79. Sūrat al-Nāziʿāt

٧٩۔ سُورَةُ النـّازِعات

79.1 Death, Day of Resurrection and Life after death.

٧٩۔١ مقطع في سُورَةُ النـّازِعات

quran:79:1In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

By those ˹angels˺ who extract with violence  

By those that wrest, ˹by˺ the angels who wrest the souls of disbelievers, violently;
القرآن:٧٩:١بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

وَالنَّازِعَاتِ غَرْقًا  

{والنازعات} الملائكة تنزع أرواح الكفار {غرقا} نزعا بشدة.
quran:79:2

And ˹by˺ those who remove with ease  

by those that draw out, ˹by˺ the angels who draw out the souls of believers, gently;
القرآن:٧٩:٢

وَالنَّاشِطَاتِ نَشْطًا  

{والناشطات نشطا} الملائكة تنشط أرواح المؤمنين، أي تسلها برفق.
quran:79:3

And ˹by˺ those who glide ˹as if˺ swimming  

by those that glide serenely, ˹by˺ the angels who descend from the heavens with His command, exalted be He;
القرآن:٧٩:٣

وَالسَّابِحَاتِ سَبْحًا  

{والسابحات سبحا} الملائكة تسبح من السماء بأمره تعالى، أي تنزل.
quran:79:4

And those who race each other in a race  

by those that race forward, ˹by˺ the angels who race forward to Paradise with the souls of believers;
القرآن:٧٩:٤

فَالسَّابِقَاتِ سَبْقًا  

{فالسابقات سبقا} الملائكة تسبق بأرواح المؤمنين إلى الجنة.
quran:79:5

And those who arrange ˹each˺ matter,  

and by those that direct the affair, ˹by˺ the angels who direct the affairs of this world, that is to say, they descend with the directions for it ˹from God˺ (the response to all of these oath clauses has been omitted, understood to be ˹something like˺, la-tub‘athunna yā kuffāra Makka, ‘you shall certainly be resurrected, O disbelievers of Mecca!’, which is also the operator of ˹the following clause˺):
القرآن:٧٩:٥

فَالْمُدَبِّرَاتِ أَمْرًا  

{فالمدبرات أمرا} الملائكة تدبر أمر الدنيا، أي تنزل بتدبيره، وجواب هذه الأقسام محذوف، أي لتبعثنَّ يا كفار مكة وهو عامل في.
quran:79:6

On the Day the blast ˹of the Horn˺ will convulse ˹creation˺,  

the day when the Tremor quakes, that is to say, the first blast, as a result of which everything will be shaken violently (thus it ˹the subject˺ has been described in terms of the effect it produces),
القرآن:٧٩:٦

يَوْمَ تَرْجُفُ الرَّاجِفَةُ  

{يوم ترجف الراجفة} النفخة الأولى بها يرجف كل شيء، أي يتزلزل فوصفت بما يحدث منها.
quran:79:7

There will follow it the subsequent ˹one˺.  

and is followed by the Aftershock, the second blast; between the two ˹blasts˺ is a span of forty years (the sentence ˹tatba‘uhā’l-rādifatu˺ is a circumstantial qualifier referring to al-rājifa, ‘the Tremor’, in other words, the ‘day’ can ˹adverbially˺ accommodate both blasts and other events, and so for this reason it can also properly function as the adverbial qualifier for the Resurrection that will take place after the second ˹blast˺);
القرآن:٧٩:٧

تَتْبَعُهَا الرَّادِفَةُ  

{تتبعها الرادفة} النفخة الثانية وبينهما أربعون سنة، والجملة حال من الراجفة، فاليوم واسع للنفختين وغيرهما فصح ظرفيته للبعث الواقع عقب الثانية.
quran:79:8

Hearts, that Day, will tremble,  

on that day hearts will be trembling, frightened and anxious,
القرآن:٧٩:٨

قُلُوبٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ وَاجِفَةٌ  

{قلوب يومئذٍ واجفة} خائفة قلقة.
quran:79:9

Their eyes humbled.  

their eyes humbled, abject, because of the terror that they see.
القرآن:٧٩:٩

أَبْصَارُهَا خَاشِعَةٌ  

{أبصارها خاشعة} ذليلة لهول ما ترى.
quran:79:10

They are ˹presently˺ saying, "Will we indeed be returned to ˹our˺ former state ˹of life˺?  

They, those of the ˹mentioned˺ hearts and eyes, will say, mockingly and in rejection of the Resurrection: ‘Are we indeed (read a-innā pronouncing both hamzas, or by not pronouncing the second, and inserting an alif between them in both cases, and in both instances) being restored as before? Shall we be restored to life after death (al-hāfira is a noun signifying the ‘first part’ of anything, from which is derived the expression raja‘a fī hāfiratihi to mean that so and so ‘returned whence he had come’).
القرآن:٧٩:١٠

يَقُولُونَ أَإِنَّا لَمَرْدُودُونَ فِي الْحَافِرَةِ  

{يقولون} أي أرباب القلوب والأبصار استهزاء وإنكارا للبعث {أئنا} بتحقيق الهمزتين وتسهيل الثانية وإدخال الف بينهما على الوجهين في الموضعين {لمردودون في الحافرة} أي أنرد بعد الموت إلى الحياة، والحافرة: اسم لأول الأمر، ومنه رجع فلان في حافرته: إذا رجع من حيث جاء.
quran:79:11

Even if we should be decayed bones?  

What! When we have been decayed bones?’ (nakhira: a variant reading has nākhira, ‘decayed and withered’), will we have life again?
القرآن:٧٩:١١

أَإِذَا كُنَّا عِظَامًا نَخِرَةً  

{أئذا كنا عظاما نخرة} وفي قراءة ناخرة بالية متفتتة نحيا.
quran:79:12

They say, "That, then, would be a losing return."  

They will say, ‘That, return of ours to life, then, if it were true, would be a ruinous return!’.
القرآن:٧٩:١٢

قَالُوا تِلْكَ إِذًا كَرَّةٌ خَاسِرَةٌ  

{قالوا تلك} أي رجعتنا إلى الحياة {إذا} إن صحت {كرة} رجعة {خاسرة} ذات خسران قال تعالى:
quran:79:13

Indeed, it will be but one shout,  

God, exalted be He, says: But it, the Aftershock, which will be followed by the Resurrection, will be only a single blast, and so when it is blasted:
القرآن:٧٩:١٣

فَإِنَّمَا هِيَ زَجْرَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ  

{فإنما هي} أي الرادفة التي يعقبها البعث {زجرة} نفخة {واحدة} فإذا نفخت.
quran:79:14

And suddenly they will be ˹alert˺ upon the earth's surface.  

behold, then, they, all creatures, will be upon the surface of the earth, alive, after having been dead inside it.
القرآن:٧٩:١٤

فَإِذَا هُمْ بِالسَّاهِرَةِ  

{فإذا هم} أي كل الخلائق {بالساهرة} بوجه الأرض أحياءً بعدما كانوا ببطنها أمواتا.