[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ came down to us, and we provided him with food that included some kinds of dates. He said to his companions, "Eat, for I am not like any of you. I fear that my companion may be hurt."  

نَزَلَ عَلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَتَكَلَّفْنَا لَهُ طَعَامًا فِيهِ بَعْضُ الْبُقُولِ فَقَالَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ «كُلُوا فَإِنِّي لَسْتُ كَأَحَدٍ مِنْكُمْ إِنِّي أَخَافُ أَنْ أُوذِيَ صَاحِبِي»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was brought a dish of tharid (a type of stew) containing garlic. He did not eat from it and sent it to Abu Ayyub. Abu Ayyub would place his hand where he saw the hand of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ placed. When he did not see any trace of the hand of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, he did not eat. Abu Ayyub came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said to him, "I did not see any trace of your hand in it." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied, "It has the smell of garlic and I am accompanied by an angel."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أُتِيَ بِقَصْعَةٍ مِنْ ثَرِيدٍ فِيهَا ثُومٌ فَلَمْ يَأْكُلْ مِنْهَا وَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى أَبِي أَيُّوبَ وَكَانَ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ يَضَعُ يَدَهُ حَيْثُ يَرَى يَدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَضَعَ يَدَهُ فَلَمَّا لَمْ يَرَ أَثَرَ يَدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَمْ يَأْكُلْ فَأَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَهُ إِنِّي لَمْ أَرَ أَثَرَ يَدِكَ فِيهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «فِيهَا رِيحُ الثُّومِ وَمَعِي مَلَكٌ»  

[Machine] "I ate garlic, then I went to the Prophet's mosque and found that he had preceded me by one unit of prayer. When I stood to complete my prayer, he noticed the smell of garlic and said, 'Whoever has eaten from this bulb should not come near our mosque until the smell goes away.' Al-Mughirah said, 'After I finished my prayer, I went to him and said, 'O Messenger of Allah, I have an excuse. Allow me to hold your hand.' He allowed me, and I found it to be easy. I put it in my sleeve close to my chest and found it tied. He said, 'You have an excuse.'"  

أَكَلْتُ ثُومًا ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُ مُصَلَّى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَوَجَدْتُهُ قَدْ سَبَقَنِي بِرَكْعَةٍ فَلَمَّا قُمْتُ أَقْضِي وَجَدَ رِيحَ الثُّومِ فَقَالَ «مَنْ أَكَلَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْبَقْلَةِ فَلَا يَقْرَبَنَّ مَسْجِدَنَا حَتَّى يَذْهَبَ رِيحُهَا» قَالَ الْمُغِيرَةُ فَلَمَّا قَضَيْتُ الصَّلَاةَ أَتَيْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ لِي عُذْرًا فَنَاوِلْنِي يَدَكَ فَنَاوَلَنِي فَوَجَدْتُهُ وَاللَّهِ سَهْلًا فَأَدْخَلْتُهَا فِي كُمِّي إِلَى صَدْرِي فَوَجَدَهُ مَعْصُوبًا فَقَالَ «إِنَّ لَكَ عُذْرًا»  

"By the One in Whose Hand is my soul! I nearly ordered that firewood be gathered to be lit, then I would have ordered that the Adhan be called for prayer, and ordered a man to lead the people in prayer, then I would have gone from behind to those men and burned their houses down over them. By the One in Whose Hand is my soul! If any one of them knew that he would get a meaty bone or some meat in between two ribs, he would attend Isha'.'' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 848)  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَقَدْ هَمَمْتُ أَنْ آمُرَ بِحَطَبٍ فَيُحْطَبَ ثُمَّ آمُرَ بِالصَّلَاةِ فَيُؤَذَّنَ لَهَا ثُمَّ آمُرَ رَجُلًا فَيَؤُمَّ النَّاسَ ثُمَّ أُخَالِفَ إِلَى رِجَالٍ فَأُحَرِّقَ عَلَيْهِمْ بُيُوتَهُمْ وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَوْ يَعْلَمُ أَحَدُهُمْ أَنَّهُ يَجِدُ عَظْمًا سَمِينًا أَوْ مِرْمَاتَيْنِ حَسَنَتَيْنِ لَشَهِدَ الْعِشَاءَ»  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "I had intended to command a man to lead the people in prayer, and then go to a group of people who neglect it and set fire to them," meaning the two prayers, Isha (night prayer) and Fajr (dawn prayer)."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «لَقَدْ هَمَمْتُ أَنْ آمُرَ رَجُلًا يُصَلِّيَ بِالنَّاسِ ثُمَّ آتِيَ أَقْوَامًا يَخَلَّفُونَ عَنْهَا فَأُحَرِّقَ عَلَيْهِمْ» يَعْنِي الصَّلَاتَيْنِ الْعِشَاءَ وَالْغَدَاةَ  

The most burdensome prayers for the hypocrites are the night prayer and the morning prayer. If they were to know the blessings they have in store, they would have come to them, even though crawling, and I thought that I should order the prayer to be commenced and command a person to lead people in prayer, and I should then go along with some persons having a fagot of fuel with them to the people who have not attended the prayer (in congregation) and would burn their houses with fire. (Using translation from Muslim 651b)  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ أَثْقَلَ الصَّلَاةِ عَلَى الْمُنَافِقِينَ صَلَاةُ الْعِشَاءِ وَصَلَاةُ الْفَجْرِ وَلَوْ يَعْلَمُونَ مَا فِيهَا لَأَتَوْهُمَا وَلَوْ حَبْوًا وَلَقَدْ هَمَمْتُ أَنْ آمُرَ بِالصَّلَاةِ فَتُقَامَ ثُمَّ آمُرَ رَجُلًا فَيُصَلِّيَ بِالنَّاسِ ثُمَّ أَنْطَلِقَ مَعِي بِرِجَالٍ مَعَهُمْ حِزَمُ حَطَبٍ إِلَى قَوْمٍ لَا يَشْهَدُونَ الصَّلَاةَ فَأُحَرِّقَ عَلَيْهِمْ بُيُوتَهُمْ بِالنَّارِ»  

[Machine] "When we used to lose someone during the morning and evening prayers, we would suspect them."  

«كُنَّا إِذَا فَقَدْنَا الْإِنْسَانَ فِي صَلَاةِ الصُّبْحِ وَالْعِشَاءِ أَسَأْنَا بِهِ الظَّنَّ»  

I have seen the time when no one stayed away from prayer except a hypocrite, whose hypocrisy was well known, or a sick man, but if a sick man could walk between two persons (i.e. with the help of two persons with one on each side) he would come to prayer. And (further) said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ taught us the paths of right guidance, among which is prayer in the mosque in which the Adhan is called. (Using translation from Muslim 654a)  

عَبْدُ اللَّهِ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنَا وَمَا يَتَخَلَّفُ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ إِلَّا مُنَافِقٌ قَدْ عُلِمَ نِفَاقُهُ أَوْ مَرِيضٌ وَإِنْ كَانَ الْمَرِيضُ لَيَمُرُّ بَيْنَ الرَّجُلَيْنِ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ الصَّلَاةَ وَقَالَ «إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَّمَنَا سُنَنَ الْهُدَى وَمِنْ سُنَنِ الْهُدَى الصَّلَاةُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ الَّذِي يُؤَذَّنُ فِيهِ»  

I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: If there are three men in a village or in the desert among whom prayer is not offered (in congregation), the devil has got the mastery over them. So observe (prayer) in congregation), for the wolf eats only the straggling animal. Sa'ib said: By the word Jama'ah he meant saying prayer in company or in congregation. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 547)   

سَأَلَنِي أَبُو الدَّرْدَاءِ أَيْنَ مَسْكَنُكَ؟ قُلْتُ فِي قَرْيَةٍ دُونَ حِمْصٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «مَا مِنْ ثَلَاثَةٍ فِي قَرْيَةٍ وَلَا بَدْوٍ لَا تُقَامُ فِيهِمُ الصَّلَاةُ إِلَّا اسْتَحْوَذَ عَلَيْهِمُ الشَّيْطَانُ فَعَلَيْكَ بِالْجَمَاعَةِ فَإِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُ الذِّئْبُ الْقَاصِيَةَ»  

“The Imam is appointed to be followed. When he says Allahu Akbar, then say Allahu Akbar; when he bows, then bow; when he says Sami’ Allahu liman hamidah, then say Rabbana wa lakal-hamd; when he prostrates then prostrate; and if he prays sitting down then pray sitting down.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1238)   

سَقَطَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مِنْ فَرَسٍ فَجُحِشَ شِقُّهُ الْأَيْمَنُ فَحَضَرَتْ صَلَاةٌ فَصَلَّى بِنَا قَاعِدًا فَلَمَّا قَضَى صَلَاتَهُ قَالَ «إِنَّمَا جُعِلَ الْإِمَامُ لِيُؤْتَمَّ بِهِ فَإِذَا كَبَّرَ فَكَبِّرُوا وَإِذَا رَكَعَ فَارْكَعُوا وَإِذَا رَفَعَ فَارْفَعُوا وَإِذَا قَالَ سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ فَقُولُوا رَبَّنَا وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ وَإِذَا صَلَّى قَاعِدًا فَصَلُّوا قُعُودًا أَجْمَعِينَ»  

the Imam is appointed only to be followed ; so when he prays standing, pray standing, and when he bows, bow; when he raises himself, raise yourselves; when he says “Allah listen to him who praises Him”, “Our Lord ! to Thee be the praise”: and when he prays sitting all of you pray sitting. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 601)  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَكِبَ فَرَسًا فَصُرِعَ يَعْنِي فَجُحِشَ شِقُّهُ الْأَيْمَنُ فَصَلَّى صَلَاةً مِنَ الصَّلَوَاتِ وَهُوَ قَاعِدٌ فَصَلَّيْنَا وَرَاءَهُ قُعُودًا فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ قَالَ «إِنَّمَا جُعِلَ الْإِمَامُ لِيُؤْتَمَّ بِهِ فَإِذَا صَلَّى قَائِمًا فَصَلُّوا قِيَامًا وَإِذَا رَكَعَ فَارْكَعُوا وَإِذَا رَفَعَ فَارْفَعُوا وَإِذَا قَالَ سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ فَقُولُوا رَبَّنَا وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ وَإِذَا صَلَّى جَالِسًا فَصَلُّوا جُلُوسًا أَجْمَعُونَ»  

the mother of the believers: Messenger of Allah ﷺ during his illness prayed at his house while sitting whereas some people prayed behind him standing. The Prophet ﷺ beckoned them to sit down. On completion of the prayer, he said, 'The Imam is to be followed: bow when he bows, raise up your heads (stand erect) when he raises his head and when he says, 'Samiʿa l-lahu liman hamidah' (Allah heard those who sent praises to Him) say then 'Rabbana wa laka l-hamd' (O our Lord! All the praises are for You), and if he prays sitting then pray sitting." (Using translation from Bukhārī 688)  

أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ صَلَّى رسولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي بَيْتِهِ وَهُوَ شَاكٍ فَصَلَّى جَالِسًا وَصَلَّى وَرَاءَهُ قَوْمٌ قِيَامًا فَأَشَارَ إِلَيْهِمْ أَنِ اجْلِسُوا فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «إِنَّمَا جُعِلَ الْإِمَامُ لِيُؤْتَمَّ بِهِ فَإِذَا رَكَعَ فَارْكَعُوا وَإِذَا رَفَعَ فَارْفَعُوا وَإِذَا صَلَّى جَالِسًا فَصَلُّوا جُلُوسًا»  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "Leave me as I leave you, for the people who were before you were ruined because of their questions and their differences over their prophets. So, if I forbid you to do something, then keep away from it. And if I order you to do something, then do of it as much as you can." (Using translation from Bukhārī 7288)  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «ذَرُونِي مَا تَرَكْتُكُمْ فَإِنَّمَا هَلَكَ مَنْ قَبْلَكُمْ بِسُؤَالِهِمْ وَاخْتِلَافِهِمْ عَلَى أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ فَإِذَا نَهَيْتُكُمْ عَنْ شَيْءٍ فَاجْتَنِبُوهُ وَإِذَا أَمَرْتُكُمْ بِالْأَمْرِ فَأَتَوْا مِنْهُ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ»  

The Prophet said: "Leave me as I have left you (Don't ask me the minor things that I have avoided to tell you). For those who came before you were doomed because of their questions and differences with their Prophets. If I commanded you to do something, then do as much of it as you can, and if I forbid you from doing something, then refrain from it." (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2)   

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «ذَرُونِي مَا تَرَكْتُكُمْ فَإِنَّمَا هَلَكَ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ بِسُؤَالِهِمْ وَاخْتِلَافِهِمْ عَلَى أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ فَمَا أُمِرْتُمْ فَأَتَوْا مِنْهُ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ وَمَا نَهَيْتُ عَنْهُ فَانْتَهُوا»  

“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: ‘The Imam is appointed to be followed. When he says Allahu Akbar, then say Allahu Akbar; when he bows, then bow; when he says Sami’ Allahu liman hamidah, then say Rabbana wa lakal-hamd; when he prostrates then prostrate; if he prays standing, then pray standing, and if he prays sitting down then pray sitting down.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1239)   

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ «إِنَّمَا جُعِلَ الْإِمَامُ لِيُؤْتَمَّ بِهِ فَلَا تَخْتَلِفُوا عَلَيْهِ فَإِذَا كَبَّرَ فَكَبِّرُوا وَإِذَا رَكَعَ فَارْكَعُوا وَإِذَا قَالَ سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ فَقُولُوا اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا لَكَ الْحَمْدُ وَإِذَا صَلَّى قَاعِدًا فَصَلُّوا قُعُودًا أَجْمَعُونَ»  

the Imam is appointed only to be followed ; so when he prays standing, pray standing, and when he bows, bow; when he raises himself, raise yourselves; when he says “Allah listen to him who praises Him”, “Our Lord ! to Thee be the praise”: and when he prays sitting all of you pray sitting. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 601)   

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَكِبَ فَرَسًا فَصُرِعَ عَنْهُ فَجُحِشَ شِقُّهُ الْأَيْمَنُ قَالَ أَنَسٌ فَصَلَّى لَنَا يَوْمَئِذٍ صَلَاةً مِنَ الصَّلَوَاتِ وَهُوَ قَاعِدٌ فَصَلَّيْنَا وَرَاءَهُ قُعُودًا ثُمَّ قَالَ حِينَ سَلَّمَ «إِنَّمَا جُعِلَ الْإِمَامُ لِيُؤْتَمَّ بِهِ فَإِذَا صَلَّى الْإِمَامُ قَائِمًا فَصَلُّوا قِيَامًا وَإِذَا رَكَعَ فَارْكَعُوا وَإِذَا رَفَعَ فَارْفَعُوا وَإِذَا سَجَدَ فَاسْجُدُوا وَإِذَا قَالَ سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ فَقُولُوا رَبَّنَا وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ وَإِذَا صَلَّى قَاعِدًا فَصَلُّوا قُعُودًا أَجْمَعُونَ»  

[Machine] "That the Prophet ﷺ came to them and the prayer was due. He performed the prayer with them while they were standing, then when the next prayer was due, they started to stand up. He said: 'Bring your Imam, and if he prays sitting, then pray sitting, and if he prays standing, then pray standing.'"  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَتَاهُ الْقَوْمُ وَحَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ قَاعِدًا وَهُمْ قِيَامٌ فَلَمَّا حَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ الْأُخْرَى ذَهَبُوا يَقُومُونَ فَقَالَ «ائْتَمُّوا بِإِمَامِكُمْ وَإِنْ صَلَّى قَاعِدًا فَصَلُّوا قُعُودًا وَإِنْ صَلَّى قَائِمًا فَصَلُّوا قِيَامًا»  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ rode a horse in Medina. It threw him off at the root of a date-palm. His foot was injured. We visited him to inquire about his illness. We found him praying sitting in the apartment of Aisha. We, therefore, stood, (praying) behind him. He kept silent. We again visited him to inquire about his illness. He offered the obligatory prayer sitting. We, therefore, stood (praying) behind him; he made a sign to us and we sat down. When he finished the prayer, he said: When the imam prays sitting, pray sitting; and when the imam prays standing, pray standing, and do not act as the people of Persia used to act with their chiefs (i.e. the people stood and they were sitting). (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 602)   

رَكِبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَرَسًا بِالْمَدِينَةِ فَصَرَعَهُ عَلَى جِذْعِ نَخْلَةٍ فَانْفَكَّتْ قَدَمُهُ فَأَتَيْنَاهُ نَعُودُهُ فَوَجَدْنَاهُ فِي مَشْرُبَةٍ لِعَائِشَةَ يُسَبِّحُ جَالِسًا فَقُمْنَا خَلْفَهُ فَتَنَكَّبَ عَنا ثُمَّ أَتَيْنَاهُ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى فَوَجَدْنَاهُ يُصَلِّي الْمَكْتُوبَةَ فَقُمْنَا خَلْفَهُ فَأَشَارَ إِلَيْنَا فَقَعَدْنَا فَلَمَّا قَضَى الصَّلَاةَ قَالَ «إِذَا صَلَّى الْإِمَامُ جَالِسًا فَصَلُّوا جُلُوسًا وَإِذَا صَلَّى قَائِمًا فَصَلُّوا قِيَامًا وَلَا تَفْعَلُوا كَمَا يَفْعَلُ أَهْلُ فَارِسٌ بِعُظَمَائِهَا»  

"Messenger of Allah fell from a horse and got injured, so he led Salat sitting and we also offered Salat sitting. When he completed the Salat he said: "The Imam is appointed to be followed; when he says the Takbir then say the Takbir, when he bows, then bow, and when he raises his head, then raise your heads. When he says: "Sami' Allahu liman hamidah (Allah listens to those who praise him)" then say: "Rabbana wa lakal-hamd. (O our Lord! And all praise is Yours.)" and when he prostrates, then prostrate, and when he performs Salat sitting, then pray sitting altogether.'" (Using translation from Tirmidhī 361)   

خَرَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ فَرَسٍ فَجُحِشَ فَصَلَّى لَنَا قَاعِدًا فَصَلَّيْنَا مَعَهُ قُعُودًا ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ فَقَالَ «إِنَّمَا الْإِمَامُ لِيُؤْتَمَّ بِهِ فَإِذَا كَبَّرَ فَكَبِّرُوا وَإِذَا رَكَعَ فَارْكَعُوا وَإِذَا رَفَعَ فَارْفَعُوا وَإِذَا قَالَ سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ فَقُولُوا رَبَّنَا وَلَكَ الْحَمْدُ وَإِذَا سَجَدَ فَاسْجُدُوا وَإِذَا صَلَّى قَاعِدًا فَصَلُّوا قُعُودًا أَجْمَعُونَ»  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ was thrown off his horse and fell on the trunk of a palm tree, causing his foot to dislocate. We entered upon him while he was praying in a drinking vessel belonging to Aisha, sitting down. We followed his prayer and we were standing. Then, we entered upon him again while he was praying, sitting down. We followed his prayer and we were standing. He gestured to us to sit down. When he finished praying, he said, "Indeed, the Imam is appointed to be followed. So, if he prays standing, then pray standing, and if he prays sitting, then pray sitting and do not stand while he is sitting, as the Persians do with their leaders."  

صُرِعَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَنْ فَرَسٍ لَهُ فَوَقَعَ عَلَى جِذْعِ نَخْلَةٍ فَانْفَكَّتْ قَدَمُهُ فَدَخَلْنَا عَلَيْهِ نَعُودُهُ وَهُوَ يُصَلِّي فِي مَشْرُبَةٍ لِعَائِشَةَ جَالِسًا فَصَلَّيْنَا بِصَلَاتِهِ وَنَحْنُ قِيَامٌ ثُمَّ دَخَلْنَا عَلَيْهِ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى وَهُوَ يُصَلِّي جَالِسًا فَصَلَّيْنَا بِصَلَاتِهِ وَنَحْنُ قِيَامٌ فَأَوْمَأَ إِلَيْنَا أَنِ اجْلِسُوا فَلَمَّا صَلَّى قَالَ «إِنَّمَا جُعِلَ الْإِمَامُ لِيُؤْتَمَّ بِهِ فَإِذَا صَلَّى قَائِمًا فَصَلُّوا قِيَامًا وَإِنْ صَلَّى جَالِسًا فَصَلُّوا جُلُوسًا وَلَا تَقُومُوا وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ كَمَا يَصْنَعُ أَهْلُ فَارِسٍ بِعُظَمَائِهَا»  

The Imam is appointed to be followed. So recite takbir when he recites it, and bow down when he bows down and when he utters:" Allah listens to him who praises Him," say" O Allah, our Lord, for Thee be the praise." And when he prays, standing, you should pray standing. And when he prays sitting, all of you should pray sitting. (Using translation from Muslim 417)  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «إِنَّمَا الْإِمَامُ لِيُؤْتَمَّ بِهِ فَإِذَا كَبَّرَ فَكَبِّرُوا وَإِذَا رَكَعَ فَارْكَعُوا وَإِذَا رَفَعَ فَارْفَعُوا وَإِذَا قَالَ سَمِعَ اللَّهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ فَقُولُوا اللَّهُمَّ رَبَّنَا لَكَ الْحَمْدُ وَإِذَا صَلَّى قَائِمًا فَصَلُّوا قِيَامًا وَإِذَا صَلَّى قَاعِدًا فَصَلُّوا قُعُودًا أَجْمَعُونَ»  

"I entered upon Aisha and said: 'Will you not tell me about the sickness of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ?' She said: 'When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, became seriously ill, he said: "Have the people prayed?" We said: "No, they are waiting for you, 0 Messenger of Allah ﷺ" He said: "Put some water in a tub for me." We did that and he performed Ghusl, then he tried to get up but he fainted. Then he came to us and said: "Have the people prayed?" We said: "No, they are waiting for you, 0 Messenger of Allah ﷺ." He said: "Put some water in a tub for me." We did that and he performed Ghusl, then he tried to get up but he fainted. Then for the third time he said the same thing. She said: The people were in the Masjid, waiting for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to lead the prayer. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent word to Abu Bakr, telling him to lead the people in prayer, so the messenger came to him and said: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ is telling you to lead the people in prayer." Abu Bakr was a tenderhearted man, he said: "0 'Umar. lead the in prayer." But ('Umar) said: "You have more right to that." So Abu Bakr led them in prayer during those days. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ felt a little better, he came with the help of two men, one of whom was Al-'Abbas, to pray Zuhr. When Abu Bakr saw him, he wanted to step back, but the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gestured to him not to step back. He told them (the two men) to seat him beside Abu Bakr, and Abu Bakr started to pray standing. The people were following the prayer of Abu Bakr and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was praying sitting."' "I ('Ubaidullah) entered upon Ibn Abbas and said 'Shall I not tell you what Aisha narrated to me about the sickness of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ?' He said: 'Yes.' So I told him and he did not deny any of it, but he said: 'Did she tell you the name of the man who was with Al-'Abbas?' I said: 'No.' He said: 'That was Ali, may Allah honor his face."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 834)   

دَخَلْتُ عَلَى عَائِشَةَ فَقُلْتُ لَهَا أَلَا تُحَدِّثِينِي عَنْ مَرَضِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ؟ قَالَتْ بَلَى ثَقُلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ «أَصَلَّى النَّاسُ؟ » فَقُلْتُ لَا هُمْ يَنْتَظِرُونَكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ «ضَعُوا لِي مَاءً فِي الْمِخْضَبِ» قَالَتْ فَفَعَلْنَا فَاغْتَسَلَ ثُمَّ ذَهَبَ لِيَنْوِيَ فَأُغْمِيَ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ أَفَاقَ فَقَالَ «أَصَلَّى النَّاسُ؟ » فَقُلْتُ لَا هُمْ يَنْتَظِرُونَكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَالنَّاسُ عُكُوفٌ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ يَنْتَظِرُونَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِصَلَاةِ الْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ قَالَتْ فَأَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ أَنْ صَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ فَأَتَاهُ الرَّسُولُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَأْمُرُكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ بِالنَّاسِ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَكَانَ رَجُلًا رَقِيقًا يَا عُمَرُ صَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ أَنْتَ أَحَقُّ بِذَلِكَ قَالَ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ تِلْكَ الْأَيَّامَ قَالَتْ ثُمَّ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَجَدَ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ خِفَّةً فَخَرَجَ بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ لِصَلَاةِ الظُّهْرِ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ قَالَتْ فَلَمَّا رَآهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ذَهَبَ لِيَتَأَخَّرَ فَأَوْمَأَ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ لَا يَتَأَخَّرَ وَقَالَ لَهُمَا «أَجْلِسَانِي إِلَى جَنْبِهِ» فَأَجْلَسَاهُ إِلَى جَنْبِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَجَعَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يُصَلِّي وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ بِصَلَاةِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَالنَّاسُ يُصَلُّونَ بِصَلَاةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَالنَّبِيُّ ﷺ قَاعِدٌ قَالَ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فَقُلْتُ أَلَا أَعْرِضُ عَلَيْكَ مَا حَدَّثَتْنِي عَائِشَةُ عَنْ مَرَضِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ؟ فَقَالَ هَاتِ فَعَرَضْتُ حَدِيثَهَا عَلَيْهِ فَمَا أَنْكَرَ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا  

It was narrated from Aisha that Abu Bakr led the people in prayer and the Messenger of Allah ﷺwas in the row. (Using translation from Nasāʾī 786)   

«أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ صَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي الصَّفِّ خَلْفَهُ»  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ fainted and then woke up and said, "Did the people pray?" We said, "No." He said, "Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer." So, I said, "O Messenger of Allah, Abu Bakr is a tender-hearted person, he will not be able to lead the people in prayer when you are not there." He said, "Aasim, and the tender-hearted person is the best of the merciful." He said, "Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer." He said that three times, and each time I replied to him. She said, "So Abu Bakr led the people in prayer." Then, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ felt a lightness in his soul, and he went out between Barirah and Nubata, and said, "I am looking at his two sandals making tracks in the sand, and I'm looking at the soles of his feet." He said to them, "Sit me next to Abu Bakr." So, when Abu Bakr saw him, he started to move aside, but he gestured to him to stay in his place. So, they made him sit next to Abu Bakr. She said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed while he was sitting, and Abu Bakr was standing, leading the people in prayer with the prayer of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and the people were praying with the prayer of Abu Bakr."  

أُغْمِيَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ أَفَاقَ فَقَالَ «أَصَلَّى النَّاسُ؟ » قُلْنَا لَا قَالَ «مُرُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَلْيُصَلِّ بِالنَّاسُ؟ » فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَجُلٌ أَسِيفٌ إِذَا قَامَ مَقَامَكَ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ بِالنَّاسِ قَالَ عَاصِمٌ وَالْأَسِيفُ الرَّقِيقُ الرَّحِيمُ قَالَ «مُرُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ بِالنَّاسِ» قَالَ ذَلِكَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ كُلُّ ذَلِكَ أَرُدُّ عَلَيْهِ قَالَتْ فَصَلَّى أَبُو بَكْرٍ بِالنَّاسِ ثُمَّ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَجَدَ خِفَّةً مِنْ نَفْسِهِ فَخَرَجَ بَيْنَ بَرِيرَةَ وَنُوبَةَ إِنِّي لَأَنْظُرُ إِلَى نَعْلَيْهِ تَخُطَّانِ فِي الْحَصَا وَأَنْظُرُ إِلَى بُطُونِ قَدَمَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُمَا «أَجْلِسَانِي إِلَى جَنْبِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ» فَلَمَّا رَآهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ذَهَبَ يَتَأَخَّرُ فَأَوْمَأَ إِلَيْهِ أَنِ اثْبُتْ مَكَانَكَ فَأَجْلَسَاهُ إِلَى جَنْبِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ قَالَتْ فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «يُصَلِّي وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ قَائِمٌ يُصَلِّي بِصَلَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَالنَّاسُ يُصَلُّونَ بِصَلَاةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ»  

"Messenger of Allah performed Salat behind Abu Bakr, during the illness from which he died, and he was sitting." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 362)  

«صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي مَرَضِهِ الَّذِي مَاتَ فِيهِ خَلْفَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ قَاعِدًا»  

“When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ fell ill with the sickness that would be his last” – (One of the narrators) Abu Mu’awiyah said: “When he was overcome by sickness” – “Bilal came to tell him that it was time for prayer. He said, ‘Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer.’ We said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! Abu Bakr is a tender-hearted man, and when he takes your place he will weep and not be able to do it. Why do you not tell ‘Umar to lead the people in prayer?’ He said: ‘Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer; you are (like) the female companions of Yusuf.’” She said: “So we sent word to Abu Bakr, and he led the people in prayer. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ began to feel a little better, so he came out to the prayer, supported by two men with his feet making lines along the ground. When Abu Bakr realized that he was there, he wanted to step back, but the Prophet ﷺ gestured to him to stay where he was. Then (the two men) brought him to sit beside Abu Bakr, and Abu Bakr was following the lead of the Prophet ﷺ and the people were following Abu Bakr.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1232)   

لَمَّا مَرِضَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَرَضَهُ الَّذِي مَاتَ فِيهِ جَاءَهُ بِلَالٌ يُؤْذِنُهُ بِالصَّلَاةِ فَقَالَ «مُرُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَلْيُصَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ» قُلْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَجُلٌ أَسِيفٌ وَمَتَى يَقُمْ مَقَامَكَ يَبْكِ فَلَوْ أَمَرْتَ عُمَرَ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ بِالنَّاسِ قَالَ «مُرُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ لِيُصَلِّيَ بِالنَّاسِ» ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ «فَإِنَّكُنَّ صَوَاحِبَاتُ يُوسُفَ» قَالَتْ فَأَرْسَلْنَا إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَصَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ فَوَجَدَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ خِفَّةً فَخَرَجَ يُهَادَى بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ وَرِجْلَاهُ تَخُطَّانِ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَلَمَّا حَسَّ * بِهِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ذَهَبَ يَتَأَخَّرُ فَأَوْمَأَ إِلَيْهِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَنْ مَكَانَكَ قَالَ فَجَاءَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَجَلَسَ إِلَى جَنْبِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَأْتَمُّ بِالنَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَالنَّاسُ يَأْتَمُّونَ بِأَبِي بَكْرٍ  

[Machine] When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ felt a lightness within himself, he came and sat to the left of Abu Bakr. The Prophet ﷺ used to pray with the people while sitting, and Abu Bakr used to pray while standing.  

لَمَّا وَجَدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ خِفَّةً جَاءَ حَتَّى جَلَسَ عَنْ يَسَارِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ قَاعِدًا وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ قَائِمًا»  

“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ fell ill, and we prayed behind him while he was sitting down, and Abu Bakr was saying the Takbir so that the people could hear them. He turned to us and saw us standing, so he gestured to us to sit down. When he had said the Salam, he said: ‘You were about to do the action of the Persians and Romans, who remain standing while their kings are seated. Do not do that. Follow the lead of your Imam; if he prays standing, then pray standing, and if he prays sitting down, then pray sitting down.’” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1240)  

اشْتَكَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَصَلَّيْنَا وَرَاءَهُ وَهُوَ قَاعِدٌ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ يُكَبِّرُ يُسْمِعُ النَّاسَ تَكْبِيرَهُ قَالَ فَالْتَفَتَ إِلَيْنَا فَرَآنَا قِيَامًا فَأَشَارَ إِلَيْنَا فَقَعَدْنَا فَصَلَّيْنَا بِصَلَاتِهِ قُعُودًا فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ قَالَ «كِدْتُمْ أَنْ تَفْعَلُوا فِعْلَ فَارِسَ وَالرُّومَ يَقُومُونَ عَلَى مُلُوكِهِمْ وَهُمْ قُعُودٌ فَلَا تَفْعَلُوا ائْتَمُّوا بِإِمَامِكُمْ إِنْ صَلَّى قَائِمًا فَصَلُّوا قِيَامًا وَإِنْ صَلَّى قَاعِدًا فَصَلُّوا قُعُودًا»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed the Dhuhr prayer while sitting, with Abu Bakr behind him. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said the Takbeer, Abu Bakr also said the Takbeer and made us hear. Then, we looked around to stand up, but he gestured to us to sit. So we sat down. After he finished the prayer, he said, "You almost did something that the Persians and Romans do with their leaders. Bring your imams, for if they pray sitting, then pray sitting, and if they pray standing, then pray standing."  

صَلَّى بِنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ صَلَاةَ الظُّهْرِ وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ خَلْفَهُ فَإِذَا كَبَّرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَبَّرَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يُسْمِعُنَا قَالَ فَنَظَرَنَا قِيَامًا فَقَالَ «اجْلِسُوا» أَوْمَأَ بِذَلِكَ إِلَيْهِمْ قَالَ فَجَلَسْنَا فَلَمَّا قَضَى الصَّلَاةَ قَالَ «كِدْتُمْ تَفْعَلُوا فِعْلَ فَارِسَ وَالرُّومَ بِعُظَمَائِهِمِ ائْتَمُّوا بِأَئِمَّتِكُمْ فَإِنْ صَلُّوا جُلُوسًا فَصَلُّوا جُلُوسًا وَإِنْ صَلُّوا قِيَامًا فَصَلُّوا قِيَامًا»  

[Machine] She said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ fainted, and when he woke up, he said, "Should the call to prayer be made?" We said, "No." He said, "Ask Bilal to go ahead and start the prayer and Abu Bakr should lead the people in prayer." She said, "O Messenger of Allah, Abu Bakr is a tender-hearted man who cannot recite without crying." He looked at her and, after she finished speaking, he fainted. When he woke up, he said, "Should the call to prayer be made?" She said, "No." He said, "Ask Bilal to go ahead and start the prayer and Abu Bakr should lead the people in prayer. You, women, are like the wives of Prophet Yusuf." Then he fainted again. She said, "Bilal started the prayer and Abu Bakr led the people in prayer. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ woke up and they brought him a small mat. He saw my footprints on the ground." Aisha said, "When Abu Bakr realized that the Prophet ﷺ was coming, he wanted to move but the Prophet gestured to him to stay. Then they brought a mat for the Prophet and placed it in front of Abu Bakr."  

أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ أُغْمِيَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَلَمَّا أَفَاقَ قَالَ «هَلْ نُودِيَ بِالصَّلَاةِ؟ » فَقُلْنَا لَا فَقَالَ «مُرِي بِلَالًا فَلْيُبَادِرْ بِالصَّلَاةِ وَلْيُصَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ» قَالَتْ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَجُلٌ أَسِيفٌ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَقُومَ مَقَامَكَ قَالَتْ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيَّ حِينَ فَرَغَ مِنْ كَلَامِهِ ثُمَّ أُغْمِيَ عَلَيْهِ فَلَمَّا أَفَاقَ قَالَ «هَلْ نُودِيَ بِالصَّلَاةِ؟ » قَالَتْ فَقُلْتُ لَا قَالَ «مُرِي بِلَالًا فَلْيُنَادِ بِالصَّلَاةِ وَلْيُصَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ» قَالَتْ فَأَوْمَأَتْ إِلَى حَفْصَةَ فَقَالَتْ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَجُلٌ رَقِيقٌ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ يَقْرَأَ إِلَّا يَبْكِي قَالَ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهَا حِينَ فَرَغَتْ مِنْ كَلَامِهَا ثُمَّ أُغْمِيَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَلَمَّا أَفَاقَ قَالَ «هَلْ نُودِيَ بِالصَّلَاةِ؟ » قَالَتْ فَقُلْتُ لَا فَقَالَ «مُرِي بِلَالًا فَلْيُنَادِ بِالصَّلَاةِ وَلْيُصَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَإِنَّكُنَّ صَوَاحِبَاتُ يُوسُفَ» ثُمَّ أُغْمِيَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَتْ فَأَقَامَ بِلَالٌ الصَّلَاةَ وَصَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ثُمَّ أَفَاقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَجَاءَ بِنُوبَةَ وَبَرِيرَةَ فَاحْتَمَلَاهُ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ فَكَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى أَصَابِعِ قَدَمَيْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ تَخُطُّ فِي الْأَرْضِ قَالَتْ فَلَمَّا أَحَسَّ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بِمَجِيءِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَسْتَأْخِرَ فَأَوْمَأَ إِلَيْهِ أَنْ يَثْبُتَ قَالَتْ وَجِيءَ بِنَبِيِّ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَوُضِعَ بِحِذَاءِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فِي الصَّفِّ  

"In the last prayer that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed with the people, he prayed wrapped up in a single garment, behind Abu Bakr." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 785)   

«آخِرُ صَلَاةٍ صَلَّاهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَعَ الْقَوْمِ فِي ثَوْبٍ وَاحِدٍ مُتَوَشِّحًا بِهِ يُرِيدُ قَاعِدًا خَلْفَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ»  

"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent an expedition force [comprised] of many, and he asked each what he could recite, so each one of them mentioned what he could recite - meaning what he had memorized of the Qur'an. He came to one of the youngest men among them and said: 'What have you memorized O so-and-so?' He said: 'I memorized this and that and Surat Al-Baqarah.' He said: 'You memorized Surat Al-Baqarah?' He said: "Yes.' He said: "Then go, for you are their commander.' A man among their chief said: 'By Allah [O Messenger of Allah]! Nothing prevented me from learning Surat Al-Baqarah except fearing that I would not be able to stand with (in voluntary night prayer).' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Learn the Qur'an to recite it, for indeed the parable of the Qur'an for the one who recites it and stands with it (in prayer) is that of a bag full of musk whose scent fills the air all around. And the parable of the one who learns it then sleeps while it is in his memory is that of a bag containing musk that is tied shut.'" (Using translation from Tirmidhī 2876)   

بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَعْثًا وَهُمْ نَفَرٌ فَدَعَاهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ «مَاذَا مَعَكُمْ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ؟ » فَاسْتَقْرَأَهُمْ حَتَّى مَرَّ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ هُوَ مِنْ أَحْدَثِهِمْ سِنًّا فَقَالَ «مَاذَا مَعَكَ يَا فُلَانُ؟ » قَالَ مَعِي كَذَا وَكَذَا وَسُورَةُ الْبَقَرَةِ قَالَ «مَعَكَ سُورَةُ الْبَقَرَةِ؟ » قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ «اذْهَبْ فَأَنْتَ أَمِيرُهُمْ» فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَشْرَفِهِمْ وَالَّذِي كَذَا وَكَذَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا يَمْنَعُنِي أَنْ أَتَعَلَّمَ الْقُرْآنَ إِلَّا خَشْيَةَ أَنْ لَا أَقُومَ بِهِ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «تَعَلَّمِ الْقُرْآنَ وَاقْرَأْهُ وَارْقُدْ فَإِنَّ مَثَلَ الْقُرْآنِ لِمَنْ تَعَلَّمَهُ فَقَرَأَهُ وَقَامَ بِهِ كَمَثَلِ جِرَابٍ مَحْشُوٍّ مِسْكًا يَفُوحُ رِيحُهُ عَلَى كُلِّ مَكَانٍ وَمَنْ تَعَلَّمَهُ فَرْقَدَ وَهُوَ فِي جَوْفِهِ كَمَثَلِ جِرَابٍ وُكِئَ عَلَى مِسْكٍ»  

"The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to me and to a companion of mine: 'When the time for prayer comes, let the two of you call the Adhan then the two of you say Iqamah, then let one of you lead the prayer.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 669)   

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَهُ وَلِصَاحِبٍ لَهُ «إِذَا حَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَأَذِّنَا ثُمَّ أَقِيمَا ثُمَّ لِيَؤُمَّكُمَا أَكْبَرُكُمَا»  

"The Messenger of Allah ﷺsaid: 'If there are three people, let one of them lead the others in prayer, and the one who has the most right to lead the prayer is the one who recites (knows) the most (Qur'an)."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 840)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِذَا كُنْتُمْ ثَلَاثَةً فِي سَفَرٍ فَلْيَؤُمَّكُمْ أَحَدُكُمْ وَأَحَقَّكُمْ بِالْإِمَامَةِ أَقْرَؤُكُمْ»  

"The Messenger of Allah ﷺsaid: 'Let the one who has most knowledge of the Book of Allah lead the people in prayer. If they are equal in terms of knowledge of the Qur'h, let the one who emigrated first (lead them). If they are equal in terms of emigration, let the one who has more knowledge of the Sunnah, (lead them). If they are equal in terms of knowledge of the Sunnah, let the one who is oldest (lead them). Do not lead a man in prayer in his place of authority, and do not sit in his place of honor, unless he gives you permission."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 780)  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «يَؤُمُّ الْقَوْمَ أَقْرَؤُهُمْ لِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي الْقِرَاءَةِ سَوَاءً فَأَعْلَمُهُمْ بِالسُّنَّةِ فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي السُّنَّةِ سَوَاءً فَأَقْدَمُهُمْ هِجْرَةً فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي الْهِجْرَةِ سَوَاءً فَأَقْدَمُهُمْ سِنًّا وَلَا يَؤُمَّنَّ الرَّجُلُ الرَّجُلَ فِي سُلْطَانِهِ وَلَا يَقْعُدُ عَلَى تَكْرِمَتِهِ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ»  

The Prophet ﷺ appointed Ubn Umm Makthum as a governor of Medina (in his absence) twice. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2931)   

«أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ اسْتَخْلَفَ ابْنَ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ»  

The Prophet ﷺ appointed Ubn Umm Makthum as a governor of Medina (in his absence) twice. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2931)   

«أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ اسْتَخْلَفَ ابْنَ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ»  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: When any one of you leads people in prayer, he must shorten it for among them are the weak, the infirm and those who have business to attend. (Using translation from Muslim 467c)  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِذَا صَلَّى أَحَدُكُمْ بِالنَّاسِ فَلْيُخَفِّفْ فَإِنَّ فِي النَّاسِ الضَّعِيفَ وَالسَّقِيمَ وَذَا الْحَاجَةِ»  

“A man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: ‘O Messenger of Allah! I stay behind and do not perform the morning prayer (in congregation) because of so-and-so, for he makes it too long for us.’ I never saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ preaching with such anger as he did that day. He said; ‘O people! There are among you those who repel others. Whoever among you leads others in prayer, let him keep it short, for among them are those who are weak and elderly, and those who have pressing needs.’” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 984)   

جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأَتَأَخَّرُ عَنْ صَلَاةِ الْغَدَاةِ مِمَّا يُطِيلُ بِنَا فُلَانٌ فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَمَا رَأَيْتُهُ فِي مَوْعِظَةٍ أَشَدَّ غَضَبًا مِنْهُ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَقَالَ «أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ مِنْكُمْ مُنَفِّرِينَ فَأَيُّكُمْ مَا صَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ فَلْيَتَجَوَّزْ فَإِنَّ فِيهِمُ الضَّعِيفَ وَالْكَبِيرَ وَذَا الْحَاجَةِ»  

[Machine] He heard Anas ibn Malik saying, "I have never prayed behind an imam who performs the prayer more perfectly and completely than the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ."  

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ يَقُولُ «مَا صَلَّيْتُ خَلْفَ إِمَامٍ قَطُّ أَخَفَّ صَلَاةً وَلَا أَتَمَّ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ»  

“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: ‘I start prayer and I want to make it long, but then I hear an infant crying, so I make my prayer short, because I know the distress caused to the mother by his crying.’” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 989)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنِّي لَأَدْخُلُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُطِيلَهَا فَأَسْمَعَ بُكَاءَ الصَّبِيِّ فَأُخَفِّفَ مِمَّا أَعْلَمُ مِنْ شِدَّةِ وَجْدِ أُمِّهِ بِهِ»  

[Machine] Saad's age revealed to the people of Kufa in everything, even in prayer. He said, "I prolong the first two units and shorten the last two, and they did not do the same in the prayer of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ." That is their suspicion of you.  

عُمَرُ لِسَعْدٍ قَدْ شَكَاكَ أَهْلُ الْكُوفَةِ فِي كُلِّ شَيْءٍ حَتَّى فِي الصَّلَاةِ فَقَالَ «أُطِيلُ الْأُولَيَيْنِ وأَحْذِمُ فِي الْأُخْرَيَيْنِ وَمَا آلُو مِنْ صَلَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ» فَقَالَ ذَاكَ الظَّنُّ بِكَ  

I prayed with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he lengthened it till I entertained an evil thought. It was said to him what that thought was. He said: I thought that I should sit down and forsake him. (Using translation from Muslim 773a)  

«صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَطَالَ حَتَّى هَمَمْتُ بِأَمْرِ سُوءٍ» قَالَ قِيلَ وَمَا هَمَمْتَ بِهِ؟ قَالَ هَمَمْتُ أَنْ أَجْلِسَ وَأَدَعَهُ  

"By Allah, I know what it is made of. I saw it the first day it was set up and the first day the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sat on it. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent word to so-and-so" - a woman whose name Sahl mentioned - "telling her: 'Tell your carpenter slave to make me something of wood that I can sit on when I speak to the people.' So she told him, and he made it from tamarisk wood from Al-Ghabah (a place near Al-Madinah). Then he brought it and it was sent to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, who commanded that it be set up here. Then I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ascend it and praying on it, and saying the Takbir while he was on top of it, then he bowed when he was on top of it, then he came down backward and prostrated at the base of the Minbar, then he went back. When he had finished he turned to face the people and said: 'O people, I only did this so that you can follow me in prayer and learn how I pray.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 739)  

وَاللَّهِ لَأَعْرِفُ مِمَّ هُوَ وَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ أَوَّلَ يَوْمٍ جَلَسَ عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى فُلَانَةً امْرَأَةٌ سَمَّاهَا سَهْلٌ أَنْ مُرِي غُلَامَكِ النَّجَّارَ أَنْ يَعْمَلَ لِي أَعْوَادًا أَجْلِسُ عَلَيْهَا إِذَا كَلَّمْتُ النَّاسَ فَأَمَرَتْهُ فَعَمِلَهَا مِنْ طَرْفَاءِ الْغَابَةِ ثُمَّ جَاءَ بِهَا فَأَرْسَلَتْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَمَرَ بِهَا فَوَضَعَتْ هَاهُنَا ثُمَّ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ صَلَّى عَلَيْهَا وَكَبَّرَ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهَا وَرَكَعَ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهَا وَرَفَعَ وَهُوَ عَلَيْهَا وَتَوَلَّى الْقَهْقَرِيَ فَسَجَدَ وَرَقَى عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ ثُمَّ عَادَ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى النَّاسِ فَقَالَ «يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّمَا صَنَعْتُ هَذَا لِتَأْتَمُّوا وَلِتَعْلَمُوا صَلَاتِي»  

[Machine] The translation of the given text is:

The messenger of Allah ﷺ was with a group of his companions and he said, "Do you not know that I am the messenger of Allah to you?" They said, "Yes, we testify that you are the messenger of Allah." He said, "Do you not know that whoever obeys me has indeed obeyed Allah, and whoever disobeys me has indeed disobeyed Allah?" They said, "Yes, we testify that whoever obeys you has indeed obeyed Allah, and whoever disobeys you has indeed disobeyed Allah." He said, "Verily, from the obedience to Allah is to obey me, and from my obedience is to obey your rulers even if they are sitting while leading the prayer, so you should also sit."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَانَ فِي نَفَرٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ «أَلَسْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَيْكُمْ؟ » قَالُوا بَلَى نَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ قَالَ «أَلَسْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّهُ مَنْ أَطَاعَنِي فَقَدْ أَطَاعَ اللَّهَ وَمِنْ طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ طَاعَتِي؟ » قَالُوا بَلَى نَشْهَدُ أَنَّهُ مَنْ أَطَاعَكَ فَقَدْ أَطَاعَ اللَّهَ وَمِنْ طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ طَاعَتُكَ قَالَ «فَإِنَّ مِنْ طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ أَنْ تُطِيعُونِي وَمِنْ طَاعَتِي أَنْ تُطِيعُوا أُمَرَاءَكُمْ وَإِنْ صَلُّوا قُعُودًا فَصَلُّوا قُعُودًا»  

[Machine] "To obey your leaders."  

أَنْ تُطِيعُوا أَئِمَّتَكُمْ»  

“The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: ‘The people should be lead by the one who is most well-Versed in recitation of the Book of Allah. If they are equal in recitation, then they should be led by the one who emigrated first. If they are equal in emigration, then they should be led by the eldest. A man should not be led among his family or in his place of authority; no one should be sat in his place of honor in his house without permission, or without his permission.’” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 980)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «يَؤُمُّ الْقَوْمَ أَقْرَؤُهُمْ لِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي الْقِرَاءَةِ سَوَاءً فَأَعْلَمُهُمْ بِالسُّنَّةِ فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي السُّنَّةِ سَوَاءً فَأَقْدَمُهُمْ هِجْرَةً فَإِنْ كَانُوا فِي الْهِجْرَةِ سَوَاءً فَأَكْبَرُهُمْ سِنًّا وَلَا يُؤَمَّ الرَّجُلُ فِي سُلْطَانِهِ وَلَا يُجْلَسَ عَلَى تَكْرِمَتِهِ فِي بَيْتِهِ حَتَّى يَأْذَنَ لَهُ»  

"I came to the Prophet ﷺ with a cousin of mine" - on an another occasion he said: "with a companion of mine" - "and he said: 'When the two of you travel, call the Adhan and the Iqamah, and let the older of you lead the prayer.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 634)   

أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَنَا وَصَاحِبٌ لِي فَقَالَ «إِذَا صَلَّيْتُمَا فَأَذِّنَا وَأَقِيمَا وَلْيَؤُمَّكُمَا أَكْبَرُكُمَا»  

[Machine] The Prophet peace be upon him said to me and my fellow companion, "When you both go out, let one of you give the call to prayer and let the other one lead and make you both the imam (prayer leader), the one with the loudest voice among you."  

قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لِي وَلِصَاحِبٍ لِي «إِذَا خَرَجْتُمَا فَلْيُؤَذِّنْ أَحَدَكُمَا وَلْيَقُمْ وَلْيَؤُمَّكُمَا أَكْبَرُكُمَا»  

"We came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and we were young men close in age. He let us stay with him for twenty days. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was merciful and compassionate, and he thought that we were missing our families; he asked us about those whom we had left behind of our families, so we told him, and he said: 'Go back to your families, stay with them and teach them. Tell them when the time for prayer comes; let one of you call the Adhan and let the oldest of you lead the prayer.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 635)  

أَتَيْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَنَحْنُ شَبَبَةٌ مُتَقَارِبُونَ فَأَقَمْنَا عِنْدَهُ عِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً فَظَنَّ أَنَّا قَدِ اشْتَقْنَا إِلَى أَهْلِينَا سَأَلَنَا عَمَّنْ تَرَكْنَا فِي أَهْلِنَا فَأَخْبَرْنَاهُ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَحِيمًا رَفِيقًا فَقَالَ «ارْجِعُوا إِلَى أَهْلِيكُمْ فَعَلِّمُوهُمْ وَمُرُوهُمْ وَصَلُّوا كَمَا رَأَيْتُمُونِي أُصَلِّي فَإِذَا حَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَلْيُؤَذِّنْ أَحَدُكُمْ وَلْيَؤُمَّكُمْ أَكْبَرُكُمْ»