43. Book of Impermissible and Permissible (6/7)
٤٣۔ كِتَابُ الْحَظْرِ وَالْإِبَاحَةِ ص ٦
ذِكْرُ خَبَرٍ ثَانٍ يَدُلُّ عَلَى صِحَّةِ مَا ذِكَرْنَا أَنَّ الْعَرَبَ إِذَا أَرَادَتْ وَصْفَ شَيْئَيْنِ، وَإِنْ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا تَبَايُنٌ تَصِفُهُمَا بِلَفْظِ أَحَدِهِمَا
[Machine] I heard Abu Hurairah saying, "During the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , we had no food except for black dates and water."
سَمِعْتُ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ يَقُولُ «مَا كَانَ لَنَا عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ طَعَامٌ إِلَّا الْأَسْوَدَيْنِ التَّمْرُ وَالْمَاءُ»
43.20 [Machine] Translation: "Permission
٤٣۔٢٠ بَابُ الِاسْتِئْذَانِ
[Machine] Abu Musa sought permission from Umar three times, but Umar did not grant him permission. So Abu Musa returned and informed Umar of this. Umar asked him, "What prevented you?" Abu Musa replied, "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, 'If any one of you seeks permission three times and is not granted permission, then let him go back.'" Umar said, "Come to me with proof of this, or else Hammad will punish you." Abu Musa left and entered the mosque, then went to the gathering of the Ansar, and narrated to them the incident and what Umar said to him. They said, "None of us will stand with you except our youngest member." So Abu Sa'eed Al-Khudri stood with him and testified. Umar said to him, "We do not accuse you, but the narration from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ is severe."
أَنَّ أَبَا مُوسَى اسْتَأْذَنَ عَلَى عُمَرَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ فَلَمْ يُؤْذَنْ لَهُ فَرَجَعَ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ عُمَرَ فَقَالَ مَا رَدَّكَ؟ فَقَالَ إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «إِذَا اسْتَأْذَنَ أَحَدُكُمْ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ فَلَمْ يُؤْذَنْ لَهُ فَلْيَرْجِعْ» فَقَالَ لِتَجِئْنِي عَلَى هَذَا بِبَيِّنَةٍ وَإِلَّا قَالَ حَمَّادٌ تَوَعَّدَهُ قَالَ فَانْصَرَفَ فَدَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ فَأَتَى مَجْلِسَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَقَصَّ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقِصَّةَ مَا قَالَ لِعُمَرَ وَمَا قَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ فَقَالُوا لَا يَقُومُ مَعَكَ إِلَّا أَصْغَرُنَا فَقَامَ مَعَهُ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيُّ فَشَهِدَ فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ إِنَّا لَا نَتَّهِمُكَ وَلَكِنَّ الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ شَدِيدٌ
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ بَعْضَ السُّنَنِ قَدْ تَخْفَى عَلَى الْعَالِمِ، وَقَدْ يَحْفَظُهَا مَنْ هُوَ دُونَهُ فِي الْعِلْمِ وَالدِّينِ
[Machine] Abu Musa asked permission from Umar three times, but he was not given permission and it seemed like he was busy. Abu Musa returned and Umar became free, so he said, "Did I not hear the voice of Abdullah ibn Qais? Give him permission." It was said, "He has already returned." So Umar called for him and said, "We were commanded to do that." Abu Musa said, "Come to me with clear evidence for that." He then went to the assembly of the Ansar and asked them. They said, "No one will testify for you except for our youngest, Abu Sa'eed al-Khudri." Abu Musa went with Abu Sa'eed and he testified for him. Umar said, "This matter was hidden from me. Allah's Messenger ﷺ allowed me to trade in the marketplaces, so do whatever you wish."
أَنَّ أَبَا مُوسَى اسْتَأْذَنَ عَلَى عُمَرَ ثَلَاثًا فَلَمْ يُؤْذَنْ لَهُ وَكَأَنَّهُ كَانَ مَشْغُولًا فَرَجَعَ أَبُو مُوسَى فَفَرَغَ عُمَرُ فَقَالَ أَلَمْ أَسْمَعْ صَوْتَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ؟ ائْذَنُوا لَهُ قِيلَ إِنَّهُ قَدْ رَجَعَ فَدَعَا بِهِ فَقَالَ كُنَّا نُؤْمَرُ بِذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لَتَأْتِيَنِّي عَلَى ذَلِكَ بِالْبَيِّنَةِ فَانْطَلَقَ إِلَى مَجْلِسِ الْأَنْصَارِ فَسَأَلَهُمْ فَقَالُوا لَا يَشْهَدُ لَكَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ إِلَّا أَصْغَرُنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيُّ فَانْطَلَقَ بِأَبِي سَعِيدٍ فَشَهِدَ لَهُ فَقَالَ خَفِيَ عَلَيَّ هَذَا مِنْ «أَمْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَلْهَانِي الصَّفْقُ بِالْأَسْوَاقِ وَلَكِنْ سَلِّمْ مَا شِئْتَ»
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ قَوْلِ الْمُسْتَأْذِنِ عِنْدَ اسْتِئْذَانِهِ: أَنَا، دُونَ السَّلَامِ عَلَى الْقَوْمِ
[Machine] I heard Jabir ibn Abdullah say, "I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and knocked on the door. He asked, 'Who is it?' and I said, 'It's me.' He repeated, 'It's me' twice as if he disliked it."
سَمِعْتُ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَدَقَقْتُ الْبَابَ فَقَالَ «مَنْ ذَا»؟ فَقُلْتُ أَنَا فَقَالَ «أَنَا أَنَا» مَرَّتَيْنِ كَأَنَّهُ كَرِهَهُ
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ أَنْ يَنْظُرَ الْمَرْءُ فِي دَارِ أَخِيهِ الْمُسْلِمِ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ
[Machine] A man entered the Prophet's room holding a comb in his hand and he was combing his hair with it. The Prophet saw him and said, "If I knew that you were looking, I would have poked your eye with it. Permission was granted only because of the sight."
اطَّلَعَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ حُجْرٍ فِي حُجْرَةِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَبِيَدِهِ مِدْرًى يَحُكُّ بِهِ رَأْسَهُ فَرَآهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَقَالَ «لَوْ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ تَنْظُرُ لَطَعَنْتُ بِهِ فِي عَيْنِكَ إِنَّمَا جُعِلَ الْإِذْنُ مِنْ أَجْلِ الْبَصَرِ»
ذِكْرُ الْإِخْبَارِ عَمَّا يَجِبُ عَلَى الْمَرْءِ مِنْ وَصْفِ الِاسْتِئْذَانِ إِذَا أَرَادَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى أَقْوَامٍ
We were in the company of Ubayy b. Ka'b that Abu Musa Ash'ari came there in a state of anger. He stood (before us) and said: I ask you to bear witness in the name of Allah whether anyone amongst you heard Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: Permission (for entering the house) should be sought three times and if permission is granted to you (then get in). otherwise go back. Ubayy b. Ka'b said: What is the iiiatter? He said: I sought permission yesterday from 'Umar b. Khattab three times but he did not permit me, so I came back; then I went to him today and visited him and informed him that I had come to him yesterday and greeted him thrice, then came back, whereupon he said: Yes, we did hear you but be were at that time busy, but why did you not seek permission (further and you must have never gone back until you were permitted to do so). He said: I sought permission (in the manner) that I heard Messenger of Allah ﷺ having said (in connection 'With the seeking of permission for entering the house of a stranger). Thereupon he (Hadrat Umar) said: By Allah, I shall torture your back and your stomach unless you bring one who may bear witness to what you state. 'Ubayy b. Ka'b said: By Allah, none should stand with you (to bear testimony) but the youngest amongst us. And he therefore, said to Abu Sa'id: Stand up. So I stood up until I came to Umar and said: I heard Messenger of Allah ﷺ say this. (Using translation from Muslim 2153c)
سَمِعَ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «الِاسْتِئْذَانُ ثَلَاثٌ فَإِنْ أُذِنَ لَكَ وَإِلَّا فَارْجِعْ»؟ قَالَ أُبَيٌّ وَمَا ذَاكَ؟ قَالَ اسْتَأْذَنْتُ عَلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ أَمْسِ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ فَلَمْ يُؤْذَنْ لِي فَرَجَعْتُ ثُمَّ جِئْتُهُ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ أَنِّي جِئْتُهُ أَمْسِ فَسَلَّمْتُ ثَلَاثًا ثُمَّ انْصَرَفْتُ فَقَالَ قَدْ سَمِعْنَاكَ وَنَحْنُ حِينَئِذٍ عَلَى شُغْلٍ فَلَوِ اسْتَأْذَنْتَ حَتَّى يُؤْذَنَ لَكَ؟ قَالَ اسْتَأْذَنْتُ كَمَا سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ فَوَاللَّهِ لَأُوجِعَنَّ ظَهْرَكَ أَوْ لَتَأْتِيَنِّي بِمَنْ يَشْهَدُ لَكَ عَلَى هَذَا قَالَ فَقَالَ أُبَيٌّ وَاللَّهِ لَا يَقُومُ مَعَكَ إِلَّا أَحْدَثُنَا سِنًّا قُمْ يَا أَبَا سَعِيدٍ فَقُمْتُ حَتَّى أَتَيْتُ عُمَرَ فَقُلْتُ قَدْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ هَذَا
ذِكْرُ الْإِبَاحَةِ لِلْمَرْءِ دُخُولَ بَيْتِ الدَّاعِي بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ إِذَا كَانَ مَعَهُ رَسُولُهُ
[Machine] From the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , he said, "The messenger of a man is his permission to another man."
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «رَسُولُ الرَّجُلِ إِلَى الرَّجُلِ إِذْنُهُ»
43.21 [Machine] Names and Kunyas
٤٣۔٢١ بَابُ الْأَسْمَاءِ وَالْكُنَى
"Call yourselves by my name but do not call yourselves by my Kunyah." (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 3736)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «تَسَمَّوْا بِاسْمِي وَلَا تَكَنَّوْا بِكُنْيَتِي»
ذِكْرُ الْعِلَّةِ الَّتِي مِنْ أَجْلِهَا زُجِرَ عَنْ هَذَا الْفِعْلِ
[Machine] "The Prophet ﷺ was standing in Al-Baqi' when he called out to another man, saying, 'O Abu Al-Qasim!' The Prophet ﷺ turned and said, 'Was it not you whom I called, O Messenger of Allah?' The Prophet ﷺ replied, 'Refer to me by my name and do not use my kunya (father-of-name) as a form of address.'"
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ قَائِمًا بِالْبَقِيعِ فَنَادَى رَجُلٌ آخَرُ يَا أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ فَالْتَفَتَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَمْ أَعْنِكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّمَا دَعَوْتُ فُلَانًا فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «تَسَمَّوْا بِاسْمِي وَلَا تَكَنَّوْا بِكُنْيَتِي»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الْقَصْدَ فِي هَذَا الزَّجْرِ إِنَّمَا هُوَ الْجَمْعُ بَيْنَهُمَا
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Do not combine my name and my nickname."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «لَا تَجْمَعُوا بَيْنَ اسْمِي وَكُنْيَتِي»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ هَذَا الْفِعْلَ إِنَّمَا زُجِرَ عَنْهُ إِذَا جُمِعَ بَيْنَهُمَا فِي إِنْسَانٍ، لَا انْفِرَادِ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا فِيهِ
[Machine] The translation of the given text is: "On the authority of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , he prohibited anyone from combining his name and his nickname to be called Muhammad Abu Al-Qasim."
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ «نَهَى أَنْ يَجْمَعَ أَحَدٌ اسْمَهُ وَكُنْيَتَهُ فَيُسَمَّى مُحَمَّدٌ أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ»
ذِكْرُ خَبَرٍ ثَانٍ يُصَرِّحُ بِأَنَّ هَذَا الزَّجْرَ وَقَعَ عَلَى الْجَمْعِ بَيْنَهُمَا فِي شَخْصٍ وَاحِدٍ لَا انْفِرَادِ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا فِيهِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "When you call me, do not use my name. And when you mention my name, do not be familiar with me."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِذَا كَنَّيْتُمْ فَلَا تَسَمَّوْا بِي وَإِذَا سَمَّيْتُمْ بِي فَلَا تَكَنَّوْا بِي» *
ذِكْرُ خَبَرٍ ثَالِثٍ يُصَرِّحُ بِصِحَّةِ مَا ذَكَرْنَاهُ
[Machine] The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ said, "Do not combine my name and nickname. I am Abu Al-Qasim. Allah gives and I swear."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَا تَجْمَعُوا بَيْنَ اسْمِي وَكُنْيَتِي أَنَا أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ اللَّهُ يُعْطِي وَأَنَا أَقْسِمُ»
ذِكْرُ الْخَبَرِ الْمُدْحِضِ قَوْلَ مَنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّ هَذَا الْخَبَرَ تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ يَحْيَى الْقَطَّانُ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said to Asiyah, "You are beautiful."
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ لِعَاصِيَةَ أَنْتِ جَمِيلَةُ
ذِكْرُ خَبَرٍ ثَانٍ يُصَرِّحُ بِاسْتِعْمَالِ هَذَا الْفِعْلِ الَّذِي ذَكَرْنَاهُ
[Machine] Indeed, the Prophet ﷺ passed by a land called Ghadirah, so he named it Khadirah.
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ «مَرَّ بِأَرْضٍ تُسَمَّى غَدِرَةَ فَسَمَّاهَا خَضِرَةً»
ذِكْرُ خَبَرٍ ثَالِثٍ يُصَرِّحُ بِإِبَاحَةِ اسْتِعْمَالِ هَذَا الْفِعْلِ الَّذِي ذَكَرْنَاهُ
[Machine] The Prophet PBUH said to his grandfather, "What is your name?" He replied, "Huzn" (meaning sorrow). The Prophet PBUH said, "No, you are Sahl" (meaning ease). He said, "I do not change a name my father gave me." Sa'id said, "So he remained sad among us afterwards."
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ لِجَدِّهِ «مَا اسْمُكَ»؟ قَالَ «حَزْنٌ» فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «بَلْ أَنْتَ سَهْلٌ» قَالَ لَا أُغَيِّرُ اسْمًا سَمَّانِيهِ أَبِي قَالَ سَعِيدٌ «فَمَا زَالَتْ فِينَا حُزُونَةٌ بَعْدُ»
ذِكْرُ خَبَرٍ رَابِعٍ يَدُلُّ عَلَى إِبَاحَةِ اسْتِعْمَالِ مَا وَصَفْنَا
[Machine] "The Prophet ﷺ heard a man saying, 'O Shihab, you are Hisham.'"
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ «سَمِعَ رَجُلًا يَقُولُ يَا شِهَابُ قَالَ » أَنْتَ هِشَامٌ «
ذِكْرُ الْعِلَّةِ الَّتِي مِنْ أَجْلِهَا كَانَ يُغَيِّرُ ﷺ الْأَسْمَاءَ الَّتِي ذَكَرْنَاهَا
[Machine] I came to Aisha and said, "O mother, tell me something you heard from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ." She said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Birds fly according to their destined limits, and they are pleased with good omens.'"
أَتَيْتُ عَائِشَةَ فَقُلْتُ يَا أُمَّاهُ حَدِّثِينِي بِشَيْءٍ سَمِعْتِيهِ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «الطَّيْرُ يَجْرِي بِقَدَرٍ وَكَانَ يُعْجِبُهُ الْفَأْلُ الْحَسَنُ»
ذِكْرُ خَبَرٍ ثَانٍ يُصَرِّحُ بِذِكْرِ الْعِلَّةِ الَّتِي ذَكَرْنَاهَا قَبْلُ
[Machine] "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to be optimistic and admired the good name."
«كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَتَفَاءَلُ وَيُعْجِبُهُ الِاسْمُ الْحَسَنُ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ قَصْدَ الْمُصْطَفَى ﷺ فِي تَغْيِيرِ الْأَسْمَاءِ الَّتِي ذَكَرْنَاهَا لَمْ يَكُنِ التَّطَيُّرَ بِتِلْكَ الْأَسْمَاءِ
“The Prophet ﷺ said: ‘There is no ‘Adwa* and no omen, but I like Al-Fa’l As-Salih.”** (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 3537)
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «لَا عَدْوَى وَلَا طِيَرَةَ وَأُحِبُّ الْفَأْلَ الصَّالِحَ»
ذِكْرُ خَبَرٍ ثَانٍ يُصَرِّحُ بِأَنَّ اسْتِعْمَالَ الْمُصْطَفَى ﷺ مَا وَصَفْنَاهُ كَانَ عَلَى سَبِيلِ التَّفَاؤُلِ لَا التَّطَيُّرِ
[Machine] "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to not disdain anything except that when he wanted to go to a land, he would inquire about its name. If its name was good, it would reflect on his face, and if it was bad, it would show on his face."
«كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَا يَتَطَيَّرُ مِنَ شَيْءٍ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ أَرْضًا سَأَلَ عَنِ اسْمِهَا فَإِنْ كَانَ حَسَنًا رُئِيَ الْبِشْرُ فِي وَجْهِهِ وَإِنْ كَانَ قَبِيحًا رُئِيَ ذَلِكَ فِي وَجْهِهِ»
ذِكْرُ خَبَرٍ قَدْ يُوهِمُ غَيْرَ الْمُتَبَحِّرِ فِي صِنَاعَةِ الْعِلْمِ أَنَّهُ مُضَادٌّ فِي الْقَصْدِ لِمَا ذَكَرْنَا مِنَ الْأَخْبَارِ قَبْلُ
[Machine] "The name of my father was Aziz, so the Prophet ﷺ named him Abdurrahman."
«كَانَ اسْمُ أَبِي عَزِيزًا فَسَمَّاهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ»
ذِكْرُ خَبَرٍ ثَانٍ قَدْ يُوهِمُ مَنْ لَمْ يُحْكِمْ صِنَاعَةَ الْعِلْمِ أَنَّهُ مُضَادٌّ لِلْأَخْبَارِ الَّتِي ذَكَرْنَاهَا قَبْلُ
[Machine] The name of Juyriyah bint al-Harith was Barrah, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ called her Juyriyah.
«كَانَ اسْمُ جُوَيْرِيَةَ بِنْتِ الْحَارِثِ بَرَّةَ فَسَمَّاهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ جُوَيْرِيَةَ»
ذِكْرُ الْعِلَّةِ الَّتِي مِنْ أَجْلِهَا كَانَ يُغَيِّرُ ﷺ هَذَا الْجِنْسَ مِنَ الْأَسْمَاءِ
"Zainab used to be called "Barrah" (good), and it was said that she was praising herself. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ changed her name to Zainab." (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 3732)
«كَانَ اسْمُ زَيْنَبَ بَرَّةَ فَقَالُوا تُزَكِّي نَفْسَهَا فَسَمَّاهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ زَيْنَبَ»
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ أَنْ يُسَمِّي الْمَرْءُ الْعِنَبَ الْكَرْمَ
Do not say al-karm (for the word vine) but say al-habala (that is grape). (Using translation from Muslim 2248a)
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «لَا تَقُولُوا الْكَرْمُ وَلَكِنْ قُولُوا الْحَبَلَةُ أَوِ الْعِنَبُ»
ذِكْرُ الْعِلَّةِ الَّتِي مِنْ أَجْلِهَا زُجِرَ عَنْ هَذَا الْفِعْلِ
[Machine] And the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Do not say that generosity is only in grapes, rather, true generosity is in the Muslim man."
وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَا تَقُولُوا الْعِنَبُ الْكَرْمُ إِنَّمَا الْكَرْمُ الرَّجُلُ الْمُسْلِمُ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ قَوْلَهُ ﷺ «الْكَرْمُ الرَّجُلُ الْمُسْلِمُ» أَرَادَ بِهِ قَلْبَهُ
Do not use the word karm (for wine) for worthy of respect is the heart of a believer. (Using translation from Muslim 2247b)
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «تَقُولُونَ وَالْكَرَمُ وَإِنَّمَا الْكَرْمُ قَلْبُ الْمُؤْمِنِ»
ذِكْرُ الْخَبَرِ الْمُدْحِضِ قَوْلَ مَنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّ هَذِهِ اللَّفْظَةَ تَفَرَّدَ بِهَا سُفْيَانُ
None of you should use the word al-harin (for grape) for the heart of a believer is karm (worthy of respect). (Using translation from Muslim 2247d)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَا يَقُولَنَّ أَحَدُكُمُ الْكَرْمُ فَإِنَّ الْكَرْمَ قَلْبُ الْمُؤْمِنِ»
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ أَنْ يُسَمِّي الْمَرْءُ نَفْسَهُ إِذَا كَانَ فِي شَيْءٍ مِنْ أُمُورِ الدُّنْيَا مَلِكَ الْأَمْلَاكِ
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "The best of names near Allah is a man named 'Milk Al-Amalak,' which means 'The King of Kings.'"
النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ «أَخْنَعُ الْأَسْمَاءِ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ رَجُلٌ تُسَمَّى بِمِلْكِ الْأَمْلَاكِ يَعْنِي شَاهَانِ شَاهَا »
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ أَنْ يُسَمَّى الرَّقِيقُ بِأَسَامِي مَعْلُومَةٍ
Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade us to give names to our servants as these four names: Aflah (Successful), Rabdh (Profit), Yasar (Wealth), and Nafi' (Beneficial). (Using translation from Muslim 2136a)
«نَهَانَا نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ نُسَمِّيَ رَقِيقَنَا بِأَرْبَعَةِ أَسْمَاءٍ أَفْلَحَ وَرَبَاحٍ وَيَسَارٍ وَنَافِعٍ»
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ أَنْ يُسَمِّيَ الْمَرْءُ مَمَالِيكَهُ أَسَامِيَ مَعْلُومَةً
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Do not call your servant successful, nor skilled, nor profitable, nor left-handed, and be careful not to increase them."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَا تُسَمِّ عَبْدَكَ أَفْلَحَ وَلَا نَجِيحًا وَلَا رَبَاحًا وَلَا يَسَارًا وَانْظُرُوا أَنْ لَا تَزِيدُوا عَلَيْهِ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ قَوْلَهُ ﷺ «وَانْظُرُوا أَنْ لَا تَزِيدُوا عَلَيْهِ» أَرَادَ بِهِ أَنْ لَا تَزِيدُوا عَلَى هَذَا الْعَدَدِ الَّذِي هُوَ الْأَرْبَعُ
Do not call your servant Yasar (wealth), Rabah (profit), Nijih(prosperous) and Aflah (successful), for you may ask; Is he there? And someone says: No. Samurah said: These are four (names), so do not attribute more to me. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4958)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَا تُسَمِّيَنَّ غُلَامَكَ رَبَاحًا وَلَا نَجِيحًا وَلَا يَسَارًا وَلَا أَفْلَحَ إِنَّمَا هِيَ أَرْبَعٌ فَلَا تَزِيدُوا عَلَيْهِ»
ذِكْرُ الْإِخْبَارِ عَنْ إِرَادَتِهِ ﷺ الزَّجْرَ عَنْ أَنْ يُسَمِّيَ الْمَرْءُ بِأَسَامِي مَعْلُومَةٍ
[Machine] He heard the Prophetﷺ say, "If I live, God willing, I will surely prohibit calling someone 'a blessing' and 'beneficial' and 'successful'." I don't know if he said 'successful' or not. Then the Prophetﷺ passed away without prohibiting it. Umar intended to prohibit it but then he left it.
أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَقُولُ «إِنْ عِشْتُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ زَجَرْتُ أَنْ يُسَمَّى بَرَكَةً وَنَافِعًا وَأَفْلَحَ» فَلَا أَدْرِي قَالَ أَفْلَحُ أَمْ لَا؟ فَقُبِضَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَلَمْ يَزْجُرْ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَأَرَادَ عُمَرُ أَنْ يَزْجُرَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ تَرَكَهُ
ذِكْرُ إِرَادَتِهِ ﷺ الزَّجْرَ عَنْ أَنْ يُسَمَّى الْمَرْءُ يَسَارًا
Messenger of Allah ﷺ decided to forbid (his followers) to name persons as Ya'la (Elevated), Baraka (Blessing), Aflah (Successful), Yasar and Nafi', but I saw that he kept silent after that and he did not say anything until Messenger of Allah ﷺ died. And he did not forbid (his followers to do this), then 'Umar decided to prohibit (people) from giving these names, but later on gave up the idea. (Using translation from Muslim 2138)
أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ «أَرَادَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَنْ يَنْهَى أَنْ يُسَمَّى بِبَرَكَةَ وَأَفْلَحَ وَيَسَارٍ وَنَافِعٍ وَنَحْوِ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ رَأَيْتُهُ سَكَتَ عَنْهَا بَعْدُ فَلَمْ يَقُلْ شَيْئًا وَقُبِضَ ﷺ ثُمَّ أَرَادَ عُمَرُ أَنْ يَنْهَى عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَتَرَكَهُ»
ذِكْرُ إِرَادَةِ الْمُصْطَفَى ﷺ الزَّجْرَ عَنْ أَنْ يُسَمَّى أَحَدٌ بِرَبَاحٍ، وَنَجِيحٍ
[Machine] "Omar said: If I live, I will surely expel the Jews from the Arabian Peninsula." And the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "If I live, I will remove the names of Rabah, Najeeh, Aflah, and Yasar."
عُمَرُ لَئِنْ عِشْتُ لَأُخْرِجَنَّ الْيَهُودَ مِنْ جَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِ قَالَ وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَئِنْ عِشْتُ لَأَنْهَيَنَّ أَنْ يُسَمَّى بِرَبَاحٍ وَنَجِيحٍ وَأَفْلَحَ وَيَسَارٍ»
ذِكْرُ إِرَادَةِ الْمُصْطَفَى ﷺ الزَّجْرَ عَنْ أَنْ يُسَمِّي أَحَدٌ أَحَدًا بِمَيْمُونٍ
[Machine] He heard Jabir Ibn Abdullah say: "The Prophet ﷺ was worried about being called Ma'mun, Barakah, and Afalah, and this is how it was, then he left it."
أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ «هَمَّ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَنْ يَزْجُرَ أَنْ يُسَمَّى مَيْمُونٌ وَبَرَكَةُ وَأَفْلَحُ وَهَذَا النَّحْوُ ثُمَّ تَرَكَهُ»
43.21.6 Subsection
٤٣۔٢١۔٦ ذِكْرُ الْأَمْرِ لِلْمَرْءِ أَنْ يُحْسِنَ أَسَامِيَ أَوْلَادِهِ لِنِدَاءِ الْمَلَائِكَةِ فِي الْقِيَامَةِ إِيَّاهُمْ بِهَا
[Machine] Narrated by the Prophet ﷺ : "Indeed, on the Day of Judgment, you will be called by your names and the names of your fathers, so beautify your names."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «إِنَّكُمْ تُدْعَوْنَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ بِأَسْمَائِكُمْ وَأَسْمَاءِ آبَائِكُمْ فَحَسِّنُوا أَسْمَاءَكُمْ»
that the Prophet ﷺ changed the name of 'Asiyah, he said: "You are Jamilah." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 2838)
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ غَيَّرَ اسْمَ عَاصِيَةَ وَقَالَ أَنْتِ جَمِيلَةُ
43.22 [Machine] The pictures and the photographers
٤٣۔٢٢ بَابُ الصُّوَرِ وَالْمُصَوِّرِينَ
[Machine] About his mother, Asmaa bint Abdul Rahman, who was in the chamber of Aisha, Aisha said, "The Prophet ﷺ came from a journey and I had a cloth with a picture on it. I placed it on my cushion. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ took it and spread it out and said, 'Are you trying to hide the picture from me?' So I placed it under two cushions and I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ shivering over them."
عَنْ أُمِّهِ أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَكَانَتْ فِي حِجْرِ عَائِشَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ قَدِمَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مِنْ سَفَرٍ وَعِنْدِي نَمَطٌ فِيهِ صُورَةٌ فَوَضَعْتُهُ عَلَى سَهْوَتِي قَالَتْ فَأَخَذَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَاجْتَبَذَهُ وَقَالَ «أَتَسْتُرِينَ الْجِدَارَ»؟ فَجَعَلْتُهُ وِسَادَتَيْنِ فَرَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَرْتَفِقُ عَلَيْهِمَا
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنِ اتِّخَاذِ الصُّوَرِ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ وَالْجُدُرِ
[Machine] He heard Jabir bin Abdullah say that the Prophet ﷺ forbade having images in the house.
أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ «نَهَى عَنِ الصُّوَرِ فِي الْبَيْتِ»
ذِكْرُ الْعِلَّةِ الَّتِي مِنْ أَجْلِهَا زُجِرَ عَنِ الصُّوَرِ فِي الْبُيُوتِ
Messenger of Allah, I offer repentance to Allah and His Messenger. (but tell me) what is the sin that I have committed. Thereupon Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: What is this carpet? She said: I bought it for you so that you might sit on it and take rest. Thereupon Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: The owners of these pictures would be tormented and they would be asked to bring to life what they tried to create. He then said: Angels do not enter the house in which there is a picture. (Using translation from Muslim 2107n)
أَنَّهَا اشْتَرَتْ نُمْرُقَةً فِيهَا تَصَاوِيرُ فَلَمَّا رَآهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَامَ عَلَى الْبَابِ فَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ فَعَرَفْتُ فِي وَجْهِهِ الْكَرَاهِيَةَ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَتُوبُ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَإِلَى رَسُولِهِ فَمَاذَا أَذْنَبْتُ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «فَمَا بَالُ هَذِهِ النُّمْرُقَةِ»؟ فَقَالَتِ اشْتَرَيْتُهَا لَكَ تَقْعُدُ عَلَيْهَا وَتَوَسَّدُهَا فَقَالَ «إِنَّ أَصْحَابَ هَذِهِ الصُّوَرِ يُعَذَّبُونَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَيُقَالُ لَهُمْ أَحْيُوا مَا خَلَقْتُمْ» ثُمَّ قَالَ «إِنَّ الْبَيْتَ الَّذِي فِيهِ الصُّوَرُ لَا تَدْخُلُهُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ»
ذِكْرُ تَعْذِيبِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَعَلَا الْمُصَوِّرِينَ الَّذِينَ يُصَوِّرُونَ الصُّوَرَ
[Machine] The Prophet (PBUH) said, "Indeed, Allah will punish the image-makers for what they have depicted." A man then left and claimed to have a family. Ibn Abbas said, "Do not create any image that contains a soul."
النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُعَذَّبُ الْمُصَوِّرِينَ لِمَا صَوَّرُوا» قَالَ فَذَهَبَ الرَّجُلُ وَزَعَمَ أَنَّ لَهُ عِيَالًا قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ «لَا تُصَوِّرْ شَيْئًا فِيهِ رُوحٌ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الْمُصَوِّرِينَ يَكُونُونَ فِي الْقِيَامَةِ مِنْ أَشَدِّ خَلْقِ اللَّهِ عَذَابًا
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered upon her while she was covered with a curtain that had statues on it. The face of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ changed color and he turned away from the curtain, tearing it with his hand. Then he said, "Indeed, the severest punishment on the Day of Resurrection will be for those who create images resembling the creation of Allah."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا وَهِيَ مُسْتَتِرَةٌ بِقِرَامٍ فِيهِ تَمَاثِيلُ فَتَلَوَّنَ وَجْهُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَهْوَى إِلَى الْقِرَامِ فَهَتَكَهُ بِيَدِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ «إِنَّ أَشَدَّ النَّاسِ عَذَابًا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ الَّذِينَ يُشَبِّهُونَ بِخَلْقِ اللَّهِ»
ذِكْرُ وَصْفِ الْعَذَابِ الَّذِي يُعَذَّبُ بِهِ الْمُصَوِّرُونَ
[Machine] "I am a man whose livelihood depends on these images," so Ibn Abbas said, "I heard Muhammad ﷺ saying, 'Whoever creates pictures will be punished by Allah until he breathes life into them, but he will not be able to do so.' So his face turned yellow, and he said, 'If you really must do so, then create plant images, for they do not possess a soul.'"
إِنِّي رَجُلٌ مَعِيشَتِي مِنْ هَذِهِ التَّصَاوِيرِ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدًا ﷺ يَقُولُ «مَنْ صَوَّرَ صُورَةٍ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يُعَذِّبُهُ حَتَّى يَنْفُخَ فِيهِ الرُّوحَ وَلَيْسَ بِنَافِخٍ» فَاصْفَرَّ لَوْنُهُ فَقَالَ إِنْ كُنْتَ لَابُدَّ فَعَلَيْكَ بِالشَّجَرِ وَمَا لَيْسَ فِيهِ رُوحٌ
ذِكْرُ نَفْيِ دُخُولِ الْمَلَائِكَةِ الْبَيْتَ الَّذِي فِيهِ الصُّوَرُ
that Rafi' bin Ishaq informed him, saying: "I and 'Abdullah bin Abi Talhah entered upon Abu Sa'eed Al-Khudri to visit him. So Abu Sa'eed said: 'The Messenger of Allah ﷺ informed us: "The angels do not enter a house in which there is an image or a picture." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 2805)
أَخْبَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ الْمَلَائِكَةَ لَا تَدْخُلُ بَيْتًا فِيهِ تَمَاثِيلُ أَوْ صُورَةٌ» يَشُكُّ إِسْحَاقُ أَيُّهُمَا قَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الْمَلَائِكَةَ قَدْ تَدْخُلُ الْبَيْتَ الَّذِي فِيهِ الشَّيْءُ الْيَسِيرُ مِنَ الصُّوَرِ
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: The angels do not enter the house which contains a picture. Busr (b. Sa'id), the transmitter of this tradition, said: Zaid (b. Khalid al-Juhani) then fell it and we paid him a sick visit. There was a curtain with a picture hanging at his door. I then said to 'Ubaid Allah al-Khawlani', the step-son of Maimunah, wife of the Prophet ﷺ: Did Zaid not tell us about pictures on the first day ? 'Ubaid Allah said: Did you not hear him when he said: Except a figure on a garment. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4155)
عَنْ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ صَاحِبِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «إِنَّ الْمَلَائِكَةَ لَا تَدْخُلُ بَيْتًا فِيهِ صُورَةٌ» قَالَ بُسْرٌ ثُمَّ اشْتَكَى فَعُدْنَاهُ فَإِذَا عَلَى بَابِهِ سِتْرٌ وَإِذَا فِيهِ صُورَةٌ فَقُلْتُ لِعُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ الْخَوْلَانِيِّ أَلَمْ يُخْبِرْنَا وَيَدَعُ الثَّوْبَ؟ قَالَ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ أَلَمْ تَسْمَعْهُ؟ قَالَ «إِلَّا رَقْمًا فِي ثَوْبٍ؟ »
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ هَذِهِ اللَّفْظَةَ: «إِلَّا رَقْمًا فِي ثَوْبٍ» مِنْ كَلَامِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَا مِنْ كَلَامِ زَيْدِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ
From 'Ubaidullah bin 'Abdullah bin 'Utbah, that he entered upon Abu Talhah Al-Ansari to pay him a visit (while he was ill), and he found Sahl bin Hunaif with him. He said: "Abu Talhah called for someone to remove a sheet that was under him. Sahl said to him: 'Why did you remove it?' He replied: 'Because it contains images on it, and the Prophet ﷺ said about them what you know.' Sahl said: 'Do he not say: Except for markings on a garment?' He said: 'Yes, but this is better to me.'" (Using translation from Tirmidhī 1750)
أَنَّهُ دَخَلَ عَلَى أَبِي طَلْحَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ يَعُودُهُ قَالَ فَوَجَدْنَا عِنْدَهُ سَهْلَ بْنَ حُنَيْفٍ قَالَ فَدَعَا أَبُو طَلْحَةَ إِنْسَانًا فَنَزَعَ نَمَطًا تَحْتَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ سَهْلُ بْنُ حُنَيْفٍ لِمَ تَنْزِعْهُ؟ فَقَالَ إِنَّ فِيهِ تَصَاوِيرَ وَقَدْ قَالَ فِيهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا قَدْ عَلِمْتَ فَقَالَ سَهْلٌ أَلَمْ يَقُلْ «إِلَّا مَا كَانَ رَقْمًا فِي ثَوْبٍ»؟ قَالَ بَلَى وَلَكِنَّهُ أَطْيَبُ لِنَفْسِي
ذِكْرُ لَعْنِ الْمُصْطَفَى ﷺ الَّذِينَ يُصَوِّرُونَ الْأَشْيَاءَ
[Machine] I saw my father buying a cupper and he came with his tools and they broke. So, I asked him about that, and he said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited benefiting from selling blood, selling dogs, earning through dishonest means, cursing those who do tattoos and those who get tattoos, consuming interest and those who facilitate it, and cursing those who make images."
رَأَيْتُ أَبِي اشْتَرَى حَجَّامًا فَأَتَى بِمَحَاجِمِهِ فَكُسِرَتْ فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ «نَهَى عَنْ ثَمَنِ الدَّمِ وَثَمَنِ الْكَلْبِ وَكَسْبِ الْبَغِيِّ وَلَعَنَ الْوَاشِمَةَ وَالْمُسْتَوْشِمَةَ وَآكِلَ الرِّبَا وَمُوكِلَهُ وَلَعَنَ الْمُصَوِّرَ»
ذِكْرُ الْإِخْبَارِ بِأَنَّ الْمَلَائِكَةَ لَا تَدْخُلُ الْبُيُوتَ الَّتِي فِيهَا التَّمَاثِيلُ
[Machine] Gabriel ﷺ came to the Prophet ﷺ , and in the house of the Prophet ﷺ , there was a curtain with images of statues on it. The Prophet ﷺ said, "Enter (the house)." Gabriel ﷺ said, "We do not enter a house that has statues in it. However, if you must, then cut off their heads or cut them into pieces and make them into rugs."
أَنَّ جِبْرِيلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَفِي بَيْتِ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ ﷺ سِتْرٌ مُصَوِّرٌ فِيهِ تَمَاثِيلُ فَقَالَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ ﷺ «ادْخُلْ فَقَالَ إِنَّا لَا نَدْخُلُ بَيْتًا فِيهِ تَمَاثِيلُ فَإِنْ كُنْتَ لَابُدَّ جَاعِلًا فِي بَيْتِكَ فَاقْطَعْ رُءُوسَهَا أَوِ اقْطَعْهَا وَسَائِدَ وَاجْعَلْهَا بُسُطًا»
ذِكْرُ الْخَبَرِ الْمُدْحِضِ قَوْلَ مَنْ زَعَمَ أَنَّ مُجَاهِدًا لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ شَيْئًا
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Jibreel came to me yesterday and said, 'I visited you yesterday but I was prevented from entering the house you were in except that there was a statue of a man in the house, and there were curtains with statues on them, and there was a dog in the house.' So he commanded that the head of the statue be cut off, and he commanded that the curtain with the statue on it be cut off, and he ordered the dog to be taken out. The dog was a guard for Al-Hassan and Al-Hussein while they were under a bed.' He said, 'Then Jibreel continued to advise me about being good to neighbors until I thought he would make them inheritors.'"
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَتَانِي جِبْرِيلُ فَقَالَ إِنِّي كُنْتُ أَتَيْتُكَ الْبَارِحَةَ فَلَمْ يَمْنَعْنِي أَنْ أَدْخُلَ الْبَيْتَ الَّذِي كُنْتَ فِيهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ كَانَ فِي الْبَيْتِ تِمْثَالُ رَجُلٍ وَكَانَ فِي الْبَيْتِ سِتْرٌ فِيهِ تَمَاثِيلُ وَكَانَ فِي الْبَيْتِ كَلْبٌ فَأَمَرَ بِرَأْسِ التِّمْثَالِ أَنْ يُقْطَعَ وَأَمَرَ بِالسِّتْرِ الَّذِي فِيهِ التِّمْثَالُ أَنْ يُقْطَعَ رَأْسُ التِّمْثَالِ وَجُعِلَ مِنْهُ وِسَادَتانِ وَأَمَرَ بِالْكَلْبِ فَأُخْرِجَ وَكَانَ الْكَلْبُ جَرْوًا لِلْحَسَنِ وَالْحُسَيْنِ تَحْتَ نَضَدٍ لَهُمْ قَالَ ثُمَّ أَتَانِي جِبْرِيلُ فَمَا زَالَ يُوصِينِي بِالْجَارِ حَتَّى ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ سَيُوَرِّثُهُ»