I attended Fajr prayer with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in Masjid al-Khayf. When he finished praying, he saw two men at the back of the people who had not prayed with him. He said: “Bring them here.” So they were brought to him, trembling. He said: “What kept you from praying with us?” They said: ‘O Messenger of Allah ﷺ we had already prayed in our homes.' He said: “Do not do that. If you have already prayed in your homes, then you come to a masjid in which there is a congregation, then pray with them, and it will be a voluntary prayer for you." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 858)   

شَهِدْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَجَّتَهُ فَصَلَّيْتُ مَعَهُ صَلَاةَ الصُّبْحِ فِي مَسْجِدِ الْخَيْفِ مِنْ مِنًى فَلَمَّا قَضَى صَلَاتَهُ إِذَا رَجُلَانِ فِي آخِرِ النَّاسِ لَمْ يُصَلِّيَا فَأُتِيَ بِهِمَا تَرْعَدُ فَرَائِصُهُمَا فَقَالَ «مَا مَنَعَكُمَا أَنْ تُصَلِّيَا مَعَنَا؟ » قَالَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ كُنَّا قَدْ صَلَّيْنَا فِي رِحَالِنَا قَالَ «فَلَا تَفْعَلَا إِذَا صَلَّيْتُمَا فِي رِحَالِكُمَا ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُمَا مَسْجِدَ جَمَاعَةٍ فَصَلِّيَا مَعَهُمْ فَإِنَّهَا لَكُمْ نَافِلَةٌ»  

[Machine] I have prayed, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ has forbidden us from repeating prayers on the same day.  

إِنِّي قَدْ صَلَّيْتُ «وَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَانَا أَنْ نُعِيدَ صَلَاةً فِي يَوْمٍ مَرَّتَيْنِ»  

[Machine] A man entered the mosque and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had already prayed. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever wants to give charity for this, let them pray with him."  

دَخَلَ رَجُلٌ الْمَسْجِدَ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ صَلَّى فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَلَا مَنْ يَتَصَدَّقُ عَلَى هَذَا فَلْيُصَلِّ مَعَهُ»  

[Machine] A man entered the mosque and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had already prayed. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever would like to give charity for this person to pray with him?"  

دَخَلَ رَجُلٌ الْمَسْجِدَ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ صَلَّى فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَلَا مَنْ يَتَصَدَّقُ عَلَى هَذَا فَيُصَلِّيَ مَعَهُ»  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ prayed with his companions, then a man came and said, "Prophet of Allah ﷺ, who will give charity to this person so that he can pray with him."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ صَلَّى بِأَصْحَابِهِ ثُمَّ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَنْ يَتَصَدَّقُ عَلَى هَذَا فَيُصَلِّيَ مَعَهُ»  

[Machine] Muadh ibn Jabal used to pray with the Prophet ﷺ and then go back to his people and lead them in prayer. One night, the Prophet ﷺ delayed the Isha prayer, and Muadh ibn Jabal prayed with him, then returned to us and led us in prayer. He started reciting Surat Al-Baqarah, and when a man from the people saw this, he stepped aside and prayed by himself, then left. We asked him, "What happened, O so and so? Did you pretend or do nifāq (hypocrisy)?" He replied, "I did not pretend or do nifāq, but I will inform the Prophet ﷺ about this." So he went to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah, Muadh prays with you and then goes back and leads us in prayer. Also, you delayed Isha prayer last night and Muadh prayed with you, then came back and led us in prayer. He started reciting Surat Al-Baqarah, and when I saw that, I stepped aside and prayed alone." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Is it that you, O Muadh, who caused fitnah? Is it that you, O Muadh, who caused fitnah? Recite Surat such and such and Surat such and such."  

كَانَ مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ يُصَلِّي مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ ثُمَّ يَرْجِعُ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ فَيَؤُمُّهُمْ قَالَ فَأَخَّرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الْعِشَاءَ ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ فَصَلَّى مَعَهُ مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَيْنَا فَتَقَدَّمَ لَيَؤُمَّنَا فَافْتَتَحَ سُورَةَ الْبَقَرَةِ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ تَنَحَّى فَصَلَّى وَحْدَهُ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ فَقُلْنَا لَهُ مَا لَكَ يَا فُلَانُ أَنَافَقْتَ؟ قَالَ مَا نَافَقْتُ وَلَآتِيَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَلَأُخْبِرَنَّهُ فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ مُعَاذًا يُصَلِّي مَعَكَ ثُمَّ يَرْجِعُ فَيَؤُمُّنَا وَإِنَّكَ أَخَّرْتَ الْعِشَاءَ الْبَارِحَةَ فَصَلَّى مَعَكَ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَيْنَا فَتَقَدَّمَ لَيَؤُمَّنَا فَافْتَتَحَ سُورَةَ الْبَقَرَةِ فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُ ذَلِكَ تَنَحَّيْتُ فَصَلَّيْتُ وَحْدِي أَيْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَإِنَّمَا نَحْنُ أَصْحَابُ نَوَاضِحَ وَإِنَّمَا نَعْمَلُ بِأَيْدِينَا فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «أَفَتَّانٌ أَنْتَ يَا مُعَاذُ؟ أَفَتَّانٌ أَنْتَ يَا مُعَاذُ؟ اقْرَأْ بِسُورَةِ كَذَا وَسُورَةِ كَذَا»  

[Machine] Mu'adh bin Jabal used to pray the Isha prayer with the Prophet ﷺ and then he would go to his people and lead them in prayer.  

«كَانَ مُعَاذُ بْنُ جَبَلٍ يُصَلِّي مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ صَلَاةَ الْعِشَاءِ ثُمَّ يَنْصَرِفُ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ فَيُصَلِّيهَا لَهُمْ وَكَانَ إِمَامَهُمْ»  

[Machine] I heard Jabir say, "Mu'adh was the son of a mountain and used to pray with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and then lead his people in prayer."  

سَمِعْتُ جَابِرًا يَقُولُ «كَانَ مُعَاذٌ وَهُوَ ابْنُ جَبَلٍ يُصَلِّي مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ يَرْجِعُ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ فَيَؤُمُّهُمْ»  

[Machine] "Muaadh used to pray the last night prayer with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , then he would leave and pray that prayer with his people."  

«أَنَّ مُعَاذًا كَانَ يُصَلِّي مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ صَلَاةَ الْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ ثُمَّ يَنْصَرِفُ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ فَيُصَلِّي بِهِمْ تِلْكَ الصَّلَاةَ»  

[Machine] "Muadh used to pray with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, then he would return and lead his people in prayer, performing that prayer along with them."  

«كَانَ مُعَاذٌ يُصَلِّي مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ يَرْجِعُ فَيَؤُمُّ قَوْمَهُ فَيُصَلِّي بِهِمْ تِلْكَ الصَّلَاةَ»  

"What kept you from praying? Are you not a Muslim man?" He said: "Yes, but I had already prayed with my family." The Messenger of Allah ﷺsaid to him: "When you come you should pray with the people even if you have already prayed." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 857)   

أَنَّهُ كَانَ فِي مَجْلِسٍ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُصَلِّي ثُمَّ رَجَعَ وَمِحْجَنٌ فِي مَجْلِسِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ مَعَ النَّاسِ أَلَسْتَ بِرَجُلٍ مُسْلِمٍ؟ » قَالَ بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَلَكِنِّي قَدْ كُنْتُ صَلَّيْتُ فِي أَهْلِي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِذَا جِئْتَ فَصَلِّ مَعَ النَّاسِ وَإِنْ كُنْتَ قَدْ صَلَّيْتَ»  

"Ziyad delayed the prayer, then Ibn Samit came to me and I gave him a chair and he sat on it. I told him what Ziyad had done and he bit his lip (in disapproval), and he struck me on the thigh and said: 'I asked Abu Dharr the same question you asked me, and he struck me on the thigh as I struck you on the thigh and said: I asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ the same question as you have asked me and he struck me on the thigh as I have struck you on the thigh and said: Offer the prayer on time, and if you catch up with them, then pray with them, and do not say: 'I have already prayed so I will not pray(now)."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 778)   

وَقَالَ إِنِّي سَأَلْتُ أَبَا ذَرٍّ فَضَرَبَ فَخِذِي كَمَا ضَرَبْتُ فَخِذَكَ فَقَالَ إِنِّي سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَمَا سَأَلْتَنِي وَضَرَبَ فَخِذِي كَمَا ضَرَبْتُ فَخِذَكَ فَقَالَ «صَلِّ الصَّلَاةَ لِوَقْتِهَا فَإِنْ أَدْرَكْتَ مَعَهُمْ فَصَلِّ وَلَا تَقُلْ إِنِّي قَدْ صَلَّيْتُ فَلَا أُصَلِّي»