[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ left the city fasting in the month of Ramadan, and when he reached Qudaid, he broke his fast and continued to not fast until he entered Mecca.  

خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ صَائِمًا فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَلَمَّا أَتَى قُدَيْدًا أَفْطَرَ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ مُفْطِرًا حَتَّى دَخَلَ مَكَّةَ  

Ibn 'Abbas gave a Khutbah in Al-Basrah and said: "Pay the zakah of your fasting." The people started looking at one another. He said: "Whoever there is here from the people of Al-Madinah, get up and teach your brothers, for they do not know that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ enjoined sadaqat al-fitr on the young and the old, the free and the slave, the male and the female; half a sa' of wheat or a sa' of dried dates or barley.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 1580)   

يَا أَهْلَ الْبَصْرَةِ أَدُّوا زَكَاةَ صَوْمِكُمْ قَالَ فَجَعَلَ النَّاسُ يَنْظُرُ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ فَقَالَ مَنْ هَاهُنَا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ؟ قُومُوا فَعَلِّمُوا إِخْوَانَكُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَرَضَ صَدَقَةَ رَمَضَانَ نِصْفَ صَاعٍ مِنْ بُرٍّ أَوْ صَاعًا مِنْ شَعِيرٍ أَوْ صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ عَلَى الْعَبْدِ وَالْحُرِّ وَالذَّكَرِ وَالْأُنْثَى  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allahﷺ went out in Ramadan while he was fighting in Makkah. The Messenger of Allahﷺ fasted until he reached Qudaid, then he called for a cup of milk and drank it. He said, "Then his companions broke their fast until they reached Makkah."  

خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي رَمَضَانَ وَهُوَ يَغْزُو مَكَّةَ فَصَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى أَتَى قُدَيْدًا ثُمَّ دَعَا بِقَدَحٍ مِنْ لَبَنٍ فَشَرِبَهُ قَالَ ثُمَّ أَفْطَرَ أَصْحَابُهُ حَتَّى أَتَوْا مَكَّةَ  

‘Do not anticipate Ramadan by fasting one or two days before, except for a man who has a habitual pattern of fasting, in which case let him fast.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1650)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا تَقَدَّمُوا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَمَضَانَ بِصَوْمِ يَوْمٍ وَلَا يَوْمَيْنِ إِلَّا رَجُلٌ كَانَ صِيَامَهُ فَلْيَصُمْهُ  

‘Do not anticipate Ramadan by fasting one or two days before, except for a man who has a habitual pattern of fasting, in which case let him fast.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1650)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا تَقَدَّمُوا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَمَضَانَ بِصَوْمِ يَوْمٍ وَلَا يَوْمَيْنِ إِلَّا رَجُلٌ كَانَ صِيَامَهُ فَلْيَصُمْ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Do not start fasting before Ramadan for a day or two except for a man who used to fast regularly and wants to continue fasting."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَا تَقَدَّمُوا قَبْلَ رَمَضَانَبِصَوْمِ يَوْمٍ أَوِ اثْنَيْنِ إِلَّا رَجُلٌ كَانَ يَصُومُ صِيَامًا فَيَصِلُهُ بِهِ  

‘Do not anticipate Ramadan by fasting one or two days before, except for a man who has a habitual pattern of fasting, in which case let him fast.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1650)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَا تَقَدَّمُوا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَمَضَانَ بِيَوْمٍ أَوْ يَوْمَيْنِ إِلَّا رَجُلٌ كَانَ يَصُومُ صِيَامًا فَلْيَصُمْهُ»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "A woman should not fast for one day while her husband is present as a witness, except with his permission." Waki' said, "Except in Ramadan."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا تَصُومُ الْمَرْأَةُ يَوْمًا وَاحِدًا وَزَوْجُهَا شَاهِدٌ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ قَالَ وَكِيعٌ إِلَّا رَمَضَانَ  

[Machine] About the Prophet ﷺ , he said, "Whoever breaks their fast for one day in Ramadan without being sick or having a valid excuse, they will not be able to make up for the whole lifetime of fasting even if they fasted it." Sufyan said: Habib narrated to me from Umara from Abu Al-Mutawwassit, so I met Abu Al-Mutawwassit and he narrated to me, and Abu Nuaym narrated to him. Abu Al-Mutawwassit said:  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ أَفْطَرَ يَوْمًا فِي رَمَضَانَ مِنْ غَيْرِ مَرَضٍ وَلَا رُخْصَةٍ لَمْ يَقْضِ عَنْهُ صِيَامُ الدَّهْرِ كُلِّهِ وَإِنْ صَامَهُ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ قَالَ حَبِيبٌ حَدَّثَنِي عُمَارَةُ عَنِ أَبِي الْمُطَوِّسِ فَلَقِيتُ أَبَا الْمُطَوِّسِ فَحَدَّثَنِي حَدَّثَنَاهُ أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ فَقَالَ أَبُو الْمُطَوِّسِ  

[Machine] The Prophet, ﷺ , said to them and they asked him about a night they anticipate in Ramadan. He said it is the twenty-third night.  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ لَهُمْ وَسَأَلُوهُ عَنْ لَيْلَةٍ يَتَرَاءَوْنَهَا فِي رَمَضَانَ؟ قَالَ لَيْلَةُ ثَلَاثٍ وَعِشْرِينَ  

[Machine] Abdullah ibn Unais, the companion of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , sat with us in his gathering in the gathering of Juheyneh. He said, "In Ramadan, we said to him, 'O Abu Yahya, did you hear from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ anything about this blessed night?' He replied, 'Yes, we sat with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the last part of this month, and we said to him, 'O Messenger of Allah, when should we seek this blessed night?' He said, 'Seek it on the twenty-third night,' and he said, 'And that is the evening of the twenty-third night.' Then a man from the people asked him, 'O Messenger of Allah, is it the first eight nights?' He replied, 'No, it is not the first eight, but it is the first of the seven. Indeed, the month does not end...'  

جَلَسَ مَعَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أُنَيْسٍ صَاحِبُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي مَجْلِسِهِ فِي مَجْلِسِ جُهَيْنَةَ قَالَ فِي رَمَضَانَ قَالَ فَقُلْنَا لَهُ يَا أَبَا يَحْيَى سَمِعْتَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ الْمُبَارَكَةِ مِنْ شَيْءٍ؟ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ جَلَسْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي آخِرِ هَذَا الشَّهْرِ فَقُلْنَا لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَتَى نَلْتَمِسُ هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةَ الْمُبَارَكَةَ؟ قَالَ الْتَمِسُوهَا هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةَ وَقَالَ وَذَلِكَ مَسَاءَ لَيْلَةِ ثَلَاثٍ وَعِشْرِينَ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ وَهِيَ إِذًا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَوَّلُ ثَمَانٍ؟ قَالَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّهَا لَيْسَتْ بِأَوَّلِ ثَمَانٍ وَلَكِنَّهَا أَوَّلُ السَّبْعِ إِنَّ الشَّهْرَ لَا يَتِمُّ  

[Machine] I entered the mosque of Al-Kufa when it was first built, and it was made of palm fronds at that time. A man stood and addressed the people, saying: "I have been informed of the farewell pilgrimage of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ." So I followed a group of camels, and I approached him until the necks of the two camels were visible. I said, "O Messenger of Allah, guide me to an action that will admit me to Paradise and save me from the Fire." He said, "Avoid evil and you will have fulfilled the requirements. Worship Allah alone without associating partners with Him, establish prayer, pay zakah, perform Hajj, and fast during Ramadan. Leave the path of the travelers."  

دَخَلْتُ مَسْجِدَ الْكُوفَةِ أَوَّلَ مَا بُنِيَ مَسْجِدُهَا وَهُوَ فِي أَصْحَابِ التَّمْرِ يَوْمَئِذٍ وَجُدُرُهُ مِنْ سِهْلَةٍ فَإِذَا رَجُلٌ يُحَدِّثُ النَّاسَ قَالَ بَلَغَنِي حَجَّةُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ حَجَّةُ الْوَدَاعِ فَاسْتَتْبَعْتُ رَاحِلَةً مِنْ إِبِلِي ثُمَّ خَرَجْتُ حَتَّى جَلَسْتُ لَهُ فِي طَرِيقِ عَرَفَةَ أَوْ وَقَفْتُ لَهُ فِي طَرِيقِ عَرَفَةَ قَالَ فَإِذَا رَكْبٌ عَرَفْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فِيهِمْ بِالصِّفَةِ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ أَمَامَهُ خَلِّ لِي عَنْ طَرِيقِ الرِّكَابِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَيْحَهُ فَأَرَبٌ مَا لَهُ فَدَنَوْتُ مِنْهُ حَتَّى اخْتَلَفَتْ رَأْسُ النَّاقَتَيْنِ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ دُلَّنِي عَلَى عَمَلٍ يُدْخِلُنِي الْجَنَّةَ وَيُنْجِينِي مِنَ النَّارِ قَالَ بَخٍ بَخٍ لَئِنْ كُنْتَ قَصَّرْتَ فِي الْخُطْبَةِ لَقَدْ أَبْلَغْتَ فِي الْمَسْأَلَةِ افْقَهْ إِذًا تَعْبُدُ اللهَ ﷻ لَا تُشْرِكُ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَتُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤَدِّي الزَّكَاةَ وَتَحُجُّ الْبَيْتَ وَتَصُومُ رَمَضَانَ خَلِّ طَرِيقَ الرِّكَابِ  

[Machine] I entered the mosque of Kufa when it was first built, and it was made of date palm branches at that time. A man was addressing the people, saying, "The farewell sermon of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ has reached me." So I followed a group of camels from my camels, and I went out until I sat for him on the path to Arafat, or I stood for him on the road to Arafat. Then, when a rider passed by, I recognized the Prophet ﷺ among them by his description. A man in front of him said, "Get out of the way of the travelers." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Woe to him!" And he hurriedly moved closer to him. I approached him until the necks of our camels were intertwined. I said, "O Messenger of Allah, guide me to an action that will lead me to Paradise and save me from the Hellfire." He said, "Avoid wrongdoing and fear Allah, do not associate anything with Him, perform the prayers, give the zakah, perform the pilgrimage to the House of Allah, and fast during Ramadan. Stay away from the path of travelers."  

دَخَلْتُ مَسْجِدَ الْكُوفَةِ أَوَّلَ مَا بُنِيَ مَسْجِدُهَا وَهُوَ فِي أَصْحَابِ التَّمْرِ يَوْمَئِذٍ وَجُدُرُهُ مِنْ سِهْلَةٍ فَإِذَا رَجُلٌ يُحَدِّثُ النَّاسَ قَالَ بَلَغَنِي حَجَّةُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ حَجَّةُ الْوَدَاعِ قَالَ فَاسْتَتْبَعْتُ رَاحِلَةً مِنْ إِبِلِي ثُمَّ خَرَجْتُ حَتَّى جَلَسْتُ لَهُ فِي طَرِيقِ عَرَفَةَ أَوْ وَقَفْتُ لَهُ فِي طَرِيقِ عَرَفَةَ قَالَ فَإِذَا رَكْبٌ عَرَفْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فِيهِمْ بِالصِّفَةِ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ أَمَامَهُ خَلِّ عَنْطَرِيقِ الرِّكَابِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَيْحَهُ فَأَرِبَ لَهُ فَدَنَوْتُ مِنْهُ حَتَّى اخْتَلَفَتْ رَأْسُ النَّاقَتَيْنِ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ دُلَّنِي عَلَى عَمَلٍ يُدْخِلُنِي الْجَنَّةَ وَيُنَجِّينِي مِنَ النَّارِ قَالَ بَخٍ بَخٍ لَئِنْ كُنْتَ قَصَّرْتَ فِي الْخُطْبَةِ لَقَدْ أَبْلَغْتَ فِي الْمَسْأَلَةِ اتَّقِ اللهَ لَا تُشْرِكْ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَتُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤَدِّي الزَّكَاةَ وَتَحُجُّ الْبَيْتَ وَتَصُومُ رَمَضَانَ خَلِّ عَنْ طَرِيقِ الرِّكَابِ  

[Machine] I approached a man who was addressing a group of people, so I sat down and he described the Messenger of Allah to me while I was heading to Arafat from Mina. Then he mentioned a hadith, so I said: "O Messenger of Allah, inform me of a deed that will bring me closer to Jannah (Paradise) and distance me from the Fire (Hell)." He said: "Establish the prayer, give zakat, perform Hajj to the House, fast during Ramadan, and love for the people what you love for yourself, and dislike for them what you dislike for yourself. Avoid interactions with travelers."  

انْتَهَيْتُ إِلَى رَجُلٍ يُحَدِّثُ قَوْمًا فَجَلَسْتُ فَقَالَ وُصِفَ لِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَنَا بِمِنًى غَادِيًا إِلَى عَرَفَاتٍ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ خَبِّرْنِي بِعَمَلٍ يُقَرِّبُنِي مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ وَيُبَاعِدُنِي مِنَ النَّارِ قَالَ تُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ وَتَحُجُّ الْبَيْتَ وَتَصُومُ رَمَضَانَ وَتُحِبُّ لِلنَّاسِ مَا تُحِبُّ أَنْ يُؤْتَى إِلَيْكَ وَتَكْرَهُ لَهُمْ مَا تَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُؤْتَى إِلَيْكَ خَلِّ عَنْ وُجُوهِ الرِّكَابِ  

[Machine] I came to the Prophet and said, "O Messenger of Allah, guide me to an action that will draw me closer to Paradise and keep me away from the Hellfire." He remained silent for a while, then raised his head to the sky and looked. He said, "Worship Allah, associating nothing with Him, establish the prayer, give the Zakat, fast during Ramadan and love for people what you love for yourself and dislike for them what you dislike for yourself, and leave people alone."  

أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ دُلَّنِي عَلَى عَمِلٍ يُقَرِّبُنِي مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ وَيُبَاعِدُنِي مِنَ النَّارِ فَسَكَتَ سَاعَةً ثُمَّ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَنَظَرَ فَقَالَ «تَعْبُدُ اللهَ لَا تُشْرِكُ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَتُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصُومُ رَمَضَانَ وَتُحِبُّ لِلنَّاسِ مَا تُحِبُّ أَنْ يُؤْتَى إِلَيْكَ وَمَا كَرِهْتَ أَنْ يُؤْتَى إِلَيْكَ فَدَعِ النَّاسَ مِنْهُ»  

[Machine] "I came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, 'O Prophet of Allah, guide me to a deed that would bring me closer to Paradise and keep me away from the Hellfire.' He remained silent for a while, then raised his head towards the sky, looked around, and said, 'Worship Allah alone without associating partners with Him, establish the prayer, give the obligatory charity, fast during Ramadan, and love for others what you love for yourself, and dislike to be done to you what you dislike to be done to you. And leave people alone from what does not concern you.'"  

أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ دُلَّنِي عَلَى عَمِلٍ يُقَرِّبُنِي مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ وَيُبَاعِدُنِي مِنَ النَّارِ فَسَكَتَ سَاعَةً ثُمَّ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَنَظَرَ فَقَالَ «تَعْبُدُ اللهَ لَا تُشْرِكُ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَتُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصُومُ رَمَضَانَ وَتُحِبُّ لِلنَّاسِ مَا تُحِبُّ أَنْ يُؤْتَى إِلَيْكَ وَمَا كَرِهْتَ أَنْ يُؤْتَى إِلَيْكَ فَدَعِ النَّاسَ مِنْهُ»  

[Machine] I was told by someone from the people of Basra, among them was Al-Hasan, from Ma'qil bin Sinan Al-Ashja'i, that he said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed by me while I was observing ihtikaam (voluntary isolation) for eighteen nights that had passed from the month of Ramadan. He (the Prophet) said: "The one observing ihtikaam has broken the fast for both himself and the one he is observing ihtikaam with."  

حَدَّثَنِي نَفَرٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَصْرَةِ مِنْهُمُ الْحَسَنُ عَنْ مَعْقِلِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ الْأَشْجَعِيِّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَرَّ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَنَا أَحْتَجِمُ فِي ثَمَانِ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً خَلَتْ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ أَفْطَرَ الْحَاجِمُ وَالْمَحْجُومُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to a man from the Ansar and his wife, "Perform 'Umrah in Ramadan, for verily, 'Umrah in Ramadan is equivalent to Hajj." And Sufyan said once, without specifying who told him, "Perform 'Umrah, for verily, 'Umrah in it is equivalent to Hajj."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِرَجُلٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَامْرَأَتِهِ اعْتَمِرَا فِي رَمَضَانَ فَإِنَّ عُمْرَةً فِي رَمَضَانَ لَكُمَا كَحَجَّةٍ وَقَالَ سُفْيَانُ مَرَّةً وَلَمْ يَقُلْحَدَّثَنِي يَعْنِي ابْنَ الْمُنْكَدِرِ فَإِنَّ عُمْرَةً فِيهِ كَحَجَّةٍ  

[Machine] "I went to the Prophet ﷺ at Arafah, and I took hold of the reins or bridle of his camel. I pushed it away, and he said, 'Leave it.' Then he raised his head towards the sky and said, 'If you were to deliver the most concise speech, you would have indeed delivered the most perfect and longest act of worship by not associating anything with Allah, establishing prayer, giving charity, performing Hajj, fasting during Ramadan, and treating others the way you want them to treat you, and avoiding what you dislike for yourself. Leave people alone, and let go of the reins of the camel.'"  

أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بِعَرَفَةَ فَأَخَذْتُ بِزِمَامِ نَاقَتِهِ أَوْ خِطَامِهَا فَدَفَعْتُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ دَعُوهُ فَأَرَبٌ مَا جَاءَ بِهِ فَقُلْتُ نَبِّئْنِي بِعَمَلٍ يُقَرِّبُنِي مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ وَيُبَاعِدُنِي مِنَ النَّارِ قَالَ فَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَئِنْ كُنْتَ أَوْجَزْتَ فِي الْخُطْبَةِ لَقَدْ أَعْظَمْتَ وَأَطْوَلْتَ تَعْبُدُ اللهَ لَا تُشْرِكُ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَتُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ وَتَحُجُّ الْبَيْتَ وَتَصُومُ رَمَضَانَ وَتَأْتِي إِلَى النَّاسِ مَا تُحِبُّ أَنْ يَأْتُوهُ إِلَيْكَ وَمَا كَرِهْتَ لِنَفْسِكَ فَدَعِ النَّاسَ مِنْهُ خَلِّ عَنْ زِمَامِ النَّاقَةِ  

"عَن الْمُغيرَة بْن شُعْبَةَ (*) بْنِ الأَخْرِم، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَوْ عَنْ عَمِّهِ: قَالَ أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَسْأَلَهُ، فَقِيلَ لى: هُوَ بِعَرَفَةَ، فَاسْتَقْبَلْتُهُ، فَأَخَذْتُ بزِمَامِ النَّاقةِ، فَصَاحَ بى أُنَاسٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابهِ فَقَالَ: دَعُوهُ قَارَبَ مَا جَاءَ بهِ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ! دُلَّنى عَلَى عَمَلٍ يُقَرِّبُنِى مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ، وَيُبَاعِدُنِى مِنَ النَّارِ، فَقالَ: إِنْ كُنْتَ أَوْجَزْتَ فَى الْخُطْبَةِ فَقَدْ أَعْظَمْتَ وَأَطْوَلْتَ، فَسَكَتَ سَاعَةً، ثُمَّ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ إِلَى السَّماء، فَنَظَرَ فَقالَ: تَعْبُدُ الله وَلا تُشْرِكْ به شَيْئًا، وَتُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ، وَتُؤْتِى الزَّكَاةَ، وَتَصُومُ رَمَضَانَ، وَتُحِبُّ لِلنَّاسِ مَا تُحِبُّ أَنْ يَأتُوا إِلَيكَ، وَمَا كَرِهْتَ أَنْ يَأتُوا إِلَيْكَ فَدَع النَّاسَ مِنْهُ خَلِّ عَنْ زِمامِ النَّاقَةِ".  

[Machine] People used to fast during Ramadan, and when a man woke up after sleeping, it was forbidden for him to have food, drink, or have relations with women, until he broke his fast the next morning. Omar ibn Al-Khattab returned from the Prophet ﷺ one night, having spent the night with him, and found his wife sleeping. He wanted to approach her but she said, "I am sleeping." He said, "You did not sleep," and then had relations with her. Ka'b ibn Malik did the same thing. The next day, Omar went to the Prophet ﷺ and informed him of what happened. Allah then revealed the verse, "Allah knew that you used to deceive yourselves, so He accepted your repentance and forgave you" (Surah Al-Baqarah, 2:187).  

كَانَ النَّاسُ فِي رَمَضَانَ إِذَا صَامَ الرَّجُلُ فَأَمْسَى فَنَامَ حَرُمَ عَلَيْهِ الطَّعَامُ وَالشَّرَابُ وَالنِّسَاءُ حَتَّى يُفْطِرَ مِنَ الْغَدِ فَرَجَعَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ مِنْ عِنْدِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ وَقَدْ سَهِرَ عِنْدَهُ فَوَجَدَ امْرَأَتَهُ قَدْ نَامَتْ فَأَرَادَهَا فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي قَدْ نِمْتُ قَالَ مَا نِمْتِ ثُمَّ وَقَعَ بِهَا وَصَنَعَ كَعْبُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ فَغَدَا عُمَرُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرَهُ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ تَعَالَى {عَلِمَ اللهُ أَنَّكُمْ كُنْتُمْ تَخْتَانُونَ أَنْفُسَكُمْ فَتَابَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَعَفَا عَنْكُمْ} [البقرة 187]  

[Machine] I went to a hole in the door and I started looking through it. He noticed me, and when he gave us permission, we sat down. He said, "Which one of you looked into my house?" I said, "I did." He asked, "By what right did you look into my house?" I said, "You took a long time granting us permission, so I looked unintentionally." He said, "Then they asked him about different things, and he said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, 'Islam is built upon five: bearing witness that there is no god but Allah, and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, establishing prayer, paying zakah, performing Hajj, and fasting in Ramadan.' I asked, "O Abu Abdur-Rahman, what do you say about Jihad?" He said, "The one who strives (fights) does so for his own self."  

فَقُمْتُ إِلَى جُحْرٍ فِي الْبَابِ فَجَعَلْتُ أَطَّلِعُ فِيهِ فَفَطِنَ بِي فَلَمَّا أَذِنَ لَنَا جَلَسْنَا فَقَالَ أَيُّكُمُ اطَّلَعَ آنِفًا فِي دَارِي قَالَ قُلْتُ أَنَا قَالَ بِأَيِّ شَيْءٍ اسْتَحْلَلْتَ أَنْ تَطَّلِعَ فِي دَارِي؟ قَالَ قُلْتُ أَبْطَأَ عَلَيْنَا الْإِذْنُ فَنَظَرْتُ فَلَمْ أَتَعَمَّدْ ذَلِكَ قَالَ ثُمَّ سَأَلُوهُ عَنْ أَشْيَاءَ فَقَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ بُنِيَ الْإِسْلَامُ عَلَى خَمْسٍ شَهَادَةِ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَإِقَامِ الصَّلَاةِ وَإِيتَاءِ الزَّكَاةِ وَحَجِّ الْبَيْتِ وَصِيَامِ رَمَضَانَ قُلْتُ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ مَا تَقُولُ فِي الْجِهَادِ؟ قَالَ مَنْ جَاهَدَ فَإِنَّمَا يُجَاهِدُ لِنَفْسِهِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ observed Itikaf in the last ten days of Ramadan and had a house made of palm leaves for himself. One day, he put his head out and said, "Surely, the one who is in prayer is having a private conversation with his Lord, so let each of you take care about what he says to his Lord and not raise his voice against each other with recitation."  

اعْتَكَفَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأَوَاخِرِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَاتُّخِذَ لَهُ فِيهِ بَيْتٌ مِنْ سَعَفٍ قَالَ فَأَخْرَجَ رَأْسَهُ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ فَقَالَ «إِنَّ الْمُصَلِّيَ يُنَاجِي رَبَّهُ ﷻ فَلْيَنْظُرْ أَحَدُكُمْ بِمَا يُنَاجِي رَبَّهُ وَلَا يَجْهَرْ بَعْضُكُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ بِالْقِرَاءَةِ»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ observed i'tikaf during the last ten days of Ramadan and said, "When one of you is in prayer, he is conversing with his Lord, so do not raise your voices with the recitation of the Quran." Abu 'Abdur-Rahman differed with him, and Yahya ibn Sa'id narrated it from Muhammad ibn Ibrahim, from Abu Hazim.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ اعْتَكَفَ الْعَشْرَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ وَقَالَ «إِنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ إِذَا كَانَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فَإِنَّمَا يُنَاجِي رَبَّهُ فَلَا تَرْفَعُوا أَصْوَاتَكُمْ بِالْقُرْآنِ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ خَالَفَهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ فَرَوَاهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَبِي حَازِمٍ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The obligatory prayer is an expiation for what is between it and the next prayer. And the Friday prayer is an expiation for what is between it and the next Friday prayer. And the month (of fasting) is an expiation for what is between it and the next Ramadan." He said, "Then he said after that, except for three (situations)." He said, "So I knew that this was a matter that has occurred except for associating partners with Allah, breaking a contract, and abandoning the Sunnah." He said, "As for breaking a contract, it is when you pledge allegiance to a man and then you violate it and fight against him with your sword. And as for abandoning the Sunnah, I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, we are familiar with associating partners with Allah, but what is breaking a contract?' He said, 'It is when you pledge allegiance to a man and then you violate it and fight against him with your sword. And as for abandoning the Sunnah, it is leaving the congregation.'"  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الصَّلَاةُ الْمَكْتُوبَةُ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ الَّتِي بَعْدَهَا كَفَّارَةٌ لِمَا بَيْنَهُمَا قَالَ وَالْجُمُعَةُ إِلَى الْجُمُعَةِ وَالشَّهْرُ إِلَى الشَّهْرِ يَعْنِي رَمَضَانَ إِلَى رَمَضَانَ كَفَّارَةٌ لِمَا بَيْنَهُمَا قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ إِلَّا مِنْ ثَلَاثٍ قَالَ فَعَرَفْتُ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ لِأَمْرٍ حَدَثَ إِلَّا مِنَ الْإِشْرَاكِ بِاللهِ وَنَكْثِ الصَّفْقَةِ وَتَرْكِ السُّنَّةِ قَالَ أَمَّا نَكْثُ الصَّفْقَةِ أَنْ تُبَايِعَ رَجُلًا ثُمَّ تُخَالِفَ إِلَيْهِ تُقَاتِلُهُ بِسَيْفِكَ وَأَمَّا تَرْكُ السُّنَّةِ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَمَّا الْإِشْرَاكُ بِاللهِ فَقَدْ عَرَفْنَاهُ فَمَا نَكْثُ الصَّفْقَةِ؟ قَالَ فَأَنْ تُبَايِعَ رَجُلًا ثُمَّ تُخَالِفَ إِلَيْهِ تُقَاتِلَهُ بِسَيْفِكَ وَأَمَّا تَرْكُ السُّنَّةِ فَالْخُرُوجُ مِنَ الْجَمَاعَةِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The obligatory prayer to the obligatory prayer that follows it is an expiation for what is between them. And the Friday prayer to the Friday prayer, and the fasting of one month to the fasting of another month, which means from the month of Ramadan to the month of Ramadan, is an expiation for what is between them." Then he said afterwards, "Except for three." So I understood that this is something important that he is about to mention. He said, "Except for associating partners with Allah, breaking a deal, and abandoning the Sunnah." I asked, "O Messenger of Allah, we understand what it means to associate partners with Allah, but what does breaking a deal and abandoning the Sunnah mean?" He said, "Breaking a deal is when you make a transaction with someone and then you dispute with them, you confront them with your sword. And abandoning the Sunnah is leaving the congregation."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «الصَّلَاةُ الْمَكْتُوبَةُ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ الْمَكْتُوبَةِ الَّتِي بَعْدَهَا كَفَّارَةٌ لِمَا بَيْنَهُمَا وَالْجُمُعَةُ إِلَى الْجُمُعَةِ وَالشَّهْرُ إِلَى الشَّهْرِ يَعْنِي مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ إِلَى شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ كَفَّارَةٌ لِمَا بَيْنَهُمَا» ثُمَّ قَالَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ «إِلَّا مِنْ ثَلَاثٍ» فَعَرَفْتُ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَمْرٍ حَدَثَ فَقَالَ «إِلَّا مِنَ الْإِشْرَاكِ بِاللَّهِ وَنَكْثِ الصَّفْقَةِ وَتَرْكِ السُّنَّةِ» قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَمَّا الْإِشْرَاكُ بِاللَّهِ فَقَدْ عَرَفْنَاهُ فَمَا نَكْثُ الصَّفْقَةِ وَتَرْكُ السُّنَّةِ؟ قَالَ أَمَّا نَكْثُ الصَّفْقَةِ أَنْ تَبَايَعَ رَجُلًا بِيَمِينِكَ ثُمَّ تَخْتَلِفَ إِلَيْهِ فُتَقَابِلَهُ بِسَيْفِكَ وَأَمَّا تَرْكُ السُّنَّةِ فَالْخُرُوجُ مِنَ الْجَمَاعَةِ «»  

Abu Dawud said “I heard Muhammad bin Isa narrating this tradition who said Mu’tamar narrated it to us. And he (Mu’tamar) said “ I heard Al Hakam bin Aban narrating this tradition. He did not mention the name of Ibn ‘Abbas. Abu Dawud said “Al Hussain bin Huraith wrote to me saying “Al Fadl bin Musa narrated from Ibn ‘Abbas to the same effect from the Prophet ﷺ. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2225)  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ encouraging about standing in prayer in Ramadan.  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يُرَغِّبُ فِي قِيَامِ يَعْنِي رَمَضَانَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ permitted us to travel during the year of the conquest. We fasted for two consecutive days in the month of Ramadan until we reached the area of Kada. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered us to break our fast. People among us were fasting and some were not, until we reached a certain place close to the enemy's territory. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered us to break our fast, and we all broke our fast.  

آذَنَّا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِالرَّحِيلِ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ فِي لَيْلَتَيْنِ خَلَتَا مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَخَرَجْنَا صُوَّامًا حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغْنَا الْكَدِيدَ فَأَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِالْفِطْرِ فَأَصْبَحَ النَّاسُ مِنْهُمُ الصَّائِمُ وَمِنْهُمُ الْمُفْطِرُ حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغَ أَدْنَى مَنْزِلٍ تِلْقَاءَ الْعَدُوِّ وَأَمَرَنَا بِالْفِطْرِ فَأَفْطَرْنَا أَجْمَعِينَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered us to march on the Year of Conquest during two nights that occurred in the month of Ramadan. We left while observing fasting until we reached Al-Kadid. Then, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered us to break our fast. People became divided into two groups: the fasting ones and those who broke their fast.  

أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِالرَّحِيلِ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ فِي لَيْلَتَيْنِ خَلَتَا مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَخَرَجْنَا صُوَّامًا حَتَّى بَلَغْنَا الْكَدِيدَ فَأَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِالْفِطْرِ فَأَصْبَحَ النَّاسُ شَرْحَيْنِ مِنْهُمُ الصَّائِمُ وَالْمُفْطِرُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered us to set out for a military expedition on the night of the conquest, which took place during the last two nights of the month of Ramadan. So, we continued to fast until we reached Al-Kadid. Then, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered us to break our fast. The people became divided into two groups, the fasting group and the non-fasting group. When we reached a place where we were to encounter the enemy, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered us to break our fast. So, we all broke our fast. In another narration by Ibn Yusuf, when we reached Dhuhuran, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ called us to meet the enemy and ordered us to break our fast. So, we all broke our fast.  

أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِالرَّحِيلِ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ فِي لَيْلَتَيْنِ خَلَتَا مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَخَرَجْنَا صُوَّامًا حَتَّى بَلَغْنَا الْكَدِيدَ فَأَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِالْفِطْرِ فَأَصْبَحَ النَّاسُ شَرْجَيْنِ مِنْهُمُ الصَّائِمُ وَالْمُفْطِرُ حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغْنَا الْمَنْزِلَ الَّذِي نَلْقَى الْعَدُوَّ فِيهِ أَمَرَنَا بِالْفِطْرِ فَأَفْطَرْنَا أَجْمَعِينَ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ يُوسُفَ حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغَ الظَّهْرَانَ آذَنَنَا بِلِقَاءِ الْعَدُوِّ فَأَمَرَنَا بِالْفِطْرِ فَأَفْطَرْنَا أَجْمَعِينَ  

[Machine] I heard Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri, and it was mentioned to him about a prayer at At-Tur (mountain). He said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'It is not proper for a traveler to set out heading to a mosque seeking to perform a prayer except at Al-Masjid Al-Haram, Al-Masjid Al-Aqsa, or this mosque of mine. And it is not proper for a woman who has entered Islam to travel except with a Mahram from her family. And it is not proper to pray in the two hours after Fajr prayer until the sun rises, nor after Asr prayer until the sun sets. And it is not proper to fast on two days of the year, the day of Eid al-Fitr and the day of Eid al-Adha.'"  

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيَّ وَذُكِرَتْ عِنْدَهُ صَلَاةٌ فِي الطُّورِ فَقَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا يَنْبَغِي لِلْمَطِيِّ أَنْ تُشَدَّ رِحَالُهُ إِلَى مَسْجِدٍ يُبْتَغَى فِيهِ الصَّلَاةُ غَيْرَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ وَالْمَسْجِدِ الْأَقْصَى وَمَسْجِدِي هَذَا وَلَا يَنْبَغِي لِامْرَأَةٍ دَخَلَتِ الْإِسْلَامَ أَنْ تَخْرُجَ مِنْ بَيْتِهَا مُسَافِرَةً إِلَّا مَعَ بَعْلٍ أَوْ ذِي مَحْرَمٍ مِنْهَا وَلَا يَنْبَغِي الصَّلَاةُ فِي سَاعَتَيْنِ مِنَ النَّهَارِ مِنْ بَعْدِ صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ إِلَى أَنْ تَرْحَلَ الشَّمْسُ وَلَا بَعْدَ صَلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ إِلَى أَنْ تَغْرُبَالشَّمْسُ وَلَا يَنْبَغِي الصَّوْمُ فِي يَوْمَيْنِ مِنَ الدَّهْرِ يَوْمِ الْفِطْرِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ وَيَوْمِ النَّحْرِ  

[Machine] "When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said that we went out on the nineteenth or seventeenth night of Ramadan, and both the fasting people fasted and those who were breaking their fast broke it, neither group blamed the other."  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ لِتِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ أَوْ سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَصَامَ صَائِمُونَ وَأَفْطَرَ مُفْطِرُونَ فَلَمْ يَعِبْ هَؤُلَاءِ عَلَى هَؤُلَاءِ وَلَا هَؤُلَاءِ عَلَى هَؤُلَاءِ  

[Machine] We went out with the Prophet ﷺ in the eighteenth night of Ramadan. The fasting people fasted and the people who break their fast broke their fast. Neither group criticized the other. Shu'bah narrated to me this narration from four people, one of them being Qatadah. And this is the narration of Qatadah.  

خَرَجْنَا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي ثَمَانَ عَشْرَةَ مَضَتْ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَصَامَ صَائِمُونَ وَأَفْطَرَ مُفْطِرُونَ فَلَمْ يَعِبْ هَؤُلَاءِ عَلَى هَؤُلَاءِ وَلَا هَؤُلَاءِ عَلَى هَؤُلَاءِ قَالَ شُعْبَةُ حَدَّثَنِي بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ أَرْبَعَةٌ أَحَدُهُمْ قَتَادَةُ وَهَذَا حَدِيثُ قَتَادَةَ  

[Machine] We went out with the Prophet ﷺ to Hunayn in the seventeenth or eighteenth day of Ramadan. Some of us fasted while others broke their fast, and neither group criticized the other.  

خَرَجْنَا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ إِلَى حُنَيْنٍ لِسَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ أَوْ ثَمَانِ عَشْرَةَ مَضَتْ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَصَامَ صَائِمُونَ وَأَفْطَرَ آخَرُونَ وَلَمْ يَعِبْ هَؤُلَاءِ عَلَى هَؤُلَاءِ وَلَا هَؤُلَاءِ عَلَى هَؤُلَاءِ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ went out to them in Ramadan and made it easier for them, then he entered and prolonged (his stay), then he went out and made it easier for them, then he entered and prolonged (his stay). When we became morning, we said, "O Prophet of Allah, we sat the night and you came out to us and made it easier for us, then you entered and prolonged (your stay)," he said, "I did that for your sake."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ خَرَجَ إِلَيْهِمْ فِي رَمَضَانَ فَخَفَّفَ بِهِمْ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ فَأَطَالَ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَخَفَّفَ بِهِمْ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ فَأَطَالَ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحْنَا قُلْنَا يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ جَلَسْنَا اللَّيْلَةَ فَخَرَجْتَ إِلَيْنَا فَخَفَّفْتَ ثُمَّ دَخَلْتَ فَأَطَلْتَ قَالَ مِنْ أَجْلِكُمْ فَعَلْتُ  

[Machine] From the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , he said: "I was amazed, so I approached him and I was in awe until I came to him, then I said: 'Did you hear it from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ?' He got extremely angry and said: 'I narrate from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ what I have not heard. Yes, indeed, I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying: 'Do not travel except to three mosques, this mosque of mine, the Sacred Mosque, and the Al-Aqsa Mosque.' And I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying: 'A woman should not travel except with her husband or a mahram of hers.' And I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying: 'There is no fasting on two days, the day of Eid al-Adha and the day of Eid al-Fitr, during Ramadan.' And I heard him saying: 'There is no prayer after the two prayers, the Fajr prayer until the sun rises, and the Asr prayer until the sun sets.'"  

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَفَأَعْجَبَنِي فَدَنَوْتُ مِنْهُ وَكَانَ فِي نَفْسِي حَتَّى أَتَيْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ أَنْتَ سَمِعْتَهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ فَغَضِبَ غَضَبًا شَدِيدًا قَالَ فَأُحَدِّثُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مَا لَمْ أَسْمَعْ نَعَمْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ لَا تُشَدُّ الرِّحَالُ إِلَّا إِلَى ثَلَاثَةِ مَسَاجِدَ مَسْجِدِي هَذَا وَالْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ وَالْمَسْجِدِ الْأَقْصَى وَسَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ لَا تُسَافِرُ الْمَرْأَةُ إِلَّا مَعَ زَوْجِهَا أَوْ ذِي مَحْرَمٍ مِنْهَا وَسَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ لَا صِيَامَ فِي يَوْمَيْنِ يَوْمِ الْأَضْحَى وَيَوْمِ الْفِطْرِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ وَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ لَا صَلَاةَ بَعْدَ صَلَاتَيْنِ صَلَاةِ الْفَجْرِ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ وَصَلَاةِ الْعَصْرِ حَتَّى تَغْرُبَ الشَّمْسُ  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "Whoever fasts in Ramadan, knows its limits, and safeguards what he should safeguard in it, will have his previous sins forgiven."  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَنْ صَامَ رَمَضَانَ وَعَرَفَ حُدُودَهُ وَتَحَفَّظَ مِمَّا كَانَ يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يَتَحَفَّظَ فِيهِ كَفَّرَ مَا قَبْلَهُ  

[Machine] From the Prophet ﷺ , he said, "Whoever fasts Ramadan, knows its limits, and preserves what should be preserved, will have their previous sins forgiven."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «مَنْ صَامَ رَمَضَانَ وَعَرَفَ حُدُودَهُ وَتَحَفَّظَ مَا يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يَتَحَفَّظَ كَفَّرَ مَا قَبْلَهُ»  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "Whoever fasts Ramadan, familiarizes himself with its limits, and preserves what should be preserved in it, will have his previous sins forgiven."  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَنْ صَامَ رَمَضَانَ فَعَرَفَ حُدُودَهُ وَتَحَفَّظَ لَهُ مَا يَنْبَغِي لَهُ أَنْ يَتَحَفَّظَ فِيهِ كَفَّرَ مَا قَبْلَهُ  

"مَنْ صَامَ رَمَضَانَ فَعَرَفَ حُدُودَه، وتَحَفظَ مما يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يُتَحَفَّظَ مِنْهُ كَفَّرَ ما قَبْلَهُ".  

[Machine] "Indeed, the Prophet ﷺ was traveling during Ramadan. So, a container was brought and he placed it on his hand. When the people saw it, they broke their fast."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ فِي سَفَرٍ فِي رَمَضَانَ فَأُتِيَ بِإِنَاءٍ فَوَضَعَهُ عَلَى يَدِهِ فَلَمَّا رَآهُ النَّاسُ أَفْطَرُوا  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ used to observe i'tikaf during the last ten days of Ramadan when he was staying in one place, and when he travelled, he would observe i'tikaf for twenty days in the coming year. Abdullah bin Ahmad said, "My father narrated to me that he heard this hadith from Ibn Abi Adiy from Humaid from Anas."  

كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِذَا كَانَ مُقِيمًا اعْتَكَفَ الْعَشْرَ الْأَوَاخِرَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ وَإِذَا سَافَرَ اعْتَكَفَ مِنَ الْعَامِ الْمُقْبِلِ عِشْرِينَ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ قَالَ أَبِي لَمْ أَسْمَعْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ إِلَّا مِنْ ابْنِأَبِي عَدِيٍّ عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ أَنَسٍ  

[Machine] So we heard his voice saying "Allah speaks the truth and His Messenger has delivered the message." We said, "We hear you saying that Allah speaks the truth and His Messenger has delivered the message." He replied, "Verily, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said that the Night of Qadr is in the last ten nights of Ramadan, and the sun rises on that day without rays." So I looked at the sun and found it exactly as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had said.  

فَسَمِعْنَا صَوْتَهُ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ صَدَقَ اللهُ وَبَلَّغَ رَسُولُهُ فَقُلْنَا سَمِعْنَاكَ تَقُولُ صَدَقَ اللهُ وَبَلَّغَ رَسُولُهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِنَّ لَيْلَةَ الْقَدْرِ فِي النِّصْفِ مِنَ السَّبْعِ الْأَوَاخِرِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ تَطْلُعُ الشَّمْسُ غَدَاتَئِذٍ صَافِيَةً لَيْسَ لَهَا شُعَاعٌ فَنَظَرْتُ إِلَيْهَا فَوَجَدْتُهَا كَمَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ  

"(The months in which) We fasted twenty-nine days at the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, were more than (the months in which) we fasted thirty days. (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1658)  

مَا صُمْنَا رَمَضَانَ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ تِسْعًا وَعِشْرِينَ أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا صُمْنَا ثَلَاثِينَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allahﷺ prescribed giving Sadaqat al-Fitr (charity of Ramadan) on males, females, free people, and slaves, which is one Sa'a (measurement) of dates or one Sa'a of barley. People then started giving it in half a Sa'a of wheat. Ayyub said, and Nafi said, "Ibn Umar used to give dates except for one year when dates were scarce, so he gave barley."  

فَرَضَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ صَدَقَةَ رَمَضَانَ عَلَى الذَّكَرِ وَالْأُنْثَى وَالْحُرِّ وَالْمَمْلُوكِ صَاعَ تَمْرٍ أَوْ صَاعَ شَعِيرٍ قَالَ فَعَدَلَ النَّاسُ بِهِ بَعْدُ نِصْفَ صَاعِ بُرٍّ قَالَ أَيُّوبُ وَقَالَ نَافِعٌ كَانَابْنُ عُمَرَ يُعْطِي التَّمْرَ إِلَّا عَامًا وَاحِدًا أَعْوَزَ التَّمْرُ فَأَعْطَى الشَّعِيرَ  

[Machine] "Lā ilāha illā Allah, wa iqām al-ṣalāt, wa ītāʾ al-zakāh, wa ḥajj al-bayt, wa ṣawm Ramaḍān." Qāla faqāla lahū rajulun, "wal-jihādu fī sabīl Allah?" Qāla Ibn ʿUmar, "al-jihādu ḥasan, hakadhā ḥaddathanā Rasūl Allah ﷺ."

Translation: "There is no deity except Allah, and performing the prayer, giving the zakah, performing the pilgrimage to the House (Kaaba), and fasting in the month of Ramadan." A man said to him, "What about jihad in the way of Allah?" Ibn Umar said, "Jihad is also good. Thus the Messenger of Allah ﷺ informed us."  

أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَإِقَامِ الصَّلَاةِ وَإِيتَاءِ الزَّكَاةِ وَحَجِّ الْبَيْتِ وَصَوْمِ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ وَالْجِهَادُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ؟ قَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ الْجِهَادُ حَسَنٌ هَكَذَا حَدَّثَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Seek out Laylat al-Qadr on the last seven nights of the month of Ramadan."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْتَمِسُوا لَيْلَةَ الْقَدْرِ فِي السَّبْعِ الْأَوَاخِرِ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked about the Night of Qadr, and he replied, "Search for it in the last ten nights of Ramadan."  

سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْ لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ فَقَالَ «تَحَرَّوْهَا فِي السَّبْعِ الْأَوَاخِرِ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever reaches Ramadan and has missed any part of it, it will not be accepted from them, and whoever fasts voluntarily and has missed any part of Ramadan, it will not be accepted from them until they make up for it."  

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ أَدْرَكَ رَمَضَانَوَعَلَيْهِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ شَيْءٌ لَمْ يَقْضِهِ لَمْ يُتَقَبَّلْ مِنْهُ وَمَنْ صَامَ تَطَوُّعًا وَعَلَيْهِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ شَيْءٌ لَمْ يَقْضِهِ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يُتَقَبَّلُ مِنْهُ حَتَّى يَصُومَهُ