#parents

quran:46:17 –

But one who says to his parents, "Uff to you; do you promise me that I will be brought forth ˹from the earth˺ when generations before me have already passed on ˹into oblivion˺?" while they call to Allah for help ˹and to their son˺, "Woe to you! Believe! Indeed, the promise of Allah is truth." But he says, "This is not but legends of the former people" -  

As for him who says to his parents (li-wālidayhi: a variant reading has li-wālidihi, ‘his parent’, denoting the generic noun): ‘Fie (read uffin or uffan, as a verbal noun, meaning: ‘˹something˺ putrid and disgusting’) on you both: I am exasperated at both of you. Do you threaten me (a-ta‘idāninī: a variant reading has ata‘idānnī) that I shall be raised, from the grave, when already generations, communities, have passed away before me?’, and they have not been raised from their graves. And they call on God for succour, that he ˹their child˺ repent, saying ˹to him˺: if you do not repent, ‘Woe to you (waylaka, that is to say, halākaka, ‘you are ruined!’). Believe!, in resurrection. Surely God’s promise is true’. But he says, ‘This, belief in resurrection, is nothing but the fables of the ancients’, lies of theirs.
القرآن:٤٦:١٧ –

وَالَّذِي قَالَ لِوَالِدَيْهِ أُفٍّ لَكُمَا أَتَعِدَانِنِي أَنْ أُخْرَجَ وَقَدْ خَلَتِ الْقُرُونُ مِنْ قَبْلِي وَهُمَا يَسْتَغِيثَانِ اللَّهَ وَيْلَكَ آمِنْ إِنَّ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ حَقٌّ فَيَقُولُ مَا هَٰذَا إِلَّا أَسَاطِيرُ الْأَوَّلِينَ  

{والذي قال لوالديه} وفي قراءة بالإدغام أريد به الجنس {أفَِ} بكسر الفاء وفتحها بمعنى مصدر، أي نتنا وقبحا {لكما} أتضجر منكما {أتعدانني} وفي قراءة بالإدغام {أن أخرج} من القبر {وقد خلت القرون} الأمم {من قبلي} ولم تخرج من القبور {وهما يستغيثان الله} يسألانه الغوث برجوعه ويقولان إن لم ترجع {ويلك} أي هلاكك بمعنى هلكت {آمن} بالبعث {إن وعد الله حق فيقول ما هذا} أي القول بالبعث {إلا أساطير الأولين} أكاذيبهم.
quran:29:8 –

And We have enjoined upon man goodness to parents. But if they endeavor to make you associate with Me that of which you have no knowledge, do not obey them. To Me is your return, and I will inform you about what you used to do.  

And We have enjoined on man kindness to his parents, that he should be dutiful towards them; but if they urge you to ascribe to Me as partner that of which you do not have any knowledge, ˹any knowledge˺ that accords with reality, and so is meaningless, then do not obey them, in ˹such incitements to˺ idolatry. To Me will be your return whereat I will inform you of what you used to do, and I will requite you for it.
القرآن:٢٩:٨ –

وَوَصَّيْنَا الْإِنْسَانَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ حُسْنًا ۖ وَإِنْ جَاهَدَاكَ لِتُشْرِكَ بِي مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ بِهِ عِلْمٌ فَلَا تُطِعْهُمَا ۚ إِلَيَّ مَرْجِعُكُمْ فَأُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ  

{ووصينا الإنسان بوالديه حسناً} أي إيصاء ذات حسن بأن يبرهما {وإن جاهداك لتشرك بي ما ليس لك به} بإشراكه {علم} موافقة للواقع فلا مفهوم له {فلا تطعهما} في الإشراك {إليَّ مرجعكم فأنبئكم بما كنتم تعملون} فأجازيكم به.
quran:31:14 –

And We have enjoined upon man ˹care˺ for his parents. His mother carried him, ˹increasing her˺ in weakness upon weakness, and his weaning is in two years. Be grateful to Me and to your parents; to Me is the ˹final˺ destination.  

And We have enjoined man concerning his parents, We commanded him to be dutiful towards them — his mother bears him, and weakens, in weakness after weakness, that is to say, she is weakened by the pregnancy, the pains of labour and the delivery; and his weaning is in two years, and We said to him ˹to man˺: ‘Give thanks to Me and to your parents. To Me is the journey’s end, the return.
القرآن:٣١:١٤ –

وَوَصَّيْنَا الْإِنْسَانَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ حَمَلَتْهُ أُمُّهُ وَهْنًا عَلَىٰ وَهْنٍ وَفِصَالُهُ فِي عَامَيْنِ أَنِ اشْكُرْ لِي وَلِوَالِدَيْكَ إِلَيَّ الْمَصِيرُ  

{ووصينا الإنسان بوالديه} أمرناه أن يبرهما {حملته أمُه} فْوهنت {وهنا على وهنٍ} أي ضعفت للحمل وضعفت للطلق وضعفت للولادة {وفصاله} أي فطامه {في عامين} وقلنا له {أنِ اشكر لي ولوالديك إلىَّ المصير} أي المرجع.
quran:19:32 –

And ˹made me˺ dutiful to my mother, and He has not made me a wretched tyrant.  

and ˹He has made me˺ dutiful towards my mother (barran, in the accusative because of the implicit ˹verb˺ ja‘alanī, ‘He has made me’). And He has not made me arrogant, haughty, wretched, disobedient to his Lord.
القرآن:١٩:٣٢ –

وَبَرًّا بِوَالِدَتِي وَلَمْ يَجْعَلْنِي جَبَّارًا شَقِيًّا  

{وبرا بوالدتي} منصوب بجعلني مقدرا {ولم يجعلني جبارا} متعاظما {شقيا} عاصيا لربه.
quran:19:14 –

And dutiful to his parents, and he was not a disobedient tyrant.  

and dutiful to his parents, that is, virtuous towards them. And he was not arrogant or rebellious, disobedient to his Lord.
القرآن:١٩:١٤ –

وَبَرًّا بِوَالِدَيْهِ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ جَبَّارًا عَصِيًّا  

{وبرّا بوالديه} أي: محسنا إليهما {ولم يكن جبارا} متكبرا {عصيا} عاصيا لربه.
quran:2:83 –

And ˹recall˺ when We took the covenant from the Children of Israel, ˹enjoining upon them˺, "Do not worship except Allah; and to parents do good and to relatives, orphans, and the needy. And speak to people good ˹words˺ and establish prayer and give zakah." Then you turned away, except a few of you, and you were refusing.  

And, mention, when We made a covenant with the Children of Israel, in the Torah, where We said: ‘You shall not worship (a variant reading ˹for lā ta‘budūna˺ has ˹third person plural˺ lā ya‘budūn ˹‘they shall not worship’˺) any other than God (lā ta‘budūna illā Llāha is a predicate denoting a prohibition; one may also read lā ta‘budū ˹Worship you not˺); and to be good, and righteous, to parents, and the near of kin: here kinship is adjoined to parents; and to orphans, and to the needy; and speak well, ˹good˺ words, to men, commanding good and forbidding evil, being truthful with regard to the status of Muhammad (s), and being kind to them ˹sc. orphans and the needy˺ (a variant reading ˹for hasanan˺ has husnan, the verbal noun, used as a hyperbolic description); and observe prayer and pay the alms’, which you actually accepted, but, then you turned away, refusing to fulfil these ˹obligations˺ (here the second person address is used, but their forefathers are ˹still˺ meant); all but a few of you, rejecting it, like your forefathers.
القرآن:٢:٨٣ –

وَإِذْ أَخَذْنَا مِيثَاقَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ لَا تَعْبُدُونَ إِلَّا اللَّهَ وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًا وَذِي الْقُرْبَىٰ وَالْيَتَامَىٰ وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَقُولُوا لِلنَّاسِ حُسْنًا وَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَآتُوا الزَّكَاةَ ثُمَّ تَوَلَّيْتُمْ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا مِنْكُمْ وَأَنْتُمْ مُعْرِضُونَ  

{و} اذكر {إذ أخذنا ميثاق بني إسرائيل} في التوراة وقلنا {لا تعبدون} بالتاء والياء {إلا الله} خبر بمعنى النهي، وقرئ: لا تعبدوا {و} أحسنوا {بالوالدين إحساناً} براً {وذي القربى} القرابة عطف على الوالدين {واليتامى والمساكين وقولوا للناس} قولا {حسناً} من الأمر بالمعروف والنهي عن المنكر والصدق في شأن محمد والرفق بهم، وفي قراءة بضم الحاء وسكون السين مصدر وصف به مبالغة {وأقيموا الصلاة وآتوا الزكاة} فقبلتم ذلك {ثم تولَّيتم} أعرضتم عن الوفاء به، فيه التفات عن الغيبة والمراد آباؤهم {إلا قليلا منكم وأنتم معرضون} عنه كآبائكم.
quran:6:151 –

Say, "Come, I will recite what your Lord has prohibited to you. ˹He commands˺ that you not associate anything with Him, and to parents, good treatment, and do not kill your children out of poverty; We will provide for you and them. And do not approach immoralities - what is apparent of them and what is concealed. And do not kill the soul which Allah has forbidden ˹to be killed˺ except by ˹legal˺ right. This has He instructed you that you may use reason."  

Say: ‘Come, I will recite that which your Lord has made a sacred duty for you: that (allā: ˹consisting of anlā˺ an being explicative) you associate nothing with Him, that you be dutiful to parents, and that you do not slay your children, by burying them alive, because of poverty, destitution, that you may fear — We will provide for you and them — and that you do not draw near any acts of lewdness, grave sins, such as fornication, whether it be manifest or concealed, that is, ˹acts committed˺ overtly or in secret, and that you do not slay the life which God has made sacred, except rightfully, as in the case of retaliation, or ˹as˺ the prescribed punishment for apostasy, and the stoning of an adulterer. This, which is mentioned, is what He has charged you with, that perhaps you will understand, reflect.
القرآن:٦:١٥١ –

قُلْ تَعَالَوْا أَتْلُ مَا حَرَّمَ رَبُّكُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ ۖ أَلَّا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا ۖ وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًا ۖ وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا أَوْلَادَكُمْ مِنْ إِمْلَاقٍ ۖ نَحْنُ نَرْزُقُكُمْ وَإِيَّاهُمْ ۖ وَلَا تَقْرَبُوا الْفَوَاحِشَ مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا وَمَا بَطَنَ ۖ وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمْ وَصَّاكُمْ بِهِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ  

{قل تعالوا أتل} أقرأ {ما حرم ربكم عليكم أ} ن مفسرة {لا تشركوا به شيئا و} أحسنوا {بالوالدين إحسانا ولا تقتلوا أولادكم} بالوأد {من} أجل {إملاق} فقر تخافونه {نحن نرزقكم وإياكم ولا تقربوا الفواحش} الكبائر كالزنا {ما ظهر منها وما بطن} أي علانيتها وسرها {ولا تقتلوا النفس التي حرَّم الله إلا بالحق} كالقود وحد الردة ورجم المحصن {ذلكم} المذكور {وصاكم به لعلكم تعقلون} تتدبرون.
quran:4:36 –

Worship Allah and associate nothing with Him, and to parents do good, and to relatives, orphans, the needy, the near neighbor, the neighbor farther away, the companion at your side, the traveler, and those whom your right hands possess. Indeed, Allah does not like those who are self-deluding and boastful.  

And worship God, declare His Oneness, and associate nothing with Him. Be kind to parents, being dutiful and gentle-mannered, and near kindred, and to orphans, and to the needy, and to the neighbour who is near, to you in terms of ˹physical˺ vicinity or kinship, and to the neighbour who is a stranger, the one far from you in terms of ˹physical˺ vicinity or kinship; and to the friend at your side, a travelling companion, or a colleague at work, and, it is also said, one’s wife; and to the wayfarer, the one cut off during a journey, and to what your right hands own, of bondsmen. Surely God loves not the conceited, the arrogant, and the boastful, ˹the one who boasts˺ before people of what he has been given.
القرآن:٤:٣٦ –

وَاعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَلَا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا ۖ وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًا وَبِذِي الْقُرْبَىٰ وَالْيَتَامَىٰ وَالْمَسَاكِينِ وَالْجَارِ ذِي الْقُرْبَىٰ وَالْجَارِ الْجُنُبِ وَالصَّاحِبِ بِالْجَنْبِ وَابْنِ السَّبِيلِ وَمَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ ۗ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ مَنْ كَانَ مُخْتَالًا فَخُورًا  

{واعبدوا الله} وحِّدوه {ولا تُشركوا به شيئا و} أحسنوا {بالوالدين إحسانا} برّا ولين جانب {وبذي القربى} القرابة {واليتامى والمساكين والجار ذي القربى} القريب منك في الجوار أو النسب {والجار الجُنُب} البعيد عنك في الجوار أو النسب {والصاحب بالجنب} الرفيق في سفر أو صناعة وقيل الزوجة {وابن السبيل} المنقطع في سفره {وما ملكت أيمانكم} من الأرقاء {إن الله لا يحب من كان مختالا} متكبرا {فخورا} على الناس بما أوتي.
quran:17:23 –

And your Lord has decreed that you not worship except Him, and to parents, good treatment. Whether one or both of them reach old age ˹while˺ with you, say not to them ˹so much as˺, "uff," and do not repel them but speak to them a noble word.  

And your Lord has decreed, He has commanded, that you worship none save Him, and, that you show, kindness to parents, by being dutiful to them. If they should reach old age with you, one of them (ahaduhumā is the subject ˹of the verb˺) or both (a variant reading ˹for yablughanna˺ has yablughān, ‘both ˹should˺ reach’, in which case ahaduhumā would be substituting for the ˹dual indicator˺ alif ˹of yablughān˺) then do not say to them ‘Fie’ (read uffan or uffin, uffa or uffi, a verbal noun meaning tabban, ‘perish!’ or qubhan, ‘evil!’) nor repulse them, but speak to them gracious words, fair and gentle ˹words˺.
القرآن:١٧:٢٣ –

وَقَضَىٰ رَبُّكَ أَلَّا تَعْبُدُوا إِلَّا إِيَّاهُ وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًا ۚ إِمَّا يَبْلُغَنَّ عِنْدَكَ الْكِبَرَ أَحَدُهُمَا أَوْ كِلَاهُمَا فَلَا تَقُلْ لَهُمَا أُفٍّ وَلَا تَنْهَرْهُمَا وَقُلْ لَهُمَا قَوْلًا كَرِيمًا  

{وقضى} أمر {ربك أ} ن أي بأن {لا تعبدوا إلا إياه و} أن تحسنوا {بالوالدين إحسانا} بأن تبروهما {إما يبلغن عندك الكبر أحدهما} فاعل {أو كلاهما} وفي قراءة يَبْلُغان فأحدهما بدل من ألفه {فلا تقل لهما أف} بفتح الفاء وكسرها منونا وغير منون مصدر بمعنى تبا وقبحا {ولا تنهرهما} تزجرهما {وقل لهما قولاً كريما} جميلاً لينا.
quran:18:81 –

So we intended that their Lord should substitute for them one better than him in purity and nearer to mercy.  

So We desired that their Lord should give them in exchange (read yubaddilahumā or yubdilahumā) one better than him in purity, that is, in righteousness and God-fearing, and closer, than him, to mercy (read ruhman or ruhuman, in other words ˹it is to be understood as˺ rahmatan, ‘by way of mercy’) namely, ˹closer to˺ dutifulness towards his parents. Thus God, exalted be He, gave them in exchange a girl, who ˹afterwards˺ married a prophet and gave birth to a prophet through whom God guided an entire community.
القرآن:١٨:٨١ –

فَأَرَدْنَا أَنْ يُبْدِلَهُمَا رَبُّهُمَا خَيْرًا مِنْهُ زَكَاةً وَأَقْرَبَ رُحْمًا  

{فأردنا أن يبدِّلهما} بالتشديد والتخفيف {ربهما خيرا منه زكاة} أي صلاحا وتقى {وأقرب} منه {رحْما} بسكون الحاء وضمها رحمة وهي البرّ بوالديه فأبدلهما تعالى جارية تزوجت نبيا فولدت نبيا فهدى الله تعالى به أمة.
quran:18:80 –

And as for the boy, his parents were believers, and we feared that he would overburden them by transgression and disbelief.  

And as for the boy, his parents were believers and We feared lest he should overwhelm them with insolence and disbelief — for he is as ˹described˺ by the hadīth of Muslim, ‘He was ˹incorrigibly˺ disposed to disbelief, and had he lived ˹longer˺ this ˹disposition of his˺ would have oppressed them, because of their love for him, they would have followed him in such ˹a path of disbelief˺’.
القرآن:١٨:٨٠ –

وَأَمَّا الْغُلَامُ فَكَانَ أَبَوَاهُ مُؤْمِنَيْنِ فَخَشِينَا أَنْ يُرْهِقَهُمَا طُغْيَانًا وَكُفْرًا  

{وأما الغلام فكان أبواه مؤمنين فخشينا أن يرهقهما طغيانا وكفرا} فإنه كما في حديث مسلم طبع كافرا ولو عاش لأرهقهما ذلك لمحبتهما له يتبعانه في ذلك.
quran:17:24 –

And lower to them the wing of humility out of mercy and say, "My Lord, have mercy upon them as they brought me up ˹when I was˺ small."  

And lower to them the wing of humility, show them your submissive side, out of mercy, that is, on account of your affection for them, and say, ‘My Lord, have mercy on them, just as they, had mercy on me when ˹they˺, reared me when I was little’.
القرآن:١٧:٢٤ –

وَاخْفِضْ لَهُمَا جَنَاحَ الذُّلِّ مِنَ الرَّحْمَةِ وَقُلْ رَبِّ ارْحَمْهُمَا كَمَا رَبَّيَانِي صَغِيرًا  

{واخفض لهما جناح الذل} ألن لهما جانبك الذليل {من الرحمة} أي لرقتك عليهما {وقل رب ارحمهما كما} رحماني حين {ربياني صغيرا}.
quran:46:15 –

And We have enjoined upon man, to his parents, good treatment. His mother carried him with hardship and gave birth to him with hardship, and his gestation and weaning ˹period˺ is thirty months. ˹He grows˺ until, when he reaches maturity and reaches ˹the age of˺ forty years, he says, "My Lord, enable me to be grateful for Your favor which You have bestowed upon me and upon my parents and to work righteousness of which You will approve and make righteous for me my offspring. Indeed, I have repented to You, and indeed, I am of the Muslims."  

And We have enjoined man to be kind (husnan: a variant reading has ihsānan), that is to say, We have commanded him to act kindly towards both of them (thus ihsānan is in the accusative as a verbal noun, because of the implied verbal action; the same applies to husnan) to his parents. His mother carries him in travail, and gives birth to him in travail, that is to say, with suffering; and his gestation and his weaning, from suckling, take thirty months, six months being the minimum period for gestation, the remainder being the maximum period of suckling; it is also said that, regardless of whether she bore him for six or nine months, she should suckle him for the remainder. So that (hattā is a ˹particle of˺ purpose for an implied sentence, that is to say, wa-‘āsha hattā, ‘and he lived on so that …’) when he is mature, namely, at his prime in terms of his strength, intellect and reasoning, the minimum ˹age˺ for which is thirty or thirty three years, and reaches forty years, that is, exactly ˹forty years˺, which is the maximum for ˹attaining˺ maturity, he says, ‘My Lord!, ˹this˺ to the end ˹of this verse˺ was revealed regarding Abū Bakr al-Siddīq, when he had reached forty years of age, two years after the ˹beginning of the˺ Prophet’s Mission (s). He ˹Abū Bakr˺ believed in him, whereafter his parents believed ˹in the Prophet˺, followed by his son ‘Abd al-Rahmān, then ‘Abd al-Rahmān’s son Abū ‘Atīq ˹Muhammad b. ‘Abd al-Rahmān˺. Inspire me to give thanks for Your favour with which You have favoured me and my parents, namely, ˹the grace of˺ affirming ˹God’s˺ Oneness, and that I may act righteously in a way that will please You, thus he ˹Abū Bakr˺ emancipated nine believers who had been enduring torture ˹at the hands of the idolaters˺ for ˹their belief in˺ God, and invest my seed with righteousness, all of them were believers. Indeed I repent to You and I am truly of those who submit ˹to You˺’.
القرآن:٤٦:١٥ –

وَوَصَّيْنَا الْإِنْسَانَ بِوَالِدَيْهِ إِحْسَانًا ۖ حَمَلَتْهُ أُمُّهُ كُرْهًا وَوَضَعَتْهُ كُرْهًا ۖ وَحَمْلُهُ وَفِصَالُهُ ثَلَاثُونَ شَهْرًا ۚ حَتَّىٰ إِذَا بَلَغَ أَشُدَّهُ وَبَلَغَ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً قَالَ رَبِّ أَوْزِعْنِي أَنْ أَشْكُرَ نِعْمَتَكَ الَّتِي أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيَّ وَعَلَىٰ وَالِدَيَّ وَأَنْ أَعْمَلَ صَالِحًا تَرْضَاهُ وَأَصْلِحْ لِي فِي ذُرِّيَّتِي ۖ إِنِّي تُبْتُ إِلَيْكَ وَإِنِّي مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ  

{ووصَّينا الإنسان بوالديه حُسنا} وفي قراءة إحسانا، أي أمرناه أن يحسن إليهما فنصب إحسانا على المصدر بفعله المقدر ومثله حسنا {حملته أمه كرها ووضعته كرها} أي على مشقة {وحمله وفصاله} من الرضاع {ثلاثون شهرا} ستة أشهر أقل مدة الحمل والباقي أكثر مدة الرضاع، وقيل إن حملت به ستة أو تسعة أرضعته الباقي {حتى} غاية لجملة مقدرة، أي وعاش حتى {إذا بلغ أشده} هو كمال قوته وعقله ورأيه أقله ثلاث وثلاثون سنة أو ثلاثون {وبلغ أربعين سنة} أي تمامها وهو أكثر الأشد {قال رب} إلخ، نزل في أبي بكر الصديق لما بلغ أربعين سنة بعد سنتين من مبعث النبي ﷺ آمن به ثم آمن أبواه ثم ابنه عبد الرحمن وابن عبد الرحمن أبو عتيق {أوزعني} ألهمني {أن أشكر نعمتك التي أنعمت} بها {عليَّ وعلى والديَّ} وهي التوحيد {وأن أعمل صالحا ترضاه} فأعتق تسعة من المؤمنين يعذبون في الله {وأصلح لي في ذريتي} فكلهم مؤمنون {إني تبت إليك وإني من المسلمين}.