8. Sūrat al-Anfāl

٨۔ سُورَةُ الأنفَال

8.10 Treaties must be honored unless broken with proper notification.

٨۔١٠ مقطع في سُورَةُ الأنفَال

quran:8:55

Indeed, the worst of living creatures in the sight of Allah are those who have disbelieved, and they will not ˹ever˺ believe -  

The following was revealed regarding ˹Banū˺ Qurayza: Surely the worst of beasts in God’s sight are the ungrateful who will not believe,
القرآن:٨:٥٥

إِنَّ شَرَّ الدَّوَابِّ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا فَهُمْ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ  

ونزل في قريظة: {إن شرَّ الدواب عند الله الذين كفروا فهم لا يؤمنون}.
quran:8:56

The ones with whom you made a treaty but then they break their pledge every time, and they do not fear Allah.  

those of them with whom you have made a pact, not to support the idolaters, and then break their pact every time, they conclude one, and they are not fearful, of God, in their treachery.
القرآن:٨:٥٦

الَّذِينَ عَاهَدْتَ مِنْهُمْ ثُمَّ يَنْقُضُونَ عَهْدَهُمْ فِي كُلِّ مَرَّةٍ وَهُمْ لَا يَتَّقُونَ  

{الذين عاهدت منهم} ألا يعينوا المشركين {ثم ينقضون عهدهم في كل مرة} عاهدوا فيها {وهم لا يتقون} الله في غدرهم.
quran:8:57

So if you, ˹O Muhammad˺, gain dominance over them in war, disperse by ˹means of˺ them those behind them that perhaps they will be reminded.  

So if (fa-immā: here the letter nūn of the conditional particle in, ‘if’, has been assimilated with the extra mā) you come upon them, ˹if˺ you find them, anywhere in the war, ˹deal with them so as to˺ cause those, fighters, behind them to scatter, to disperse, by making an example of them and punishing them, so that they, the ones behind them, might remember, ˹that they might˺ take heed from their example.
القرآن:٨:٥٧

فَإِمَّا تَثْقَفَنَّهُمْ فِي الْحَرْبِ فَشَرِّدْ بِهِمْ مَنْ خَلْفَهُمْ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَذَّكَّرُونَ  

{فإما} فيه إدغام نون إن الشرطية في ما المزيدة {تثقفنَّهم} تجدنهم {في الحرب فشرِّد} فرق {بهم من خلفهم} من المحاربين بالتنكيل بهم والعقوبة {لعلَّهم} أي الذين خلفهم {يذَّكرون} يتعظون بهم.
quran:8:58

If you ˹have reason to˺ fear from a people betrayal, throw ˹their treaty˺ back to them, ˹putting you˺ on equal terms. Indeed, Allah does not like traitors.  

And if you fear, from any folk, who have concluded a pact with you, some treachery, in a pact, through some indication that comes to you, then cast it back to them, dissolve their pact, with fairness (‘alā sawā’ is a circumstantial qualifier), that is to say, while you and they have equal knowledge that the pact has been broken, by your apprising them thereof, lest they accuse you of treachery. Truly God does not love the treacherous.
القرآن:٨:٥٨

وَإِمَّا تَخَافَنَّ مِنْ قَوْمٍ خِيَانَةً فَانْبِذْ إِلَيْهِمْ عَلَىٰ سَوَاءٍ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ الْخَائِنِينَ  

{وإما تخافن من قوم} عاهدوك {خيانة} في عهد بأمارةٍ تلوح لك {فانبذ} اطرح عهدهم {إليهم على سواء} حال أي مستويا أنت وهم في العلم بنقض العهد بأن تعلمهم به لئلا يتهموك بالغدر {إن الله لا يحب الخائنين}.