26. Sūrat al-Shuʿarāʾ

٢٦۔ سُورَةُ الشُّعَرَاء

26.3 Pharaoh took the Prophet Moses's miracles as magic and summoned the magicians to compete. After witnessing a miracle, all the magicians embraced Islām.

٢٦۔٣ مقطع في سُورَةُ الشُّعَرَاء

quran:26:34

˹Pharaoh˺ said to the eminent ones around him, "Indeed, this is a learned magician.  

He, Pharaoh, said to the council around him, ‘Surely this man is a cunning sorcerer, an expert in the art of magic,
القرآن:٢٦:٣٤

قَالَ لِلْمَلَإِ حَوْلَهُ إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَسَاحِرٌ عَلِيمٌ  

{قال} فرعون {للملإ حوله إنَّ هذا لساحر عليم} فائق في علم السحر.
quran:26:35

He wants to drive you out of your land by his magic, so what do you advise?"  

who seeks to expel you from your land by his sorcery. So what do you advise?’
القرآن:٢٦:٣٥

يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُخْرِجَكُمْ مِنْ أَرْضِكُمْ بِسِحْرِهِ فَمَاذَا تَأْمُرُونَ  

{يريد أن يخرجكم من أرضكم بسحره فماذا تأمرون}.
quran:26:36

They said, "Postpone ˹the matter of˺ him and his brother and send among the cities gatherers  

They said, ‘Put him and his brother off for a while, postpone ˹judgement of˺ their affair, and send musterers into the cities
القرآن:٢٦:٣٦

قَالُوا أَرْجِهْ وَأَخَاهُ وَابْعَثْ فِي الْمَدَائِنِ حَاشِرِينَ  

{قالوا أرجه وأخاه} أخّر أمرهما {وابعث في المدائن حاشرين} جامعين.
quran:26:37

Who will bring you every learned, skilled magician."  

to bring you every cunning sorcerer’, to surpass Moses in the art of magic.
القرآن:٢٦:٣٧

يَأْتُوكَ بِكُلِّ سَحَّارٍ عَلِيمٍ  

{يأتوك بكل سَحَّار عليم} يفضل موسى في علم السحر.
quran:26:38

So the magicians were assembled for the appointment of a well-known day.  

So the sorcerers were assembled at a fixed time of a known day, which was the morning of the Festival Day.
القرآن:٢٦:٣٨

فَجُمِعَ السَّحَرَةُ لِمِيقَاتِ يَوْمٍ مَعْلُومٍ  

{فجمع السحرة لميقات يوم معلوم} وهو وقت الضحى من يوم الزينة.
quran:26:39

And it was said to the people, "Will you congregate  

And it was said to the people, ‘Will you assemble!’
القرآن:٢٦:٣٩

وَقِيلَ لِلنَّاسِ هَلْ أَنْتُمْ مُجْتَمِعُونَ  

{وقيل للناس هل أنتم مجتمعون}.
quran:26:40

That we might follow the magicians if they are the predominant?"  

Maybe we will follow the sorcerers, should they be the victors’ (the interrogative ˹of the previous verse˺ is an incitement to assemble and the optative sense ˹implicit in la‘alla˺ is due to their anticipation of victory, and hence their continued adherence to their religion and rejection of Moses).
القرآن:٢٦:٤٠

لَعَلَّنَا نَتَّبِعُ السَّحَرَةَ إِنْ كَانُوا هُمُ الْغَالِبِينَ  

{لعلنا نتبع السحرة إن كانوا هم الغالبين} الاستفهام للحث على الاجتماع والترجي على تقدير غلبتهم ليستمروا على دينهم فلا يتبعوا موسى.
quran:26:41

And when the magicians arrived, they said to Pharaoh, "Is there indeed for us a reward if we are the predominant?"  

So when the sorcerers came, they said to Pharaoh, ‘Shall we indeed (read a-inna either by pronouncing both hamzas, or by not pronouncing the second, but in both cases inserting an alif) have a reward if we were to be the victors?’
القرآن:٢٦:٤١

فَلَمَّا جَاءَ السَّحَرَةُ قَالُوا لِفِرْعَوْنَ أَئِنَّ لَنَا لَأَجْرًا إِنْ كُنَّا نَحْنُ الْغَالِبِينَ  

{فلما جاء السحرة قالوا لفرعون أئن} بتحقيق الهمزتين وتسهيل الثانية وإدخال ألف بينهما على الوجيهين {لنا لأجرا إن كنا نحن الغالبين}.
quran:26:42

He said, "Yes, and indeed, you will then be of those near ˹to me˺."  

He said, ‘Yes ˹of course˺! And you shall then be among those closest ˹to me˺’.
القرآن:٢٦:٤٢

قَالَ نَعَمْ وَإِنَّكُمْ إِذًا لَمِنَ الْمُقَرَّبِينَ  

{قال نعم وإنكم إذاً} أي حينئذ {لمن المقربين}.
quran:26:43

Moses said to them, "Throw whatever you will throw."  

Moses said to them, after they had said to him, Either you cast, or we shall be the casters ˹Q. 7:115˺: ‘Cast what you have to cast’ — the command to do this signifies an authorisation for them to cast and a means whereby the truth will be made to prevail.
القرآن:٢٦:٤٣

قَالَ لَهُمْ مُوسَىٰ أَلْقُوا مَا أَنْتُمْ مُلْقُونَ  

{قال لهم موسى} بعد ما قالوا له (إما أن تُلقي وإما أن نكون نحن الملقين) {ألقوا ما أنتم ملقون} فالأمر فيه للإذن بتقديم إلقائهم توسلا به إلى إظهار الحق.
quran:26:44

So they threw their ropes and their staffs and said, "By the might of Pharaoh, indeed it is we who are predominant."  

So they cast their ropes and their staffs, and said, ‘By the power of Pharaoh we shall surely be the victors!’
القرآن:٢٦:٤٤

فَأَلْقَوْا حِبَالَهُمْ وَعِصِيَّهُمْ وَقَالُوا بِعِزَّةِ فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّا لَنَحْنُ الْغَالِبُونَ  

{فألقوْا حبالهم وعصيهم وقالوا بعزة فرعون إنا لنحن الغالبون}.
quran:26:45

Then Moses threw his staff, and at once it devoured what they falsified.  

Thereat Moses cast his staff and lo! it was swallowing (talqafu: one of the original two tā’ letters ˹of taltaqifu˺ has been assimilated) what they had faked, ˹what they had˺ transformed through illusion, making their ropes and staffs appear to be moving serpents.
القرآن:٢٦:٤٥

فَأَلْقَىٰ مُوسَىٰ عَصَاهُ فَإِذَا هِيَ تَلْقَفُ مَا يَأْفِكُونَ  

{فألقى موسى عصاه فإذا هي تلقف} بحذف إحدى التاءين من الأصل تبتلع {ما يأفكون} يقلبونه بتمويههم فيخيلون حبالهم وعصيهم أنها حيات تسعى.
quran:26:46

So the magicians fell down in prostration ˹to Allah˺.  

So the sorcerers fell down prostrating.
القرآن:٢٦:٤٦

فَأُلْقِيَ السَّحَرَةُ سَاجِدِينَ  

{فألقيَ السحرة ساجدين}.
quran:26:47

They said, "We have believed in the Lord of the worlds,  

They said, ‘We believe in the Lord of the Worlds,
القرآن:٢٦:٤٧

قَالُوا آمَنَّا بِرَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ  

{قالوا آمنا برب العالمين}.
quran:26:48

The Lord of Moses and Aaron."  

the Lord of Moses and Aaron’, for they realised that what they had witnessed in the case of the staff could not have been the result of ˹mere˺ sorcery.
القرآن:٢٦:٤٨

رَبِّ مُوسَىٰ وَهَارُونَ  

{رب موسى وهارون} لعلمهم بأن ما شاهدوه من العصا لا يتأتى بالسحر.
quran:26:49

˹Pharaoh˺ said, "You believed Moses before I gave you permission. Indeed, he is your leader who has taught you magic, but you are going to know. I will surely cut off your hands and your feet on opposite sides, and I will surely crucify you all."  

Pharaoh said, ‘Do you believe (a-āmantum, read pronouncing both hamzas or replacing the second one with an alif) him, Moses, though I have not given you leave? He is indeed your chief, the one who has taught you sorcery — so that he only taught you some ˹tricks˺ and then surpassed you with others. Soon you will know, what I will do with you! I will assuredly cut off your hands and legs on opposite sides — in other words, the right hand of each one together with his left leg — then I shall surely crucify you all.’
القرآن:٢٦:٤٩

قَالَ آمَنْتُمْ لَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ آذَنَ لَكُمْ ۖ إِنَّهُ لَكَبِيرُكُمُ الَّذِي عَلَّمَكُمُ السِّحْرَ فَلَسَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ ۚ لَأُقَطِّعَنَّ أَيْدِيَكُمْ وَأَرْجُلَكُمْ مِنْ خِلَافٍ وَلَأُصَلِّبَنَّكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ  

{قال} فرعون {أآمنتم} بتحقيق الهمزتين وإبدال الثانية ألفا {له} لموسى {قبل أن آذن} أنا {لكم إنه لكبيركم الذي علمكم السحر} فعلَّمك شيئا منه وغلبكم بآخر {فلسوف تعلمون} ما ينالكم مني {لأقطعنَّ أيديكم وأرجلكم من خلاف} أي يد كل واحد اليمنى ورجله اليسرى {ولأصلبنكم أجمعين}.
quran:26:50

They said, "No harm. Indeed, to our Lord we will return.  

They said, ‘There is no harm ˹in that˺, no damage will be done to us thereby. Surely to our Lord, after we die, whichever way that may be, we shall return, in the Hereafter.
القرآن:٢٦:٥٠

قَالُوا لَا ضَيْرَ ۖ إِنَّا إِلَىٰ رَبِّنَا مُنْقَلِبُونَ  

{قالوا لا ضَيْرَ} لا ضرر علينا في ذلك {إنا إلى ربنا} بعد موتنا بأي وجه كان {منقلبون} راجعون في الآخرة.
quran:26:51

Indeed, we aspire that our Lord will forgive us our sins because we were the first of the believers."  

Indeed We hope our Lord will forgive us our iniquities, for being the first to believe’, in our time.
القرآن:٢٦:٥١

إِنَّا نَطْمَعُ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ لَنَا رَبُّنَا خَطَايَانَا أَنْ كُنَّا أَوَّلَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ  

{إنا نطمع} نرجوا {أن يغفر لنا ربنا خطايانا أن} أي بأن {كنَّا أول المؤمنين} في زماننا.