78. Sūrat al-Nabaʾ

٧٨۔ سُورَةُ النـَّبأ

Qurʾān > Chapter 78 > Section 2
القرآن > كتاب ٧٨ > باب ٢

78.2 The righteous will be well pleased and disbelievers will wish that they could remain merely dust.

٧٨۔٢ مقطع في سُورَةُ النـَّبأ

quran:78:31 –

Indeed, for the righteous is attainment -  

Truly for the God-fearing there will be a triumph, a place of triumph, in Paradise:
القرآن:٧٨:٣١ –

إِنَّ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ مَفَازًا  

{إن للمتقين مفازا} مكان فوز في الجنة.
quran:78:32 –

Gardens and grapevines  

gardens, orchards (hadā’iqa is either a substitution for, or an explication of, mafāzan, ‘a triumph’) and vineyards (wa-a‘nāban is a supplement to mafāzan, ‘a triumph’),
القرآن:٧٨:٣٢ –

حَدَائِقَ وَأَعْنَابًا  

{حدائق} بساتين بدل من مفازا أو بيان له {وأعنابا} عطف على مفازا.
quran:78:33 –

And full-breasted ˹companions˺ of equal age  

and buxom maidens (kawā‘ib is the plural of kā‘ib) of equal age (atrāb is the plural of tirb),
القرآن:٧٨:٣٣ –

وَكَوَاعِبَ أَتْرَابًا  

{وكواعب} جواري تكعبت ثديهن جمع كاعب {أترابا} على سن واحد، جمع تِرب بكسر التاء وسكون الراء.
quran:78:34 –

And a full cup.  

and a brimming cup, wine filling the vessels in which it is in; in sūrat al-Qitāl ˹it is said˺, and rivers of wine ˹Q. 47:15˺.
القرآن:٧٨:٣٤ –

وَكَأْسًا دِهَاقًا  

(وكأسا دهاقا) خمرا مالئة محالها، وفي سورة القتال: "" وأنهار من خمر "".
quran:78:35 –

No ill speech will they hear therein or any falsehood -  

They will not hear in it, that is, ˹in˺ Paradise, when they drink wine and in other situations, any vain talk, any words of falsehood, or lies, between one another (read kidhāban, to mean kadhiban, ‘lies’, or kidhdhāban to mean takdhīban, ‘lying’), in contrast to what happens in this world when wine is drunk,
القرآن:٧٨:٣٥ –

لَا يَسْمَعُونَ فِيهَا لَغْوًا وَلَا كِذَّابًا  

{لا يسمعون فيها} أي الجنة عند شرب الخمر وغيرها من الأحوال {لغوا} باطلا من القول {ولا كذَابا} بالتخفيف، أي: كذبا، وبالتشديد أي تكذيبا من واحد لغيره بخلاف ما يقع في الدنيا عند شرب الخمر.
quran:78:36 –

˹As˺ reward from your Lord, ˹a generous˺ gift ˹made due by˺ account,  

˹this will be˺ a reward from your Lord, in other words, God has rewarded them with this reward as, a gift (‘atā’an substitutes for jazā’an, ‘reward’) that is sufficing, ˹that is˺ abundant (hisāban, ˹as meaning ‘abundant’˺ derives from their saying a‘tānī fa-ahsabanī, ‘he gave me so abundantly that I said, “that is enough for me”’ ˹hasbī˺),
القرآن:٧٨:٣٦ –

جَزَاءً مِنْ رَبِّكَ عَطَاءً حِسَابًا  

{جزاءً من ربك} أي جزاهم الله بذلك جزاء {عطاءً} بدل من جزاء {حسابا} أي كثيرا، من قولهم: أعطاني فأحسبني، أي أكثر علي حتى قلت حسبي.
quran:78:37 –

˹From˺ the Lord of the heavens and the earth and whatever is between them, the Most Merciful. They possess not from Him ˹authority for˺ speech.  

˹from˺ the Lord of the heavens and the earth (read rabbi, ‘˹from˺ the Lord of’, or rabbu, ‘˹He is˺ the Lord of’) and all that is between them, the Compassionate One (likewise ˹read rahmāni or rahmānu˺, or read rahmānu with rabbi ˹for the preceding˺), Whom, exalted be He, they, that is, creatures, will not be able to address, that is to say, not one of them will be able to address Him for fear of Him,
القرآن:٧٨:٣٧ –

رَبِّ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا الرَّحْمَٰنِ ۖ لَا يَمْلِكُونَ مِنْهُ خِطَابًا  

{ربِّ السماوات والأرض} بالجر والرفع {وما بينهما الرحمنِ} كذلك وبرفعه مع جر رب {لا يملكون} أي الخلق {منه} تعالى {خطابا} أي لا يقدر أحد أن يخاطبه خوفا منه.
quran:78:38 –

The Day that the Spirit and the angels will stand in rows, they will not speak except for one whom the Most Merciful permits, and he will say what is correct.  

on the day (yawma is the adverbial qualifier for lā yamlikūna, ‘they will not be able to’) when the Spirit, Gabriel, or God’s hosts, and the angels stand arrayed (saffan is a circumstantial qualifier, in other words, mustaffīna). They, creatures, will not speak, except him whom the Compassionate One permits, to speak, and who says what is right, from among the believers and the angels: as if ˹meaning˺ that they will intercede for he whom He approves of.
القرآن:٧٨:٣٨ –

يَوْمَ يَقُومُ الرُّوحُ وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ صَفًّا ۖ لَا يَتَكَلَّمُونَ إِلَّا مَنْ أَذِنَ لَهُ الرَّحْمَٰنُ وَقَالَ صَوَابًا  

{يوم} ظرف لـ لا يملكون {يقوم الروح} جبريل أو جند الله {والملائكة صفا} حال، أي مصطفين {لا يتكلمون} أي الخلق {إلا من أذن له الرحمن} في الكلام {وقال} قولا {صوابا} من المؤمنين والملائكة كأن يشفعوا لمن ارتضى.
quran:78:39 –

That is the True Day; so he who wills may take to his Lord a ˹way of˺ return.  

That is the True Day, whose coming to pass is definite, namely, the Day of Resurrection. So whoever wishes ˹to˺, let him seek resort with his Lord, a return ˹to Him˺, that is to say, ˹let him˺ return to God by being obedient to Him, so that he may be secure from chastisement in it.
القرآن:٧٨:٣٩ –

ذَٰلِكَ الْيَوْمُ الْحَقُّ ۖ فَمَنْ شَاءَ اتَّخَذَ إِلَىٰ رَبِّهِ مَآبًا  

{ذلك اليوم الحق} الثابت وقوعه وهو يوم القيامة {فمن شاء اتخذ إلى ربه مآبا} مرجعا، أي رجع إلى الله بطاعته ليسلم من العذاب فيه.
quran:78:40 –

Indeed, We have warned you of a near punishment on the Day when a man will observe what his hands have put forth and the disbeliever will say, "Oh, I wish that I were dust!"  

Lo! We have warned you, O disbelievers of Mecca, of a chastisement that is near, the chastisement of the impending Day of Resurrection — for anything that is impending is ˹also˺ near — the day (yawma adverbially qualifies ‘adhāban, ‘a chastisement’, by describing it) when a person, ˹when˺ every person, will behold what his hands have sent ahead, of good and evil, and the disbeliever will say, ‘O (yā is a particle used to call attention to something) would that I were dust!’, in other words, and not be chastised. He says this when God, exalted be He, says to the beasts, after each of them has retaliated against the other, ‘Be dust!’. Meccan, consisting of 46 verses.
القرآن:٧٨:٤٠ –

إِنَّا أَنْذَرْنَاكُمْ عَذَابًا قَرِيبًا يَوْمَ يَنْظُرُ الْمَرْءُ مَا قَدَّمَتْ يَدَاهُ وَيَقُولُ الْكَافِرُ يَا لَيْتَنِي كُنْتُ تُرَابًا  

{إنا أنذرناكم} يا كفار مكة {عذابا قريبا} عذاب يوم القيامة الآتي، وكل آت قريب {يوم} ظرف لعذابا بصفته {ينظر المرء} كل امرئ {ما قدمت يداه} من خير وشر {ويقول الكافر يا} حرف تنبيه {ليتني كنت ترابا} يعني فلا أعذب يقول ذلك عندما يقول الله تعالى للبهائم بعد الاقتصاص من بعضها لبعض: كوني ترابا.