The Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: It is the duty of a Muslim man who has something which is to be given as bequest not to have it for two nights without having his will written regarding it. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2862)  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «مَا حَقُّ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ يَبِيتُ لَيْلَتَيْنِ وَلَهُ شَيْءٌ يُوصِي فِيهِ إِلَّا وَوَصِيَّتُهُ مَكْتُوبَةٌ عِنْدَهُ»  

[Machine] "The believer does not eat until his stomach is completely full, and his conscience remains under his control."  

«الْمُؤْمِنُ لَا يَأْكُلُ فِي كُلِّ بطنه وَلَا تَزَالُ وَصِيَّتُهُ تَحْتَ جَنْبِهِ»  

[Machine] It is said that when a person advises, his advice is complete for what he has lost from his charity. Abu Muhammad said, and others said, Qasim ibn Amr said.  

يُقَالُ إِذَا أَوْصَى الرَّجُلُ كَانتَ وَصِيَّتُهُ تَمَامًا لِمَا ضَيَّعَ مِنْ زَكَاتِهِ قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّد وَقَالَ غَيْرُهُ الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو  

[Machine] It is said that whoever gives a will (testament) but does not act upon it or fulfill it, will receive reward like if they had donated it during their lifetime.  

يُقَالُ مَنْ أَوْصَى بِوَصِيَّةٍ فَلَمْ يَجُرْ وَلَمْ يَحِفْ كَانَ لَهُ مِنَ الْأَجْرِ مِثْلُ مَا إنْ لَوْ تَصَدَّقَ بِهِ فِي حَيَاتِهِ  

[Machine] "According to his way, he is the best guide for those who seek guidance. And if you retaliate, retaliate with an equivalent of what you were harmed with. But if you are patient, it is better for those who are patient. And be patient, and your patience is not except through Allah. And do not grieve over them and do not be in distress from what they conspire. Indeed, Allah is with those who fear Him and those who are doers of good."  

عَن سَبِيلِهِ وَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ بِالْمُهْتَدِينَ وَإِنْ عَاقَبْتُمْ فَعَاقِبُوا بِمِثْلِ مَا عُوقِبْتُمْ بِهِ وَلَئِنْ صَبَرْتُمْ لَهُوَ خَيْرٌ لِّلصَّابِرينَ وَاصْبِرْ وَمَا صَبْرُكَ إِلَّا بِاللَّهِ وَلَا تَحْزَنْ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا تَكُ فِي ضَيْقٍ مِّمَّا يَمْكُرُونَ إِنَّ اللهَ مَعَ الَّذِينَ اتَّقَوْا وَالَّذِينَ هُم مُّحْسِنُونَ}  

“I said to Abdullah bin Abu Awfa: 'Did the Messenger of Allah ﷺ make a will concerning anything?' He said: 'No.' I said: 'How come he told the Muslims to make wills?' He said: 'He enjoined (them to adhere to) the book of Allah (SWT).” Malik said: “Talhah bin Musarrif said: 'Huzail bin Shurahbil said: “Abu Bakr was granted leadership according to the will of Messenger of Allah ﷺ?” (Rather) Abu Bakr wished that the found a covenant (in that regard) from Messenger of Allah ﷺ, so he could fetter his nose with a (camel's) nose ring.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2696)   

سَأَلْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أَبِي أَوْفَى أَوْصَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ؟ قَالَ لَا قُلْتُ فَكَيْفَ كُتِبَ عَلَى النَّاسِ الْوَصِيَّةُ أو أُمِرُوا بِالْوَصِيَّةِ؟ فَقَالَ «أَوْصَى بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ ﷻ» وقَالَ هُزَيْلُ بْنُ شُرَحْبِيلَ «أَبُو بَكْرٍ كَانَ يَتَأَمَّرُ عَلَى وَصِيِّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ؟ وَدَّ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنَّهُ وَجَدَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَهْدًا فَخَزَمَ أَنْفَهُ بِخِزَامَةٍ ذَلِكَ»  

[Machine] "About Qatadah, it is written that when death approaches you, it is obligatory upon the God-conscious individuals to leave a will for their parents and close relatives, according to the custom of good deeds. This is a right upon the righteous individuals." [Surah Al-Baqarah, verse 180]. The phrase "Al-khayr (the good) referred to wealth of one thousand or more (dirhams) and beyond."  

عَنْ قَتَادَةَ {كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذَا حَضَرَ أَحَدَكُمُ الْمَوْتُ إِن تَرَكَ خَيْرًا الْوَصِيَّةُ لِلْوَالِدَيْنِ وَالْأَقْرَبِينَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ حَقًّا عَلَى الْمُتَّقِينَ} [البقرة 180] قَالَ الْخَيْرُ الْمَالُ كَانَ يُقَالُ أَلْفًا فَمَا فَوْقَ ذَلِكَ  

[Machine] "And fear Allah and reconcile the differences between yourselves and obey Allah and His Messenger, if you are believers." And He commanded them with what He commanded His sons Ibrahim and Ya'qub: "O my sons, indeed Allah has chosen for you the religion, so do not die except while you are Muslims." [Al-Baqarah 132] And He advised them not to desire to be allies of the Ansar and their brothers in faith, and that chastity and truthfulness are better and more cautious than adultery and lying, if it happens in my illness before I change my will. Then he mentioned his need.  

أَنْ {اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَأَصْلِحُوا ذَاتَ بَيْنِكُمْ وَأَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ} وَأَوْصَاهُمْ بِمَا أَوْصَى بِهِ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بَنِيهِ وَيَعْقُوبُ {يَا بَنِيَّ إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفَى لَكُمُ الدِّينَ فَلَا تَمُوتُنَّ إِلَّا وَأَنْتُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ} [البقرة 132] وَأَوْصَاهُمْ أَنْ لَا يَرْغَبُوا أَنْ يَكُونُوا مَوَالِيَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَإِخْوَانَهُمْ فِي الدِّينِ وَأَنَّ الْعِفَّةَ وَالصِّدْقَ خَيْرٌ وَأَتْقَى مِنَ الزِّنَا وَالْكَذِبِ إِنْ حَدَثَ بِهِ حَدَثٌ فِي مَرَضِي هَذَا قَبْلَ أَنْ أُغَيِّرَ وَصِيَّتِي هَذِهِ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ حَاجَتَهُ  

[Machine] "There is no god but Allah, alone without partner, and Muhammad is His slave and Messenger. And that the Hour is coming without a doubt, and that Allah will raise those who are in the graves, and He commanded those who are left behind from their families to be mindful of Allah and to reconcile between themselves, and to obey Allah and His Messenger if they are believers. And He commanded them with what He commanded his offspring, Ibrahim and Ya'qub, 'O my sons! Indeed, Allah has chosen for you the religion, so do not die except while you are Muslims.' And He commanded if something happens to him from his suffering, the need he has such and such."  

أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَأَنَّ السَّاعَةَ آتِيَةٌ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهَا وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ يَبْعَثُ مَنْ فِي الْقُبُورِ وَأَوْصَى مَنْ تَرَكَ بَعْدَهُ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ أَنْ يَتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَيُصْلِحُوا ذَاتَ بَيْنِهِمْ وَأَنْ يُطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ إِنْ كَانُوا مُؤْمِنِينَ وَأَوْصَاهُمْ بِمَا أَوْصَى بِهِ إِبْرَاهِيمُ بَنِيهِ وَيَعْقُوبُ {يَا بَنِيَّ إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفَى لَكُمُ الدِّينَ فَلَا تَمُوتُنَّ إِلَّا وَأَنْتُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ} [البقرة 132] وَأَوْصَى إِنْ حَدَثَ بِهِ حَدَثٌ مِنْ وَجَعِهِ هَذَا أَنَّ حَاجَتَهُ كَذَا وَكَذَا  

[Machine] We bear witness that there is no god but Allah alone, with no partner, and that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger. He believes in Allah and disbelieves in all false deities. By Allah's will, he will live, die, and be resurrected. He advises regarding what Allah has provided and what he has left behind. If something happens to him, it is as described. If nothing changes from what is stated in this will.  

تَشَهُّدُ هَذَا مَا شَهِدَ بِهِ نَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَيُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَيَكْفُرُ بِالطَّاغُوتِ عَلَى ذَلِكَ يَحْيَا إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ وَيَمُوتُ وَيُبْعَثُ وَأَوْصَى فِيمَا رَزَقَهُ اللَّهُ فِيمَا تَرَكَ إِنْ حَدَثَ بِهِ حَدَثٌ وَهُوَ كَذَا وَكَذَا إِنْ لَمْ يُغَيِّرْ شَيْئًا مِمَّا فِي هَذِهِ الْوَصِيَّةِ  

[Machine] "This is the will of my father Al-Darda."  

«هَذِهِ وَصِيَّةُ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ»  

[Machine] "The following is the testament of Rabee' bin Khuthaym, in the name of Allah, the Most Merciful, the Most Compassionate. This is what Rabee' bin Khuthaym has advised, and I bear witness to Allah, who suffices as a witness and rewarder for His righteous servants. Verily, I am pleased with Allah as my Lord, Islam as my religion, and Muhammad ﷺ as a prophet. Indeed, I command myself and those who obey me to worship Allah among the worshippers, to praise Him among those who praise Him, and to sincerely advise the Muslim community."  

كَتَبَ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ خُثَيْمٍ وَصِيَّتَهُ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ هَذَا مَا أَوْصَى بِهِ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ خُثَيْمٍ وَأَشْهَدَ اللَّهَ عَلَيْهِ وَكَفَى بِاللَّهِ شَهِيدًا وَجَازِيًا لِعِبَادِهِ الصَّالِحِينَ وَمُثِيبًا فَإِنِّي رَضِيتُ بِاللَّهِ رَبًّا وَبِالْإِسْلَامِ دِينًا وَبِمُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ نَبِيًّا وَإِنِّي آمُرُ نَفْسِي وَمَنْ أَطَاعَنِي أَنْ نَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ فِي الْعَابِدِينَ وَنَحْمَدَهُ فِي الْحَامِدِينَ وَأَنْ نَنْصَحَ لِجَمَاعَةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ  

[Machine] Ali entered the room of a patient and they mentioned the will to him. Ali said, "Allah said, 'If you leave something good' (Al-Baqarah 2:180), and I do not consider that he left something good." Hammad said, "So I memorized that he left more than seven hundred things."  

أَنَّ عَلِيًّا دَخَلَ عَلَى مَرِيضٍ فَذَكَرُوا لَهُ الْوَصِيَّةَ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ قَالَ اللَّهُ {إِنْ تَرَكَ خَيْرًا} [البقرة 180] وَلَا أُرَاهُ تَرَكَ خَيْرًا قَالَ حَمَّادٌ «فَحَفِظْتُ أَنَّهُ تَرَكَ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ سَبْعِ مِائَةٍ»  

[Machine] "If you do not leave wealth, leave it for your children."  

«لَا لَمْ تَدَعْ مَالًا فَدَعْ مَالَكَ لِوَلَدِكَ»  

[Machine] About Ibrahim, there was a man who made a will, and the heirs were witnesses, so he said, "It is not permissible." Abu Muhammad said, meaning if they deny afterwards.  

عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فِي رَجُلٍ أَوْصَى وَالْوَرَثَةُ شُهُودٌ مُقِرُّونَ فَقَالَ «لَا يَجُوزُ» قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّد يَعْنِي إِذَا أَنْكَرُوا بَعْدُ  

[Machine] Regarding the guardians, they allow the will, but when he dies, they do not allow it? They said, "It is not permissible."  

عَنْ الْأَوْلِيَاءِ يُجِيزُونَ الْوَصِيَّةَ فَإِذَا مَاتَ لَمْ يُجِيزُوا؟ قَالَا «لَا يَجُوزُ»  

[Machine] "Concerning a shurayh (a stipulation) in a man's will that recommends more than two-thirds of his wealth, he said: If the heirs approve it, we will grant it. And if the heirs reject it, we still have the choice when they remove their hands from the grave."  

عَنْ شُرَيْحٍ فِي الرَّجُلِ يُوصِي بِأَكْثَرَ مِنْ ثُلُثِهِ قَالَ إِنْ أَجَازَتْهُ الْوَرَثَةُ أَجَزْنَاهُ وَإِنْ قَالَتِ الْوَرَثَةُ أَجَزْنَاهُ فَهُمْ بِالْخِيَارِ إِذَا نَفَضُوا أَيْدِيَهُمْ مِنَ الْقَبْرِ  

[Machine] "To appoint more than one third (of the wealth) as an inheritance, so they agreed with him (authorizer) and then they went back on it after he died. Abdullah was asked about that, and he said, 'This revocation is not permissible.'"  

أَنْ يُوصِيَ بِأَكْثَرَ مِنَ الثُّلُثِ فَأَذِنُوا لَهُ ثُمَّ رَجَعُوا فِيهِ بَعْدَ مَا مَاتَ فَسُئِلَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ «هَذَا التَّكَرُّهُ لَا يَجُوزُ»  

[Machine] Concerning the man the will is advised to allocate more than one-third, will the heirs be satisfied? He said, "It is permissible." Abu Muhammad said, "We permitted it during his lifetime."  

عَنْ الْحَسَنِ فِي الرَّجُلِ يُوصِي بِأَكْثَرَ مِنَ الثُّلُثِ فَرَضِيَ الْوَرَثَةُ؟ قَالَ «هُوَ جَائِزٌ» قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّد أَجَزْنَاهُ يَعْنِي فِي الْحَيَاةِ  

[Machine] Indeed, the Prophet ﷺ visited him while he was in Makkah and he had only one daughter. So, I said to him, "I only have one daughter, should I bequeath all of my wealth?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "No." I asked, "Should I bequeath half of it?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "No." I asked, "Should I bequeath one-third of it?" He replied, "Yes."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ وَهُوَ بِمَكَّةَ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ إِلَّا ابْنَةٌ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ لِي إِلَّا ابْنَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ فَأُوصِي بِمَالِي كُلِّهِ؟ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «لَا» قُلْتُ فَأُوصِي بِالنِّصْفِ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «لَا» قَالَ فَأُوصِي بِالثُّلُثِ؟ قَالَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «الثُّلُثُ وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ»  

[Machine] "I complained to the Prophet ﷺ during the Farewell Pilgrimage, until at one point he came to visit me. I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, I only see myself suffering and I possess a lot of wealth, and my daughter will inherit from me. Should I give all my wealth in charity?' He said, 'No.' I said, 'Then half of it?' He replied, 'No.' I asked, 'Then a third?' He said, 'A third and even a third is a lot. Indeed, if you leave your inheritors wealthy, it is better than leaving them destitute, begging people with their hands. And every expenditure you make, Allah will reward you for it, even the morsel you put in your wife's mouth.'"  

اشْتَكَيْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ حَتَّى إِذَا أُدْنِفْتُ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَعُودُنِي فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا أُرَانِي إِلَّا أُلِمَّ بِي وَأَنَا ذُو مَالٍ كَثِيرٍ وَإِنَّمَا يَرِثُنِي ابْنَةٌ لِي أَفَأَتَصَدَّقُ بِمَالِي كُلِّهِ؟ قَالَ «لَا» قُلْتُ فَنِصْفِهِ قَالَ «لَا» قُلْتُ فَالثُّلُثِ؟ قَالَ «الثُّلُثُ وَالثُّلُثُ كَثِيرٌ إِنَّكَ إِنْ تَتْرُكْ وَرَثَتَكَ أَغْنِيَاءَ خَيْرٌ مِنْ أَنْ تَتْرُكَهُمْ فُقَرَاءَ يَتَكَفَّفُونَ النَّاسَ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ وَإِنَّكَ لَا تُنْفِقُ نَفَقَةً إِلَّا آجَرَكَ اللَّهُ فِيهَا حَتَّى مَا تَجْعَلُ فِي فِي امْرَأَتِكَ»  

[Machine] "My will is what the scholars of Basra agreed upon." So, I asked and they agreed on one/fifth.  

«وَصِيَّتِي مَا اتَّفَقَ عَلَيْهِ فُقَهَاءُ أَهْلِ الْبَصْرَةِ» فَسَأَلْتُ فَاتَّفَقُوا عَلَى الْخُمُسِ  

[Machine] "Pay the tithe."  

«أَوْصِ بِالْعُشْرِ»  

[Machine] "They used to impose taxes at a rate of one-fifth and one-fourth, and the one-third was the highest tax. Abu Muhammad said that by 'al-jamih' [the highest tax], it means a spirited horse."  

«إِنَّمَا كَانُوا يُوصُونَ بِالْخُمُسِ وَالرُّبُعِ وَكَانَ الثُّلُثُ مُنْتَهَى الْجَامِحِ» قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّد يَعْنِي بِالْجَامِحِ الْفَرَسَ الْجَمُوحَ  

[Machine] "I would not have accepted the will of a man who has a son who insists on one-third."  

«مَا كُنْتُ لِأَقْبَلَ وَصِيَّةَ رَجُلٍ لَهُ وَلَدٌ يُوصِي بِالثُّلُثِ»  

[Machine] "The third is effort, and it is permissible."  

«الثُّلُثُ جَهْدٌ وَهُوَ جَائِزٌ»  

[Machine] "The sixth was more beloved to them than the third."  

«كَانَ السُّدُسُ أَحَبَّ إِلَيْهِمْ مِنَ الثُّلُثِ»  

[Machine] "The guardian is trustworthy in what I have entrusted him with."  

«الْوَصِيُّ أَمِينٌ فِيمَا أُوصِيَ إِلَيْهِ بِهِ»  

[Machine] "The power of the guardian is permissible in everything except in the act of buying, and when someone sells, it is not considered valid." This is the opinion of Yahya ibn Hamza.  

«أَمْرُ الْوَصِيِّ جَائِزٌ فِي كُلِّ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا فِي الِابْتِيَاعِ وَإِذَا بَاعَ بَيْعًا لَمْ يُقِلْ» وَهُوَ رَأْيُ يَحْيَى بْنِ حَمْزَةَ  

[Machine] "The guardian is trustworthy in everything except in granting freedom, as he must establish loyalty."  

«الْوَصِيُّ أَمِينٌ فِي كُلِّ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا فِي الْعِتْقِ فَإِنَّ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُقِيمَ الْوَلَاءَ»  

[Machine] Regarding Ibrahim, "In the wealth of the orphan, the guardian works when entrusted to a man."  

عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ «فِي مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ يَعْمَلُ بِهِ الْوَصِيُّ إِذَا أَوْصَى إِلَى الرَّجُلِ»  

[Machine] "The guardian of the orphan shall take his right through intercession, and the absent one shall also be interceded for."  

«وَصِيُّ الْيَتِيمِ يَأْخُذُ لَهُ بِالشُّفْعَةِ وَالْغَائِبُ عَلَى شُفْعَتِهِ»  

[Machine] "So he laid down his words and turned to his father Qilabah and said, 'What are you saying?' He said, 'Answer the boy's request to give him his land.' He said, 'Then our wealth will be destroyed?' He said, 'You are the one who destroyed it.'"  

فَأَضْجَعَ فِي الْقَوْلِ فَالْتَفَتَ إِلَى أَبِي قِلَابَةَ فَقَالَ مَا تَقُولُ؟ فَقَالَ «رُدَّ عَلَى الْغُلَامِ أَرْضَهُ» قَالَ إِذًا يَهْلِكُ مَالُنَا قَالَ «أَنْتَ أَهْلَكْتَهُ»  

[Machine] From Hassan concerning a man who bequeathed half of his wealth to one person and a third of his wealth to another person, he said: They should both give a third of their inheritance as charity. One person should give it from his half and the other person should give it from his third.  

عَنْ الْحَسَنِ فِي رَجُلٍ أَوْصَى لِرَجُلٍ بِنِصْفِ مَالِهِ وَلِآخَرَ بِثُلُثِ مَالِهِ قَالَ يَضْرِبَانِ بِذَلِكَ فِي الثُّلُثِ هَذَا بِالنِّصْفِ وَهَذَا بِالثُّلُثِ  

[Machine] "The owner of the will changes it as he wishes, except for emancipation."  

«يُغَيِّرُ صَاحِبُ الْوَصِيَّةِ مِنْهَا مَا شَاءَ غَيْرَ الْعَتَاقَةِ»  

[Machine] "The man can state whatever he desires in his will, and the execution of the will is the responsibility of its executor."  

«يُحْدِثُ الرَّجُلُ فِي وَصِيَّتِهِ مَا شَاءَ وَمِلَاكُ الْوَصِيَّةِ آخِرُهَا»  

[Machine] That his father had freed a slave for him during his illness, then he felt that he should revoke them and free others instead. He said, "So they disputed with me before Abdul Malik ibn Marwan." He (Abdul Malik) approved freeing the others and invalidated the freeing of the first ones.  

أَنَّ أَبَاهُ أَعْتَقَ رَقِيقًا لَهُ فِي مَرَضِهِ ثُمَّ بَدَا لَهُ أَنْ يَرُدَّهُمْ وَيُعْتِقَ غَيْرَهُمْ قَالَ فَخَاصَمُونِي إِلَى عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ «فَأَجَازَ عِتْقَ الْآخِرِينَ وَأَبْطَلَ عِتْقَ الْأَوَّلِينَ»  

[Machine] "Umar said, 'A man can include whatever he wishes in his will, and the last part of the will belongs to the executor.' Abu Muhammad said, 'Hammam did not hear this from Umar, and between them is Qatadah.'"  

عُمَرُ «يُحْدِثُ الرَّجُلُ فِي وَصِيَّتِهِ مَا شَاءَ وَمِلَاكُ الْوَصِيَّةِ آخِرُهَا» قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّد «هَمَّامٌ لَمْ يَسْمَعْ مِنْ عَمْرٍو وَبَيْنَهُمَا قَتَادَةُ»  

[Machine] "Regarding Al-Zuhri's statement about a man, he recommends a will and then recommends another. He said, 'These are two valid options for his wealth.'"  

عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ فِي الرَّجُلِ يُوصِي بِوَصِيَّةٍ ثُمَّ يُوصِي بِأُخْرَى قَالَ «هُمَا جَائِزَتَانِ فِي مَالِهِ»  

[Machine] The translation of "عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ «مِلَاكُ الْوَصِيَّةِ آخِرُهَا»" into English is: "Umar ibn Al-Khattab, the angel of the will, the last of them."  

عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ «مِلَاكُ الْوَصِيَّةِ آخِرُهَا»  

[Machine] "If the judge accuses the guardian, he does not remove him, but appoints someone else with him." This is the view of Al-Awza'i.  

«إِذَا اتَّهَمَ الْقَاضِي الْوَصِيَّ لَمْ يَعْزِلْهُ وَلَكِنْ يُوَكِّلُ مَعَهُ غَيْرَهُ» وَهُوَ رَأْيُ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ  

[Machine] "The sale, purchase, and marriage of a sick person is permissible, but it does not fall under the category of one-third."  

«يَجُوزُ بَيْعُ الْمَرِيضِ وَشِرَاؤُهُ وَنِكَاحُهُ وَلَا يَكُونُ مِنَ الثُّلُثِ»  

[Machine] "What the patient dislikes about his illness in terms of buying or selling, it is valued at one-third of fairness."  

«مَا حَابَى بِهِ الْمَرِيضُ فِي مَرَضِهِ مِنْ بَيْعٍ أَوْ شِرَاءٍ فَهُوَ فِي ثُلُثِهِ قِيمَةُ عَدْلٍ»  

[Machine] A woman from our family gave while she was pregnant, and Al-Qasim was asked, and he said, "It is from all of the wealth." Yahya said, "And we say when labor pains strike her, whatever she gives is from one-third."  

أَعْطَتْ امْرَأَةٌ مِنْ أَهْلِنَا وَهِيَ حَامِلٌ فَسُئِلَ الْقَاسِمُ فَقَالَ «هُوَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الْمَالِ» قَالَ يَحْيَى وَنَحْنُ نَقُولُ إِذَا ضَرَبَهَا الْمَخَاضُ فَمَا أَعْطَتْهُ فَمِنَ الثُّلُثِ  

[Machine] "If I enter the house of so-and-so with my servant, my servant will become free. And if he enters it while he is sick, he said, 'He will be freed from one-third (of his obligation), and if he enters in good health, he will be freed from all obligations.'"  

لِغُلَامِهِ إِنْ دَخَلْتُ دَارَ فُلَانٍ فَغُلَامِي حُرٌّ ثُمَّ دَخَلَهَا وَهُوَ مَرِيضٌ قَالَ «يُعْتَقُ مِنَ الثُّلُثِ وَإِنْ دَخَلَ فِي صِحَّتِهِ عُتِقَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الْمَالِ»  

[Machine] "If the heirs have needs, I do not see any harm in returning to them from the third share." Yahya said, "So I mentioned that to Al-Awza'i and he was amazed."  

«إِذَا كَانَ الْوَرَثَةُ مَحَاوِيجَ فَلَا أَرَى بَأْسًا أَنْ يُرَدَّ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ الثُّلُثِ» قَالَ يَحْيَى «فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِلْأَوْزَاعِيِّ فَأَعْجَبَهُ»  

[Machine] From Ibrahim, they said, "When two witnesses testify from the heirs, it is permissible for all of them, and when one witness testifies, it is in his share according to his portion."  

عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَا «إِذَا شَهِدَ شَاهِدَانِ مِنَ الْوَرَثَةِ جَازَ عَلَى جَمِيعِهِمْ وَإِذَا شَهِدَ وَاحِدٌ فَفِي نَصِيبِهِ بِحِصَّتِهِ»  

[Machine] He heard Al Shabi say, "If a man from the inheritors testifies, then he shall have his share in his portion." Then he said, "After that, in all of his share."  

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ الشَّعْبِيَّ يَقُولُ «إِذَا شَهِدَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْوَرَثَةِ فَفِي نَصِيبِهِ بِحِصَّتِهِ» ثُمَّ قَالَ «بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فِي جَمِيعِ حِصَّتِهِ»  

[Machine] "If a person bequeaths one-third or one-fourth, it corresponds to the eye and the debt. And if he bequeaths fifty or sixty out of one hundred, it corresponds to the eye until the third is reached."  

«إِذَا أَوْصَى الرَّجُلُ بِالثُّلُثِ وَالرُّبُعِ فَفِي الْعَيْنِ وَالدَّيْنِ وَإِذَا أَوْصَى بِخَمْسِينَ أَوْ سِتِّينَ إِلَى الْمِائَةِ فَفِي الْعَيْنِ حَتَّى يَبْلُغَ الثُّلُثَ»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "A person is more entitled to one-third of his wealth to allocate it to whichever cause he wishes."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «الْمَرْءُ أَحَقُّ بِثُلُثِ مَالِهِ يَضَعُهُ فِي أَيِّ مَالِهِ شَاءَ»