[Machine] In His statement, {And let those who do not leave behind weak offspring fear for them} [Quran 4:9], it means that when a man is on his deathbed, he is advised to give charity, free slaves, and give from his wealth in the way of Allah. However, they are prohibited from commanding him to do so. This means that if someone among you is sick and close to death, he should not be commanded to spend his money on freeing slaves, charity, or in the way of Allah. Rather, he should be commanded to make clear what he owes and what is owed to him in terms of debts, and he should leave a will for his close relatives who do not inherit from him, instructing them to take a fifth or a quarter. It is said, "Is it permissible for one of you, when he dies and has weak offspring, meaning young children, to leave them without wealth, so they become burdens on people?" It is not appropriate for you to command him to do something that you would not be pleased with for yourselves and your own children. Rather, speak the truth from that.  

فِي قَوْلِهِ {وَلْيَخْشَ الَّذِينَ لَوْ تَرَكُوا مِنْ خَلْفِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّةً ضِعَافًا خَافُوا عَلَيْهِمْ} [النساء 9] يَعْنِي الرَّجُلَ يَحْضُرُهُ الْمَوْتُ فَيُقَالُ لَهُ تَصَدَّقْ مِنْ مَالِكَ وَأَعْتِقْ وَأَعْطِ مِنْهُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ فَنُهُوا أَنْ يَأْمُرُوهُ بِذَلِكَ يَعْنِي مَنْ حَضَرَ مِنْكُمْ مَرِيضًا عِنْدَ الْمَوْتِ فَلَا يَأْمُرُهُ أَنْ يُنْفِقَ مَالَهُ فِي الْعِتْقِ وَالصَّدَقَةِ وَفِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ وَلَكِنْ يَأْمُرُهُ أَنْ يُبَيِّنَ مَا لَهُ وَمَا عَلَيْهِ مِنْ دَيْنٍ وَيُوصِي مِنْ مَالِهِ لِذِي قَرَابَتِهِ الَّذِينَ لَا يَرِثُونَ يُوصِي لَهُمْ بِالْخُمُسِ أَوِ الرُّبُعِ يَقُولُ أَيَسُرُّ أَحَدَكُمْ إِذَا مَاتَ وَلَهُ وَلَدٌ ضِعَافٌ يَعْنِي صِغَارًا أَنْ يَتْرُكَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ مَالٍ؛ فَيَكُونُوا عِيَالًا عَلَى النَّاسِ فَلَا يَنْبَغِي أَنْ تَأْمُرُوهُ بِمَا لَا تَرْضَوْنَ بِهِ لِأَنْفُسِكُمْ وَلِأَوْلَادِكُمْ وَلَكِنْ قُولُوا الْحَقَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ  

فِي قَوْلِهِ وَلْيَخْشَ الَّذِينَ لَوْ تَرَكُوا مِنْ خَلْفِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّةً ضِعَافًا فَهَذَا الرَّجُلُ يَحْضُرُ الرَّجُلَ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ فَيُسْمِعُهُ يُوصِيهِ يَضُرُّ بِوَرَثَتِهِ فَأَمَرَ اللهُ سُبْحَانَهُ الَّذِي يُسْمِعُهُ أَنْ يَتَّقِيَ اللهَ وَيُفَقِّهَهُ وَيُسَدِّدَهُ لِلصَّوَابِ وَلْيَنْظُرْ لِوَرَثَتِهِ كَمَا يُحِبُّ أَنْ يُصْنَعَ بِوَرَثَتِهِ إِذَا خَشِيَ عَلَيْهِمُ الضَّيْعَةَ  

[Machine] About Mujahid's saying, {And let them fear who, if they left behind them weak offspring} [Al-Nisa 9]. He said, this is said during the will when someone says to the person attending, "You have reduced it, so make a bequest for so-and-so and the family of so-and-so." Allah says, {And let them fear} [Al-Nisa 9]. These people {And let them speak} [Al-Nisa 9] as they love to be said about them concerning their children after them, {And let them speak a word of justice} [Al-Nisa 9], meaning fairness.  

عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ {وَلْيَخْشَ الَّذِينَ لَوْ تَرَكُوا مِنْ خَلْفِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّةً ضِعَافًا} [النساء 9] قَالَ هَذَا عِنْدَ الْوَصِيَّةِ يَقُولُ لَهُ مَنْ حَضَرَهُ أَقْلَلْتَ فَأَوْصِ لِفُلَانٍ وَلِآلِ فُلَانٍ يَقُولُ اللهُ {وَلْيَخْشَ} [النساء 9] أُولَئِكَ {وَلْيَقُولُوا} [النساء 9] كَمَا يُحِبُّونَ أَنْ يُقَالَ لَهُمْ فِي وَلَدِهِ بَعْدَهُ {وَلْيَقُولُوا قَوْلًا سَدِيدًا} [النساء 9] يَعْنِي عَدْلًا  

[Machine] Indeed, Allah has distributed among you. So take the distribution in a good manner. And whoever desires the reward of this world, let him know that Allah does not guide the one who goes astray from His guidance. And advise your relatives who do not expect an inheritance from you. Then, give the property as Allah has distributed it.  

لَهُ إِنَّ اللهَ سُبْحَانَهُ قَدْ قَسَمَ بَيْنَكُمْ فَأَحْسِنِ الْقَسْمَ وَإِنَّهُ مَنْ يَرْغَبْ بِرَأْيِهِ عَنْ رَأْيِ اللهِ يَضِلَّ فَأَوْصِ لِذِي قَرَابَةٍ مِمَّنْ لَا يَرِثُ ثُمَّ دَعِ الْمَالَ كَمَا قَسَمَهُ اللهُ ﷻ  

The Prophet ﷺ said: A man or a woman acts in obedience to Allah for sixty years, then when they are about to die they cause injury by their will, so they must go to Hell. Then AbuHurayrah recited: "After a legacy which you bequeath or a debt, causing no injury...that will be the mighty success. Abu Dawud said: Al-Ash'ath b. Jabir is the grandfather of Nasr b. 'Ali. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2867)   

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَعْمَلُ أَوِ الْمَرْأَةُ بِطَاعَةِ اللهِ سِتِّينَ سَنَةً ثُمَّ يَحْضُرُهُمَا الْمَوْتُ فَيُضَارَّانِ فِي الْوَصِيَّةِ فَتَجِبُ لَهُمَا النَّارُ وَقَالَ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ عَلَيَّ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ مِنْ هَا هُنَا {مِنْ بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍ يُوصَى بِهَا أَوْ دَيْنٍ غَيْرَ مُضَارٍّ} [النساء 12] حَتَّى بَلَغَ {وَذَلِكَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ} [النساء 13]  

[Machine] On the authority of the Prophet ﷺ , he said, "Harming others in a will is one of the major sins."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ الْإِضْرَارُ فِي الْوَصِيَّةِ مِنَ الْكَبَائِرِ  

[Machine] About Dawud, it is narrated that he said/was said while standing and it was narrated from another face, being raised and its elevation is weak.  

عَنْ دَاوُدَ مَوْقُوفًا وَرُوِيَ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ مَرْفُوعًا وَرَفْعُهُ ضَعِيفٌ