" Iasked Al-Hasan bin Muhammad about the saying of Allah, the Might and Sublime: 'and know that whatever of spoils of war that you may gain, verily, one-fifth of it is assigned to Allah. He said: 'This is the key to the Speech of Allah. This world and the Hereafter belling to Allah. He said: 'They differed concerning these two shares after the death of the Messenger of Allah, the share of the Messenger and the share of the near relatives (of the Messenger of Allah). Some said that the share of the near relatives was for the relatives of the Messenger, and some said that the share of the near relatives was for the relatives of the Khalifah. Then they agreed that these two shares should be spent on horses and equipment in the cause of Allah, and they were allocated for this purpose during the Khalifah of Abu Bakr and' Umar."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4143)   

عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى {وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّمَا غَنِمْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَأَنَّ لِلَّهِ خُمُسَهُ وَلِلرَّسُولِ} [الأنفال 41] الْآيَةُ فَقَالَ «هَذَا مِفْتَاحُ كَلَامِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى مَا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ» قَالَ اخْتَلَفَ النَّاسُ فِي هَذَيْنِ السَّهْمَيْنِ بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ قَائِلُونَ سَهْمُ الْقُرْبَى لَقَرَابَةِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَقَالَ قَائِلُونَ لَقَرَابَةِ الْخَلِيفَةِ وَقَالَ قَائِلُونَ سَهْمُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ لِلْخَلِيفَةِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ فَاجْتَمَعَ رَأْيُهُمْ عَلَى أَنْ يَجْعَلُوا هَذَيْنِ السَّهْمَيْنِ فِي الْخَيْلِ وَالْعُدَّةَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَكَانَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ فِي خِلَافَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ ؓ   

[Machine] I heard Ali saying, "I have been appointed as the Messenger of Allah's representative in five areas, so I fulfilled his responsibilities during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah, as well as during the times of Abu Bakr and Umar."  

سَمِعْتُ عَلِيًّا يَقُولُ «وَلَّانِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَمْسَ الْخُمُسِ فَوَضَعْتُهُ مَوَاضِعَهُ حَيَاةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ  

A’ishah said “Safiyyah was called after the word safi (a special portion of the Prophet).” (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2994)  

«كَانَتْ صَفِيَّةُ مِنَ الصَّفِيِّ»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, took up his sword, Dhul-Fiqar, on the day of Badr. Ibn Abbas said, and he was the one who witnessed the dream on the day of Uhud, that when the polytheists attacked the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, on the day of Uhud, the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, intended to establish a base in Medina and fight them there. Some people who were not present at the Battle of Badr asked him, "O Messenger of Allah, may we go with you to fight them in Uhud, hoping to attain the same reward that the people of Badr attained?" So they continued to be with the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, until he put on his armor, at which point they regretted their decision and said, "O Messenger of Allah, stay where you are, for your opinion is the best." The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said, "It is not appropriate for a prophet to take off his armor after putting it on until Allah judges between him and his enemy." Among the things that the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said to them on that day, before putting on his armor, was, "I saw that I was in a strong fortress, so I built it in Medina, and I saw that I was a ram, so I led the way as the leader of the cavalry, and I saw that my sword, Dhul-Fiqar, broke, so I sharpened it among you, and I saw a cow being slaughtered, so there is no doubt that a cow is better."  

تَنَفَّلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ سَيْفَهُ ذَا الْفَقَارِ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَهُوَ الَّذِي رَأَى فِيهِ الرُّؤْيَا يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَمَّا جَاءَهُ الْمُشْرِكُونَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ كَانَ رَأْيُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُقِيمَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ يُقَاتِلُهُمْ فِيهَا فَقَالَ لَهُ نَاسٌ لَمْ يَكُونُوا شَهِدُوا بَدْرًا أَتَخْرُجُ بِنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَيْهِمْ نُقَاتِلْهُمْ بِأُحُدٍ وَرَجَوْا أَنْ يُصِيبُوا مِنَ الْفَضِيلَةِ مَا أَصَابَ أَهْلُ بَدْرٍ فَمَا زَالُوا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى لَبِسَ أَدَاتَهُ فَنَدِمُوا وَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَقِمْ فَالرَّأْيُ رَأْيُكَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَا يَنْبَغِي لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يَضَعَ أَدَاتَهُ بَعْدَ أَنْ لَبِسَهَا حَتَّى يَحْكُمَ اللَّهُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ عَدُوِّهِ» قَالَ وَكَانَ مِمَّا قَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَئِذٍ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَلْبَسَ الْأَدَاةَ «إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ أَنِّي فِي دِرْعٍ حَصِينَةٍ فَأَوَّلْتُهَا الْمَدِينَةَ وَأَنِّي مُرْدِفٌ كَبْشًا فَأَوَّلْتُهُ كَبْشَ الْكَتِيبَةِ وَرَأَيْتُ أَنَّ سَيْفِي ذَا الْفَقَارِ فُلَّ فَأَوَّلْتُهُ فَلًّا فِيكُمْ وَرَأَيْتُ بَقَرًا تُذْبَحُ فَبَقَرٌ وَاللَّهِ خَيْرٌ فَبَقَرٌ وَاللَّهِ خَيْرٌ»  

[Machine] "I used to walk with my father when we passed by a group of people who were belittling Ali and speaking ill of him. My father stood up and said, 'I used to receive favors from Ali and I owe him a debt of gratitude. I was with Khalid Ibn al-Walid in an army, and they obtained spoils of war. Ali took a fifth of the spoils for himself, and there was an agreement between Ali and Khalid regarding this matter.' Khalid said to Ali, 'This is your chance.' Khalid knew that I had a preference for Ali over myself. He told me to go and inform the Prophet Muhammad about it. So I went to the Prophet Muhammad and recounted it to him. I was a timid person, so when I spoke, I spoke hesitantly and softly. I then raised my head and mentioned the matter of the army, and then I mentioned the matter of Ali. I raised my head even higher, and the Messenger of Allah's face turned red. He said, 'Whoever accepts me as their leader, Ali is also their leader. That which I have in my heart for Ali has been removed.'"  

إِنِّي لَأَمْشِي مَعَ أَبِي إِذْ مَرَّ بِقَوْمٍ يُنْقُصُونَ عَلِيًّا يَقُولُونَ فِيهِ فَقَامَ فَقَالَ إِنِّي كُنْتُ أَنَالُ مِنْ عَلِيٍّ وَفِي نَفْسِي عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ وَكُنْتُ مَعَ خَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ فِي جَيْشٍ فَأَصَابُوا غَنَائِمَ فَعَمِدَ عَلِيٌّ إِلَى جَارِيَةٍ مِنَ الْخُمُسِ فَأَخَذَهَا لِنَفْسِهِ وَكَانَ بَيْنَ عَلِيٍّ وَبَيْنَ خَالِدٍ شَيْءٌ فَقَالَ خَالِدٌ هَذِهِ فُرْصَتُكَ وَقَدْ عَرَفَ خَالِدٌ الَّذِي فِي نَفْسِي عَلَى عَلِيٍّ قَالَ فَانْطَلِقْ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَاذْكُرْ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَأَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَحَدَّثْتُهُ وَكُنْتُ رَجُلًا مِكْبَابًا وَكُنْتُ إِذَا حَدَّثْتُ الْحَدِيثَ أَكْبَبْتُ ثُمَّ رَفَعْتُ رَأْسِيَ فَذَكَرْتُ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَمْرَ الْجَيْشِ ثُمَّ ذَكَرْتُ لَهُ أَمْرَ عَلِيٍّ فَرَفَعْتُ رَأْسِيَ وَأَوْدَاجُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدِ احْمِرَّتْ قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «مَنْ كُنْتُ وَلِيَّهُ فَإِنَّ عَلِيًّا وَلِيُّهُ وَذَهَبَ الَّذِي فِي نَفْسِي عَلَيْهِ»  

[Machine] He passed by a gathering, then he mentioned a long speech according to the criteria of Al-Bukhari and Muslim.  

أَنَّهُ مَرَّ عَلَى مَجْلِسٍ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ بِطُولِهِعلى شرط البخاري ومسلم  

[Machine] On the day of Hunayn, the spoils included women, children, camels, and sheep. They were lined up in rows to be distributed abundantly to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . The Muslims and the polytheists met and the Muslims turned their backs in retreat, as Allah the Almighty said. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "I am the slave of Allah and His Messenger," and he said, "O Ansar, I am the slave of Allah and His Messenger." Then Allah vanquished the polytheists without thrusting a spear or striking with a sword. On that day, the Prophet ﷺ said, "Whoever kills a disbeliever, their belongings are theirs." Abu Qatadah killed twenty men on that day and took their spoils. Abu Qatadah said, "O Messenger of Allah, I hit a man who was wearing a chain mail and had a shield, and I hurried to take his spoils. Look at who he is, O Messenger of Allah." A man said, "O Messenger of Allah, I took it, so it belongs to me. Give it to me." The Prophet ﷺ remained silent, as he would either grant a request or remain silent. 'Umar said, "No, by Allah, Allah will not give a lion from His lions to someone else." Then the Prophet ﷺ smiled.  

أَنَّ هَوَازِنَ جَاءَتْ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ بِالنِّسَاءِ وَالصِّبْيَانِ وَالْإِبِلِ وَالْغَنَمِ فَصَفُّوهُمْ صُفُوفًا لِيُكَثِّرُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَالْتَقَى الْمُسْلِمُونَ وَالْمُشْرِكُونَ فَوَلَّى الْمُسْلِمُونَ مُدْبِرِينَ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولُهُ» وَقَالَ «يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولُهُ» فَهَزَمَ اللَّهُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَلَمْ يَطْعَنْ بِرُمْحٍ وَلَمْ يَضْرِبْ بِسَيْفٍ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَوْمَئِذٍ «مَنْ قَتَلَ كَافِرًا فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ» فَقَتَلَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ يَوْمَئِذٍ عِشْرِينَ رَجُلًا وَأَخَذَ أَسْلَابَهُمْ فَقَالَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ضَرَبْتُ رَجُلًا عَلَى حَبْلِ الْعَاتِقِ وَعَلَيْهِ دِرْعٌ لَهُ فَأُعْجِلْتُ عَنْهُ أَنْ آخُذَ سَلَبَهُ فَانْظُرْ مَنْ هُوَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَنَا أَخَذْتُهَا فَأَرْضِهِ مِنْهَا فَأَعْطِنِيهَا فَسَكَتَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَكَانَ لَا يُسْأَلُ شَيْئًا إِلَّا أَعْطَاهُ أَوْ سَكَتَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لَا وَاللَّهِ لَا يَفِيءُ اللَّهُ عَلَى أَسَدٍ مِنْ أُسْدِهِ وَيُعْطِيكَهَا فَضَحِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ  

[Machine] I witnessed the battle of Hunayn with my companions, and they spoke to me about the Messenger of Allah. He then commanded me to wear a sword, and I was informed that I was a slave. He also commanded something for me from the spoils of war.  

شَهِدْتُ حُنَيْنًا مَعَ سَادَتِي فَكَلَّمُوا فِيَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ «فَأَمَرَنِي فَقُلِّدْتُ سَيْفًا فَأُخْبِرَ أَنِّي مَمْلُوكٌ فَأَمَرَ لِي بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ خُرْثِيِّ الْمَتَاعِ»  

Mujammi' was one of the Qur'an-reciters (qaris), and he said: We were present with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at al-Hudaybiyyah. When we returned, the people were driving their camels quickly. The people said to one another: What is the matter with them? They said: Revelation has come down to the Prophet ﷺ. We also proceeded with the people, galloping (our camels). We found the Prophet ﷺ standing on his riding-animal at Kura' al-Ghamim. When the people gathered near him, he recited: "Verily We have granted thee a manifest victory. A man asked: Is this a victory, Messenger of Allah? He replied: Yes. By Him in Whose hands the soul of Muhammad is, this is a victory. Khaybar was divided among those who had been at al-Hudaybiyyah, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ divided it into eighteen portions. The army consisted of one thousand five hundred men, of which three hundred were cavalry, and he gave two shares to a horseman and one to a foot-soldier. Abu Dawud said: Abu Mu'awiyah's tradition is sounder, and it is one which is followed. I think the error is in the tradition of Mujammi', because he said: "three hundred horsemen." when there were only two hundred. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2736)   

شَهِدْنَا الْحُدَيْبِيَةَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفْنَا عَنْهَا إِذِ النَّاسُ يَهُزُّونَ بِالْأَبَاعِرِ فَقَالَ بَعْضُ النَّاسِ لِبَعْضٍ مَا لِلنَّاسِ؟ قَالُوا أُوحِيَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَخَرَجْنَا مَعَ النَّاسِ نُوجِفُ فَوَجَدْنَا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَاقِفًا عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ عِنْدَ كُرَاعِ الْغَمِيمِ فَلَمَّا اجْتَمَعَ عَلَيْهِ النَّاسُ قَرَأَ عَلَيْهِمْ {إِنَّا فَتَحْنَا لَكَ فَتْحًا مُبِينًا} [الفتح 1] فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَفْتَحٌ هُوَ؟ قَالَ «نَعَمْ وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ إِنَّهُ لَفَتْحٌ» فَقُسِمَتْ خَيْبَرُ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ فَقَسَمَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ سَهْمًا وَكَانَ الْجَيْشُ أَلْفًا وَخَمْسَ مِائَةٍ فِيهِمْ ثَلَاثُ مِائَةِ فَارِسٍ فَأَعْطَى الْفَارِسَ سَهْمَيْنِ وَأَعْطَى الرَّاجِلَ سَهْمًا  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said on the day of Badr: He who does such-and-such, will have such-and such. The young men came forward and the old men remained standing near the banners, and they did not move from there. When Allah bestowed victory on them, the old men said: We were support for you. If you had been defeated, you would have returned to us. Do not take this booty alone and we remain (deprived of it). The young men refused (to give), and said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ has given it to us. Then Allah sent down: "They ask thee concerning (things taken as) spoils of war, Say: (Such) spoils are at the disposal of Allah and the Apostle......Just as they Lord ordered thee out of thy house in truth, even though a party among the believers disliked it." This proved good for them. Similarly obey me. I know the consequence of this better than you. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2737)  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ «مَنْ فَعَلَ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَلَهُ مِنَ النَّفَلِ كَذَا وَكَذَا» قَالَ فَقَدِمَ الْفِتْيَانُ وَلَزِمَ الْمَشْيَخَةُ الرَّايَاتِ فَلَمْ يَبْرَحُوهَا فَلَمَّا فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ قَالَ الْمَشْيَخَةُ كُنَّا رِدْأً لَكُمْ لَوِ انْهَزَمْتُمْ فِئْتُمْ إِلَيْنَا فَلَا تَذْهَبُونَ بِالْمَغْنَمِ وَنَبْقَى فَأَبَى الْفِتْيَانِ وَقَالُوا جَعَلَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَنَا فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى {يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْأَنْفَالِ قُلِ الْأَنْفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ} [الأنفال 1] إِلَى {كَمَا أَخْرَجَكَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَيْتِكَ بِالْحَقِّ وَإِنَّ فَرِيقًا مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَكَارِهُونَ} [الأنفال 5] يَقُولُ فَكَانَ ذَلِكَ خَيْرًا لَهُمْ فَكَذَلِكَ أَيْضًا فَأَطِيعُونِي فَإِنِّي أَعْلَمُ بِعَاقِبَةِ هَذَا مِنْكُمْ  

Mus’ab bin Sa’d reported on the authority of his father (Sa’ad bin Abi Waqqas) “I brought a sword to the Prophet ﷺ on the day of the Badr and I said (to him) Apostle of Allaah ﷺ , Allaah has healed up my breast from the enemy today, so give me this sword. He said “This sword is neither mine nor yours. I then went away saying “today this will be given to a man who has not been put to trial like me. Meanwhile a messenger and came to me and said “Respond, I thought something was revealed about me owing to my speech. I came and the Prophet ﷺ said to me “You asked me for this sword, but this was neither mine nor yours. Now Allaah has given it to me, hence it is yours. He then recited “they ask thee concerning (things taken as) spoils of war. Say “(Such) spoils are at the disposal of Allaah and the Apostle. Abu Dawud said “According to the reading of the Qur’an of Ibn Mas’ud the verse goes. They ask thee concerning (things taken as ) spoils of war. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2740)   

ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُثْمَانُ ابْنَا أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ عَيَّاشٍ عَنْ عَاصِمٍ عَنْ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ جِئْتُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ بِسَيْفٍ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَدْ شُفِيَ صَدْرِي الْيَوْمَ مِنَ الْعَدُوِّ فَهَبْ لِي هَذَا السَّيْفَ فَقَالَ إِنَّ هَذَا السَّيْفَ لَيْسَ لِي وَلَا لَكَ فَذَهَبْتُ وَأَنَا أَقُولُ يُعْطَاهُ الْيَوْمَ مَنْ لَمْ يَبْلُ بَلَائِي فَبَيْنَا إِذْ جَاءَنِي الرَّسُولُ فَقَالَ أَجِبْ فَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ نَزَلَ فِيَّ شَيْءٌ مِنْ كَلَامِي فَجِئْتُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «إِنَّكَ سَأَلْتَنِي هَذَا السَّيْفَ وَلَيْسَ هُوَ لِي وَلَا لَكَ وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ جَعَلَهُ لِي فَهُوَ لَكَ» ثُمَّ قَرَأَ {يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْأَنْفَالِ قُلِ الْأَنْفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ} [الأنفال 1] إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ went out on the day of Badr along with three hundred and fifteen (men). The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: O Allah, they are on foot, provide mount for them; O Allah , they are naked, clothe them; O Allah, they are hungry, provide food for them. Allah then bestowed victory on them. They returned when they were clothed. There was no man of them but he returned with one or two camels; they were clothed and ate to their fill. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2747)  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَرَجَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ فِي ثَلَاثِ مِائَةٍ وَخَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ حُفَاةٌ فَاحْمِلْهُمُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ عُرَاةٌ فَاكْسُهُمُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّهُمْ جِيَاعٌ فَأَشْبِعْهُمْ فَفَتَحَ اللَّهُ لَهُ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ فَانْقَلَبُوا حِينَ انْقَلَبُوا وَمَا فِيهِمْ رَجُلٌ إِلَّا وَقَدْ رَجَعَ بِجَمَلٍ أَوْ جَمَلَيْنِ فَاكْتَسَوْا وَشَبِعُوا»  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to give to some of the detachments he sent out (something extra) for themselves in particular apart from the division made to the whole army. The fifth is necessary in all that. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2746)  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ كَانَ «يُنَفِّلُ بَعْضَ مَنْ يَبْعَثُ مِنَ السَّرَايَا لِأَنْفُسِهِمْ خَاصَّةَ النَّفَلِ سِوَى قَسْمِ عَامَّةِ الْجَيْشِ وَالْخُمُسُ فِي ذَلِكَ وَاجِبٌ كُلُّهُ»  

Makhul said: I was the slave of a woman of Banu Hudhayl; afterwards she emancipated me. I did not leave Egypt until I had acquired all the knowledge that seemed to me to exist there. I then came to al-Hijaz and I did not leave it until I had acquired all the knowledge that seemed to be available. Then I came to al-Iraq, and I did not leave it until I had acquired all the knowledge that seemed to be available. I then came to Syria, and besieged it. I asked everyone about giving rewards from the booty. I did not find anyone who could tell me anything about it. I then met an old man called Ziyad ibn Jariyah at-Tamimi. I asked him: Have you heard anything about giving rewards from the booty? He replied: Yes. I heard Maslamah al-Fihri say: I was present with the Prophet ﷺ. He gave a quarter of the spoils on the outward journey and a third on the return journey. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2750)   

سَمِعْتُ مَكْحُولًا يَقُولُ كُنْتُ عَبْدًا بِمِصْرَ لِامْرَأَةٍ مِنْ هُذَيْلٍ فَأَعْتَقَتْنِي فَمَا خَرَجْتُ مِنْ مِصْرَ وَبِهَا عِلْمٌ إِلَّا احْتَوَيْتُ عَلَيْهِ فِيمَا أَرَى ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُ الشَّامَ فَغَرْبَلْتُهَا كُلُّ ذَلِكَ أَسْأَلُ عَنِ النَّفَلِ فَلَمْ أَجِدْ أَحَدًا يُخْبِرُنِي فِيهِ بِشَيْءٍ حَتَّى لَقِيتُ شَيْخًا يُقَالُ لَهُ زِيَادُ بْنُ جَارِيَةَ التَّمِيمِيُّ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ هَلْ سَمِعْتَ فِيَ النَّفَلِ شَيْئًا؟ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ سَمِعْتُ حَبِيبَ بْنَ مَسْلَمَةَ الْفِهْرِيَّ يَقُولُ شَهِدْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ «نَفَلَ الرُّبُعَ فِي الْبَدْأَةِ وَالثُّلُثَ فِي الرَّجْعَةِ» سكت عنه الذهبي في التلخيص  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ would give a third of the spoils after he would keep off the fifth. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2748)  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «يُنَفِّلُ الثُّلُثَ بَعْدَ الْخُمُسِ»  

[Machine] "The people of the mosque sent me to the son of Abu Awfa to ask him about what the Prophet ﷺ did in the food of Khaybar. So, I went to him and asked him about it. I said, 'Did he distribute it (amongst the people)?' He replied, 'No, it was less than that. Whenever any of us wanted something, he would take his need from it.'"  

بَعَثَنِي أَهْلُ الْمَسْجِدِ إِلَى ابْنِ أَبِي أَوْفَى أَسْأَلُهُ مَا صَنَعَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فِي طَعَامِ خَيْبَرَ فَأَتَيْتُهُ فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقُلْتُ هَلْ خَمَّسَهُ؟ قَالَ «لَا كَانَ أَقَلَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَكَانَ أَحَدُنَا إِذَا أَرَادَ شَيْئًا أَخَذَ مِنْهُ حَاجَتَهُ»  

[Machine] The Arabs used to say, "Whoever eats bread with ‘samn’ (a type of clarified butter), when Khaibar is conquered, we will be ‘jihidna’ (withheld) regarding his portion of bread." So, when we conquered Khaibar, I sat on some (bread) and ate from it until I was full. Then, I looked at my abdomen and wondered, "Did I gain weight?"  

كَانَتِ الْعَرَبُ تَقُولُ مَنْ أَكَلَ الْخُبْزَ سَمِنَ فَلَمَّا فَتَحْنَا خَيْبَرَ «جَهِضْنَاهُمْ عَنْ خُبْزَةٍ لَهُمْ فَقَعَدْتُ عَلَيْهَا فَأَكَلْتُ مِنْهَا حَتَّى شَبِعْتُ فَجَعَلْتُ أَنْظُرُ فِي عِطْفَيَّ هَلْ سَمِنْتُ؟»  

[Machine] I witnessed the conquest of Khaybar with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . When the people surrendered, we took possession of their belongings. The people found some sheep which Zaid said were their livestock, and there was nothing faster than the boiling pots being moved away. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw that, he ordered the pots to be brought and they were filled with the shares of each group, with ten sheep for each.  

شَهِدْتُ فَتْحَ خَيْبَرَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَلَمَّا انْهَزَمَ الْقَوْمُ وَقَعْنَا فِي رِحَالِهِمْ فَأَخَذَ النَّاسُ مَا وَجَدُوا مِنْ جُزُرٍ قَالَ زَيْدٌ وَهِيَ الْمَوَاشِي فَلَمْ يَكُنْ بِأَسْرَعَ مِنْ أَنْ فَارَتِ الْقُدُورُ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَمَرَ بِالْقُدُورِ فَأُكْفِئَتْ ثُمَّ قَسَمَ بَيْنَنَا فَجَعَلَ لِكُلِّ عَشَرَةٍ شَاةً»  

[Machine] "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, 'Plundering is not permissible, so abstain from it.' Gundar and Ibn Abi 'Adi narrated this from Shu'bah, mentioning that Tha'laba heard it from the Prophet ﷺ . This hadith has a sound chain of narration and they did not exclude it because of the hadith of Simak ibn Harb, as it was narrated once, from Tha'laba ibn al-Hakam, from Ibn Abbas, from the Prophet ﷺ ."  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «النُّهْبَةُ لَا تَحِلُّ فَأَكْفِئُوا الْقُدُورَ» وَهَكَذَا رَوَاهُ غُنْدَرٌ وَابْنُ أَبِي عَدِيٍّ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ فَذَكَرُوا سَمَاعَ ثَعْلَبَةَ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ «وَهُوَ حَدِيثٌ صَحِيحُ الْإِسْنَادِ وَلَمْ يُخَرِّجَاهُ لِحَدِيثِ سِمَاكِ بْنِ حَرْبٍ فَإِنَّهُ رَوَاهُ مَرَّةً» عَنْ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ  

[Machine] "People captured a flock of sheep on the day of Khaybar, so they slaughtered them and started cooking them. Then the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) came and ordered for the pots. They were brought to him and he said, 'The spoils are not permissible.'"  

انْتَهَبَ النَّاسُ غَنَمًا يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ فَذَبَحُوهَا فَجَعَلُوا يَطْبُخُونَ مِنْهَا فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَمَرَ بِالْقُدُورِ فَأُكْفِئَتْ وَقَالَ «إِنَّهُ لَا تَصْلُحُ النُّهْبَةُ»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "He is not one of us who steals, robs, or signals towards theft." Bukhari cited Abu Kudaynah Yahya ibn al-Muhallab as evidence.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَيْسَ مِنَّا مَنِ انْتَهَبَ أَوْ سَلَبَ أَوْ أَشَارَ بِالسَّلَبِ» قَدِ احْتَجَّ الْبُخَارِيُّ بِأَبِي كُدَيْنَةَ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْمُهَلَّبِ «وَ  

[Machine] The translation of the given sentence from Arabic to English is: "Indeed, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited secret meetings, premeditated murder, and women being trodden on until they give birth."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ «نَهَى عَنِ الْخُلْسَةِ وَالْمُجَثَّمَةِ وَأَنْ تُوطَأَ السَّبَايَا حَتَّى يَضَعْنَ مَا فِي بُطُونِهِنَّ»  

[Machine] Narrated by Abu Umamah Al-Bahili, a companion of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , from Ubada bin As-Samit, who said: "I went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to the Battle of Badr, where we encountered the enemy. When we defeated them, a group of Muslims followed them and killed them. Another group surrounded the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , while yet another group controlled the army. When Allah had granted victory and those who were killed returned, they said to us: 'You took part in the battle and killed the enemy, but we were left behind by Allah and defeated.' Those who surrounded the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'You are not more deserving of him than us. He belongs to us, as we were the ones who surrounded the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and prevented the enemy from reaching him.' And those who controlled the army said to us: 'By Allah, you are not more deserving of him than us. We were the ones who controlled the army.' Then Allah revealed the verse: 'They ask you (O Muhammad) about the spoils of war. Say: "The spoils are for Allah and the Messenger. So fear Allah and amend your relationships."' (Quran 8:1) until His saying: 'If you are believers.' So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ distributed the spoils among them accordingly."  

عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ الْبَاهِلِيِّ صَاحِبِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ خَرَجْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى بَدْرٍ نَلْقَى الْعَدُوَّ فَلَمَّا هَزَمَهُمُ اتَّبَعَهُمْ طَائِفَةٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يَقْتُلُونَهُمْ وَأَحْدَقَتْ طَائِفَةٌ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَاسْتَوْلَتْ طَائِفَةٌ بِالْعَسْكَرِ فَلَمَّا كَفَى اللَّهُ الْعَدُوَّ وَرَجَعَ الَّذِينَ قَتَلُوهُمْ قَالُوا لَنَا النَّفَلُ نَحْنُ قَتَلْنَا الْعَدُوَّ وَبِنَا نَفَاهُمُ اللَّهُ وَهَزَمَهُمْ وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا أَحْدَقُوا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا أَنْتُمْ بِأَحَقَّ بِهِ مِنَّا هُوَ لَنَا نَحْنُ أَحْدَقْنَا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَا يَنَالُ الْعَدُوُّ مِنْهُ غِرَّةً وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ اسْتَوْلَوْا عَلَى الْعَسْكَرِ وَاللَّهِ مَا أَنْتُمْ بِأَحَقَّ بِهِ مِنَّا نَحْنُ اسْتَوْلَيْنَا عَلَى الْعَسْكَرِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ﷻ {يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الْأَنْفَالِ قُلِ الْأَنْفَالُ لِلَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَصْلِحُوا ذَاتَ بَيْنِكُمْ} [الأنفال 1] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ} [البقرة 91] فَقَسَمَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَيْنَهُمْ عَنْ فُوَاقٍ  

[Machine] Among us are the companions of Badr. Then, he mentioned the hadith in its entirety. Al-Dhahabi remained silent about it in his summary.  

فِينَا مَعْشَرَ أَصْحَابِ بَدْرٍ نَزَلَتْ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ بِطُولِهِسكت عنه الذهبي في التلخيص  

[Machine] We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the Battle of Khaybar. A group went out and captured a man who had sheep under his care. They brought him to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he addressed him with words that Allah allowed him to speak. The man said to him, "I have believed in you and in what you have brought. But what about the sheep, O Messenger of Allah? They are entrusted to me and they belong to the people - ewes and rams and more than that." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Collect some branches and throw them in their faces, and they will return to their owners." So he took a handful of twigs or dirt and threw them in their faces. They scattered until each sheep returned to its owner. Then he advanced towards the formation and was hit by an arrow that killed him. He never performed a prostration for Allah. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Take him to the hidden camp." So they took him to the hidden camp of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . When the Prophet ﷺ finished, he went in to see him then came out and said, "The Islam of your companion is good. I entered upon him, and he has two wives with him from the pure, fair-eyed maidens."  

كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي غَزْوَةِ خَيْبَرَ فَخَرَجَتْ سَرِيَّةٌ فَأَخَذُوا إِنْسَانًا مَعَهُ غَنَمٌ يَرْعَاهَا فَجَاءُوا بِهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَكَلَّمَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُكَلِّمَ فَقَالَ لَهُ الرَّجُلُ إِنِّي قَدْ آمَنْتُ بِكَ وَبِمَا جِئْتَ بِهِ فَكَيْفَ بِالْغَنَمِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ فَإِنَّهَا أَمَانَةٌ وَهِيَ لِلنَّاسِ الشَّاةُ وَالشَّاتَانِ وَأَكْثَرُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ «احْصِبْ وُجُوهَهَا تَرْجِعْ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا» فَأَخَذَ قَبْضَةً مِنْ حَصْبَاءَ أَوْ تُرَابٍ فَرَمَى بِهَا وُجُوهَهَا فَخَرَجَتْ تَشْتَدُّ حَتَّى دَخَلَتْ كُلُّ شَاةٍ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا ثُمَّ تَقَدَّمَ إِلَى الصَّفِّ فَأَصَابَهُ بِهِ سَهْمٌ فَقَتَلَهُ وَلَمْ يُصَلِّ لِلَّهِ سَجْدَةً قَطُّ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَدْخِلُوهُ الْخِبَاءَ» فَأُدْخِلَ خِبَاءَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى إِذَا فَرَغَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَقَالَ «لَقَدْ حَسُنَ إِسْلَامُ صَاحِبِكُمْ لَقَدْ دَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَإِنَّ عِنْدَهُ لَزَوْجَتَيْنِ لَهُ مِنَ الْحُورِ الْعِينِ»  

[Machine] The translation of the given Arabic sentence into English is as follows: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ brought a deer with a necklace made from the spoils of war, and he divided it equally between the free women and the slave women."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَتَى بِظَبْيَةٍ فِيهَا خَرَزٌ مِنَ الْغَنِيمَةِ فَقَسَمَهَا بَيْنَ الْحُرَّةِ وَالْأَمَةِ سَوَاءً»  

"The Messenger of Allah forbade selling something from the spoils of war prior to its distribution, having intercourse with a pregnant woman until she gives birth, and (eating) the flesh of any predator that has fangs. (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4645)   

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْمَغَانِمِ حَتَّى تُقْسَمَ وَعَنِ الْحَبَالَى أَنْ يُوطَأْنَ حَتَّى يَضَعْنَ مَا فِي بُطُونِهِنَّ وَقَالَ «أَتَسْقِي زَرْعَ غَيْرِكَ؟» وَعَنْ أَكْلِ لُحُومِ الْحُمُرِ الْإِنْسِيَّةِ وَعَنْ لَحْمِ كُلِّ ذِي نَابٍ مِنَ السِّبَاعِ  

[Machine] "On the day of Khaybar, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited the sale of spoils until they are distributed."

Some of this text has been narrated with a sound chain of narrators, according to the conditions set by the two sheikhs."  

«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ عَنْ بَيْعِ الْمَغَانِمِ حَتَّى تُقْسَمَ» وَقَدْ رُوِيَ بَعْضُ هَذَا الْمَتْنِ بِإِسْنَادٍ صَحِيحٍ عَلَى شَرْطِ الشَّيْخَيْنِ صحيح  

On the day of Khaibar, Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the eating of donkey meat. (Using translation from Bukhārī 4217)  

«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ عَنْ لُحُومِ الْحُمُرِ الْأَهْلِيَّةِ وَعَنِ النِّسَاءِ الْحَبَالَى أَنْ يُوطَأْنَ حَتَّى يَضَعْنَ مَا فِي بُطُونِهِنَّ وَعَنْ كُلِّ ذِي نَابٍ مِنَ السِّبَاعِ وَعَنْ بَيْعِ الْخُمُسِ حَتَّى يُقْسَمَ» على شرط البخاري ومسلم  

[Machine] "When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ conquered Mecca, some people from the Quraysh came to him and said, 'O Muhammad, we are your allies and your people. Our messengers have caught up with you, who have no interest in Islam. They have only fled from work. So send them back to us.' Abu Bakr consulted with the Prophet about their matter. The Prophet asked Umar, 'What do you think?' He replied, 'The same as Abu Bakr.' The Prophet ﷺ said, 'O people of Quraysh, Allah will soon send among you a man from among yourselves who will test the sincerity of your hearts towards faith. He will bring your necks in submission to the religion.' Abu Bakr asked, 'Is it me, O Messenger of Allah?' He replied, 'No.' Umar asked, 'Is it me, O Messenger of Allah?' He replied, 'No, but he is one who repairs sandals in the mosque.' He used to mend the Prophet's sandals and later gave them to Ali to mend. Then the Prophet ﷺ said, 'Indeed, I have heard him say, "Do not lie about me. Whoever lies about me will enter the Fire."'"  

لَمَّا افْتَتَحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَكَّةَ أَتَاهُ نَاسٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ فَقَالُوا يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنَّا حُلَفَاؤُكَ وَقَوْمُكَ وَإِنَّهُ لَحِقَ بِكَ أَرِقَاؤُنَا لَيْسَ لَهُمْ رَغْبَةٌ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ وَإِنَّمَا فَرُّوا مِنَ الْعَمَلِ فَارْدُدْهُمْ عَلَيْنَا فَشَاوَرَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فِي أَمْرِهِمْ فَقَالَ صَدَقُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ لِعُمَرَ «مَا تَرَى؟» فَقَالَ مِثْلَ قَوْلِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ لَيَبْعَثَنَّ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ رَجُلًا مِنْكُمُ امْتَحَنَ اللَّهُ قَلْبَهُ لِلْإِيمَانِ فَيَضْرِبَ رِقَابَكُمْ عَلَى الدِّينِ» فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنَا هُوَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ «لَا» قَالَ عُمَرُ أَنَا هُوَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ «لَا وَلَكِنَّهُ خَاصِفُ النَّعْلِ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ» وَقَدْ كَانَ أَلْقَى نَعْلَهُ إِلَى عَلِيٍّ يَخْصِفُهَا ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَا إِنِّي سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ «لَا تَكْذِبُوا عَلَيَّ فَإِنَّهُ مَنْ يَكْذِبْ عَلَيَّ يَلِجِ النَّارَ»  

[Machine] That the Prophet ﷺ distributed two arrows to each of two hundred horsemen on the day of Khaybar.  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ «قَسَمَ لِمِائَتَيْ فَرَسٍ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ سَهْمَيْنِ سَهْمَيْنِ»  

from his father who said: "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Blessed are the tribes of Al-Asad and Al-Ash'arun, they flee not from fighting nor do they pilfer the spoils of war. They are from me and I am from them.'" He ('Amir) said: "So I narrated that to Mu'awiyah, and he said: "This is not how the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said it, he said: 'They are from me, and for me.' I said, this is not how my father narrated it to me, rather he narrated to me, saying: 'I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying: "They are from me and I am from them.'" So he said: 'Then you are more knowledgeable of your father's Hadith.'" (Using translation from Tirmidhī 3947)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «نِعْمَ الْحَيُّ الْأَسَدُ وَالْأَشْعَرِيُّونَ لَا يَفِرُّونَ فِي الْقِتَالِ وَلَا يُخَلُّونَ هُمْ مِنِّي وَأَنَا مِنْهُمْ» قَالَ فَحَدَّثْتُ بِهِ مُعَاوِيَةَ فَقَالَ لَيْسَ هَكَذَا إِنَّمَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «هُمْ مِنِّي وَإِلَيَّ» فَقُلْتُ لَيْسَ هَكَذَا حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي وَلَكِنَّهُ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «هُمْ مِنِّي وَأَنَا مِنْهُمْ» قَالَ فَأَنْتَ إِذًا أَعْلَمُ بِحَدِيثِ أَبِيكَ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ used to command Bilal to make a call when he received a booty. He would call three times, and then the people would raise whatever they had obtained. Then the Prophet ﷺ would command that it be divided into fifths. A man came to him with a bridle made of hair, and the booty had already been divided. The Prophet ﷺ asked him, "Have you heard Bilal making the call three times?" The man replied, "Yes." The Prophet ﷺ then asked, "What stopped you from bringing it?" The man apologized, and the Prophet ﷺ said to him, "Be the one who would deal with it on the Day of Resurrection. I will not accept it from you."  

كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِذَا أَصَابَ غَنِيمَةً أَمَرَ بِلَالًا فَنَادَى ثَلَاثًا فَيَرْفَعُ النَّاسُ مَا أَصَابُوا ثُمَّ يَأْمُرُ بِهِ فُيُخَمَّسُ فَأَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ بِزِمَامٍ مِنْ شَعْرٍ وَقَدْ قُسِمَتِ الْغَنِيمَةُ فَقَالَ لَهُ «هَلْ سَمِعْتَ بِلَالًا يُنَادِي ثَلَاثًا؟» قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ «فَمَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تَأْتِيَ بِهِ؟» فَاعْتَذَرَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ «كُنْ أَنْتَ الَّذِي تُوَافِيَ بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَإِنِّي لَنْ أَقْبَلَهُ مِنْكَ»  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, saying, "Indeed, one of the prophets from the prophets fought against the people of a city until when he was about to conquer it, he feared that the sun would set. So he said to the sun, 'O sun, you are commanded and I am commanded with my sanctity upon you, do not set for a moment from the day.' Allah imprisoned it until he conquered the city. And whenever they obtained spoils, they would bring them close to the sacrificial offering. Then the fire would come and consume it. But when they placed the sacrificial offering, the fire did not come to consume it. So they said, 'O Prophet of Allah, why is our sacrificial offering not accepted?' He said, 'You have among you a thief.' They said, 'How can we know who has the thief?' He said, 'They are twelve tribes, let the head of each tribe come and give me his pledge.' So the head of each tribe pledged allegiance to him, and the Prophet's hand stuck to the hand of a man from among them. He said, 'You have the thief.' The man said, 'How can I know which tribe he is from?' He said, 'You should summon your tribe and have them pledge allegiance to you one by one.' So he did, and his hand stuck to the hand of the man holding the spoils. Then the fire came and consumed him.' Ka'ab said, 'Allah and His Messenger have spoken the truth.' He intends in the Book of Allah, meaning the Torah. Then he said, 'O Abu Hurairah, who do you think was the prophet?' He said, 'No.' He said, 'It was Joshua bin Noon.' He said, 'Which city was it?' He said, 'It was the city of Jericho.'"  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ إِنَّ نَبِيًّا مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ قَاتَلَ أَهْلَ مَدِينَةٍ حَتَّى إِذَا كَادَ أَنْ يَفْتَتِحَهَا خَشِيَ أَنْ تَغْرُبَ الشَّمْسُ فَقَالَ لَهَا أَيَّتُهَا الشَّمْسُ إِنَّكِ مَأْمُورَةٌ وَأَنَا مَأْمُورٌ بِحُرْمَتِي عَلَيْكِ إِلَّا رَكَدْتِ سَاعَةً مِنَ النَّهَارِ قَالَ فَحَبَسَهَا اللَّهُ حَتَّى افْتَتَحَهَا وَكَانُوا إِذَا أَصَابُوا الْغَنَائِمَ قَرَّبُوهَا فِي الْقُرْبَانِ فَجَاءَتِ النَّارُ فَأَكَلَتْهَا فَلَمَّا أَصَابُوا وَضَعُوا الْقُرْبَانَ فَلَمْ تَجِئِ النَّارُ تَأْكُلْهُ فَقَالُوا يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ مَا لَنَا لَا يُقْبَلُ قُرْبَانُنَا؟ قَالَ فِيكُمْ غُلُولٌ قَالُوا وَكَيْفَ لَنَا أَنْ نَعْلَمَ مَنْ عِنْدَهُ الْغُلُولُ؟ قَالَ وَهُمُ اثْنَا عَشَرَ سِبْطًا قَالَ يُبَايِعُنِي رَأْسُ كُلِّ سِبْطٍ مِنْكُمْ فَبَايَعَهُ رَأْسُ كُلِّ سِبْطٍ قَالَ فَلَزِقَتْ كَفُّ النَّبِيِّ بِكَفِّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ فَقَالَ لَهُ عِنْدَكَ الْغُلُولُ فَقَالَ كَيْفَ لِي أَنْ أَعْلَمَ عِنْدَ أَيِّ سِبْطٍ هُوَ؟ قَالَ تَدْعُو سِبْطَكَ فَتُبَايِعْهُمْ رَجُلًا رَجُلًا قَالَ فَفَعَلَ فَلَزِقَتْ كَفُّهُ بِكَفِّ رَجُلِ الْغَنَائِمِ فَجَاءَتِ النَّارُ فَأَكَلَتْهُ فَقَالَ كَعْبٌ صَدَقَ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ هَكَذَا وَاللَّهِ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ يَعْنِي فِي التَّوْرَاةِ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ أَحَدَّثَكُمُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَيُّ نَبِيٍّ كَانَ؟ قَالَ لَا قَالَ كَعْبٌ هُوَ يُوشَعُ بْنُ نُونٍ قَالَ فَحَدَّثَكُمْ أَيُّ قَرْيَةٍ هِيَ؟ قَالَ لَا قَالَ هِيَ مَدِينَةُ أَرِيحَا  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said about the prisoners of war on the day of Badr: "If you wish, you can kill them, and if you wish, you can redeem them. If you choose to redeem them, you should listen to the redemption price offered, and if any of you is martyred, their last will should be fulfilled." Thabit ibn Qais was the last one among seventy people who were martyred at the Battle of Yamama.  

قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فِي الْأُسَارَى يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ «إِنَّ شِئْتُمْ قَتَلْتُمُوهُمْ وَإِنَّ شِئْتُمْ فَادَيْتُمُوهُمْ وَاسْتَمَعْتُمْ بِالْفِدَاءِ وَاسْتُشْهِدَ مِنْكُمْ بِعِدَّتِهِمْ فَكَانَ آخِرَ السَّبْعِينَ ثَابِتُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ اسْتُشْهِدَ بِالْيَمَامَةَ»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ransomed four hundred captives from the people of Jahiliyyah.  

جَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «فِي فِدَاءِ أُسَارَى أَهْلِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ أَرْبَعَ مِائَةٍ»  

[Machine] There were some prisoners on the day of Badr who had no ransom, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ made their ransom to be teaching the children of the Ansar how to write. A boy from the children of the Ansar came to his father and said, "What is your problem?" He said, "My teacher hit me." The evil (person) seeks to enter Badr's reward, and by Allah, it will never come to him.  

كَانَ نَاسٌ مِنَ الْأُسَارَى يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ فِدَاءٌ «فَجَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِدَاءَهُمْ أَنْ يُعَلِّمُوا أَوْلَادَ الْأَنْصَارِ الْكِتَابَةَ» قَالَ فَجَاءَ غُلَامٌ مِنْ أَوْلَادِ الْأَنْصَارِ إِلَى أَبِيهِ فَقَالَ مَا شَأْنُكَ؟ قَالَ ضَرَبَنِي مُعَلِّمِي قَالَ الْخَبِيثُ يَطْلُبُ بِدَخْلِ بَدْرٍ وَاللَّهِ لَا تَأْتِيهِ أَبَدًا  

[Machine] The translation of the given Arabic sentence into English is:

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to distribute a portion of his day's income, giving two shares to the married and one share to the unmarried.  

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِذَا جَاءَهُ فَيْءٌ قَسَّمَهُ مِنْ يَوْمِهِ فَأَعْطَى الْآهِلَ حَظَّيْنِ وَالْعَزَبَ حَظًّا»  

[Machine] "I entered along with Al-Ishtr (Abu Bakr) to Ali ibn Abi Talib on the day of the Camel (battle). I asked him, 'Did the Messenger of Allah ﷺ make a specific covenant with you, separate from the public?' He replied, 'No, he only made this covenant,' and he pulled out a piece of paper from his sheath, on which it was written, 'The believers are united in their blood, and their defense is sought by the weakest among them. They have a hand against anyone other than them; a believer should not be killed in retaliation for an unbeliever or someone who has a covenant with him.'"  

دَخَلْتُ أَنَا وَالْأَشْتَرُ عَلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ يَوْمَ الْجَمَلِ فَقُلْتُ هَلْ عَهِدَ إِلَيْكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَهْدًا دُونَ الْعَامَّةِ؟ فَقَالَ لَا إِلَّا هَذَا وَأَخْرَجَ مِنْ قِرَابِ سَيْفِهِ فَإِذَا فِيهَا «الْمُؤْمِنُونَ تَتَكَافَأُ دِمَاؤُهُمْ وَيَسْعَى بِذِمَّتِهِمْ أَدْنَاهُمْ وَهُمْ يَدٌ عَلَى مَنْ سِوَاهُمْ لَا يُقْتَلْ مُؤْمِنٌ بِكَافِرٍ وَلَا ذُو عَهْدٍ فِي عَهْدِهِ»