[Machine] Ibrahim and Sha'bi said, "When the people of the Book sought the judgement of the Muslim rulers, if they wished, they would judge between them, and if they wished, they would turn away from them. If they judged, they would judge according to what Allah revealed."  

عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَالشَّعْبِيِّ قَالَا إِذَا ارْتَفَعَ أَهْلُ الْكِتَابِ إِلَى حُكَّامِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِنْ شَاءَ حَكَمَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَإِنْ شَاءَ أَعْرَضَ عَنْهُمْ فَإِنْ حَكَمَ حَكَمَ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ  

[Machine] About Ibrahim Al-Taimi in his saying "فَاحْكُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْقِسْطِ" [Al-Ma'idah 42], he said by stoning.  

عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ التَّيْمِيِّ فِي قَوْلِهِ {فَاحْكُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ بِالْقِسْطِ} [المائدة 42] قَالَ بِالرَّجْمِ  

[Machine] Keep a distance between the people of the Book and their rulers, but if they come to you seeking assistance, then apply what is in your scripture upon them.  

خَلُّوا بَيْنَ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ وَبَيْنَ حُكَّامِهِمْ فَإِنِ ارْتَفَعُوا إِلَيْكُمْ فَأَقِيمُوا عَلَيْهِمْ مَا فِي كِتَابِكُمْ  

The Jews brought to the Prophet ﷺ a man and a woman from among them who had committed illegal sexual intercourse. The Prophet ﷺ said to them, "How do you usually punish the one amongst you who has committed illegal sexual intercourse?" They replied, "We blacken their faces with coal and beat them," He said, "Don't you find the order of Ar-Rajm (i.e. stoning to death) in the Torah?" They replied, "We do not find anything in it." ʿAbdullah bin Salam (after hearing this conversation) said to them. "You have told a lie! Bring here the Torah and recite it if you are truthful." (So the Jews brought the Torah). And the religious teacher who was teaching it to them, put his hand over the Verse of Ar- Rajm and started reading what was written above and below the place hidden with his hand, but he did not read the Verse of Ar-Rajm. ʿAbdullah bin Salam removed his (i.e. the teacher's) hand from the Verse of Ar-Rajm and said, "What is this?" So when the Jews saw that Verse, they said, "This is the Verse of Ar-Rajm." So the Prophet ﷺ ordered the two adulterers to be stoned to death, and they were stoned to death near the place where biers used to be placed near the Mosque. I saw her companion (i.e. the adulterer) bowing over her so as to protect her from the stones. (Using translation from Bukhārī 4556)   

أَنَّ الْيَهُودَ جَاءُوا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِرَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ وَامْرَأَةٍ زَنَيَا فَقَالَ كَيْفَ تَعْمَلُونَ بِمَنْ زَنَى مِنْكُمْ؟ قَالُوا نَضْرِبُهُمَا وَنُحَمِّمُهُمَا بِأَيْدِينَا فَقَالَ مَا تَجِدُونَ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ؟ قَالُوا لَا نَجْدُ فِيهَا شَيْئًا فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَلَامٍ كَذَبْتُمْ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ الرَّجْمُ فَأْتُوا بِالتَّوْرَاةِ فَاتْلُوهَا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ صَادِقِينَ فَجَاءُوا بِالتَّوْرَاةِ فَوَضَعَ مِدْرَاسُهَا الَّذِي يَدْرُسُهَا كَفَّهُ عَلَى آيَةِ الرَّجْمِ فَطَفِقَ يَقْرَأُ مَا دُونَ يَدِهِ وَمَا وَرَاءَهَا وَلَا يَقْرَأُ آيَةَ الرَّجْمِ فَضَرَبَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَلَامٍ يَدَهُ فَقَالَ مَا هَذَا؟ قَالَ هِيَ آيَةُ الرَّجْمِ فَأَمَرَ بِهِمَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَرُجِمَا قَرِيبٌ مِنْ حَيْثُ تُوضَعُ الْجَنَائِزُ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ فَرَأَيْتُ صَاحِبَهَا يَحْنِي عَلَيْهَا يَقِيهَا الْحِجَارَةَ  

The people passed by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with a Jew who was blackened with charcoal and who was being flogged. He called them and said: Is this the prescribed punishment for a fornicator? They said: Yes. He then called on a learned man among them and asked him: I adjure you by Allah Who revealed the Torah to Moses, do you find this prescribed punishment for a fornicator in your divine Book? He said: By Allah, no. If you had not adjured me about this, I should not have informed you. We find stoning to be prescribed punishment for a fornicator in our Divine Book. But it (fornication) became frequent in our people of rank; so when we seized a person of rank, we left him alone, and when we seized a weak person, we inflicted the prescribed punishment on him. So we said: Come, let us agree on something which may be enforced equally on people of higher and lower rank. So we agreed to blacken the face of a criminal with charcoal, and flog him, and we abandoned stoning. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then said: O Allah, I am the first to give life to Thy command which they have killed. So he commanded regarding him (the Jew) and he was stoned to death. Allah Most High then sent down: "O Apostle, let not those who race one another into unbelief, make thee grieve..." up to "They say: If you are given this, take it, but if not, beware!...." up to "And if any do fail to judge by (the light of) what Allah hath revealed, they are (no better than) unbelievers," about Jews, up to "And if any do fail to judge by (the right of) what Allah hath revealed, they are no better than) wrong-doers" about Jews: and revealed the verses up to "And if any do fail to judge by (the light of) what Allah hath revealed, they are (no better than) those who rebel." About this he said: This whole verse was revealed about the infidels. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4448)   

مُرَّ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِيَهُودِيٍّ مُحَمَّمٍ مَجْذُومٍ فَدَعَاهُمْ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ هَكَذَا تَجِدُونَ حَدَّ الزَّانِي فِي كِتَابِكُمْ؟ قَالُوا نَعَمْ فَدَعَا رَجُلًا مِنْ عُلَمَائِهِمْ فَقَالَ أَنْشُدُكَ اللهَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ التَّوْرَاةَ عَلَى مُوسَى هَكَذَا تَجِدُونَ حَدَّ الزَّانِي فِي كِتَابِكُمْ؟ فَقَالَ اللهُمَّ لَا وَلَوْلَا أَنَّكَ نَشَدْتَنِي بِهَذَا لَمْ أُخْبِرْكَ نَجِدُ حَدَّ الزَّانِي فِي كِتَابِنَا الرَّجْمَ وَلَكِنَّهُ كَثُرَ فِي أَشْرَافِنَا فَكُنَّا إِذَا أَخَذْنَا الشَّرِيفَ تَرَكْنَاهُ وَإِذَا أَخَذْنَا الضَّعِيفَ أَقَمْنَا عَلَيْهِ الْحَدَّ فَقُلْنَا تَعَالَوْا فَلْنَجْتَمِعْ عَلَى شَيْءٍ نُقِيمُهُ عَلَى الشَّرِيفِ وَالضَّعِيفِ فَاجْتَمَعْنَا عَلَى التَّحْمِيمِ وَالْجَلْدِ مَكَانَ الرَّجْمِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ اللهُمَّ إِنِّي أَوَّلُ مَنْ أَحْيَا أَمْرًا إِذْ أَمَاتُوهُ فَأَمَرَ بِهِ فَرُجِمَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ {يَا أَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ لَا يَحْزُنْكَ الَّذِينَ يُسَارِعُونَ فِي الْكُفْرِ} [المائدة 41] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {يَقُولُونَ إِنْ أُوتِيتُمْ هَذَا فَخُذُوهُ} [المائدة 41] يَقُولُونَ ائْتُوا مُحَمَّدًا فَإِنْ أَفْتَاكُمْ بِالتَّحْمِيمِ وَالْجَلْدِ فَخُذُوهُ وَإِنْ أَفْتَاكُمْ بِالرَّجْمِ فَاحْذَرُوا إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْكَافِرُونَ} [المائدة 44] قَالَ فِي الْيَهُودِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الظَّالِمُونَ} [المائدة 45] قَالَ فِي الْيَهُودِ قَالَ قَوْلُهُ {وَمَنْ لَمْ يَحْكُمْ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ فَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْفَاسِقُونَ} [المائدة 47] قَالَ فِي الْكُفَّارِ كُلُّهَا  

[Machine] That the Jewish scholars gathered in the house of the school when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ arrived in the city, and one of them committed adultery with a woman from the Jews who had been chaste. They said, "Take this man and this woman to Muhammad and ask him how to judge them." So, they brought him to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "O Muhammad, this man has committed adultery with a woman whom you have declared chaste, so judge between them, as we have entrusted the judgment to you." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ went until he reached their Jewish scholars in the house of the school, and he said, "O Jewish people, bring forth your most knowledgeable person to me." They brought Abdullah ibn Suriyah al-Awar and some of the Banu Quraizah claimed that they also brought Abu Yasir ibn Akhtab and Wahb ibn Yahuda. They said, "These are our scholars." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to them when he found out about their deceptive intentions, "O Ibn Suriyah, I ask you by Allah and remind you of the days of Bani Israel, do you know that Allah has prescribed stoning as a punishment for those who commit adultery after being chaste according to the Torah?" Ibn Suriyah replied, "Yes, by Allah, O Aba Al-Qasim, they know that you are a sent prophet, but they envy you." So, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered that they be stoned to death at the gate of his mosque in the house of Banu Ghannam bin Malik. After that, Ibn Suriyah apostatized. Then Allah revealed the verse, "O Messenger, let not those who hurry to disbelief grieve you - of those who say, 'We believe' with their mouths, but their hearts believe not, and from among the Jews. [They are] avid listeners to falsehood, listening to another people who have not come to you. They distort words beyond their [proper] usages, saying, 'If you are given this, take it; but if you are not given it, then beware.' And he for whom Allah intends fitnah - never will you possess [power to do] for him a thing against Allah. Those are the ones for whom Allah does not intend to purify their hearts. For them in this world is disgrace, and for them in the Hereafter is a great punishment." (Quran 5:41)  

أَنَّ أَحْبَارَ يَهُودَ اجْتَمَعُوا فِي بَيْتِ الْمِدْرَاسِ حِينَ قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ وَقَدْ زَنَى مِنْهُمْ رَجُلٌ بَعْدَ إِحْصَانِهِ بِامْرَأَةٍ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ قَدْ أَحْصَنَتْ فَقَالَ انْطَلِقُوا بِهَذَا الرَّجُلِ وَبِهَذِهِ الْمَرْأَةِ إِلَى مُحَمَّدٍ فَسَلُوهُ كَيْفَ الْحَكَمُ فِيهِمَا؟ وَوَلُّوهُ الْحُكْمَ عَلَيْهِمَا فَإِنْ عَمِلَ بِعَمَلِكُمْ فِيهِمَا مِنَ التَّجْبِيَةِ وَهُوَ الْجَلْدُ بِحَبْلٍ مِنْ لِيفٍ مَطْلِيٍّ بِقَارٍ ثُمَّ يُسَوَّدُ وُجُوهُهُمَا ثُمَّ يُحْمَلَانِ عَلَى حِمَارَيْنِ وَيُحَوَّلُ وُجُوهُهُمَا مِنْ قُبُلٍ إِلَى دُبُرِ الْحِمَارِ فَاتَّبِعُوهُ وَصَدِّقُوهُ فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ مَلِكٌ وَإِنْ هُوَ حَكَمَ فِيهِمَا بِالرَّجْمِ فَاحْذَرُوا عَلَى مَا فِي أَيْدِيكُمْ أَنْ يَسْلُبَكُمُوهُ فَأَتَوْهُ فَقَالُوا يَا مُحَمَّدُ هَذَا الرَّجُلُ قَدْ زَنَى بَعْدَ إِحْصَانِهِ بِامْرَأَةٍ قَدْ أَحْصَنْتَ فَاحْكُمْ فِيهِمَا فَقَدْ وَلَّيْنَاكَ الْحُكْمَ فِيهِمَا فَمَشَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى أَتَى أَحْبَارَهُمْ فِي بَيْتِ الْمِدْرَاسِ فَقَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ يَهُودَ أَخْرِجُوا إِلِيَّ أَعْلَمَكُمْ فَأَخْرَجُوا إِلَيْهِ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ صُورِيَا الْأَعْوَرَ وَقَدْ رَوَى بَعْضُ بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ أَنَّهُمْ أَخْرَجُوا إِلَيْهِ يَوْمَئِذٍ مَعَ ابْنِ صُورِيَا أَبَا يَاسِرِ بْنَ أَخْطَبَ وَوَهْبَ بْنَ يَهُوذَا فَقَالُوا هَؤُلَاءِ عُلَمَاؤُنَا فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حِينَ خَطِلَ أَمْرُهُمْ إِلَى أَنْ قَالُوا لِابْنِ صُورِيَا هَذَا أَعْلَمُ مَنْ بَقِيَ بِالتَّوْرَاةِ فَخَلَا بِهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَكَانَ غُلَامًا شَابًّا مِنْ أَحْدَثِهِمْ سِنًّا فَأَلَظَّ بِهِ الْمَسْأَلَةَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ لَهُ يَا ابْنَ صُورِيَا أَنْشُدُكَ اللهَ وَأُذَكِّرُكَ أَيَّامَهُ عِنْدَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ هَلْ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ اللهَ حَكَمَ فِيمَنْ زَنَى بَعْدَ إِحْصَانِهِ بِالرَّجْمِ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ؟ فَقَالَ اللهُمَّ نَعَمْ أَمَا وَاللهِ يَا أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ إِنَّهُمْ لَيَعْرِفُونَ أَنَّكَ نَبِيُّ مُرْسَلٌ وَلَكِنَّهُمْ يَحْسِدُونَكَ فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَمَرَ بِهِمَا فَرُجِمَا عِنْدَ بَابِ مَسْجِدِهِ فِي بَنِي غَنْمِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ النَّجَّارِ ثُمَّ كَفَرَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ ابْنُ صُورِيَا فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ {يَا أَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ لَا يَحْزُنْكَ الَّذِينَ يُسَارِعُونَ فِي الْكُفْرِ} [المائدة 41] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {سَمَّاعُونَ لِقَوْمٍ آخَرِينَ لَمْ يَأْتُوكَ} [المائدة 41] يَعْنِي الَّذِينَ لَمْ يَأْتُوهُ وَبَعَثُوا وَتَخَلَّفُوا وَأَمَرُوهُمْ بِمَا أَمَرُوهُمْ بِهِ مِنْ تَحْرِيفِ الْحُكْمِ عَنْ مَوَاضِعِهِ قَالَ {يُحَرِّفُونَ الْكَلِمَ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَوَاضِعِهِ يَقُولُونَ إِنْ أُوتِيتُمْ هَذَا فَخُذُوهُ} [المائدة 41] لِلتَّجْبِيَةِ {وَإِنْ لَمْ تُؤْتَوْهُ} [المائدة 41] أَيِ الرَّجْمِ {فَاحْذَرُوا} [المائدة 41] إِلَى آخِرِ الْقِصَّةِ 17120 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ يَحْيَى أَبُو الْأَصْبَغِ الْحَرَّانِيُّ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَجُلًا مِنْ مُزَيْنَةَ يُحَدِّثُ سَعِيدَ بْنَ الْمُسَيِّبِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ زَنَى رَجُلٌ وَامْرَأَةٌ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ وَقَدْ أُحْصِنَا حِينَ قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ وَقَدْ كَانَ الرَّجْمُ مَكْتُوبًا عَلَيْهِمْ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ فَتَرَكُوهُ وَأَخَذُوا بِالتَّجْبِيَةِ يُضْرَبُ مِائَةً بِحَبْلٍ مَطْلِيٍّ بِقَارٍ يُحْمَلُ عَلَى حِمَارٍ وَوَجْهُهُ مِمَّا يَلِي دُبُرَ الْحِمَارِ فَاجْتَمَعَ أَحْبَارٌ مِنْ أَحْبَارِهِمْ فَبَعَثُوا قَوْمًا آخَرِينَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالُوا سَلُوهُ عَنْ حَدِّ الزَّانِي قَالَ وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ قَالَ فِيهِ قَالَ وَلَمْ يَكُونُوا مِنْ أَهْلِ دِينِهِ فَيَحْكُمَ بَيْنَهُمْ فَخُيِّرَ فِي ذَلِكَ قَالَ {فَإِنْ جَاءُوكَ فَاحْكُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ أَوْ أَعْرِضْ عَنْهُمْ}  

[Machine] "To establish the punishment upon the Muslim and return the Christian to their religion," Al-Shafi'i said, "If this is confirmed for you, it indicates to you that the imam has the choice to rule between them or to leave the judgment to them, so he rejected the hadith of Bajalah."  

أَنْ أَقِمِ الْحَدَّ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِ وَادْفَعِ النَّصْرَانِيَّةَ إِلَى أَهْلِ دِينِهَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ فَإِنْ كَانَ هَذَا ثَابِتًا عِنْدَكَ فَهُوَ يَدُلُّكَ عَلَى أَنَّ الْإِمَامَ مُخَيَّرٌ فِي أَنْ يَحْكُمَ بَيْنَهُمْ أَوْ يَتْرُكَ الْحُكْمَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَعُورِضَ بِحَدِيثِ بَجَالَةَ  

[Machine] That the Prophet ﷺ received it from the Magi of Hijar 17123. Abu Sa'id informed us, Abu al-Abbas informed us, Al-Rabi' said: Al-Shafi'i said: I said to him, "It is the narration of an unknown man who is not well-known, and we do not rely on the narration of an unknown person. We do not know that Jaziyyah ibn Mu'awiya was an agent of Umar ibn al-Khattab." Then he continued his speech until he said, "And we do not know anyone of the people of knowledge who narrated from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ except in the two incidents of the two stonings. And we do not know anyone among his companions who narrated from him except what Jaziyyah narrated that is in agreement with the ruling of Islam, and Simak ibn Harb narrated from Ali that is in agreement with our saying that the Imam does not have the right to rule except as he wants. And these two narrations, although they do not contradict us, are not well-known to us. And we hope not to be among those who use their arguments against those who disagree with them to accept the report of someone whose report is not confirmed according to their knowledge. Thus said al-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, in the book of Al-Hudud, and he mentioned in the book of Al-Jizyah that the Imam does not have the option in any of the treaties with Muslims who come to him in the punishment of Allah, and it is his duty to impose it, and he relied on the saying of Allah, "Until they give the Jizyah willingly, while they are humbled." (Surah At-Tawbah: 29). He said, "Thus, the adults, and Allah knows best, are subject to the ruling of Islam." He mentioned in this book the Hadith of Bajalah in Al-Jizyah and said that the Hadith of Bajalah is connected and proven, as he witnessed the time of Umar, and he was a man in his time writing for his workers. It is as if Al-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, did not know the status of Bajalah ibn Abd, and it is said Ibn Abdah when he wrote the book of Al-Hudud and then stood on it when he wrote the book of Al-Jizyah, if he wrote it after. The Hadith of Bajalah is one of the matters on which Al-Bukhari and Muslim differ, so Muslim left it, and Al-Bukhari included it in the Sahih, narrated by Ali ibn Abdullah al-Madini, from Sufyan ibn Uyaynah. And the Hadith of Ali is Mursal, and Qabous ibn Mukhariq is not used as evidence. And Allah knows best. Al-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said in the old book of Al-Qada', and some of the scholars claimed that Awf al-Arabi narrated it from Al-Hasan.  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَخَذَهَا مِنْ مَجُوسِ هَجَرَ 17123 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبَو سَعِيدٍ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ ثنا الرَّبِيعُ قَالَ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ بَجَالَةُ رَجُلٌ مَجْهُولٌ وَلَيْسَ بِالْمَشْهُوَرِ وَلَسْنَا نَحْتَجُّ بِرِوَايَةِ مَجْهُولٍ وَلَا نَعْرِفُ أَنْ جَزِيَّ بْنَ مُعَاوِيَةَ كَانَ عَامِلًا لِعُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ ثُمَّ سَاقَ الْكَلَامَ عَلَيْهِ إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ وَلَا نَعْلَمُ أَحَدًا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ رَوَى عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ الْحُكْمَ بَيْنَهُمْ إِلَّا فِي الْمُوَادَعَيْنِ اللَّذَيْنِ رُجِمَا وَلَا نَعْلَمُ عَنْ أَحَدٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ بَعْدَهُ إِلَّا مَا رَوَى بَجَالَةُ مِمَّا يُوَافِقُ حُكْمَ الْإِسْلَامِ وَسِمَاكُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ مِمَّا يُوَافِقُ قَوْلَنَا فِي أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ لِلْإِمَامِ أَنْ يَحْكُمَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَشَاءَ وَهَاتَانِ الرُّوَايَتَانِ وَإِنْ لَمْ تُخَالِفْنَا غَيْرُ مَعْرُوفَتَيْنِ عِنْدَنَا وَنَحْنُ نَرْجُو أَنْ لَا نَكُونَ مِمَّنْ تَدَعُوهُ الْحُجَّةُ عَلَى مَنْ خَالَفَهُ إِلَى قَبُولِ خَبَرِ مَنْ لَا يَثْبُتُ خَبَرُهُ بِمَعْرِفَتِهِ عِنْدَهُ كَذَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فِي كِتَابِ الْحُدُودِ وَنَصَّ فِي كِتَابِ الْجِزْيَةِ عَلَى أَنْ لَيْسَ لِلْإِمَامِ الْخِيَارُ فِي أَحَدٍ مِنَ الْمُعَاهِدِينَ الَّذِينَ يَجْرِي عَلَيْهِمُ الْحُكْمُ إِذَا جَاءُوهُ فِي حَدِّ اللهِ وَعَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُقِيمَهُ وَاحْتَجَّ بِقَوْلِ اللهِ ﷻ {حَتَّى يُعْطُوا الْجِزْيَةَ عَنْ يَدٍ وَهُمْ صَاغِرُونَ} [التوبة 29] قَالَ فَكَانَ الصَّغَارُ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ أَنْ يَجْرِيَ عَلَيْهِمْ حُكْمُ الْإِسْلَامِ وَذَكَرَ فِي هَذَا الْكِتَابِ حَدِيثَ بَجَالَةَ فِي الْجِزْيَةِ وَقَالَ حَدِيثُ بَجَالَةَ مُتَّصِلٌ ثَابِتٌ؛ لِأَنَّهُ أَدْرَكَ عُمَرَ ؓ وَكَانَ رَجُلًا فِي زَمَانِهِ كَاتِبًا لِعُمَّالِهِ وَكَأَنَّ الشَّافِعِيَّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ لَمْ يَقِفْ عَلَى حَالِ بَجَالَةَ بْنِ عَبْدٍ وَيُقَالُ ابْنُ عَبْدَةَ حِينَ صَنَّفَ كِتَابَ الْحُدُودِ ثُمَّ وَقَفَ عَلَيْهِ حِينَ صَنَّفَ كِتَابَ الْجِزْيَةِ إِنْ كَانَ صَنَّفَهُ بَعْدَهُ وَحَدِيثُ بَجَالَةَ أَحَدُ مَا اخْتَلَفَ فِيهِ الْبُخَارِيُّ وَمُسْلِمٌ فَتَرَكَهُ مُسْلِمٌ وَأَخْرَجَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْمَدِينِيِّ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ وَحَدِيثُ عَلِيٍّ ؓ مُرْسَلٌ وَقَابُوسُ بْنُ مُخَارِقٍ غَيْرُ مُحْتَجٍّ بِهِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فِي الْقَدِيمِ فِي كِتَابِ الْقَضَاءِ وَقَدْ زَعَمَ بَعْضُ الْمُحَدِّثِينَ عَنْ عَوْفٍ الْأَعْرَابِيِّ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ  

[Machine] Between the Magi and what they have in common with the women who are not united by anyone from the people of different religions other than themselves? Adi asked Al-Hasan, who informed him that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had accepted the jizyah from the Magi of the people of Bahrain and acknowledged their Magian beliefs. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ dealt with Al-‘Alā bin Al-Hadrami in Bahrain, and Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) after the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) after Abu Bakr, and ‘Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) after ‘Umar. The sheikh (may Allah have mercy on him) said, "This narrative only indicates that they are left alone and their affairs are left between them as long as they do not bring their disputes to us. But if they raise their dispute to us, we will judge among them according to what Allah has revealed. It has been narrated from Ibn Abbas that the verse of choice in judgment has been abrogated."  

بَيْنَ الْمَجُوسِ وَبَيْنَ مَا يَجْمَعُونَ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ اللَّاتِي لَا يَجْمَعُهُنَّ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمِلَلِ غَيْرُهُمْ؟ قَالَ فَسَأَلَ عَدِيٌّ الْحَسَنَ فَأَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَدْ قَبِلَ مِنْ مَجُوسِ أَهْلِ الْبَحْرَيْنِ الْجِزْيَةَ وَأَقَرَّهُمْ عَلَى مَجُوسِيَّتِهِمْ وَعَامِلُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى الْبَحْرَيْنِ الْعَلَاءُ بْنُ الْحَضْرَمِيِّ وَأَقَرَّهُمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَقَرَّهُمْ عُمَرُ بَعْدَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ وَأَقَرَّهُمْ عُثْمَانُ ؓ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَهَذَا الْأَثَرُ إِنَّمَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّهُمْ يُتْرَكُونَ وَأَمْرَهُمْ فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ مَا لَمْ يَتَحَاكَمُوا إِلَيْنَا فَإِذَا تَرَافَعُوا إِلَيْنَا فِي حُكْمٍ حَكَمْنَا بَيْنَهُمْ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ مَا دَلَّ عَلَى أَنَّ آيَةَ التَّخْيِيرِ فِي الْحُكْمِ صَارَتْ مَنْسُوخَةً  

[Machine] There are two verses in this Surah that have been abrogated, meaning Surah Al-Ma'idah, verse 42: "So judge between them or turn away from them." The Prophet ﷺ was given the choice to either judge between them or turn away from them and leave their affairs to their rulers. Then verse 49 was revealed: "And judge between them by what Allah has revealed and do not follow their inclinations." The Prophet ﷺ was commanded to judge between them by what was revealed in our Book. This was also narrated by 'Atiyyah al-'Awfi from Ibn 'Abbas in regards to ruling, and 'Ikrimah also mentioned it.  

آيَتَانِ نُسِخَتَا مِنْ هَذِهِ السُّورَةِ يَعْنِي الْمَائِدَةَ آيَةُ الْقَلَائِدِ وَقَوْلُهُ {فَاحْكُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ أَوْ أَعْرِضْ عَنْهُمْ} [المائدة 42] قَالَ فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مُخَيَّرًا إِنْ شَاءَ حَكَمَ بَيْنَهُمْ وَإِنْ شَاءَ أَعْرَضَ عَنْهُمْ فَرَدَّهُمْ إِلَى حُكَّامِهِمْ قَالَ ثُمَّ نَزَلَتْ {وَأَنِ احْكُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ وَلَا تَتَّبِعْ أَهْوَاءَهُمْ} [المائدة 49] قَالَ فَأُمِرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَنْ يَحْكُمَ بَيْنَهُمْ بِمَا فِي كِتَابِنَا وَرَوَاهُ أَيْضًا عَطِيَّةُ الْعَوْفِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي الْحُكْمِ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ عِكْرِمَةَ  

[Machine] "And judge between them by what Allah has revealed and do not follow their desires." [Al-Ma'idah 49]  

{وَأَنِ احْكُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ بِمَا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ وَلَا تَتَّبِعْ أَهْوَاءَهُمْ} [المائدة 49]