79. Sūrat al-Nāziʿāt

٧٩۔ سُورَةُ النـّازِعات

Qurʾān > Chapter 79
القرآن > كتاب ٧٩

Those who drag forth (Meccan)

quran:79:1 – In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

By those ˹angels˺ who extract with violence  

By those that wrest, ˹by˺ the angels who wrest the souls of disbelievers, violently;
القرآن:٧٩:١ – بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

وَالنَّازِعَاتِ غَرْقًا  

{والنازعات} الملائكة تنزع أرواح الكفار {غرقا} نزعا بشدة.
quran:79:2 –

And ˹by˺ those who remove with ease  

by those that draw out, ˹by˺ the angels who draw out the souls of believers, gently;
القرآن:٧٩:٢ –

وَالنَّاشِطَاتِ نَشْطًا  

{والناشطات نشطا} الملائكة تنشط أرواح المؤمنين، أي تسلها برفق.
quran:79:3 –

And ˹by˺ those who glide ˹as if˺ swimming  

by those that glide serenely, ˹by˺ the angels who descend from the heavens with His command, exalted be He;
القرآن:٧٩:٣ –

وَالسَّابِحَاتِ سَبْحًا  

{والسابحات سبحا} الملائكة تسبح من السماء بأمره تعالى، أي تنزل.
quran:79:4 –

And those who race each other in a race  

by those that race forward, ˹by˺ the angels who race forward to Paradise with the souls of believers;
القرآن:٧٩:٤ –

فَالسَّابِقَاتِ سَبْقًا  

{فالسابقات سبقا} الملائكة تسبق بأرواح المؤمنين إلى الجنة.
quran:79:5 –

And those who arrange ˹each˺ matter,  

and by those that direct the affair, ˹by˺ the angels who direct the affairs of this world, that is to say, they descend with the directions for it ˹from God˺ (the response to all of these oath clauses has been omitted, understood to be ˹something like˺, la-tub‘athunna yā kuffāra Makka, ‘you shall certainly be resurrected, O disbelievers of Mecca!’, which is also the operator of ˹the following clause˺):
القرآن:٧٩:٥ –

فَالْمُدَبِّرَاتِ أَمْرًا  

{فالمدبرات أمرا} الملائكة تدبر أمر الدنيا، أي تنزل بتدبيره، وجواب هذه الأقسام محذوف، أي لتبعثنَّ يا كفار مكة وهو عامل في.
quran:79:6 –

On the Day the blast ˹of the Horn˺ will convulse ˹creation˺,  

the day when the Tremor quakes, that is to say, the first blast, as a result of which everything will be shaken violently (thus it ˹the subject˺ has been described in terms of the effect it produces),
القرآن:٧٩:٦ –

يَوْمَ تَرْجُفُ الرَّاجِفَةُ  

{يوم ترجف الراجفة} النفخة الأولى بها يرجف كل شيء، أي يتزلزل فوصفت بما يحدث منها.
quran:79:7 –

There will follow it the subsequent ˹one˺.  

and is followed by the Aftershock, the second blast; between the two ˹blasts˺ is a span of forty years (the sentence ˹tatba‘uhā’l-rādifatu˺ is a circumstantial qualifier referring to al-rājifa, ‘the Tremor’, in other words, the ‘day’ can ˹adverbially˺ accommodate both blasts and other events, and so for this reason it can also properly function as the adverbial qualifier for the Resurrection that will take place after the second ˹blast˺);
القرآن:٧٩:٧ –

تَتْبَعُهَا الرَّادِفَةُ  

{تتبعها الرادفة} النفخة الثانية وبينهما أربعون سنة، والجملة حال من الراجفة، فاليوم واسع للنفختين وغيرهما فصح ظرفيته للبعث الواقع عقب الثانية.
quran:79:8 –

Hearts, that Day, will tremble,  

on that day hearts will be trembling, frightened and anxious,
القرآن:٧٩:٨ –

قُلُوبٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ وَاجِفَةٌ  

{قلوب يومئذٍ واجفة} خائفة قلقة.
quran:79:9 –

Their eyes humbled.  

their eyes humbled, abject, because of the terror that they see.
القرآن:٧٩:٩ –

أَبْصَارُهَا خَاشِعَةٌ  

{أبصارها خاشعة} ذليلة لهول ما ترى.
quran:79:10 –

They are ˹presently˺ saying, "Will we indeed be returned to ˹our˺ former state ˹of life˺?  

They, those of the ˹mentioned˺ hearts and eyes, will say, mockingly and in rejection of the Resurrection: ‘Are we indeed (read a-innā pronouncing both hamzas, or by not pronouncing the second, and inserting an alif between them in both cases, and in both instances) being restored as before? Shall we be restored to life after death (al-hāfira is a noun signifying the ‘first part’ of anything, from which is derived the expression raja‘a fī hāfiratihi to mean that so and so ‘returned whence he had come’).
القرآن:٧٩:١٠ –

يَقُولُونَ أَإِنَّا لَمَرْدُودُونَ فِي الْحَافِرَةِ  

{يقولون} أي أرباب القلوب والأبصار استهزاء وإنكارا للبعث {أئنا} بتحقيق الهمزتين وتسهيل الثانية وإدخال الف بينهما على الوجهين في الموضعين {لمردودون في الحافرة} أي أنرد بعد الموت إلى الحياة، والحافرة: اسم لأول الأمر، ومنه رجع فلان في حافرته: إذا رجع من حيث جاء.
quran:79:11 –

Even if we should be decayed bones?  

What! When we have been decayed bones?’ (nakhira: a variant reading has nākhira, ‘decayed and withered’), will we have life again?
القرآن:٧٩:١١ –

أَإِذَا كُنَّا عِظَامًا نَخِرَةً  

{أئذا كنا عظاما نخرة} وفي قراءة ناخرة بالية متفتتة نحيا.
quran:79:12 –

They say, "That, then, would be a losing return."  

They will say, ‘That, return of ours to life, then, if it were true, would be a ruinous return!’.
القرآن:٧٩:١٢ –

قَالُوا تِلْكَ إِذًا كَرَّةٌ خَاسِرَةٌ  

{قالوا تلك} أي رجعتنا إلى الحياة {إذا} إن صحت {كرة} رجعة {خاسرة} ذات خسران قال تعالى:
quran:79:13 –

Indeed, it will be but one shout,  

God, exalted be He, says: But it, the Aftershock, which will be followed by the Resurrection, will be only a single blast, and so when it is blasted:
القرآن:٧٩:١٣ –

فَإِنَّمَا هِيَ زَجْرَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ  

{فإنما هي} أي الرادفة التي يعقبها البعث {زجرة} نفخة {واحدة} فإذا نفخت.
quran:79:14 –

And suddenly they will be ˹alert˺ upon the earth's surface.  

behold, then, they, all creatures, will be upon the surface of the earth, alive, after having been dead inside it.
القرآن:٧٩:١٤ –

فَإِذَا هُمْ بِالسَّاهِرَةِ  

{فإذا هم} أي كل الخلائق {بالساهرة} بوجه الأرض أحياءً بعدما كانوا ببطنها أمواتا.
quran:79:15 –

Has there reached you the story of Moses? -  

Have you, O Muhammad (s), received the story of Moses (hadīthu Mūsā operates ˹the clause that follows˺),
القرآن:٧٩:١٥ –

هَلْ أَتَاكَ حَدِيثُ مُوسَىٰ  

{هل أتاك} يا محمد {حديث موسى} عامل في.
quran:79:16 –

When his Lord called to him in the sacred valley of Tuwa,  

when his Lord called out to him in the holy valley of Tuwā? — this is the name of the valley (it may be read with nunation, Tuwan, or without) — and He said:
القرآن:٧٩:١٦ –

إِذْ نَادَاهُ رَبُّهُ بِالْوَادِ الْمُقَدَّسِ طُوًى  

{إذ ناداه ربه بالوادِ المقدس طوىً} اسم الوادي بالتنوين وتركه، فقال:
quran:79:17 –

"Go to Pharaoh. Indeed, he has transgressed.  

‘Go to Pharaoh; he has indeed become rebellious, he has exceeded ˹all˺ bounds with his disbelief,
القرآن:٧٩:١٧ –

اذْهَبْ إِلَىٰ فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّهُ طَغَىٰ  

{اذهب إلى فرعون إنه طغى} تجاوز الحد في الكفر.
quran:79:18 –

And say to him, 'Would you ˹be willing to˺ purify yourself  

and say, “Would you — I call you ˹to˺ — purify yourself (tazakkā: a variant reading has tazzakkā, where the original second tā’ ˹of tatazakkā˺ has been assimilated with the zāy), to purge yourself of idolatry, by bearing witness that there is no god but God,
القرآن:٧٩:١٨ –

فَقُلْ هَلْ لَكَ إِلَىٰ أَنْ تَزَكَّىٰ  

{فقل هل لك} أدعوك {إلى أن تزكى} وفي قراءة بتشديد الزاي بإدغام التاء الثانية في الأصل فيها: تتطهر من الشرك بأن تشهد أن لا إله إلا الله.
quran:79:19 –

And let me guide you to your Lord so you would fear ˹Him˺?'"  

and allow me to guide you to your Lord, to show you how to know Him (ma‘rifa) by way of proofs, so that you may have fear ˹of Him˺?” ’
القرآن:٧٩:١٩ –

وَأَهْدِيَكَ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ فَتَخْشَىٰ  

{وأهديك إلى ربك} أدلك على معرفته ببرهان {فتخشى} فتخافه.
quran:79:20 –

And he showed him the greatest sign,  

So he showed him the greatest sign, from among His nine signs, namely, the ˹glowing˺ hand or the ˹slithering˺ staff.
القرآن:٧٩:٢٠ –

فَأَرَاهُ الْآيَةَ الْكُبْرَىٰ  

{فأراه الآية الكبرى} من آياته السبع وهي اليد أو العصا.
quran:79:21 –

But Pharaoh denied and disobeyed.  

But he, Pharaoh, denied, Moses, and disobeyed, God, exalted be He.
القرآن:٧٩:٢١ –

فَكَذَّبَ وَعَصَىٰ  

{فكذب} فرعون موسى {وعصى} الله تعالى.
quran:79:22 –

Then he turned his back, striving.  

Then he turned his back, to faith, going about in haste, throughout the land causing corruption.
القرآن:٧٩:٢٢ –

ثُمَّ أَدْبَرَ يَسْعَىٰ  

{ثم أدبر} عن الإيمان {يسعى} في الأرض بالفساد.
quran:79:23 –

And he gathered ˹his people˺ and called out  

Then he gathered, he assembled the sorcerers and his armies, and proclaimed,
القرآن:٧٩:٢٣ –

فَحَشَرَ فَنَادَىٰ  

{فحشر} جمع السحرة وجنده {فنادى}.
quran:79:24 –

And said, "I am your most exalted lord."  

and said, ‘I am your most high lord!’, above whom is no other lord.
القرآن:٧٩:٢٤ –

فَقَالَ أَنَا رَبُّكُمُ الْأَعْلَىٰ  

{فقال أنا ربكم الأعلى} لا رب فوقي.
quran:79:25 –

So Allah seized him in exemplary punishment for the last and the first ˹transgression˺.  

So God seized him, He destroyed him by drowning him, as punishment for the latter, that is to say, these ˹last˺ words ˹of his˺, and for the former, that is to say, his saying previously, ‘I do not know of any god for you other than me’ ˹Q. 28:38˺ — and between the two ˹claims made by Pharaoh˺ was an interval of forty years.
القرآن:٧٩:٢٥ –

فَأَخَذَهُ اللَّهُ نَكَالَ الْآخِرَةِ وَالْأُولَىٰ  

(فأخذه الله) أهلكه بالغرق (نكال) عقوبة (الآخرة) أي هذه الكلمة (والأولى) أي قوله قبلها: "" ما علمت لكم من إله غيري "" وكان بينهما أربعون سنة.
quran:79:26 –

Indeed in that is a warning for whoever would fear ˹Allah˺.  

Assuredly in that, which is mentioned, there is a moral for him who fears, God, exalted be He.
القرآن:٧٩:٢٦ –

إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَعِبْرَةً لِمَنْ يَخْشَىٰ  

{إن في ذلك} المذكور {لعبرة لمن يخشى} الله تعالى.
quran:79:27 –

Are you a more difficult creation or is the heaven? Allah constructed it.  

Are you (read a-antum pronouncing both hamzas, or by substituting an alif for the second one, not pronouncing it and inserting an alif between the one not pronounced and the former, or without ˹this insertion˺), namely, ˹you˺ the deniers of the Resurrection, harder to create or the heaven which He has built?, harder to create (banāhā: an explication of the manner of ˹its˺ creation).
القرآن:٧٩:٢٧ –

أَأَنْتُمْ أَشَدُّ خَلْقًا أَمِ السَّمَاءُ ۚ بَنَاهَا  

{أأنتم} بتحقيق الهمزتين وإبدال الثانية ألفاً وتسهيلها وإدخال ألف بين المسهلة والأخرى وتركه، أي منكرو البعث {أشد خلقا أم السماء} أشد خلقا {بناها} بيان لكيفية خلقها.
quran:79:28 –

He raised its ceiling and proportioned it.  

He made it rise high — an explication of the manner of ˹its˺ construction; in other words, He made its vertical extension high; it is also said that samkahā means ‘its ceiling’ — and levelled it: He made it even, flawless,
القرآن:٧٩:٢٨ –

رَفَعَ سَمْكَهَا فَسَوَّاهَا  

{رفع سمكها} تفسير لكيفية البناء، أي جعل سمتها في جهة العلو رفيعا، وقيل سمكها سقفها {فسواها} جعلها مستوية بلا عيب.
quran:79:29 –

And He darkened its night and extracted its brightness.  

and darkened its night, and brought forth its day: He exposed the light of its sun (‘night’ has been annexed to it ˹the heaven˺ because it represents its shade, and likewise the ‘sun’, because it represents its light);
القرآن:٧٩:٢٩ –

وَأَغْطَشَ لَيْلَهَا وَأَخْرَجَ ضُحَاهَا  

{وأغطش ليلها} أظلمه {وأخرج ضحاها} أبرز نور شمسها وأضيف إليها الليل لأنه ظلها والشمس لأنها سراجها.
quran:79:30 –

And after that He spread the earth.  

and after that He spread out the earth: He made it flat, for it had been created before the heaven, but without having been spread out;
القرآن:٧٩:٣٠ –

وَالْأَرْضَ بَعْدَ ذَٰلِكَ دَحَاهَا  

{والأرض بعد ذلك دحاها} بسطها وكانت مخلوقة قبل السماء من غير دحو.
quran:79:31 –

He extracted from it its water and its pasture,  

from it He has brought forth (akhraja: a circumstantial qualifier with a suppressed ˹preceding˺ qad, that is to say, mukhrijan, ‘bringing forth ˹from it˺’) its waters, by making its springs gush forth, and its pastures, what cattle graze, of trees and herbage, and what humans consume of foods and fruits (the use of mar‘ā to express this ˹of the earth˺ is figurative),
القرآن:٧٩:٣١ –

أَخْرَجَ مِنْهَا مَاءَهَا وَمَرْعَاهَا  

{أخرج} حال بإضمار قد أي مخرجا {منها ماءها} بتفجير عيونها {ومرعاها} ما ترعاه النعم من الشجر والعشب وما يأكله الناس من الأقوات والثمار، وإطلاق المرعى عليه استعارة.
quran:79:32 –

And the mountains He set firmly  

and has set firm the mountains, on the face of the earth so that it stays still,
القرآن:٧٩:٣٢ –

وَالْجِبَالَ أَرْسَاهَا  

{والجبال أرساها} أثبتها على وجه الأرض لتسكن.
quran:79:33 –

As provision for you and your grazing livestock.  

as a ˹source of˺ sustenance (an object denoting reason for an implied ˹verbal clause˺, in other words, fa‘ala dhālika mut‘atan or tamtī‘an, ‘He did this to provide ˹a source of˺ sustenance’) for you and your flocks (an‘ām is the plural of na‘am, which are camels, cows and sheep).
القرآن:٧٩:٣٣ –

مَتَاعًا لَكُمْ وَلِأَنْعَامِكُمْ  

{متاعا} مفعول له لمقدر، أي فعل ذلك متعة أو مصدر أي تمتيعا {لكم ولأنعامكم} جمع نعم وهي الإبل والبقر والغنم.
quran:79:34 –

But when there comes the greatest Overwhelming Calamity -  

So when the Greatest Catastrophe befalls — the second blast —
القرآن:٧٩:٣٤ –

فَإِذَا جَاءَتِ الطَّامَّةُ الْكُبْرَىٰ  

{فإذا جاءت الطامة الكبرى} النفخة الثانية.
quran:79:35 –

The Day when man will remember that for which he strove,  

the day when man will remember (yawma yatadhakkaru’l-insānu substitutes for idhā, ‘when’) his efforts, in the ˹life of the˺ world, in the way of good or evil,
القرآن:٧٩:٣٥ –

يَوْمَ يَتَذَكَّرُ الْإِنْسَانُ مَا سَعَىٰ  

{يوم يتذكر الإنسان} بدل من إذا {ما سعى} في الدنيا من خير وشر.
quran:79:36 –

And Hellfire will be exposed for ˹all˺ those who see -  

and the Hell-fire, the consuming Fire, is revealed for all to see, for every on-looker (the response to idhā, ‘when’, is ˹what follows˺):
القرآن:٧٩:٣٦ –

وَبُرِّزَتِ الْجَحِيمُ لِمَنْ يَرَىٰ  

{وبرزت} أظهرت {الجحيم} النار المحرقة {لمن يرى} لكل راءٍ وجواب إذا:
quran:79:37 –

So as for he who transgressed  

as for him who was rebellious, ˹who˺ disbelieved,
القرآن:٧٩:٣٧ –

فَأَمَّا مَنْ طَغَىٰ  

{فأما من طغى} كفر.
quran:79:38 –

And preferred the life of the world,  

and preferred the life of this world, by pursuing ˹carnal˺ desires,
القرآن:٧٩:٣٨ –

وَآثَرَ الْحَيَاةَ الدُّنْيَا  

{وآثر الحياة الدنيا} باتباع الشهوات.
quran:79:39 –

Then indeed, Hellfire will be ˹his˺ refuge.  

Hell-fire will indeed be the abode, his abode.
القرآن:٧٩:٣٩ –

فَإِنَّ الْجَحِيمَ هِيَ الْمَأْوَىٰ  

{فإن الجحيم هي المأوى} مأواه.
quran:79:40 –

But as for he who feared the position of his Lord and prevented the soul from ˹unlawful˺ inclination,  

But as for him who feared the stance before his Lord, his standing before Him, and forbade the, evil-bidding, soul from ˹pursuing˺ desire, that leads to perdition as a result of ˹that person’s˺ lusting after ˹carnal˺ desires,
القرآن:٧٩:٤٠ –

وَأَمَّا مَنْ خَافَ مَقَامَ رَبِّهِ وَنَهَى النَّفْسَ عَنِ الْهَوَىٰ  

{وأما من خاف مقام ربه} قيامه بين يديه {ونهى النفس} الأمارة {عن الهوى} المردي باتباع الشهوات.
quran:79:41 –

Then indeed, Paradise will be ˹his˺ refuge.  

Paradise will indeed be the abode: in sum the response ˹to idhā, ‘when’, verse 34˺ is that the disobedient one will be in the Fire and the obedient one in Paradise.
القرآن:٧٩:٤١ –

فَإِنَّ الْجَنَّةَ هِيَ الْمَأْوَىٰ  

{فإن الجنة هي المأوى} وحاصل الجواب: فالعاصي في النار والمطيع في الجنة.
quran:79:42 –

They ask you, ˹O Muhammad˺, about the Hour: when is its arrival?  

They, that is, the disbelievers of Mecca, will ask you about the Hour: when will it set in?, when will it come to pass and when will it begin?
القرآن:٧٩:٤٢ –

يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ السَّاعَةِ أَيَّانَ مُرْسَاهَا  

{يسَألونك} أي كفار مكة {عن الساعة أيان مرساها} متى وقوعها وقيامها.
quran:79:43 –

In what ˹position˺ are you that you should mention it?  

What have you to do with the mention of it?, in other words, you have no knowledge of it in order to mention it.
القرآن:٧٩:٤٣ –

فِيمَ أَنْتَ مِنْ ذِكْرَاهَا  

{فيم} في أي شيء {أنت من ذكراها} أي ليس عندك علمها حتى تذكرها.
quran:79:44 –

To your Lord is its finality.  

With your Lord it belongs ultimately, ultimate knowledge of it ˹lies with Him˺; none other than Him has any knowledge of it.
القرآن:٧٩:٤٤ –

إِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ مُنْتَهَاهَا  

{إلى ربك منتهاها} منتهى علمها لا يعلمه غيره.
quran:79:45 –

You are only a warner for those who fear it.  

You are only a warner for, your warning will only benefit, the one who fears it.
القرآن:٧٩:٤٥ –

إِنَّمَا أَنْتَ مُنْذِرُ مَنْ يَخْشَاهَا  

{إنما أنت منذر} إنما ينفع إنذارك {من يخشاها} يخافها.
quran:79:46 –

It will be, on the Day they see it, as though they had not remained ˹in the world˺ except for an afternoon or a morning thereof.  

The day they see it, it will be as if they had only tarried, in their graves, for an evening or the morning thereof, that is to say, ˹as if only˺ one evening of a day or its morning (the annexation of duhā, ‘morning’, to ‘ashiyya, ‘evening’, is valid, on the basis of their contiguity, since both constitute either side of the day; the annexation has also allowed for the word to fall in harmony with the end-rhyme of the verses). Meccan, consisting of 42 verses.
القرآن:٧٩:٤٦ –

كَأَنَّهُمْ يَوْمَ يَرَوْنَهَا لَمْ يَلْبَثُوا إِلَّا عَشِيَّةً أَوْ ضُحَاهَا  

{كأنهم يوم يرونها لم يلبثوا} في قبورهم {إلا عشية أو ضحاها} عشية يوم أو بكرته وصح إضافة الضحى إلى العشية لما بينهما من الملابسة إذ هما طرفا النهار، وحسن الإضافة وقوع الكلمة فاصلة.