"I heard Mujahid narrating from Abu Ayyash Az-Zuraqi"- Shu'bah said: "He had written it for me, and I read it before him, and I heard him narrating it; rather, I even memorized it." Ibn Bashshar said: "I memorized it from the book"- "The Prophet ﷺ was drawing up ranks facing the enemy in 'Usfan when the idolaters were led by Khalid bin Al-Walid. The Prophet ﷺ led them in praying Zuhr. The idolaters said: 'They have a prayer after this that is dearer to them than their wealth and sons.' Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ led them in praying 'Asr. He divided them into two rows, behind him. He led them all in bowing, then when they raised their heads he led the row that was closest to him in prostrating, while the others remained standing. When they raised their heads from prostration, the second row prostrated, as they had already bowed with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Then the front row moved forward, so each of them took the place of his companion. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ led them all in bowing, then when they raised their heads from bowing, the row that was closest to him prostrated while the others remained standing, then when they had finished prostrating, the others prostrated, then the Prophet ﷺ said the taslim for all of them together.  

شُعْبَةُ كَتَبَ بِهِ إِلَىَّ وَقَرَأْتُهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَمِعْتُهُ مِنْهُ يُحَدِّثُ وَلَكِنِّي حَفِظْتُهُ قَالَ ابْنُ بَشَّارٍ فِي حَدِيثِهِ حِفْظِي مِنَ الْكِتَابِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ مُصَافَّ الْعَدُوِّ بِعُسْفَانَ وَعَلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ فَصَلَّى بِهِمُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الظُّهْرَ قَالَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ إِنَّ لَهُمْ صَلاَةً بَعْدَ هَذِهِ هِيَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْهِمْ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ وَأَبْنَائِهِمْ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْعَصْرَ فَصَفَّهُمْ صَفَّيْنِ خَلْفَهُ فَرَكَعَ بِهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ جَمِيعًا فَلَمَّا رَفَعُوا رُءُوسَهُمْ سَجَدَ بِالصَّفِّ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ وَقَامَ الآخَرُونَ فَلَمَّا رَفَعُوا رُءُوسَهُمْ مِنَ السُّجُودِ سَجَدَ الصَّفُّ الْمُؤَخَّرُ بِرُكُوعِهِمْ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ تَأَخَّرَ الصَّفُّ الْمُقَدَّمُ وَتَقَدَّمَ الصَّفُّ الْمُؤَخَّرُ فَقَامَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ فِي مَقَامِ صَاحِبِهِ ثُمَّ رَكَعَ بِهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ جَمِيعًا فَلَمَّا رَفَعُوا رُءُوسَهُمْ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ سَجَدَ الصَّفُّ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ وَقَامَ الآخَرُونَ فَلَمَّا فَرَغُوا مِنْ سُجُودِهِمْ سَجَدَ الآخَرُونَ ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَلَيْهِمْ  

[Machine] We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in a palm grove when he prayed the Zuhr prayer with his companions. The polytheists understood their prayer and said, "Leave them, for they have a prayer after this one that is more beloved to them than their own children." Then Jibril descended to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and informed him, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed with his companions. He lined them up in two rows, and he stood in front of them. They all made the takbeer and then those who were behind the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and the others prostrated, while the rest remained standing. When those who had prostrated raised their heads, the others prostrated, and when they stood up for the second rak'ah, those behind the first row were delayed and the people in the second row advanced to the first row. So, they all bowed down together, and when they raised their heads from the bow, those who had been behind the Prophet ﷺ and the others prostrated while standing. And when they raised their heads, the others prostrated.  

كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي نَخْلٍ فَصَلَّى بِأَصْحَابِهِ صَلَاةَ الظُّهْرِ قَالَ فَهَمَّ بِهِمُ الْمُشْرِكُونَ قَالَ فَقَالُوا دَعُوهُمْ فَإِنَّ لَهُمْ صَلَاةً بَعْدَ هَذِهِ هِيَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْهِمْ مِنْ أَبْنَائِهِمْ قَالَ فَنَزَلَ جِبْرِيلُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرَهُ فَصَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِأَصْحَابِهِ فَصَفَّهُمْ صَفَّيْنِ وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَيْنَ أَيْدِيهِمْ فَكَبَّرُوا جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ سَجَدَ الَّذِينَ يَلُونَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ وَالْآخَرُونَ قِيَامٌ فَلَمَّا رَفَعَ الَّذِينَ سَجَدُوا رُءُوسَهُمْ سَجَدَ الْآخَرُونَ فَلَمَّا قَامُوا فِي الرَّكْعَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ تَأَخَّرَ الَّذِينَ يَلُونَ الصَّفَّ الْأَوَّلَفَقَامَ أَهْلُ الصَّفِّ الثَّانِي وَتَقَدَّمَ الْآخَرُونَ إِلَى الصَّفِّ الْأَوَّلِ فَرَكَعُوا جَمِيعًا فَلَمَّا رَفَعُوا رُءُوسَهُمْ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ سَجَدَ الَّذِينَ يَلُونَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَالْآخَرُونَ قِيَامٌ فَلَمَّا رَفَعُوا رُءُوسَهُمْ سَجَدَ الْآخَرُونَ  

"I heard Mujahid narrating from Abu Ayyash Az-Zuraqi"- Shu'bah said: "He had written it for me, and I read it before him, and I heard him narrating it; rather, I even memorized it." Ibn Bashshar said: "I memorized it from the book"- "The Prophet ﷺ was drawing up ranks facing the enemy in 'Usfan when the idolaters were led by Khalid bin Al-Walid. The Prophet ﷺ led them in praying Zuhr. The idolaters said: 'They have a prayer after this that is dearer to them than their wealth and sons.' Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ led them in praying 'Asr. He divided them into two rows, behind him. He led them all in bowing, then when they raised their heads he led the row that was closest to him in prostrating, while the others remained standing. When they raised their heads from prostration, the second row prostrated, as they had already bowed with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Then the front row moved forward, so each of them took the place of his companion. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ led them all in bowing, then when they raised their heads from bowing, the row that was closest to him prostrated while the others remained standing, then when they had finished prostrating, the others prostrated, then the Prophet ﷺ said the taslim for all of them together. (Using translation from Nasāʾī 1549)  

شُعْبَةُ كَتَبَ بِهِ إِلَيَّ وَقَرَأْتُهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَمِعْتُهُ مِنْهُ يُحَدِّثُ بِهِ وَلَكِنِّي حَفِظْتُهُ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ فِي مَصَافِّ الْعَدُوِّ بِعُسْفَانَ وَعَلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ فَصَلَّى بِهِمُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الظُّهْرَ ثُمَّ قَالَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ إِنَّ لَهُمْ صَلَاةً بَعْدَ هَذِهِ هِيَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْهِمْ مِنْ أَبْنَائِهِمْ وَأَمْوَالِهِمْ قَالَ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْعَصْرَ فَصَفَّهُمْ صَفَّيْنِ خَلْفَهُ قَالَ فَرَكَعَ بِهِمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ جَمِيعًا فَلَمَّا رَفَعُوا رُءُوسَهُمْ سَجَدَ الصَّفُّ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ وَقَامَ الْآخَرُونَ فَلَمَّا رَفَعُوا رُءُوسَهُمْ سَجَدَ الصَّفُّ الْمُؤَخَّرُ لِرُكُوعِهِمْ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ ثُمَّ تَأَخَّرَ الصَّفُّ الْمُقَدَّمُ وَتَقَدَّمَ الصَّفُّ الْمُؤَخَّرُ فَقَامَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ فِي مَقَامِ صَاحِبِهِ ثُمَّ رَكَعَ بِهِمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ جَمِيعًا فَلَمَّا رَفَعُوا رُءُوسَهُمْ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ سَجَدَ الصَّفُّ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ وَقَامَ الْآخَرُونَثُمَّ سَلَّمَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَلَيْهِمْ  

We accompanied the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at Usfan, and Khalid ibn al-Walid was the chief of unbelievers. We offered the noon prayer. Thereupon, the unbelievers said: We suffered from negligence; we became careless. We should have attacked them while they were praying. Thereupon the verse was revealed, relating to the shortening of the prayer (in time of danger) between the noon and afternoon (prayer). When the time of the afternoon prayer came, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood facing the qiblah, and the unbelievers were standing in front of him. The people stood in a row behind the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and there was another row behind this row. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ bowed and all of them bowed. He then prostrated and also the row near him prostrated. The other people in the second row remained standing and stood guard over them. When they performed two prostrations and stood up, those who were behind them prostrated. The people in the front row near him then stepped backward taking the place of the people in the second row and the second row took the place of the first row. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then bowed and all of them bowed together. Then he and the row near him prostrated themselves. The other people in the second row remained standing and stood guard over them. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and the row near him (i.e. the front row) were seated, the people in the second row behind them prostrated themselves. Then all of them were seated. (He (the Prophet) then uttered the salutation upon all of them. He prayed in his manner at Usfan as well as at the territory of Banu Sulaym. Abu Dawud said: This tradition has been narrated by Ayyub and Hisham from Abu al-Zubair on the authority of Jabir to the same effect from the Prophet ﷺ. Similarly, this has been transmitted by Dawud b. Husain from 'Ikrimah, on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas. This has also been reported by 'Abd al-Malik, from 'Ata' from Jabir in like manner. This has also been narrated by Qatadah from al-Hasan from Hittan on the authority of Abu Musa in a similar way. Similarly, this has been reported by 'Ikrimah b. Khalid from Mujahid from the Prophet ﷺ. This has also been reported by Hisham b. 'Urwah from his father from the Prophet ﷺ. This is the opinion of al-Thawri. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1236)   

كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِعُسْفَانَ وَعَلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ فَصَلَّيْنَا الظُّهْرَ فَقَالَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ لَقَدْ أَصَبْنَا غِرَّةً لَقَدْ أَصَبْنَا غَفْلَةً لَوْ كُنَّا حَمَلَنَا عَلَيْهِمْ وَهُمْ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فَنَزَلَتْ آيَةُ الْقَصْرِ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ فَلَمَّا حَضَرَتِ الْعَصْرُ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مُسْتَقْبِلَ الْقِبْلَةِ وَالْمُشْرِكُونَ أَمَامَهُ فَصَفَّ خَلْفَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ صَفٌّ وَصَفٌّ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ الصَّفِّ صَفٌّ آخَرُ فَرَكَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَرَكَعُوا جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ سَجَدَ وَسَجَدَ الصَّفُّ الَّذِينَ يَلُونَهُ وَقَامَ الْآخَرُونَ يَحْرُسُونَهُمْ فَلَمَّا صَلَّى هَؤُلَاءِ السَّجْدَتَيْنِ وَقَامُوا سَجَدَ الْآخَرُونَ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا خَلْفَهُمْ ثُمَّ تَأَخَّرَ الصَّفُّ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ إِلَى مَقَامِ الْآخَرِينَ وَرَكَعُوا جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ سَجَدَ الصَّفُّ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ وَقَامَ الْآخَرُونَ يَحْرُسُونَهُمْ فَلَمَّا جَلَسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَالصَّفُّ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ سَجَدَ الْآخَرُونَ ثُمَّ جَلَسُوا جَمِيعًا فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَصَلَّاهَا بِعُسْفَانَ وَصَلَّاهَا يَوْمَ بَنِي سُلَيْمٍ  

[Machine] We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in Usfan when the polytheists, led by Khalid bin Al-Walid, faced us between us and the Qibla. The Prophet ﷺ prayed the Dhuhr prayer with us. They said, "They have an opportunity to attack us." They said, "Now prayer has come upon them, which is more beloved to them than their own children and themselves." Then Gabriel ﷺ descended with these verses between Dhuhr and Asr: "And when you are among them and lead them in prayer..." He said, "So the prayer came and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded them, so they took up arms and lined up behind him in two rows. Then he bowed and they all bowed, then he raised his head and they all raised their heads, then the Prophet ﷺ prostrated with the row that followed him and others remaining standing to guard them. And when they prostrated and stood up, the others sat and they prostrated in their place. Then these came forward to fill in the gaps left by those, and those went to fill in the gaps left by these, and they all bowed, and then they all raised their heads, then the Prophet ﷺ prostrated with the row that followed him and others remaining standing to guard them. And when they sat down, the others sat, and they prostrated. Then the Prophet ﷺ performed the final tasleem and left. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed it twice - once in Usfan and once on the land of Banu Sulaim."  

كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بِعُسْفَانَ فَاسْتَقْبَلَنَا الْمُشْرِكُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ وَهُمْ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ الْقِبْلَةِ فَصَلَّى بِنَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الظُّهْرَ فَقَالُوا قَدْ كَانُوا عَلَى حَالٍ لَوْ أَصَبْنَا غِرَّتَهُمْ فَقَالُوا يَأْتِي عَلَيْهِمُ الْآنَ صَلَاةٌ هِيَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْهِمْ مِنْ أَبْنَائِهِمْ وَأَنْفُسِهِمْ قَالَ فَنَزَلَ جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ بِهَذِهِ الْآيَاتِ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ {وَإِذَا كُنْتَ فِيهِمْ فَأَقَمْتَ لَهُمُ الصَّلَاةَ} قَالَ «فَحَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَأَمَرَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَخَذُوا السِّلَاحَ فَصَفَفْنَا خَلْفَهُ صَفَّيْنِ ثُمَّ رَكَعَ فَرَكَعْنَا جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ فَرَفَعْنَا جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ سَجَدَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِالصَّفِّ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ وَالْآخَرُونَ قِيَامٌ يَحْرُسُونَهُمْ فَلَمَّا سَجَدُوا وَقَامُوا جَلَسَ الْآخَرُونَ فَسَجَدُوا فِي مَكَانِهِمْ ثُمَّ تَقَدَّمَ هَؤُلَاءِ إِلَى مَصَافِّ هَؤُلَاءِ وَجَاءَ هَؤُلَاءِ إِلَى مَصَافِّ هَؤُلَاءِ فَرَكَعُوا جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ رَفَعَ فَرَفَعُوا جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ سَجَدَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِالصَّفِّ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ وَالْآخَرُونَ قِيَامٌ يَحْرُسُونَهُمْ فَلَمَّا جَلَسُوا جَلَسَ الْآخَرُونَ فَسَجَدُوا ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِمْ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ فَصَلَّاهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَرَّتَيْنِ مَرَّةً بِعُسْفَانَ وَمَرَّةً فِي أَرْضِ بَنِي سُلَيْمٍ»  

[Machine] "We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in 'Usfan when the polytheists, with Khalid bin Al-Walid among them, confronted us between us and the qiblah. So the Prophet ﷺ led us in the Dhuhr prayer and they said, 'This prayer that they are offering now is more beloved to them than their children and themselves.' Jabiril then came down with these verses between Dhuhr and Asr: 'And when you are among them and lead them in prayer.' The prayer came and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered them to take up arms. So we lined up behind him in two rows, then he performed one Rak'ah and we prayed together. Then he raised his head and we all raised our heads. Then he prostrated and the Prophet ﷺ was in the same row with those behind him, and others were guarding them in prayer. When they prostrated and stood up, the others sat down and prostrated, then he turned to them and said the Salam to them, then he left. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed it twice, once in 'Usfan and once in the land of Banu Sulaym."  

كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بِعُسْفَانَ فَاسْتَقْبَلَنَا الْمُشْرِكُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ وَهُمْ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ الْقِبْلَةِ فَصَلَّى بِنَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الظُّهْرَ فَقَالُوا قَدْ كَانُوا عَلَى حَالٍ لَوْ أَصَبْنَا غِرَّتَهُمْ فَقَالُوا يَأْتِي عَلَيْهِمُ الْآنَ صَلَاةٌ هِيَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْهِمْ مِنْ أَبْنَائِهِمْ وَأَنْفُسِهِمْ قَالَ فَنَزَلَ جِبْرِيلُ بِهَذِهِ الْآيَاتِ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ {وَإِذَا كُنْتَ فِيهِمْ فَأَقَمْتَ لَهُمُ الصَّلَاةَ} قَالَ «فَحَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَأَمَرَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَخَذُوا السِّلَاحَ فَصَفَفْنَا خَلْفَهُ صَفَّيْنِ ثُمَّ رَكَعَ فَرَكَعْنَا جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ فَرَفَعْنَا جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ سَجَدَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِالصَّفِّ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ وَالْآخَرُونَ قِيَامٌ يَحْرُسُونَهُمْ فَلَمَّا سَجَدُوا وَقَامُوا جَلَسَ الْآخَرُونَ فَسَجَدُوا ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِمْ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ فَصَلَّاهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَرَّتَيْنِ مَرَّةً بِعُسْفَانَ وَمَرَّةً فِي أَرْضِ بَنِي سُلَيْمٍ»  

[Machine] We participated in the battle with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and the polytheists met us in Uhud. On that day, Khaled Ibn Al-Walid was riding his horse. Then the Dhuhr prayer came upon us, so the caller to prayer called the adhan and the prayer was established. The polytheists thought about attacking us during the prayer, so some of them said, "This prayer is more beloved to them than their own children." They were referring to the Asr prayer. Then Jibril ﷺ came to him with the verses that mention the prayer of fear. "So when the prayer was ready, the caller to prayer called the adhan and established it. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stepped forward and we lined up behind him in two rows, and the polytheists were behind the direction of the Qiblah. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ and we all made a rukoo' (bowing) and we made a sajdah (prostration), and the row behind us made a sajdah, and the row behind them stood up. When they finished their prostration, the row behind them made a prostration, and the polytheists were confused among themselves." Abu Ayyash said, "He also prayed with us in the land of Banu Sulaym."  

غَزَوْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَلَقِيَهِ الْمُشْرِكُونَ بِعُسْفَانَ وَعَلَى خَيْلِهِمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ فَحَضَرَتْنَا صَلَاةُ الظُّهْرِ فَأَذَّنَ الْمُؤَذِّنُ فَأَقَامَ الصَّلَاةَ فَهَمَّ الْمُشْرِكُونَ أَنْ يَحْمِلُوا عَلَيْنَا فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ إِنَّهَا سَتَحْضُرُهُمْ صَلَاةٌ هِيَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْهِمْ مِنْ أَوْلَادِهِمْ يَعْنُونَ صَلَاةَ الْعَصْرِ فَأَتَاهُ جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ بِالْآيَاتِ الَّتِي فِيهَا صَلَاةُ الْخَوْفِ «فَلَمَّا حَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ أَذَّنَ الْمُؤَذِّنُ وَأَقَامَ فَتَقَدَّمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَصَفَفْنَا خَلْفَهُ صَفَّيْنِ وَالْمُشْرِكُونَ يَوْمَئِذٍ مِمَّا يَلِي الْقِبْلَةَ فَرَكَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَرَكَعْنَا ثُمَّ سَجَدَ وَسَجَدَ الصَّفُّ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ وَقَامَ الْمُؤَخَّرُ فَلَمَّا فَرَغُوا مِنْ سُجُودِهِمْ سَجَدَ الصَّفُّ الْمُؤَخَّرُ فَتَلَاوَمَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ بَيْنَهُمْ» قَالَ أَبُو عَيَّاشٍ «فَصَلَّى بِنَا فِي أَرْضِ بَنِي سُلَيْمٍ أَيْضًا مِثْلَهَا»  

[Machine] "The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , prayed the Dhuhr prayer with a garment on us. And on the polytheists was Khalid bin Al-Walid. The polytheists said, 'If their delusion had affected us, it would have come upon them now. Now they pray; prayer is dearer to them than their children and themselves.' Then Gabriel, ﷺ , came down with the verses that include the prayer of fear. 'So he lined up his companions behind him, two rows, and he said the takbeer, and we all said the takbeer, and he performed the rukoo' and we all performed the rukoo', and he performed the sujood and the row behind him also performed the sujood. When he stood up, the row behind him was delayed, so they stood in the place of the delayed row, and the delayed row moved forward, stood in their place, performed the rukoo' and we all performed the rukoo', raised up and we all raised up, and the row behind him performed the sujood."  

«صَلَّى بِنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ صَلَاةَ الظُّهْرِ بِعُسْفَانَ» وَعَلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ فَقَالَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ قَدْ كَانُوا عَلَى حَالٍ لَوْ أَصَبْنَا غِرَّتَهُمْ فَقَالُوا يَأْتِي عَلَيْهِمُ الْآنَ صَلَاةٌ هِيَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْهِمْ مِنْ أَوْلَادِهِمْ وَأَنْفُسِهِمْ فَنَزَلَ جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ بِالْآيَاتِ الَّتِي فِيهَا صَلَاةُ الْخَوْفِ «فَصَفَّ أَصْحَابَهُ خَلْفَهُ صَفَّيْنِ فَكَبَّرَ وَكَبَّرْنَا جَمِيعًا وَرَكَعَ وَرَكَعْنَا جَمِيعًا وَسَجَدَ وَسَجَدَ الصَّفُّ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ فَلَمَّا قَامَ تَأَخَّرَ الصَّفُّ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ فَقَامُوا مَقَامَ الصَّفِّ الْمُؤَخَّرِ وَتَقَدَّمَ الصَّفُّ الْمُؤَخَّرُ فَقَامَ مَقَامَهُمْ فَرَكَعَ وَرَكَعْنَا جَمِيعًا وَرَفَعَ وَرَفَعْنَا جَمِيعًا وَسَجَدَ الصَّفُّ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ فَلَمَّا جَلَسَ سَجَدَ الصَّفُّ الْمُؤَخَّرُ»  

"I heard Mujahid narrating from Abu Ayyash Az-Zuraqi"- Shu'bah said: "He had written it for me, and I read it before him, and I heard him narrating it; rather, I even memorized it." Ibn Bashshar said: "I memorized it from the book"- "The Prophet ﷺ was drawing up ranks facing the enemy in 'Usfan when the idolaters were led by Khalid bin Al-Walid. The Prophet ﷺ led them in praying Zuhr. The idolaters said: 'They have a prayer after this that is dearer to them than their wealth and sons.' Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ led them in praying 'Asr. He divided them into two rows, behind him. He led them all in bowing, then when they raised their heads he led the row that was closest to him in prostrating, while the others remained standing. When they raised their heads from prostration, the second row prostrated, as they had already bowed with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Then the front row moved forward, so each of them took the place of his companion. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ led them all in bowing, then when they raised their heads from bowing, the row that was closest to him prostrated while the others remained standing, then when they had finished prostrating, the others prostrated, then the Prophet ﷺ said the taslim for all of them together. (Using translation from Nasāʾī 1549)   

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ مَصَافَّ الْعَدُوِّ بِعُسْفَانَ وَعَلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ فَصَلَّى بِهِمُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الظُّهْرَ قَالَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ «إِنَّ لَهُمْ صَلَاةً بَعْدَ هَذِهِ هِيَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْهِمْ مِنِ أَمْوَالِهِمْ وَأَبْنَائِهِمْ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْعَصْرَ فَصَفَّهُمْ صَفَّيْنِ خَلْفَهُ فَرَكَعَ بِهِمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ جَمِيعًا فَلَمَّا رَفَعُوا رُءُوسَهُمْ سَجَدَ الصَّفُّ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ وَقَامَ الْآخَرُونَ فَلَمَّا رَفَعُوا رُءُوسَهُمْ مِنَ السُّجُودِ سَجَدَ الصَّفُّ الْمُؤَخَّرُ لِرُكُوعِهِمْ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ تَأَخَّرَ الصَّفُّ الْمُقَدَّمُ وَتَقَدَّمَ الصَّفُّ الْمُؤَخَّرُ فَقَامَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ فِي مَقَامِ صَاحِبِهِ ثُمَّ رَكَعَ بِهِمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ جَمِيعًا فَلَمَّا رَفَعُوا رَءُوسَهُمْ مِنَ الرُّكُوعِ سَجَدَ الصَّفُّ الَّذِي يَلِيهِ وَقَامَ الْآخَرُونَ فَلَمَّا فَرَغُوا مِنْ سُجُودِهِمْ سَجَدَ الْآخَرُونَ ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَلَيْهِمْ»