَمَا كَانَ فِيكُمْ رَجُلٌ رُشَيْدٌ يَنْظُرُ إِذْ رَآنِي قَدْ كَفَفْتُ يَدِي عَنْ بَيْعَتِهِ فَيَقْتُلُهُ ؟ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَوْ أَوْمَأْتَ إِلَيْنَا بِعَيْنَيْكِ قَالَ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَنْبَغِي لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ تَكُونَ لَهُ خَائِنَةُ الْأَعْيُنِ وَهَذَا الْحَدِيثُ لَا نَعْلَمُهُ يُرْوَى بِهَذَا اللَّفْظِ إِلَّا عَنْ سَعْدٍ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ اسْتَخْلَفُوا خَلِيفَةً عَلَيْهِمْ بَعْدَ مُوسَى فَقَامَ يُصَلِّي لَيْلَةً فِي الْقَمَرِ فَوْقَ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ فَذَكَرَ أُمُورًا كَانَ صَنَعَهَا فَخَرَجَ فَتَدَلَّى بِسَبَبٍ فَأَصْبَحَ السَّبَبُ مُتَعَلِّقًا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ وَقَدْ ذَهَبَ قَالَ فَانْطَلِقْ حَتَّى أَتَى قَوْمًا عَلَى شَطِّ الْبَحْرِ فَوَجَدَهُمْ يَضْرِبُونَ لَبَنًا أَوْ يَصْنَعُونَ لَبَنًا فَسَأَلَهُمْ كَيْفَ تَأْخُذُونَ عَلَى هَذَا اللَّبِنِ ؟ قَالَ فَأَخْبَرُوهُ فَلَبِنَ مَعَهُمْ فَكَانَ يَأْكُلُ مِنْ عَمَلِ يَدِهِ فَإِذَا كَانَ حِينُ الصَّلَاةِ قَامَ يُصَلِّي فَرَفَعَ ذَلِكَ الْعُمَّالُ إِلَى دِهْقَانِهِمْ أَنَّ فِينَا رَجُلًا يَفْعَلُ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ فَأَبَى أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ جَاءَهُ يَسِيرُ عَلَى دَابَّتِهِ فَلَمَّا رَآهُ فَرَّ فَاتَّبَعَهُ فَسَبَقَهُ فَقَالَ أَنْظِرْنِي أُكَلِّمْكَ قَالَ فَقَامَ حَتَّى كَلَّمَهُ فَأَخْبَرَهُ خَبَرَهُ فَلَمَّا أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ كَانَ مَلَكًا وَأَنَّهُ فَرَّ مِنْ رَهْبَةِ اللَّهِ قَالَ إِنِّي لَأَظُنَّنِي لَاحِقٌ بِكَ قَالَ فَاتَّبَعَهُ فَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ حَتَّى مَاتَا بِرُمَيْلَةَ مِصْرَ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ لَوْ أَنِّي كُنْتُ ثُمَّ لَاهْتَدَيْتُ إِلَى قَبْرَيْهِمَا مِنْ صِفَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ الَّتِي وَصَفَ لَنَا وَهَذَا الْحَدِيثُ لَا نَعْلَمُ أَحَدًا رَوَاهُ عَنْ سِمَاكٍ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا عَمْرُو بْنُ أَبِي قَيْسٍ وَقَدْ رَوَاهُ الْمَسْعُودِيُّ عَنْ سِمَاكٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرِ الْقَاسِمَ

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَيْلَةَ الْأَحْزَابِ فَلَمْ يَبْقَ مَعَهُ إِلَّا نَفَرٌ فَأَتَانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَنَا نَائِمٌ فَقَالَ انْطَلِقْ إِلَى عَسْكَرِ الْأَحْزَابِ فَانْظُرْ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ مَا قُمْتُ إِلَيْكَ إِلَّا حَيَاءً مِنَ الْبَرْدِ أَوْ قَالَ مِنْ شِدَّةِ الْبَرْدِ فَقَالَ انْطَلِقْ فَانْطَلَقْتُ حَتَّى آتِيَ عَسْكَرَهُمْ فَوَجَدْتُ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ يُوقِدُ النَّارَ يُصْلِي ظَهْرَهُ فِي عَصَبَةٍ حَوْلَهُ وَقَدْ تَفَرَّقَ الْأَحْزَابُ عَنْهُ فَجِئْتُ حَتَّى جَلَسْتُ بَيْنَهُمْ فَحَسَّ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ أَنَّهُ قَدْ دَخَلَ فِيهِمْ مَنْ غَيْرِهِمْ فَقَالَ لِيَأْخُذْ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ مِنْكُمْ بِيَدِ جَلِيسِهِ فَضَرَبْتُ بِيَدِي عَلَى الَّذِي عَلَى يَمِينِي فَأَخَذْتُ بِيَدِهِ ثُمَّ ضَرَبْتُ بِيَدِي عَلَى الَّذِي عَلَى يَسَارِي فَأَخَذْتُ بِيَدِهِ فَلَبِثْتُ هُنَيْهَةً ثُمَّ قُمْتُ فَأَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ يُصَلِّي فَأَوْمَأَ إِلَيَّ أَنِ ادْنُ فَدَنَوْتُ مِنْهُ حَتَّى أَرْسَلَ إِلَيَّ مِنَ الثَّوْبِ الَّذِي كَانَ عَلَيْهِ لِيُدَفِّئَنِي فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ قَالَ يَا ابْنَ الْيَمَانِ اقْعُدْ مَا خَبَرُ النَّاسِ ؟ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ تَفَرَّقَ النَّاسُ عَنْ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فَلَمْ يَبْقَ إِلَّا فِي عَصَبَةٍ تُوقِدُ النَّارَ وَقَدْ صَبَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ الْبَرْدِ مِثْلَ الَّذِي صَبَّ عَلَيْنَا فَأَلْقَى عَلَيَّ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ ثَوْبَهُ فَنِمْتُ فَقَالَ قُمْ يَا نَوْمَانُ وَأَخْبَرَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ شَاهِينَ الْوَاسِطِيُّ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ أَبِي سَعْدٍ يَعْنِي سَعِيدَ بْنَ الْمَرْزُبَانِ عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ التَّيْمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِنَحْوِهِ أَوْ قَرِيبًا مِنْهُ وَهَذَا الْكَلَامُ لَا نَعْلَمُ رَوَاهُ إِلَّا حُذَيْفَةُ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ وَحَدِيثُ أَبِي سَعْدٍ فَلَا نَعْلَمُ رَوَاهُ إِلَّا خَالِدٌ وَأَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ

[AI] The Prophet ﷺ mentioned that the Children of Israel appointed a caliph over them, and he began to pray to the moon above the House of the Holy Temple and mentioned things he had done. Then, a rope was lowered for him, and he held onto it, and it became attached to the mosque. He went until he reached a people on the shore of the sea, and he found them making cheese. He asked them how they obtained this cheese, and they informed him. So, he took the cheese with him and ate from the work of his own hands. When the time for prayer came, he purified himself and prayed. Then, the worker mentioned that among them was a man who used to do certain things and sent for him, but he refused to come. However, he eventually came riding on his mount, and when the worker saw him, he ran away. The man followed him, and when he caught up to him, he asked him to wait for him so he could speak a word to him. The man stood and spoke to him and informed him that he was a king who had fled out of fear of his sins. He said, "I am following you in this matter, so let us both worship Allah." They both prayed to Allah to cause both of them to die. They both died, and Abdullah said, "If I were in Rumailah in Egypt, I would have shown you their graves as described by the Prophet ﷺ."

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِنَّ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ اسْتَخْلَفُوا عَلَيْهِمْ خَلِيفَةً فَقَامَ يُصَلِّي فِي الْقَمَرِ فَوْقَ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ فَذَكَرَ أُمُورًا صَنَعَهَا فَتَدَلَّى بِسَبَبٍ فَأَصْبَحَ السَّبَبُ مُتَعَلِّقًا بِالْمَسْجِدِ وَقَدْ ذَهَبَ فَانْطَلَقَ حَتَّى أَتَى قَوْمًا عَلَى شَطِّ الْبَحْرِ فَوَجَدَهُمْ يَصْنَعُونَ لَبَنًا فَسَأَلَهُمْ كَيْفَ تَأْخُذُونَ عَلَى هَذَا اللَّبَنِ؟ فَأَخْبَرُوهُ فَلَبَنَ مَعَهُمْ فَكَانَ يَأْكُلُ مِنْ عَمَلِ يَدِهِ حَتَّى إِذَا حَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ تَطَهَّرَ فَصَلَّى فَرَفَعَ ذَلِكَ الْعَامِلُ إِلَى دِهْقَانِهِمْ فَقَالَ فِينَا رَجُلٌ يَصْنَعُ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ فَأَبَى أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ جَاءَ يَسِيرُ عَلَى دَابَّتِهِ فَلَمَّا رَآهُ فَرَّ فَتَبِعَهُ فَسَبَقَهُ فَقَالَ أَنْظِرْنِي أُكَلِّمْكَ كَلِمَةً فَقَامَ حَتَّى كَلَّمَهُ فَأَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ كَانَ مَلِكًا وَأَنَّهُ فَرَّ مِنْ رَهْبَةِ ذَنْبِهِ فَقَالَ إِنِّي لَاحِقٌ بِذَلِكَ مَعَكَ فَعَبَدَا اللهَ فَسَأَلَا اللهَ أَنْ يُمِيتَهُمَا جَمِيعًا فَمَاتَا قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ «فَلَوَ كُنْتُ بِرُمَيْلَةِ مِصْرَ لَأَرَيْتُكُمْ قُبُورَهُمْ يَصِفُهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ»

ʿUmar used to admit me (into his house) along with the old men who had fought in the Badr battle. Some of them said (to ʿUmar), "Why do you allow this young man to enter with us, while we have sons of his own age? " ʿUmar said, "You know what person he is." One day ʿUmar called them and called me along with them, I had thought he called me on that day to show them something about me (i.e. my knowledge). ʿUmar asked them, "What do you say about (the Sura): "When comes the help of Allah and the Conquest (of Mecca) And you see mankind entering the Religion of Allah (i.e. Islam) in crowds. 'So celebrate the Praises Of your Lord and ask for His forgiveness, Truly, He is the One Who accepts repentance and forgives." (110.1-3) Some of them replied, "We are ordered to praise Allah and repent to Him if we are helped and granted victory." Some said, "We do not know." Others kept quiet. ʿUmar then said to me, "Do you say similarly?" I said, "No." ʿUmar said "What do you say then?" I said, "This Verse indicates the approaching of the death of Messenger of Allah ﷺ of which Allah informed him. When comes the help of Allah and the Conquest, i.e. the Conquest of Mecca, that will be the sign of your Prophet's) approaching death, so testify the uniqueness of your Lord (i.e. Allah) and praise Him and repent to Him as He is ready to forgive." On that, ʿUmar said, "I do not know about it anything other than what you know." (Using translation from Bukhārī 4294)

كَانَ عُمَرُ يُدْخِلُنِي مَعَ أَشْيَاخِ بَدْرٍ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِمَ تُدْخِلُ هَذَا الْفَتَى مَعَنَا وَلَنَا أَبْنَاءُ مِثْلُهُ؟ فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ مِمَّنْ قَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ قَالَ فَدَعَاهُمْ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ وَدَعَانِي وَمَا رَأَيْتُهُ دَعَانِي يَوْمَئِذٍ إِلَّا لِيُرِيَهُمْ مِنِّي فَقَالَ مَا تَقُولُونَ {إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللهِ وَالْفَتْحُ وَرَأَيْتَ النَّاسَ يَدْخُلُونَ فِي دِينِ اللهِ أَفْوَاجًا} حَتَّى خَتَمَ السُّورَةَ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَمَرَنَا أَنْ نَحْمَدَ اللهَ وَنَسْتَغْفِرَهُ إِذَا نُصِرْنَا وَفُتِحَ عَلَيْنَا وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لَا نَدْرِي وَلَمْ يَقُلْ بَعْضُهُمْ شَيْئًا فَقَالَ لِي يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ كَذَلِكَ تَقُولُ؟ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَمَا تَقُولُ؟ قُلْتُ هُوَ أَجَلُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَّمَهُ اللهُ إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللهِ وَالْفَتْحُ فَتْحُ مَكَّةَ فَذَاكَ عَلَامَةُ أَجَلِكَ فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَاسْتَغْفِرْهُ إِنَّهُ كَانَ تَوَّابًا فَقَالَ عُمَرُ مَا أَعْلَمُ مِنْهَا إِلَّا مَا تَعْلَمُ

"On the day of the Conquest of Makkah, the Messenger of Allah [SAW] granted amnesty to the people, except four men and two women. He said: 'Kill them, even if you find them clinging to the covers of Ka'bah.' (They were) 'Ikrimah bin Abi Jahl, 'Abdullah bin Khatal, Miqyas bin Subabah and 'Abdullah bin Sa'd bin Abi As-Sarh. 'Abdullah bin Khatl was caught while he was clinging to the covers of Ka'bah. Sa'eed bin Huraith and 'Ammar bin Yasir both rushed toward him, but Sa'eed, who was the younger of the two, got there before 'Ammar, and he killed him. Miqyas bin Subabah was caught by the people in the marketplace, and they killed him. 'Ikrimah traveled by sea, and he was caught in a storm. The crew of the ship said: 'Turn sincerely toward Allah, for your (false) gods cannot help you at all in this situation.' 'Ikrimah said: 'By Allah, if nothing came to save me at sea except sincerity toward Allah then nothing else will save me on land. O Allah, I promise You that if You save me from this predicament I will go to Muhammad [SAW] and put my hand in his, and I am sure that I will find him generous and forgiving.' So he came, and accepted Islam. 'Abdullah (bin Sa'd) bin Abi Sarh hid in the house of 'Uthman bin 'Affan, and when the Messenger of Allah [SAW] called the people to give their Oath of Allegiance, he brought him, and made him stand before the Prophet [SAW]. He ('Uthman) said: 'O Messenger of Allah! Accept the allegiance of 'Abdullah.' He raised his head and looked at him three times, refusing his allegiance each time, then he accepted his allegiance after three times. Then he turned to his Companions and said: 'Was there not any sensible man among you who would get up when he saw me refusing to give him my hand and kill him?' They said: 'We did not know, O Messenger of Allah, what was in your heart. Why did you not gesture to us with your eyes?' He said: 'It is not befitting for a Prophet that his eyes be deceitful.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4067)

لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ أَمَّنَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ النَّاسَ إِلَّا أَرْبَعَةَ نَفَرٍ وَامْرَأَتَيْنِ وَقَالَ «اقْتُلُوهُمْ وَإِنْ وَجَدْتُمُوهُمْ مُتَعَلِّقِينَ بِأَسْتَارِ الْكَعْبَةِ» عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ أَبِي جَهْلٍ وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ خَطَلٍ وَمَقِيسُ بْنُ صُبَابَةَ وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَرْحٍ فَأَمَّا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ خَطَلٍ فَأُدْرِكَ وَهُوَ مُتَعَلِّقٌ بِأَسْتَارِ الْكَعْبَةِ فَاسْتَبَقَ إِلَيْهِ سَعِيدُ بْنُ حُرَيْثٍ وَعَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ فَسَبَقَ سَعِيدٌ عَمَّارًا وَكَانَ أَشَبَّ الرِّجْلَيْنِ فَقَتَلَهُ وَأَمَّا مَقِيسُ بْنُ صُبَابَةَ فَأَدْرَكَهُ النَّاسُ فِي السُّوقِ فَقَتَلُوهُ وَأَمَّا عِكْرِمَةُ فَرَكِبَ الْبَحْرَ فَأَصَابَتْهُمْ عَاصِفٌ فَقَالَ أَصْحَابُ السَّفِينَةِ أَخْلِصُوا فَإِنَّ آلِهَتَكُمْ لَا تُغْنِي عَنْكُمْ شَيْئًا هَاهُنَا فَقَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ وَاللهِ لَئِنْ لَمْ يُنَجِّنِي فِي الْبَحْرِ إِلَّا الْإِخْلَاصُ مَا يُنَجِّينِي فِي الْبَرِّ غَيْرُهُ اللهُمَّ إِنَّ لَكَ عَلَيَّ عَهْدًا إِنْ أَنْتَ عَافَيْتَنِي مِمَّا أَنَا فِيهِ أَنْ آتِيَ مُحَمَّدًا ﷺ حَتَّى أَضَعَ يَدِي فِي يَدِهِ فَلَأَجِدَنَّهُ عَفُوًّا كَرِيمًا فَجَاءَ فَأَسْلَمَ وَأَمَّا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَرْحٍ فَإِنَّهُ اخْتَبَأَ عِنْدَ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ فَلَمَّا دَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ النَّاسَ إِلَى الْبَيْعَةِ جَاءَ بِهِ حَتَّى أَوْقَفَهُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ بَايِعْ عَبْدَ اللهِ فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ ثَلَاثًا كُلَّ ذَلِكَ يَأْبَى فَبَايَعَهُ بَعْدَ ثَلَاثٍ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ «مَا كَانَ فِيكُمْ رَجُلٌ رَشِيدٌ يَقُومُ إِلَى هَذَا حَيْثُ رَآنِي كَفَفْتُ يَدِي عَنْ بَيْعَتِهِ فَيَقْتُلُهُ؟» قَالُوا مَا يُدْرِينَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا فِي نَفْسِكَ هَلَّا أَوْمَأْتَ إِلَيْنَا بِعَيْنِكَ؟ قَالَ «إِنَّهُ لَا يَنْبَغِي لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ تَكُونَ لَهُ خَائِنَةُ الْأَعْيُنِ»

[AI] About this verse, "When the victory of Allah and the conquest comes, and you see the people entering into the religion of Allah in multitudes" [Surah An-Nasr: 2], in what context was it revealed?

Some of them said, "Allah commanded His Prophet, ﷺ , that when he sees the people and their embracing of Islam and their firmness in the religion, he should praise and seek forgiveness from Allah." Umar said, "Are you not amazed by Ibn Abbas? O Ibn Abbas, why are you silent?" He said, "He taught me when it will occur." He said, "When the victory of Allah and the conquest comes, and you see the people entering into the religion of Allah in multitudes" [Surah An-Nasr: 1], then it is your sign of death." He said, "You spoke the truth, and by the One in whose hand is my soul, I have not learned from it except what you have mentioned."

عَنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ {إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللهِ وَالْفَتْحُ وَرَأَيْتَ النَّاسَ} [النصر 2] فِيمَ نَزَلَتْ؟ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ «أَمَرَ اللهُ نَبِيَّهُ ﷺ إِذَا رَأَى النَّاسَ وَدُخُولَهُمْ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ وَتَشَدُّدَهُمْ فِي الدِّينِ أَنْ يَحْمَدَ اللهَ وَيَسْتَغْفِرَهُ» قَالَ عُمَرُ أَلَا اعْجِبُكُمْ مِنَ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ؟ يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ مَا لَكَ لَا تَكَلَّمُ؟ قَالَ عَلَّمَهُ مَتَى يَمُوتُ قَالَ {إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللهِ وَالْفَتْحُ وَرَأَيْتَ النَّاسَ يَدْخُلُونَ فِي دِينِ اللهِ أَفْوَاجًا} [النصر 1] فَهِيَ آيَتُكَ مِنَ الْمَوْتِ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ مَا عَلِمْتُ مِنْهَا إِلَّا الَّذِي عَلِمْتَ

[AI] About this verse, "When the victory of Allah and the conquest comes" [Surah Al-Nasr 1], what was its occasion? Some of them said that Allah commanded His Prophet when he saw people entering Islam and embracing the religion with ease, to praise and seek forgiveness from Allah. Umar said, "Do you not admire the knowledge of Ibn Abbas? O Ibn Abbas, come here, why don't you speak?" He asked him about when he would die. He said, "When the victory of Allah and the conquest comes, and you see people entering the religion of Allah in crowds" [Surah Al-Nasr 2], then it is your sign of death. He said, "You spoke the truth, by the One in whose hand is my soul, I only knew from it what you have mentioned."

عَنْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ {إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللهِ وَالْفَتْحُ} [النصر 1] فِيمَ نَزَلَتْ؟ قَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَمَرَ اللهُ نَبِيَّهُ إِذَا رَأَى النَّاسَ وَدُخُولَهُمْ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ وَتَسَرُّدَهُمْ فِي الدِّينِ أَنْ يَحْمَدُوا اللهَ وَيَسْتَغْفِرُوهُ قَالَ عُمَرُ أَلَا أُعْجِبُكُمْ مِنَ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ؟ يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ هَلُمَّ مَا لَكَ لَا تَتَكَلَّمُ؟ قَالَ سَأَلَهُ مَتَى يَمُوتُ قَالَ {إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللهِ وَالْفَتْحُ وَرَأَيْتَ النَّاسَ يَدْخُلُونَ فِي دِينِ اللهِ أَفْوَاجًا} [النصر 2] فَهِيَ آيَتُكَ مِنَ الْمَوْتِ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ مَا عَلِمْتُ مِنْهَا إِلَّا الَّذِي عَلِمْتَ

[AI] Omar, may Allah be pleased with him, had given us things that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent us for, but we disliked them. However, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ insisted and accepted them. So, O man, seek assistance with them in your religion and worldly affairs. Abu Obaidah, may Allah be pleased with him, narrated to us that Abu Abdullah, the Hafiz, informed us that I am Abu Ishaq Ibrahim ibn Farras, the jurist of Mecca. Bakr ibn Sahl al-Dimyati informed us. Shuayb ibn Yahya al-Tujaybi informed us. Al-Laith ibn Saad reported from Hisham ibn Saad, who mentioned it with a similar chain of narration and mentioned what was left from the previous narration. So Umar, ﷺ , wrote, "Here I am, here I am. A caravan has come to you, the first part of which is with you and the last part is with me. Although I hope to find a way to carry it by sea. When the first part of the caravan arrived, he called Zubayr and said, "Go forth with the first part of this caravan towards Najd. Carry to me every household that you can carry to me. And for those you cannot carry, give each household a camel for what they have with them. Tell them to wear two garments and slaughter the camel. Beautify its fat, prepare its meat, tan its skin, and then take a handful of dates and a handful of flour and cook it and eat it until Allah provides for them sustenance." Zubayr refused to go out, so he said, "By Allah, you will not find the like of it until you leave this world." Then he called another person whom he thought was Talhah, but he too refused. Then he called Abu Ubaydah ibn al-Jarrah, and he went out to do that. He mentioned the remaining part of the narration similarly.

عُمَرُ ؓ قَدْ أَعْطَانَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي أَشْيَاءَ بَعَثَنَا لَهَا فَكَرِهْنَا ذَلِكَ فَأَبَى عَلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَاقْبَلْهَا أَيُّهَا الرَّجُلُ فَاسْتَعِنْ بِهَا عَلَى دِينِكَ وَدُنْيَاكَ فَقَبِلَهَا أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ 13017 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ فِرَاسٍ الْفَقِيهُ بِمَكَّةَ ثنا بَكْرُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ الدِّمْيَاطِيُّ ثنا شُعَيْبُ بْنُ يَحْيَى التُّجَيْبِيُّ ثنا اللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ فَذَكَرَهُ بِإِسْنَادِهِ مِثْلَهُ وَذَكَرَ مَا تُرِكَ مِنَ الْأَوَّلِ فَقَالَ فَكَتَبَ عَمْرٌو السَّلَامُ أَمَّا بَعْدُ لَبَّيْكَ لَبَّيْكَ أَتَتْكَ عِيرٌ أَوَّلُهَا عِنْدَكَ وَآخِرُهَا عِنْدِي مَعَ أَنِّي أَرْجُو أَنْ أَجِدَ سَبِيلًا أَنْ أَحْمِلَ فِي الْبَحْرِ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ أَوَّلُ عِيرٍ دَعَا الزُّبَيْرَ ؓ فَقَالَ اخْرُجْ فِي أَوَّلِ هَذِهِ الْعِيرِ فَاسْتَقْبِلْ بِهَا نَجْدًا فَاحْمِلْ إِلِيَّ كُلَّ أَهْلِ بَيْتِ قَدَرْتَ أَنْ تَحْمِلَهُمْ إِلِيَّ وَمَنْ لَمْ تَسْتَطِعْ حَمْلَهُ فَمُرْ لِكُلِّ أَهْلِ بَيْتٍ بِبَعِيرٍ بِمَا عَلَيْهِ وَمُرْهُمْ فَلْيَلْبَسُوا كِسَاءَيْنِ وَلْيَنْحَرُوا الْبَعِيرَ فَيُجَمِّلُوا شَحْمَهُ وَلْيُقَدِّدُوا لَحْمَهُ وَلْيَحْتَذُوا جِلْدَهُ ثُمَّ لِيَأْخُذُوا كُبَّةً مِنْ قَدِيدٍ وَكُبَّةً مِنْ شَحْمٍ وَجَفْنَةً مِنْ دَقِيقٍ فَيَطْبُخُوا وَيَأْكُلُوا حَتَّى يَأْتِيَهُمُ اللهُ بِرِزْقٍ فَأَبَى الزُّبَيْرُ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ فَقَالَ أَمَا وَاللهِ لَا تَجِدُ مِثْلَهَا حَتَّى تَخْرُجَ مِنَ الدُّنْيَا ثُمَّ دَعَا آخَرَ أَظُنُّهُ طَلْحَةَ فَأَبَى ثُمَّ دَعَا أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ بْنَ الْجَرَّاحِ فَخَرَجَ فِي ذَلِكَ وَذَكَرَ بَاقِيَ الْحَدِيثِ بِنَحْوِهِ

"On the day of the Conquest of Makkah, the Messenger of Allah [SAW] granted amnesty to the people, except four men and two women. He said: 'Kill them, even if you find them clinging to the covers of Ka'bah.' (They were) 'Ikrimah bin Abi Jahl, 'Abdullah bin Khatal, Miqyas bin Subabah and 'Abdullah bin Sa'd bin Abi As-Sarh. 'Abdullah bin Khatl was caught while he was clinging to the covers of Ka'bah. Sa'eed bin Huraith and 'Ammar bin Yasir both rushed toward him, but Sa'eed, who was the younger of the two, got there before 'Ammar, and he killed him. Miqyas bin Subabah was caught by the people in the marketplace, and they killed him. 'Ikrimah traveled by sea, and he was caught in a storm. The crew of the ship said: 'Turn sincerely toward Allah, for your (false) gods cannot help you at all in this situation.' 'Ikrimah said: 'By Allah, if nothing came to save me at sea except sincerity toward Allah then nothing else will save me on land. O Allah, I promise You that if You save me from this predicament I will go to Muhammad [SAW] and put my hand in his, and I am sure that I will find him generous and forgiving.' So he came, and accepted Islam. 'Abdullah (bin Sa'd) bin Abi Sarh hid in the house of 'Uthman bin 'Affan, and when the Messenger of Allah [SAW] called the people to give their Oath of Allegiance, he brought him, and made him stand before the Prophet [SAW]. He ('Uthman) said: 'O Messenger of Allah! Accept the allegiance of 'Abdullah.' He raised his head and looked at him three times, refusing his allegiance each time, then he accepted his allegiance after three times. Then he turned to his Companions and said: 'Was there not any sensible man among you who would get up when he saw me refusing to give him my hand and kill him?' They said: 'We did not know, O Messenger of Allah, what was in your heart. Why did you not gesture to us with your eyes?' He said: 'It is not befitting for a Prophet that his eyes be deceitful.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4067)

لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ آمَنَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ النَّاسَ إِلَّا أَرْبَعَةَ نَفَرٍ وَامْرَأَتَيْنِ وَقَالَ اقْتُلُوهُمْ وَإِنْ وَجَدْتُمُوهُمْ مُتَعَلِّقِينَ بِأَسْتَارِ الْكَعْبَةِ عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ أَبِي جَهْلٍ وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ خَطَلٍ وَمَقِيسُ بْنُ صُبَابَةَ وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَرْحٍ فَأَمَّا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ خَطَلٍ فَأُدْرِكَ وَهُوَ مُتَعَلِّقٌ بِأَسْتَارِ الْكَعْبَةِ فَاسْتَبَقَ إِلَيْهِ سَعِيدُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ وَعَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ فَسَبَقَ سَعِيدٌ عَمَّارًا وَكَانَ أَشَبَّ الرَّجُلَيْنِ فَقَتَلَهُ وَأَمَّا مَقِيسُ بْنُ صُبَابَةَ فَأَدْرَكَهُ النَّاسُ فِي السُّوقِ فَقَتَلُوهُ وَأَمَّا عِكْرِمَةُ فَرَكِبَ الْبَحْرَ فَأَصَابَتْهُمْ عَاصِفٌ فَقَالَ أَصْحَابُ السَّفِينَةِ لِأَهْلِ السَّفِينَةِ أَخْلِصُوا فَإِنَّ آلِهَتَكُمْ لَا تُغْنِي عَنْكُمْ شَيْئًا هَاهُنَا قَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ وَاللهِ لَئِنْ لَمْ يُنَجِّنِي فِي الْبَحْرِ إِلَّا الْإِخْلَاصُ لَا يُنَجِّينِي فِي الْبَرِّ غَيْرُهُ اللهُمَّ إِنَّ لَكَ عَلَيَّ عَهْدًا إِنْ أَنْتَ عَافَيْتَنِي مِمَّا أَنَا فِيهِ أَنْ آتِيَ مُحَمَّدًا حَتَّى أَضَعَ يَدِي فِي يَدِهِ فَلَأَجِدَنَّهُ عَفُوًّا كَرِيمًا قَالَ فَجَاءَ فَأَسْلَمَ وَأَمَّا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي سَرْحٍ فَإِنَّهُ اخْتَفَى عِنْدَ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ ؓ فَلَمَّا دَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ النَّاسَ إِلَى الْبَيْعَةِ جَاءَ بِهِ حَتَّى أَوْقَفَهُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ بَايِعْ عَبْدَ اللهِ قَالَ فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ ثَلَاثًا كُلُّ ذَلِكَ يَأْبَى فَبَايَعَهُ بَعْدَ ثَلَاثٍ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ أَمَا كَانَ فِيكُمْ رَجُلٌ رَشِيدٌ يَقُومُ إِلَى هَذَا حِينَ رَآنِي كَفَفْتُ يَدِي عَنْ بَيْعَتِهِ فَيَقْتُلَهُ؟ فَقَالُوا مَا يُدْرِينَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا فِي نَفْسِكَ هَلَّا أَوْمَأْتَ إِلَيْنَا بِعَيْنِكَ؟ قَالَ إِنَّهُ لَا يَنْبَغِي لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ خَائِنَةُ الْأَعْيُنِ

[AI] "Mawla ibn Umar says, 'The people have gained victory in Sham, as Bilal, who I believe resembles Muadh bin Jabal, is among them.' So they wrote to Umar ibn al-Khattab, 'Indeed, this booty that we have gained is one-fifth for you and what remains belongs to us. None of it is to be given to anyone else, just as the Prophet ﷺ did with Khaybar.' Umar wrote back, 'It is not as you have said, but I will uphold it for the Muslims. Review the book and consult them, and if they agree, I am willing. But when they refused, Umar stood up and prayed against them, saying, 'O Allah, spare me Bilal and the companions of Bilal.' The outcome was such that all of them died.' The sheikh, may Allah have mercy on him, said, 'His statement is not intended to deny what they argued about the division of Khaybar. We have heard it narrated from Umar through the Prophet ﷺ, and it is similar that he did not intend with it what you have said. The benefit is not in what you have said, but the benefit is that I upheld it for the Muslims.' He chose to refuse their share because of what he hoped for in their allegiance, and they refused what was rightfully theirs. However, when they refused, the ruling to take it from their hands and confiscate it was not imposed on them. But he prayed against them because they opposed him in what he saw as beneficial. If they had agreed, the people and their followers would have agreed, and the hadith is mutawatir. Allah knows best, and we have heard it narrated in the Book of Division in the conquest of Egypt that Umar saw it and Zubayr ibn al-Awwam saw it, just as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ divided Khaybar."

مَوْلَى ابْنِ عُمَرَ يَقُولُ أَصَابَ النَّاسَ فَتْحٌ بِالشَّامِ فِيهِمْ بِلَالٌ وَأَظُنُّهُ ذَكَرَ مُعَاذَ بْنَ جَبَلٍ ؓ فَكَتَبُوا إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ إِنَّ هَذَا الْفَيْءَ الَّذِي أَصَبْنَا لَكَ خُمُسُهُ وَلَنَا مَا بَقِيَ لَيْسَ لِأَحَدٍ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ كَمَا صَنَعَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِخَيْبَرَ فَكَتَبَ عُمَرُ ؓ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ عَلَى مَا قُلْتُمْ وَلَكِنِّي أَقِفُهَا لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ فَرَاجَعُوهُ الْكِتَابَ وَرَاجَعَهُمْ يَأْبَوْنَ وَيَأْبَى فَلَمَّا أَبَوْا قَامَ عُمَرُ ؓ فَدَعَا عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ اللهُمَّ اكْفِنِي بِلَالًا وَأَصْحَابَ بِلَالٍ قَالَ فَمَا حَالَ الْحَوْلُ عَلَيْهِمْ حَتَّى مَاتُوا جَمِيعًا قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ قَوْلُهُ ؓ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ عَلَى مَا قُلْتُمْ لَيْسَ يُرِيدُ بِهِ إِنْكَارَ مَا احْتَجُّوا بِهِ مِنْ قِسْمَةِ خَيْبَرَ فَقَدْ رُوِّينَاهُ عَنْ عُمَرَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَيُشْبِهُ أَنْ يُرِيدَ بِهِ لَيْسَتِ الْمَصْلَحَةُ فِيمَا قُلْتُمْ وَإِنَّمَا الْمَصْلَحَةُ فِي أَنْ أَقِفَهَا لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ وَجَعَلَ يَأْبَى قِسْمَتَهَا لِمَا كَانَ يَرْجُو مِنْ تَطْيِيبِهِمْ ذَلِكَ وَجَعَلُوا يَأْبَوْنَ لِمَا كَانَ لَهُمْ مِنَ الْحَقِّ فَلَمَّا أَبَوْا لَمْ يُبْرِمْ عَلَيْهِمُ الْحُكْمَ بِإِخْرَاجِهَا مِنْ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَوَقْفِهَا وَلَكِنْ دَعَا عَلَيْهِمْ حَيْثُ خَالَفُوهُ فِيمَا رَأَى مِنَ الْمَصْلَحَةِ وَهُمْ لَوْ وَافَقُوهُ وَافَقَهُ أَفْنَاءُ النَّاسِ وَأَتْبَاعُهُمْ وَالْحَدِيثُ مُرْسَلٌ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ وَقَدْ رُوِّينَا فِي كِتَابِ الْقَسْمِ فِي فَتْحِ مِصْرَ أَنَّهُ رَأَى ذَلِكَ وَرَأَى الزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ ؓ قِسْمَتَهَا كَمَا قَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ خَيْبَرَ

"إِنَّ بَنِى إِسْرائِيلَ اسْتَخْلَفُوا علَيْهِمْ خَلِيفَةً، فَقَامَ يُصلِّى في القَمَر فَوْقَ بَيْتِ المَقْدِسِ، فَذَكرَ أُمُورًا صَنَعهَا، فَتَدَلَّى بسَبَبٍ فَأَصْبَحَ السَّببُ مُتَعَلِّقًا بالمَسْجِدِ، وَقَدْ ذَهَبَ، فَانْطَلَقَ حتَّى أتى قَوْمًا عَلَى شَطِّ البَحر فَوَجَدَهُمْ يَصْنعُونَ لَبِنًا فَسَألَهمْ: كَيْفَ

يَأْخُذُونَ عَلَى هَذَا الَّلبِنِ؟ فَأخْبرُوه، فَلَبث مَعهُمْ، فَكَانَ يأكُلُ مِنْ عَمَلِ يَدِه، حَتَّى إِذَا حَضَرَت الصَّلَاةُ تطَهَّرَ فَصَلَّى، فَرُفَعَ ذَلِكَ العَامِلُ إِلى دِهْقَانِهمْ ، فَقَالَ: فِينَا رَجُلٌ يَصْنَعُ كَذَا وَكَذَا؛ فَأَرْسَلَ إِليْه فأبى أن يَأْتيه، ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ جاءَ يَسِيرُ على دَابَّتهِ، فَلَمَّا رآهُ فَرَّ، فَتَبعَهُ فَسَبقَهُ، فَقَال: انْظُرْنى أُكَلمْكَ كَلِمَةً، فَقَام حتَّى كلَّمهُ، فَأَخبَرَهُ: أنَّهُ كَانَ مَلِكًا، وأنَّهُ فَرَّ مِنْ رَهْبَةِ ذنْبِهِ، فَقَال: إِنِّى لا حِقٌ بذلك معك، فَعَبَدا اللَّه جميعًا، فسألا اللَّه ﷻَّ أنْ يُمِيتُهُمَا جميعًا، فماتا جَميعًا ".

كَانَ عُمَرُ يُدْخِلُنِى مَعَ أَشْياخِ بَدْرٍ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ، لِمَ يَدْخُلُ هَذَا الفَتَى مَعَنَا وَلَنَا أَبْنَاءٌ مِثْلُهُ؟ فَقَالَ: إِنَّهُ مِمَّنْ قَدْ عَلِمْتُمْ، فَدَعَاهُمْ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ وَدَعَانِى مَعَهُمْ، وَمَا رَأَيْتُهُ دَعَانِى يَوْمَئِذٍ إِلَّا لِيُريَهُمْ مِنِّى، فَقَالَ: مَا تَقولُونَ فِى قَوْلِهِ: {إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْر الله وَالْفَتْحُ} إِلَى آخر السورة؟ فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: أَمَرَنَا الله أَن نَحْمَدهُ وَنَسْتَغْفِرَهُ إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ الله وَفَتَحَ عَلَيْنَا، قَالَ: فَمَا تَقُولُ؟ قُلتُ: أَجَلُ رَسُولِ الله ﷺ أعْلَمَهُ الله: {إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللَّهِ وَالْفَتْحُ (1) وَرَأَيْتَ النَّاسَ} وَالفَتْحُ فتح مَكَّةَ، فَذَاكَ عَلَامَةُ أَجَلِكَ، فَسبِّحْ بَحِمْدِ ربِّكَ وَاسْتَغْفِرْهُ إِنَّهُ كَانَ تَوَّابًا، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: مَا أعْلَمُ مِنْهَا إِلَّا مَا تَعْلَمُ