8. Sūrat al-Anfāl

٨۔ سُورَةُ الأنفَال

Qurʾān > Chapter 8 > Section 4
القرآن > كتاب ٨ > باب ٤

8.4 If you become Godfearing, God will grant you wisdom to judge between right and wrong. The lawful guardians of Kaᶜba are those who have fear of God.

٨۔٤ مقطع في سُورَةُ الأنفَال

quran:8:29 –

O you who have believed, if you fear Allah, He will grant you a criterion and will remove from you your misdeeds and forgive you. And Allah is the possessor of great bounty.  

The following was revealed regarding his ˹Abū Lubāba’s˺ repentance: O you who believe, if you fear God, by turning ˹in repentance˺ to Him and in other ways, He will grant you a ˹means of˺ separation, between yourselves and what you fear, so that you will be delivered, and absolve you of your evil deeds, and forgive you, your sins; and God is of tremendous bounty.
القرآن:٨:٢٩ –

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنْ تَتَّقُوا اللَّهَ يَجْعَلْ لَكُمْ فُرْقَانًا وَيُكَفِّرْ عَنْكُمْ سَيِّئَاتِكُمْ وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ ۗ وَاللَّهُ ذُو الْفَضْلِ الْعَظِيمِ  

{يا أيها الذين آمنوا إن تتقوا الله} بالإنابة وغيرها {يجعل لكم فرقانا} بينكم وبين ما تخافون فتنجون {ويكفِّر عنكم سيئآتكم ويغفر لكم} ذنوبكم {والله ذو الفضل العظيم}.
quran:8:30 –

And ˹remember, O Muhammad˺, when those who disbelieved plotted against you to restrain you or kill you or evict you ˹from Makkah˺. But they plan, and Allah plans. And Allah is the best of planners.  

And, remember, O Muhammad (s), when the disbelievers — who had gathered to discuss your affair at the council assembly — were plotting against you, to confine you, to chain you up and imprison you, or slay you — all of them ˹acting as˺ assassins of one man — or to expel you, from Mecca, and they were plotting, against you, and God was plotting, against them, by devising a way ˹out˺ for you, when He revealed to you what they had devised and commanded you to leave ˹Mecca˺; and God is the best of those who plot, the most knowledgeable among them about it.
القرآن:٨:٣٠ –

وَإِذْ يَمْكُرُ بِكَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لِيُثْبِتُوكَ أَوْ يَقْتُلُوكَ أَوْ يُخْرِجُوكَ ۚ وَيَمْكُرُونَ وَيَمْكُرُ اللَّهُ ۖ وَاللَّهُ خَيْرُ الْمَاكِرِينَ  

{و} اذكر يا محمد {إذ يمكر بك الذين كفروا} وقد اجتمعوا للمشاورة في شأنك بدار الندوة {ليثبتوك} يوثقوك ويحبسوك {أو يقتلوك} كلهم قَتلَة رجل واحد {أو يخرجوك} من مكة {ويمكرون} بك {ويمكرُ الله} بهم بتدبير أمرك بأن أوحى إليك ما دبروه وأمرك بالخروج {والله خير الماكرين} أعلمهم به.
quran:8:31 –

And when Our verses are recited to them, they say, "We have heard. If we willed, we could say ˹something˺ like this. This is not but legends of the former peoples."  

And when Our verses, namely, the Qur’ān, were being recited to them, they said, ‘We have already heard! If we wish we can speak the like of this — al-Nadr b. al-Hārith said this, for he used to travel on trading business to al-Hīra, where he would buy books containing the tales of the Persians, and would recount these to the Meccans; this, Qur’ān, is nothing but the fables, the lies, of the ancients’.
القرآن:٨:٣١ –

وَإِذَا تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتُنَا قَالُوا قَدْ سَمِعْنَا لَوْ نَشَاءُ لَقُلْنَا مِثْلَ هَٰذَا ۙ إِنْ هَٰذَا إِلَّا أَسَاطِيرُ الْأَوَّلِينَ  

{وإذا تُتلى عليهم آياتنا} القرآن {قالوا قد سمعنا لو نشاء لقلنا مثل هذا} قاله النضر بن الحارث لأنه كان يأتي الحيرة يتجر فيشتري كتب أخبار الأعاجم ويحدث بها أهل مكة {إن} ما {هذا} القرآن {إلا أساطير} أكاذيب {الأولين}.
quran:8:32 –

And ˹remember˺ when they said, "O Allah, if this should be the truth from You, then rain down upon us stones from the sky or bring us a painful punishment."  

And when they said, ‘O God! If this, that Muhammad (s) recites, be indeed the truth, revealed, from You, then rain down stones upon us from the heaven, or bring on us a painful chastisement’, in return for ˹our˺ denial of it: this was said by al-Nadr and others, in mockery and in delusion that he had some insight and certainty about it ˹the Qur’ān˺ being false.
القرآن:٨:٣٢ –

وَإِذْ قَالُوا اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ هَٰذَا هُوَ الْحَقَّ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ فَأَمْطِرْ عَلَيْنَا حِجَارَةً مِنَ السَّمَاءِ أَوِ ائْتِنَا بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ  

{وإذ قالوا اللهم إن كان هذا} الذي يقرؤه محمد {هو الحقَّ} المنزل {من عندك فأمطر علينا حجارة من السماء أو ائتنا بعذاب أليم} مؤلم على إنكاره قاله النصر، وغيره استهزاءً وإيهاما أنه على بصيرة وجزم ببطلانه.
quran:8:33 –

But Allah would not punish them while you, ˹O Muhammad˺, are among them, and Allah would not punish them while they seek forgiveness.  

God then says: But God was not about to chastise them, for what they requested, while you were among them, for when chastisement is sent down it is all-encompassing, and no community was ever chastised except after its prophet and the believers had departed from it; nor was God about to chastise them while they sought forgiveness, crying, as they performed the circumambulations: ‘Your forgiveness! Your forgiveness!’; it is also said that this ˹last clause˺ refers to those oppressed believers among them, similar to where God says Had they been clearly separated, verily We would have chastised the disbelievers among them with a painful chastisement ˹Q. 48:25˺.
القرآن:٨:٣٣ –

وَمَا كَانَ اللَّهُ لِيُعَذِّبَهُمْ وَأَنْتَ فِيهِمْ ۚ وَمَا كَانَ اللَّهُ مُعَذِّبَهُمْ وَهُمْ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ  

قال تعالى: {وما كان الله ليعذَّبهم} بما سألوه {وأنت فيهم} لأن العذاب إذا نزل عَمَّ ولم تعذَّب أمة إلا بعد خروج نبيها والمؤمنين منها {وما كان الله معذبَهم وهم يستغفرون} حيث يقولون في طوافهم: غفرانك، غفرانك. وقيل أهم المؤمنون المستضعفون فيهم كما قال تعالى: (لو تزيَّلوا لعذبنا الذين كفروا منهم عذابا أليما).
quran:8:34 –

But why should Allah not punish them while they obstruct ˹people˺ from al-Masjid al- Haram and they were not ˹fit to be˺ its guardians? Its ˹true˺ guardians are not but the righteous, but most of them do not know.  

But what ˹plea˺ have they now, that God should not chastise them, with the sword, after your departure and that of the oppressed ˹believers˺ — if this ˹verse˺ is understood in accordance with the first opinion ˹that it refers to the idolaters asking forgiveness˺, then it abrogates the previous one, for God had chastised them at Badr and in other instances — when they bar, prevent the Prophet (s) and the Muslims, from the Sacred Mosque, ˹from˺ performing circumambulations there, though they are not its guardians?, as they claim? Its only ˹rightful˺ guardians are the God-fearing, but most of them do not know, that they have no ˹rightful˺ custodianship over it.
القرآن:٨:٣٤ –

وَمَا لَهُمْ أَلَّا يُعَذِّبَهُمُ اللَّهُ وَهُمْ يَصُدُّونَ عَنِ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ وَمَا كَانُوا أَوْلِيَاءَهُ ۚ إِنْ أَوْلِيَاؤُهُ إِلَّا الْمُتَّقُونَ وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ  

{ومالهم أ} ن {لا يعذبهم الله} بالسيف بعد خروجك والمستضعفين وعلى القول الأول هي ناسخة لما قبلها وقد عذَّبهم الله ببدر وغيره {وهم يصدُّون} يمنعون النبي ﷺ والمسلمين {عن المسجد الحرام} أن يطوفوا به {وما كانوا أولياءه} كما زعموا {إن} ما {أولياؤه إلا المتقون ولكن أكثرهم لا يعلمون} أن لا ولاية لهم عليه.
quran:8:35 –

And their prayer at the House was not except whistling and handclapping. So taste the punishment for what you disbelieved.  

And their prayer at the ˹Sacred˺ House is nothing but whistling and hand-clapping: in other words they do this in place of the prayer which they were ordered to perform — therefore taste now, at Badr, the chastisement for your unbelief!
القرآن:٨:٣٥ –

وَمَا كَانَ صَلَاتُهُمْ عِنْدَ الْبَيْتِ إِلَّا مُكَاءً وَتَصْدِيَةً ۚ فَذُوقُوا الْعَذَابَ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَكْفُرُونَ  

{وما كان صلاتُهم عند البيت إلا مُكاءً} صفيرا {وتصديةً} تصفيقا أي جعلوا ذلك موضع صلاتهم التي أمروا بها {فذوقوا العذاب} ببدر {بما كنتم تكفرون}.
quran:8:36 –

Indeed, those who disbelieve spend their wealth to avert ˹people˺ from the way of Allah. So they will spend it; then it will be for them a ˹source of˺ regret; then they will be overcome. And those who have disbelieved - unto Hell they will be gathered.  

The disbelievers expend their wealth, in waging war against the Prophet (s), in order to bar from God’s way, and they will expend it until, in the end, it will be a source of anguish for them, a regret, for having lost it and lost what they had intended ˹by expending it˺; then they will be defeated, in this world, and the disbelievers, among them, will be gathered, driven, into Hell, in the Hereafter,
القرآن:٨:٣٦ –

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا يُنْفِقُونَ أَمْوَالَهُمْ لِيَصُدُّوا عَنْ سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ ۚ فَسَيُنْفِقُونَهَا ثُمَّ تَكُونُ عَلَيْهِمْ حَسْرَةً ثُمَّ يُغْلَبُونَ ۗ وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا إِلَىٰ جَهَنَّمَ يُحْشَرُونَ  

{إن الذين كفروا ينفقون أموالهم} في حرب النبي ﷺ {ليصدوا عن سبيل الله فسينفقونها ثم تكون} في عاقبة الأمر {عليهم حسرة} ندامة لفواتها وفوات ما قصدوه {ثم يغلبون} في الدنيا {والذين كفروا} منهم {إلى جهنم} في الآخرة {يحشرون} يساقون.
quran:8:37 –

˹This is˺ so that Allah may distinguish the wicked from the good and place the wicked some of them upon others and heap them all together and put them into Hell. It is those who are the losers.  

that God may distinguish (read li-yamīza, or li-yumayyiza, is semantically connected to takūnu, ‘it will be’ ˹from the previous verse˺) the wicked, the disbeliever, from the good, the believer, and place the wicked one upon another, and heap them up all together and put them in Hell: those, they are the losers.
القرآن:٨:٣٧ –

لِيَمِيزَ اللَّهُ الْخَبِيثَ مِنَ الطَّيِّبِ وَيَجْعَلَ الْخَبِيثَ بَعْضَهُ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ فَيَرْكُمَهُ جَمِيعًا فَيَجْعَلَهُ فِي جَهَنَّمَ ۚ أُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْخَاسِرُونَ  

{ليميزَ} متعلق بتكون بالتخفيف والشديد أي يفصل {الله الخبيث} الكافر {من الطيب} المؤمن {ويجعل الخبيث بعضه على بعض فيَرْكُمَهُ جميعا} يجمعه متراكما بعضه على بعض {فيجعله في جهنَّم أولئك هم الخاسرون}.