56. Theft
٥٦۔ كِتَابُ السَّرِقَةِ
[Machine] "O Abu Hamzah, does the thief get less than a dinar cut off? He said: Abu Bakr did cut off someone in something that does not please me, for it was three dirhams for me."
يَا أَبَا حَمْزَةَ أَيُقْطَعُ السَّارِقُ فِي أَقَلَّ مِنْ دِينَارٍ؟ قَالَ قَدْ قَطَعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فِي شَيْءٍ لَا يَسُرُّنِي أَنَّهُ لِي بِثَلَاثَةِ دَرَاهِمَ
[Machine] I attended Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq and he caught a thief stealing something worth three dirhams. It pleases me that I own three dirhams.
حَضَرْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقَ ؓ قَطَعَ سَارِقًا فِي شَيْءٍ مَا يَسْوَى ثَلَاثَةَ دَرَاهِمَ وَمَا يَسُرُّنِي أَنَّهُ لِي بِثَلَاثَةِ دَرَاهِمَ
[Machine] "And Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us that Abu Abdullah Al-Saffar narrated to us, that Abdullah ibn Ahmad ibn Hanbal narrated to me, that Amr ibn Muhammad narrated to me, that Abu Ahmad Al-Zubairi narrated to me, from Sufyan, from Shu'bah, from Qatadah, from Anas, who said: Abu Bakr cut five dirhams."
وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنبأ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الصَّفَّارُ ثنا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ حَدَّثَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ثنا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الزُّبَيْرِيُّ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ عَنْ شُعْبَةَ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ قَطَعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فِي خَمْسَةِ دَرَاهِمَ
"I heard Anas say: 'A man stole a shield during the time of Abu Bakr, the value of which was five Dirhams, and he cut off his hand."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4913)
أَنَّ رَجُلًا سَرَقَ مِجَنًّا عَلَى عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَوْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَوْ عُمَرَ فَقُوِّمَ خَمْسَةَ دَرَاهِمَ فَقَطَعَهُ
[Machine] That the Prophet ﷺ cut a shirt into pieces, the price of one piece being five dirhams, and Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) also cut a shirt into pieces, the price of one piece being five dirhams. This is what was reported in the preserved narration of Sa'id ibn Abi 'Arubah.
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَطَعَ فِي مِجَنٍّ ثَمَنُهُ خَمْسَةُ دَرَاهِمَ وَأَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ ؓ قَطَعَ فِي مِجَنٍّ ثَمَنُ خَمْسَةِ دَرَاهِمَ كَذَا قَالَ وَالْمَحْفُوظُ مِنْ حَدِيثِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ
[Machine] That Abu Bakr cut in a sheep, its price was five dirhams or four dirhams, Sa'id is doubtful.
أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ ؓ قَطَعَ فِي مِجَنٍّ ثَمَنُهُ خَمْسَةُ دَرَاهِمَ أَوْ أَرْبَعَةُ دَرَاهِمَ شَكَّ سَعِيدٌ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah and Abu Bakr and Umar were in Mijann. I asked, "How much did it equal?" He said, "Five dirhams" in the narration of Shayban, and in the narration of Musa, Abu Hilal said, "It is my understanding that the Messenger of Allah cut off the hand of a thief in Mijann." We said, "O Abu Hamza, how much did that Mijann equal?" He said, "Five dirhams."
رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ ؓ فِي مِجَنٍّ قُلْتُ كَمْ كَانَ يُسَاوِي؟ قَالَ خَمْسَةَ دَرَاهِمَ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ شَيْبَانَ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ مُوسَى قَالَ أَبُو هِلَالٍ حِفْظِي أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَطَعَ يَدَ سَارِقٍ فِي مِجَنٍّ قَالَ قُلْنَا يَا أَبَا حَمْزَةَ كَمْ كَانَ يَسْوَى ذَاكَ الْمِجَنُّ؟ قَالَ خَمْسَةَ دَرَاهِمَ
[Machine] It is narrated that the Prophet ﷺ cut a camel in five or four dirhams. Then I met Sa'id ibn Abi 'Arubah and he said it was from Abu Bakr As-Siddiq. Then I met Hisham ibn Abi Abdullah and he said it was from the Prophet ﷺ , otherwise it was from Abu Bakr. It seemed that he was doubtful about it, but the correct narration is that it was from Abu Bakr.
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَطَعَ فِي مِجَنٍّ خَمْسَةِ دَرَاهِمَ أَوْ أَرْبَعَةِ دَرَاهِمَ فَلَقِيتُ سَعِيدَ بْنَ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ فَقَالَ هُوَ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ ؓ فَلَقِيتُ هِشَامَ بْنَ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ فَقَالَ هُوَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَإِلَّا فَهُوَ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَكَأَنَّهُ شَكَّ فِيهِ وَالصَّحِيحُ أَنَّهُ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ
[Machine] That a thief stole a purse during the time of Uthman, so Uthman ordered it to be brought to him. It contained three dirhams from the exchange of twelve dirhams in a dinar. He cut off the thief's hand. Malik said, "And it is the purse that people eat from."
أَنَّ سَارِقًا سَرَقَ أُتْرُجَّةً فِي عَهْدِ عُثْمَانَ ؓ فَأَمَرَ بِهَا عُثْمَانُ فَقُوِّمَتْ ثَلَاثَةَ دَرَاهِمَ مِنْ صَرْفِ اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ دِرْهَمًا بِدِينَارٍ فَقَطَعَ يَدَهُ قَالَ مَالِكٌ وَهِيَ الْأُتْرُنْجَةُ الَّتِي يَأْكُلُهَا النَّاسُ
The prophet ﷺ used to cut off a thief’s hand for a quarter of a dinar and upwards. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4383)
الْقَطْعُ فِي رُبْعِ دِينَارٍ فَصَاعِدًا
[Machine] That Ali cut off the hand of a thief with an iron egg costing a quarter of a dinar.
أَنَّ عَلِيًّا ؓ قَطَعَ يَدَ سَارِقٍ فِي بَيْضَةٍ مِنْ حَدِيدٍ ثَمَنُ رُبْعِ دِينَارٍ
[Machine] Uthman owes Qawwam eight dirhams, but he did not pay him back.
لِعُثْمَانَ ؓ قَوِّمْهُ فَقَوَّمَهُ ثَمَانِيَةَ دَرَاهِمَ فَلَمْ يَقْطَعْهُ
[Machine] Abdullah bin Masoud said, "The hand is not to be severed except for a dinar or ten dirhams, and both of them are cut off."
قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ لَا تُقْطَعُ الْيَدُ إِلَّا فِي الدِّينَارِ أَوِ الْعَشَرَةِ دَرَاهِمَ فَكِلَاهُمَا مُنْقَطِعٌ
[Machine] He said, "The hand is not cut off except for ten dirhams." We said, "However, At-Thuwri narrated from 'Isa bin Abi Az-Zahhak, from Ash-Sha'bi, from Ibn Mas'ud, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ cut off the hand of a thief for five dirhams. This is closer to being authentic from 'Abdullah than the Hadith of Al-Mas'udi from Al-Qasim, from 'Abdullah." He (Ibn Mas'ud) said: "Then how come you did not take it?" We said: "This is a Hadith that does not contradict our Hadith. If he cut (the hand off) for three, he cut it for five or more." He (Ibn Mas'ud) said: "We have narrated from 'Umar bin Al-Khattab that he did not cut off for eight dirhams." Ash-Shafi'i said: "The narration of 'Umar is not correct." Ma'mar narrated from 'Ata Al-Khurasani from 'Umar (saying): "The punishment for theft is one-quarter of a Dinar or more." We did not see the need to rely on it, because it is not proven and no one can use the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as evidence, and the Muslims must follow his command." Ash-Shafi'i said: "So we do not rely on a Hadith that differs from us, nor do we rely on what those who have abandoned Hadith and rely solely on the apparent meaning of the Qur'an have relied upon." The Shaykh (Ash-Shafi'i) may Allah have mercy upon him) said: "As for the narration of Dawud Al-Awdi Az-Za'afiri from 'Amir Ash-Sha'bi from 'Ali, regarding cutting off (the hand), I have not come across it yet, and his narration is only in relation to the lowest amount of goods, which the scholars of his time criticized him for. If he also narrated concerning cutting (the hand) off, then it is Munkar (denounced) and Dawud cannot be relied upon with similar narrations. It has also been narrated from another obscure route from 'Ali which is weak and cannot be relied upon with similar narrations."
أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَا تُقْطَعُ الْيَدُ إِلَّا فِي عَشَرَةِ دَرَاهِمَ قُلْنَا فَقَدْ رَوَى الثَّوْرِيُّ عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ أَبِي عَزَّةَ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَطَعَ سَارِقًا فِي خَمْسَةِ دَرَاهِمَ وَهَذَا أَقْرَبُ أَنْ يَكُونَ صَحِيحًا عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ الْمَسْعُودِيِّ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ قَالَ فَكَيْفَ لَمْ تَأْخُذُوا بِهَذَا؟ قُلْنَا هَذَا حَدِيثٌ لَا يُخَالِفُ حَدِيثَنَا إِذَا قَطَعَ فِي ثَلَاثَةِ دَرَاهِمَ قَطَعَ فِي خَمْسَةٍ أَوْ أَكْثَرَ قَالَ فَقَدْ رُوِّينَا عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَقْطَعْ فِي ثَمَانِيَةِ دَرَاهِمَ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رِوَايَتُهُ عَنْ عُمَرَ ؓ غَيْرُ صَحِيحَةٍ وَقَدْ رَوَى مَعْمَرٌ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ الْخُرَاسَانِيِّ عَنْ عُمَرَ ؓ الْقَطْعُ فِي رُبْعِ دِينَارٍ فَصَاعِدًا فَلَمْ نَرَ أَنْ نَحْتَجَّ بِهِ؛ لِأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِثَابِتٍ وَلَيْسَ لِأَحَدٍ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ حُجَّةٌ وَعَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ اتِّبَاعُ أَمْرِهِ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ ؓ فَلَا إِلَى حَدِيثٍ صَحِيحٍ ذَهَبَ مَنْ خَالَفَنَا وَلَا إِلَى مَا ذَهَبَ إِلَيْهِ مَنْ تَرَكَ الْحَدِيثَ وَاسْتَعْمَلَ ظَاهِرَ الْقُرْآنَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ أَمَّا رِوَايَةُ دَاوُدَ الْأَوْدِيِّ الزَّعَافِرِيِّ عَنْ عَامِرٍ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ فِي الْقَطْعِ فَلَمْ أَقِفْ عَلَيْهَا بَعْدُ وَإِنَّمَا رِوَايَتُهُ فِي أَقَلِّ الصَّدَاقِ وَقَدْ أَنْكَرَهَا عَلَيْهِ عُلَمَاءُ عَصْرِهِ فَإِنْ كَانَ قَدْ رَوَى أَيْضًا فِي الْقَطْعِ فَهُوَ مُنْكَرٌ وَدَاوُدُ لَا يُحْتَجُّ بِمِثْلِهِ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ مُظْلِمٍ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ لَا يُحْتَجُّ بِمِثْلِهِ
[Machine] Narrated by Ibn Mas'ud, and he was contradicted by Al-Mas'udi who transmitted it as he heard it, and the one who transmitted it in opposition to him is not weaker than him.
عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَخَالَفَهُ الْمَسْعُودِيُّ فَرَوَاهُ مُرْسَلًا كَمَا مَضَى وَالَّذِي رَوَى فِي مُعَارَضَتِهِ لَيْسَ بِأَضْعَفَ مِنْهُ
[Machine] "Peace be upon him, he cut a vein that was worth five dirhams. As for the narration of Umar, we have mentioned that it was severed from the perspective that it was only."
ﷺ قَطَعَ فِي مِجَنٍّ قِيمَتُهُ خَمْسَةُ دَرَاهِمَ وَأَمَّا حَدِيثُ عُمَرَ ؓ فَقَدْ ذَكَرْنَا انْقِطَاعَهُ مِنْ جِهَةِ أَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا
عَنْ عُمَرَ ؓ وَهُوَ مُنْقَطِعٌ
[Machine] He heard Abu Hurairah and Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri saying: cutting (money) into four dirhams and above. The Sheikh, may Allah have mercy on him, said: It is possible that they said it when the exchange of a quarter dinar for four dirhams occurred, and this is what we have narrated from Umar, and from others regarding five dirhams. It is possible that this occurred when the exchange rate changed. The original amount is a quarter dinar according to what has been established from the Sunnah.
أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ وَأَبَا سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيَّ يَقُولَانِ الْقَطْعُ فِي أَرْبَعَةِ دَرَاهِمَ فَصَاعِدًا قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ يُحْتَمَلُ أَنْ يَكُونَا إِنَّمَا قَالَاهُ حِينَ صَارَ صَرْفُ رُبْعِ دِينَارٍ بِأَرْبَعَةِ دَرَاهِمَ وَكَذَلِكَ مَا رُوِّينَا عَنْ عُمَرَ ؓ وَعَنْ غَيْرِهِ فِي الْخَمْسِ يُحْتَمَلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ ذَلِكَ عِنْدَ تَغَيُّرِ الصَّرْفِ وَالْأَصْلُ فِي النِّصَابِ هُوَ رُبْعُ دِينَارٍ بِدَلَالَةِ مَا مَضَى مِنَ السُّنَّةِ الثَّابِتَةِ
"It has not been too long and I have not forgotten yet. Cutting off (the hand of the thief) is for one-quarter of a Dinar or more." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4927)
أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَتْ مَا طَالَ عَلَيَّ وَمَا نَسِيتُ الْقَطْعُ فِي رُبْعِ دِينَارٍ فَصَاعِدًا