9. Book of Ṣalāh
٩۔ كِتَابُ الصَّلَاةِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "We were favored over the people in three ways: The entire earth has been made a mosque for us, and its soil has been made pure for us; our rows of prayer have been made like the rows of angels, and I have been given these verses from the end of Surah Al-Baqarah as a treasure beneath the Throne that no one before me has been given, and no one after me will be given."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «فُضِّلْنَا عَلَى النَّاسِ بِثَلَاثٍ جُعِلَتِ الْأَرْضُ كُلُّهَا مَسْجِدًا وَجُعِلَ تُرْبَتُهَا لَنَا طَهُورًا وَجُعِلَتْ صُفُوفُنَا كَصُفُوفِ الْمَلَائِكَةِ وَأُوتِيتُ هَؤُلَاءِ الْآيَاتِ مِنْ آخِرِ سُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ مِنْ كَنْزٍ تَحْتَ الْعَرْشِ لَمْ يُعْطَهُ أَحَدٌ قَبْلِي وَلَا يُعْطَى أَحَدٌ بَعْدِي»
ذِكْرُ وَصْفِ التَّخْصِيصِ الْأَوَّلِ الَّذِي يَخُصُّ عُمُومَ تِلْكَ اللَّفْظَةِ الَّتِي تَقَدَّمَ ذِكْرُنَا لَهَا
It was narrated from Abu Sa’eed that the Prophet ﷺ forbade building structures over graves. (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1564)
«أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ نَهَى أَنْ يُصَلَّى بَيْنَ الْقُبُورِ»
ذِكْرُ التَّخْصِيصِ الثَّانِي الَّذِي يَخُصُّ عُمُومَ اللَّفْظَةِ الَّتِي ذَكَرْنَاهَا قَبْلُ
"The Messenger of Allah said: 'All the earth is a mosque, except for graveyards and Hammam.'" (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 745)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «الْأَرْضُ كُلُّهَا مَسْجِدٌ إِلَّا الْحَمَّامَ وَالْمَقْبَرَةَ»
9.9.3 Subsection
٩۔٩۔٣ ذِكْرُ التَّخْصِيصِ الثَّالِثِ الَّذِي يَخُصُّ عُمُومَ قَوْلِهِ ﷺ جُعِلَتِ الْأَرْضُ كُلُّهَا مَسْجِدًا
The Messenger of Allah said: "If you cannot find anywhere (for prayer) except sheep's resting-places and camels' resting-places, then perform prayer in the sheep's resting-places and do not perform prayer in the camels' resting-places." (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 768)
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «إِذَا لَمْ تَجِدُوا إِلَّا مَرَابِضَ الْغَنَمِ وَمَعَاطِنَ الْإِبِلِ فَصَلُّوا فِي مَرَابِضِ الْغَنَمِ وَلَا تُصَلُّوا فِي أَعْطَانِ الْإِبِلِ»
The Messenger of Allah said: "If you cannot find anywhere (for prayer) except sheep's resting-places and camels' resting-places, then perform prayer in the sheep's resting-places and do not perform prayer in the camels' resting-places." (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 768)
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «إِذَا لَمْ تَجِدُوا إِلَّا مَرَابِضَ الْغَنَمِ وَمَعَاطِنَ الْإِبِلِ فَصَلُّوا فِي مَرَابِضِ الْغَنَمِ وَلَا تُصَلُّوا فِي أَعْطَانِ الْإِبِلِ» *
9.9 [Machine] Conditions of Prayer
٩۔٩ بَابُ شُرُوطِ الصَّلَاةِ
ذِكْرُ خَبَرٍ قَدْ يُوهِمُ مَنْ لَمْ يُحْكِمْ صِنَاعَةَ الْحَدِيثِ أَنَّ الزَّجْرَ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي أَعْطَانِ الْإِبِلِ إِنَّمَا زَجْرٌ لِأَنَّهَا مِنَ الشَّيَاطِينِ خُلِقَتْ
"The Prophet said: 'Perform prayer in the sheep's resting-places and do not perform prayer in the camels' resting-places, for they were created from the devils." (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 769)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «صَلُّوا فِي مَرَابِضِ الْغَنَمِ وَلَا تُصَلُّوا فِي مَعَاطِنِ الْإِبِلِ فَإِنَّهَا خُلِقَتْ مِنَ الشَّيَاطِينِ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ قَوْلَهُ ﷺ «فَإِنَّهَا خُلِقَتْ مِنَ الشَّيَاطِينِ» لَفْظَةٌ أَطْلَقَهَا عَلَى الْمُجَاوَرَةِ لَا عَلَى الْحَقِيقَةِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allahﷺ said: "On the back of every camel, there is a devil. Therefore, when you ride it, say the name of Allah and do not neglect your needs."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «عَلَى ظَهْرِ كُلِّ بَعِيرٍ شَيْطَانٌ فَإِذَا رَكِبْتُمُوهَا فَسَمُّوا اللَّهَ وَلَا تَقْصُرُوا عَنْ حَاجَاتِكُمْ»
ذِكْرُ خَبَرٍ ثَانٍ يُصَرِّحُ بِأَنَّ الزَّجْرَ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ فِي أَعْطَانِ الْإِبِلِ لَمْ يَكُنْ ذَلِكَ لِأَجَلِ كَوْنِ الشَّيْطَانِ فِيهَا
“I was with Ibn ‘Umar and I lagged behind and prayed Witr. He said: ‘What kept you?’ I said: ‘I was praying Witr.’ He said: ‘Do you not have the best of examples in the Messenger of Allah ﷺ?’ I said: ‘Of course.’ He said: ‘The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to pray Witr while riding his camel.’” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1200)
أَلَيْسَ لَكَ فِي رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أُسْوَةٌ؟ فَقُلْتُ بَلَى وَاللَّهِ قَالَ «فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَانَ يُوتِرُ عَلَى الْبَعِيرِ»
ذِكْرُ نَفْيِ قَبُولِ الصَّلَاةِ بِغَيْرِ وُضُوءٍ لِمَنْ أَحْدَثَ
The Prophet ﷺ said: Allah does not accept charity from goods acquired by embezzlement as He does not accept prayer without purification. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 59)
أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَقُولُ «لَا يَقْبَلُ اللَّهُ صَلَاةً بِغَيْرِ طُهُورٍ وَلَا صَدَقَةً مِنْ غُلُولٍ»
ذِكْرُ الْإِبَاحَةِ لِلْمَرْءِ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ الصَّلَوَاتِ الْخَمْسَ بِوَضُوءٍ وَاحِدٍ مَا لَمْ يُحْدِثْ بَيْنَهَا
[Machine] "The Prophet ﷺ performed ablution and wiped over his socks, then prayed all the prayers with the same ablution."
«أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ تَوَضَّأَ وَمَسَحَ عَلَى خُفَّيْهِ وَصَلَّى الصَّلَوَاتِ كُلَّهَا بِوَضُوءٍ وَاحِدٍ»
ذِكْرُ الْوَقْتِ الَّذِي صَلَّى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فِيهِ الصَّلَوَاتِ الْخَمْسَ بِوَضُوءٍ وَاحِدٍ
"The Messenger of Allah used to perform ablution for every prayer, and we used to perform all of the prayers with one ablution." (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 509)
«كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَتَوَضَّأُ لِكُلِّ صَلَاةٍ فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ صَلَّى الصَّلَوَاتِ كُلَّهَا بِوَضُوءٍ وَاحِدٍ»
ذِكْرُ السَّبَبِ الَّذِي مِنْ أَجْلِهِ فَعَلَ ﷺ مَا وَصَفْنَا
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ performed five prayers with the same ablution of the occasion of the capture of Mecca, and he wiped over his socks. ‘Umar said to him(the Prophet): I saw you doing a thing today that you never did. He said: I did it deliberately. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 172)
«صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الصَّلَوَاتِ كُلَّهَا يَوْمَ فَتْحِ مَكَّةَ بِوَضُوءٍ وَاحِدٍ وَمَسَحَ عَلَى خُفَّيْهِ» فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ إِنِّي رَأَيْتُكَ الْيَوْمَ صَنَعْتَ شَيْئًا لَمْ تَكُنْ تَصْنَعُهُ قَبْلَ الْيَوْمِ قَالَ «عَمْدًا فَعَلْتُ يَا عُمَرُ»
ذِكْرُ الْإِبَاحَةِ لِلْمُعْدَمِ الْمَاءَ وَالصَّعِيدِ مَعًا أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ مِنْ غَيْرِ وُضُوءٍ وَلَا تَيَمُّمٍ
She borrowed a necklace from Asma', and she lost it. The Prophet sent some people to look for it, and the time for prayer came so they prayed without ablution. When they came to the Prophet they complained to him about that, then the Verse of dry ablution was revealed. Usaid bin Hudair said: "May Allah reward you with good, for by Allah, nothing ever happens to you but Allah grants you a way out and blesses the Muslims thereby." (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 568)
«أَنَّهَا اسْتَعَارَتْ قِلَادَةً مِنْ أَسْمَاءَ فَهَلَكَتْ فَأَرْسَلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ نَاسًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فِي طَلَبِهَا وَأَدْرَكَتْهُمُ الصَّلَاةُ فَصَلُّوا بِغَيْرِ وُضُوءٍ فَلَمَّا أَتَوَا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ شَكَوْا ذَلِكَ إِلَيْهِ قَالَ فَنَزَلَتْ آيَةُ التَّيَمُّمِ» فَقَالَ أُسَيْدُ بْنُ حُضَيْرٍ «جَزَاكَ اللَّهُ خَيْرًا فَوَاللَّهِ مَا نَزَلَ بِكَ أَمْرٌ قَطُّ إِلَّا جَعَلَ اللَّهُ لَكَ مِنْهُ مَخْرَجًا وَجَعَلَ فِيهِ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ بَرَكَةً»
ذِكْرُ الْأَمْرِ بِتَغْطِيَةِ فَخِذِهِ إِذِ الْفَخِذُ عَوْرَةٌ
[Machine] "The Prophet ﷺ passed by him while his thigh was uncovered and said, 'Cover it, for it is a private part.'"
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ مَرَّ بِهِ وَقَدْ كَشَفَ فَخِذَهُ فَقَالَ «غَطِّهَا فَإِنَّهَا عَوْرَةٌ»
9.9.13 Subsection
٩۔٩۔١٣ ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ أَنْ تُصَلِّيَ الْحُرَّةُ الْبَالِغَةُ مِنْ غَيْرِ خِمَارٍ يَكُونُ عَلَى رَأْسِهَا
The Prophet said: "Allah does not accept the prayer of a woman who menstruates (i.e., an adult woman) except with a head cover." (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 655)
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «لَا يَقْبَلُ اللَّهُ صَلَاةَ حَائِضٍ إِلَّا بِخِمَارٍ»
[Machine] And he said, "The prayer of a menstruating woman is not valid except with a head covering."
وَقَالَ « صَلَاةَ امْرَأَةٍ حَائِضٍ إِلَّا بِخِمَارٍ»
9.9 [Machine] Conditions of Prayer
٩۔٩ بَابُ شُرُوطِ الصَّلَاةِ
ذِكْرُ الْأَمْرِ بِالصَّلَاةِ فِي ثَوْبَيْنِ إِذَا قَصَدَ الْمُصَلِّي أَدَاءَ فَرْضِهِ
[Machine] Regarding the Prophet ﷺ, he said, "When one of you prays, let them wear an izar and cover their shoulders."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «إِذَا صَلَّى أَحَدُكُمْ فَلْيَتَّزِرْ وَلْيَرْتَدِ»
9.9.15 Subsection
٩۔٩۔١٥ ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الْأَمْرَ بِالصَّلَاةِ فِي ثَوْبَيْنِ إِنَّمَا أَمَرَ لِمَنْ وَسَّعَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ، وَإِنْ كَانَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فِي ثَوْبٍ وَاحِدٍ مُجْزِئَةً
[Machine] A man asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , "Should one of us pray in one garment?" He said, "If Allah has granted you enough, then adorn yourselves. A man once prayed in a wraparound garment, a robe over a wraparound garment, a shirt over a wraparound garment, a tunic over trousers, a shirt over trousers, a robe over trousers, and a lower garment over an upper garment." He said, "And I believe he mentioned a lower garment and a robe over it."
سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَيُصَلِّي أَحَدُنَا فِي الثَّوْبِ الْوَاحِدِ؟ قَالَ «إِذَا وَسَّعَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَأَوْسِعُوا عَلَى أَنْفُسِكُمْ جَمَعَ رَجُلٌ عَلَيْهِ ثِيَابَهُ صَلَّى رَجُلٌ فِي إِزَارٍ وَرِدَاءٍ فِي إِزَارٍ وَقَمِيصٍ فِي إِزَارٍ وَقَبَاءٍ فِي سَرَاوِيلَ وَقَمِيصٍ فِي سَرَاوِيلَ وَرِدَاءٍ فِي سَرَاوِيلَ وَقَبَاءٍ فِي تُبَّانٍ وَقَمِيصٍ فِي تُبَّانٍ وَقَبَاءٍ» قَالَ وَأَحْسَبُهُ فِي تُبَّانٍ وَرِدَاءٍ
"While the people were in Quba', praying the Subh prayer, someone came to them and said that revelation had come to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ the night before, and he has been commanded to face the Ka'bah. So they turned around, and they has been facing toward Ash-Sham, but now they turned to face toward the Ka'bah." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 493)
بَيْنَمَا النَّاسُ بِقُبَاءَ فِي صَلَاةِ الصُّبْحِ إِذْ جَاءَهُمْ آتٍ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ «إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْهِ اللَّيْلَةَ قُرْآنٌ وَقَدْ أُمِرَ أَنْ يَسْتَقْبِلَ الْكَعْبَةَ فَاسْتَقْبِلُوهَا وَكَانَتْ وُجُوهُهُمْ إِلَى الشَّامِ فَاسْتَدَارُوا إِلَى الْكَعْبَةِ»
9.9 [Machine] Conditions of Prayer
٩۔٩ بَابُ شُرُوطِ الصَّلَاةِ
ذِكْرُ الْقَدْرِ الَّذِي صَلَّى فِيهِ الْمُسْلِمُونَ إِلَى بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ قَبْلَ الْأَمْرِ بِاسْتِقْبَالِ الْكَعْبَةِ
"When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ arrived in Al-Madinah, he performed Salat facing the direction of Bait Al-Maqdis (Jerusalem) for sixteen or seventeen months. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ longed to face toward the Ka'bah, so Allah, Might and Sublime is He revealed: Verily, WE have seen the turning of your face towards the heave. Surely, We Shall turn your face in the direction of Al-Masjid Al-Haram (2:144). So he faced the direction of the Ka'bah and he longed for that. (One day) a man performed Salat Al-'Asr along with him." He said: "Then he passed by some people of the Ansar performing Salat Al-'Asr, while they were bowing toward Bait Al-Maqdis. He told them that he testifies that he performed Salat with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and he had faced the direction of the Ka'bah." He said: "So they turned while they were bowing." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 2962)
«لَمَّا قَدِمَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ صَلَّى نَحْوَ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ سِتَّةَ عَشَرَ شَهْرًا أَوْ سَبْعَةَ عَشَرَ شَهْرًا وَكَانَ يُحِبُّ أَنْ يُوَجَّهَ إِلَى الْكَعْبَةِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ وَعَلَا {قَدْ نَرَى تَقَلُّبَ وَجْهِكَ فِي السَّمَاءِ فَلَنُوَلِّيَنَّكَ قِبْلَةً تَرْضَاهَا فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ} فَمَرَّ رَجُلٌ عَلَى قَوْمٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَهُمْ رُكُوعٌ فَقَالَ هُوَ يَشْهَدُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ صَلَّى مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَنَّهُ وَجَّهَ إِلَى الْكَعْبَةِ»
ذِكْرُ تَسْمِيَةِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَعَلَا صَلَاةَ مَنْ صَلَّى إِلَى بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ فِي تِلْكَ الْمُدَّةِ إِيمَانًا
when the Prophet (May peace be upon him) turned towards the Ka’bah (in prayer), the people asked : Messenger of Allah (May peace be upon him)! what will happen with those who died while they prayed with their faces towards Jerusalem ? Allah the Exalted, then revealed : “And never would Allah make your faith of no effect.” (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4680)
«لَمَّا وُجِّهَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِلَى الْكَعْبَةِ قَالُوا كَيْفَ بِمَنْ مَاتَ مِنْ إِخْوَانِنَا وَهُمْ يُصَلُّونَ نَحْوَ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ؟ » فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ وَعَلَا {وَمَا كَانَ اللَّهُ لِيُضِيعَ إِيمَانَكُمْ}
ذِكْرُ لَفْظَةٍ قَدْ تُوهِمُ غَيْرَ الْمُتَبَحِّرِ فِي صِنَاعَةِ الْعِلْمِ أَنَّ الصَّلَاةَ بِلَا نِيَّةٍ جَائِزَةٌ
[Machine] "Listen and obey, even if the limbs are trembling, and when you make a soup, increase its water, then look at the people of your neighbor's household and share it with them, offer the prayer on time, for if you find that the Imam has already prayed, then you have safeguarded your prayer; otherwise, it will be voluntary."
«اسْمَعْ وَأَطِعْ وَلَوْ لِعَبْدٍ مُجَدَّعِ الْأَطْرَافِ وَإِذَا صَنَعْتَ مَرَقَةً فَأَكْثِرْ مَاءَهَا ثُمَّ انْظُرْ إِلَى أَهْلِ بَيْتٍ مِنْ جِيرَانَكَ فَأَصِبْهُمْ مِنْهُ بِمَعْرُوفٍ وَصَلِّ الصَّلَاةَ لِوَقْتِهَا فَإِنْ وَجَدْتَ الْإِمَامَ قَدْ صَلَّى فَقَدْ أَحْرَزْتَ صَلَاتَكَ وَإِلَّا فَهِيَ نَافِلَةٌ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ قَوْلَهُ ﷺ وَإِلَّا فَهِيَ نَافِلَةٌ أَرَادَ بِهِ الصَّلَاةَ الثَّانِيَةَ لَا الْأُولَى
[Machine] "For me, O Messenger of Allah ﷺ , pray the prayer on time. If you come to a group and they have already prayed, then you have safeguarded your prayer. But if they have not prayed, then you should pray with them, and it will be a voluntary prayer for you."
لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «صَلِّ الصَّلَاةَ لِوَقْتِهَا فَإِنْ أَتَيْتَ الْقَوْمَ وَقَدْ صَلَّوْا كُنْتَ قَدْ أَحْرَزْتَ صَلَاتَكَ وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُونُوا صَلَّوْا صَلَّيْتَ مَعَهُمْ وَكَانَتْ لَكَ نَافِلَةً»