33. Sūrat al-Aḥzāb

٣٣۔ سُورَةُ الأحزَاب

33.3 The Prophet's wives are the believers' mothers. Blood relations have greater claims than others in the Book of God.

٣٣۔٣ مقطع في سُورَةُ الأحزَاب

quran:33:6

The Prophet is more worthy of the believers than themselves, and his wives are ˹in the position of˺ their mothers. And those of ˹blood˺ relationship are more entitled ˹to inheritance˺ in the decree of Allah than the ˹other˺ believers and the emigrants, except that you may do to your close associates a kindness ˹through bequest˺. That was in the Book inscribed.  

The Prophet is closer to the believers than their ˹own˺ souls, in terms of what he calls them to and what their own souls have called them to contravene, and his wives are their mothers, insofar as they ˹the believers˺ are forbidden to marry them. And those related by blood, kinsmen, are more entitled, to inherit ˹from˺, one another in the Book of God than the ˹other˺ believers and the Emigrants, in other words, than inheriting on account of ˹their sharing˺ faith and the Emigration, which had been the case at the beginning of Islam but was then abrogated; barring any favour you may do your friends, by ˹making˺ a bequest, which is permissible. This, namely, the abrogation of inheritance on account of ˹shared˺ faith and Emigration by the inheritance on account of kinship, is written in the Book — in both instances al-kitāb, ‘the Book’, denotes the Preserved Tablet (al-lawh al-mahfūz).
القرآن:٣٣:٦

النَّبِيُّ أَوْلَىٰ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ ۖ وَأَزْوَاجُهُ أُمَّهَاتُهُمْ ۗ وَأُولُو الْأَرْحَامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلَىٰ بِبَعْضٍ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُهَاجِرِينَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَفْعَلُوا إِلَىٰ أَوْلِيَائِكُمْ مَعْرُوفًا ۚ كَانَ ذَٰلِكَ فِي الْكِتَابِ مَسْطُورًا  

{النبيُّ أولى بالمؤمنين من أنفسهم} فيما دعاهم إليه ودعتهم أنفسهم إلى خلافه {وأزواجه أمهاتهم} في حرمة نكاحهن عليهم {وأولوا الأرحام} ذوو القرابات {بعضهم أولى ببعض} في الإرث {في كتاب الله من المؤمنين والمهاجرين} أي من الإرث بالإيمان والهجرة الذي كان أول الإسلام فنسخ {إلا} لكن {أن تفعلوا إلى أوليائكم معروفا} بوصية فجائز {كان ذلك} أي نسخ الإرث بالإيمان والهجرة بإرث ذوي الأرحام {في الكتاب مسطورا} وأريد بالكتاب في الموضعين اللوح المحفوظ.
quran:33:7

And ˹mention, O Muhammad˺, when We took from the prophets their covenant and from you and from Noah and Abraham and Moses and Jesus, the son of Mary; and We took from them a solemn covenant.  

And, mention, when We took a pledge from the prophets, at the point when they were brought forth from the loins of Adam, the size of atoms, and from you, and from Noah and Abraham and Moses and Jesus son of Mary, that they worship ˹only˺ God and call others to worship Him (the mention of the five ˹names˺ is an instance of supplementing the specific to the general). And We took from them a solemn pledge, a solid ˹one˺, that they fulfil what they have been charged with, and this was ˹effected˺ by ˹swearing˺ an oath to God, after which the pledge was consummated;
القرآن:٣٣:٧

وَإِذْ أَخَذْنَا مِنَ النَّبِيِّينَ مِيثَاقَهُمْ وَمِنْكَ وَمِنْ نُوحٍ وَإِبْرَاهِيمَ وَمُوسَىٰ وَعِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ ۖ وَأَخَذْنَا مِنْهُمْ مِيثَاقًا غَلِيظًا  

{و} اذكر {إذ أخذنا من النبيين ميثاقهم} حين أخرجوا من صلب آدم كالذرّ جمع ذرة وهي أصغر النمل {ومنك ومن نوح وإبراهيم وموسى وعيسى ابن مريم} بأن يعبدوا الله ويدعوا إلى عبادته وذكر الخمسة من عطف الخاص على العام {وأخذنا منهم ميثاقا غليظا} شديدا بالوفاء بما حملوه وهو اليمين بالله تعالى ثم أخذ الميثاق.
quran:33:8

That He may question the truthful about their truth. And He has prepared for the disbelievers a painful punishment.  

that He, God, may question the truthful about their truthfulness, in delivering the Message, as a way thereby to ˹justifiably˺ reproach the disbelievers; and He, exalted be He, has prepared for those who disbelieve, in them, a painful chastisement (‘adhāban alīman is a supplement to akhadhnā, ‘We took’).
القرآن:٣٣:٨

لِيَسْأَلَ الصَّادِقِينَ عَنْ صِدْقِهِمْ ۚ وَأَعَدَّ لِلْكَافِرِينَ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا  

{ليسأل} الله {الصادقين عن صدقهم} في تبليغ الرسالة تبكيتا للكافرين بهم {وأعد} تعالى {للكافرين} بهم {عذابا أليما} مؤلما هو عطف على أخذنا.