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ذِكْرُ مَا يُسْتَحَبُّ لِلْإِمَامِ اسْتِعْمَالُ الْمُفَادَاةِ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَبَيْنَ الْأَعْدَاءِ إِذَا رَأَى ذَلِكَ لَهُمْ صَلَاحًا

ibnhibban:4859al-Ḥasan b. Sufyān > Hannād b. al-Sarī > ʿAbdullāh b. al-Mubārak > Maʿmar > Ayyūb > Abū Qilābah > Abū al-Muhallab > ʿImrān b. Ḥuṣayn

[Machine] Two men from the companions of the Prophet ﷺ were captured by the people of Thaqeef, and the companions of the Prophet ﷺ had captured a man from the Banu Amer bin Sa'sa'ah tribe. He passed by the Prophet ﷺ while he was bound, so he called out to him, "O Muhammad, O Muhammad." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ approached him and asked, "Why are you being held captive?" He replied, "By the rights of your allies." The Prophet ﷺ then continued on his way. He called out to him again, and the Prophet ﷺ came to him. The captive said to him, "I am a Muslim." The Prophet ﷺ responded, "If you had said that while you were in control of your affairs, you would have succeeded greatly." The Prophet ﷺ then continued on his way. He called out to him once more, and the Prophet ﷺ came to him. The captive said to him, "I am hungry. Please feed me." The Prophet ﷺ said to him, "This is your need." Then, the Prophet ﷺ ransomed him by giving the two men who were captured by the people of Thaqeef.  

ابن حبّان:٤٨٥٩أَخْبَرَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادُ بْنُ السَّرِيِّ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ عَنْ أَبِي الْمُهَلَّبِ عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ قَالَ

أَسَرَتْ ثَقِيفٌ رَجُلَيْنِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَأَسَرَ أَصْحَابُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي عَامِرِ بْنِ صَعْصَعَةَ فَمَرَّ بِهِ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَهُوَ مُوثَقٌ فَنَادَاهُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَأَقْبَلَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ «عَلَامَ أُحْبَسُ؟ » فَقَالَ بِجَرِيرَةِ حُلَفَائِكَ ثُمَّ مَضَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَنَادَاهُ فَأَقْبَلَ إِلَيْهِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْأَسِيرُ إِنِّي مُسْلِمٌ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «لَوْ قُلْتَهَا وَأَنْتَ تَمْلِكُ أَمْرَكَ أَفْلَحْتَ كُلَّ الْفَلَاحِ» ثُمَّ مَضَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَنَادَاهُ أَيْضًا فَأَقْبَلَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ إِنِّي جَائِعٌ فَأَطْعِمْنِي فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ هَذِهِ حَاجَتُكَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَدَاهُ بِالرَّجُلَيْنِ اللَّذَيْنِ كَانَتْ ثَقِيفٌ أَسَرَتْهُمَا  


See similar narrations below:

Collected by Bayhaqī
bayhaqi:12842[Chain 1] Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ And ʾAbū Zakariyyā b. Abū Isḥāq Waghayruhumā > Abū al-ʿAbbās Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb > al-Rabīʿ b. Sulaymān > al-Shāfiʿī > ʿAbd al-Wahhāb b. ʿAbd al-Majīd [Chain 2] Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ > Abū al-Faḍl b. Ibrāhīm > Aḥmad b. Salamah > Isḥāq b. Ibrāhīm

[Machine] The companions of the Prophet ﷺ captured a man from the tribe of Bani Aqil and tied him up in a pen. The Prophet ﷺ passed by him while we were with him, or he said, "He passed by him while riding on a donkey with a saddle made of a shawl underneath it." The man called out, "O Muhammad! O Muhammad!" So he (the Prophet) came to him and said, "What is the matter with you?" He replied, "I have been taken by the oath of your allies, the people of Thaqif." Thaqif had captured two men from among the companions of the Prophet ﷺ . The man then said, "O Muhammad! O Muhammad!" The Prophet asked, "What is the matter with you?" He replied, "I am a Muslim." The Prophet said, "If you had said that while you had control over your affairs, you would have succeeded in all matters." Then he left. The man called out, "O Muhammad! O Muhammad!" So he (the Prophet) returned and said, "What is the matter with you?" The man said, "I am hungry, so feed me." The Prophet considered it and then said, "I am thirsty, so give me a drink." The man said, "This is my request." So the Prophet freed the two men from Thaqif for him. This is the narration of Ishaq.  

البيهقي:١٢٨٤٢أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ وَأَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ وَغَيْرُهُمَا قَالُوا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ أنا الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ أنا الشَّافِعِيُّ أنا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَجِيدِ ح وَأنا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنا أَبُو الْفَضْلِ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ ثنا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ أنا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ الثَّقَفِيُّ ثنا أَيُّوبُ عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ عَنْ أَبِي الْمُهَلَّبِ عَنْ عِمَرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ قَالَ

أَسَرَ أَصْحَابُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي عَقِيلٍ فَأَوْثَقُوهُ فَطَرَحُوهُ فِي الْحَرَّةِ فَمَرَّ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَنَحْنُ مَعَهُ أَوْ قَالَ أَتَى عَلَيْهِ عَلَى حِمَارٍ وَتَحْتَهُ قَطِيفَةٌ فَنَادَاهُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ مَا شَأْنُكَ؟ قَالَ فِيمَا أُخِذْتُ؟ قَالَ أُخِذْتَ بِجَرِيرَةِ حُلَفَائِكَ ثَقِيفٍ وَكَانَتْ ثَقِيفٌ قَدْ أَسَرَتْ رَجُلَيْنِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ قَالَ مَا شَأْنُكَ؟ قَالَ إِنِّي مُسْلِمٌ قَالَ لَوْ قُلْتَهَا وَأَنْتَ تَمْلِكُ أَمْرَكَ أَفْلَحْتَ كُلَّ الْفَلَاحِ قَالَ وَتَرَكَهُ وَمَضَى قَالَ فَنَادَاهُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَرَجَعَ فَقَالَ مَا شَأْنُكَ؟ فَقَالَ إِنِّي جَائِعٌ فَأَشْبِعْنِي وَحَسِبَهُ قَالَ إِنِّي عَطْشَانُ فَاسْقِنِي قَالَ هَذِهِ حَاجَتُكَ فَفَدَاهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِالرَّجُلَيْنِ اللَّذَيْنِ أَسَرَتْهُمَا ثَقِيفٌ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ إِسْحَاقَ  

رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ
bayhaqi:18037[Chain 1] Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ > Abū al-Walīd > Jaʿfar b. Aḥmad b. Naṣr > ʿAlī b. Ḥujr [Chain 2] Abū al-Faḍl b. Ibrāhīm > Aḥmad b. Salamah > ʿAmr b. Zurārah b. Wāqid al-Kilābī > Ismāʿīl b. Ibrāhīm > Ayyūb > Abū Qilābah > Abū al-Muhallab > ʿImrān b. Ḥuṣayn ؓ

[Machine] Thaqif tribe was an ally of the Banu Aqil. Thaqif tribe captured two companions of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ , and the companions of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ also captured a man, and they were all afflicted with scabies. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ came to them while they were in confinement and said, "O Muhammad, O Muhammad!" So he ﷺ came to him and said, "What is your matter?" The man said, "Why did you take me and why did you take the leader of the pilgrimage?" So the Prophet ﷺ said, "Because you were captured with the clothes of your ally, Thaqif." Then he turned away from him. Then he called him again and said, "O Muhammad, O Muhammad!" The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ , who was compassionate and kind, returned to him and said, "What is your matter?" He said, "I am a Muslim." The Prophet ﷺ said, "If you had said it while you were in control, you would have succeeded greatly." Then he turned away from him. Then he called him again and said, "O Muhammad, O Muhammad!" So he ﷺ came to him and said, "What is your matter?" He said, "I am hungry, so feed me and I am thirsty, so give me drink." The Prophet ﷺ said, "This is your need." He said, "May my life be sacrificed for the two men."  

البيهقي:١٨٠٣٧وَأَمَّا الْمُفَادَاةُ بِالنَّفْسِ فَفِيمَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ ثنا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ نَصْرٍ ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُجْرٍ ح قَالَ وَأَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو الْفَضْلِ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَاللَّفْظُ لَهُ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ زُرَارَةَ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ الْكِلَابِيُّ قَالَا ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ثنا أَيُّوبُ عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ عَنْ أَبِي الْمُهَلَّبِ عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ ؓ قَالَ

كَانَتْ ثَقِيفٌ حُلَفَاءَ لِبَنِي عَقِيلٍ فَأَسَرَتْ ثَقِيفٌ رَجُلَيْنِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَسَرَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ رَجُلًا وَأَصَابُوا مَعَهُ الْعَضْبَاءَ فَأَتَى عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ فِي الْوَثَاقِ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَأَتَاهُ ﷺ فَقَالَ مَا شَأْنُكَ؟ فقَالَ بِمَ أَخَذْتَنِي وَبِمَ أَخَذْتَ سَابِقَ الْحَاجِّ؟ فَقَالَ إِعْظَامًا لِذَاكَ أُخِذْتَ بِجَرِيرَةِ حُلَفَائِكَ ثَقِيفٍ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ عَنْهُ فَنَادَاهُ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ قَالَ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ رَحِيمًا رَفِيقًا فَرَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ مَا شَأْنُكَ؟ فَقَالَ إِنِّي مُسْلِمٌ قَالَ لَوْ قُلْتَهَا وَأَنْتَ تَمْلِكُ أَمْرَكَ أَفْلَحْتَ كُلَّ الْفَلَاحِ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ عَنْهُ فَنَادَاهُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ مَا شَأْنُكَ؟ فَقَالَ إِنِّي جَائِعٌ فَأَطْعِمْنِي وَظَمْآنُ فَاسْقِنِي قَالَ هَذِهِ حَاجَتُكَ قَالَ فَفُدِيَ بِالرَّجُلَيْنِ  

رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حُجْرٍ وَغَيْرِهِ
bayhaqi:18066Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ And ʾAbū Bakr Aḥmad b. al-Ḥasan al-Qāḍī > Abū al-ʿAbbās Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb > al-Rabīʿ b. Sulaymān > al-Shāfiʿī > ʿAbd

[Machine] The companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ captured a man from the Banī 'Āqil tribe. They tied him up and left him in the desert. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed by him while we were with him, or he said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ came across him while riding on a donkey, with a saddle made of Qatifa underneath him." The man called out, "O Muhammad! O Muhammad!" So the Prophet ﷺ came to him and said, "What is your matter?" He replied, "What will happen to me?" The Prophet ﷺ asked, "What did you do to deserve this? And what did the two men who were captured before you do?" He said, "I was taken as a prisoner by the armed men from Thaqif while they had captured two of the Prophet's companions. So I left them and ran away." Then the man called out again, "O Muhammad! O Muhammad!" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ had mercy on him and went back to him, saying, "What is your matter?" The man said, "I am hungry, so feed me." The Prophet ﷺ said, "I thought he would say this." Then the man said, "I am thirsty, so give me something to drink." The Prophet ﷺ said, "This is your need." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ransomed the two men from Thaqif and took the man's camel as compensation.  

البيهقي:١٨٠٦٦أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ الْقَاضِي قَالَا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ أنبأ عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَجِيدِ الثَّقَفِيُّ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ عَنْ أَبِي الْمُهَلَّبِ عَنْ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ حُصَيْنٍ ؓ قَالَ

أَسَرَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ رَجُلًا مِنْ بَنِي عَقِيلٍ فَأَوْثَقُوهُ فَطَرَحُوهُ فِي الْحَرَّةِ فَمَرَّ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَنَحْنُ مَعَهُ أَوْ قَالَ أَتَى عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى حِمَارٍ وَتَحْتَهُ قَطِيفَةٌ فَنَادَاهُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَأَتَاهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَقَالَ مَا شَأْنُكَ قَالَ فِيمَ أُخِذْتُ وَفِيمَ أُخِذَتْ سَابِقَةُ الْحَاجِّ؟ قَالَ أُخِذْتَ بِجَرِيرَةِ حُلَفَائِكُمْ ثَقِيفٍ وَكَانَتْ ثَقِيفٌ قَدْ أَسَرَتْ رَجُلَيْنِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَتَرَكَهُ وَمَضَى فَنَادَاهُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَرَحِمَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَرَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ مَا شَأْنُكَ ؟ فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ مُسْلِمٌ قَالَ لَوْ قُلْتَهَا وَأَنْتَ تَمْلِكُ أَمْرَكَ أَفْلَحْتَ كُلَّ الْفَلَاحِ قَالَ فَتَرَكَهُ وَمَضَى فَنَادَاهُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَرَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ إِنِّي جَائِعٌ فَأَطْعِمْنِي قَالَ وَأَحْسِبُهُ قَالَ وَإِنِّي عَطْشَانُ فَاسْقِنِي قَالَ هَذِهِ حَاجَتُكَ قَالَ فَفَدَاهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِالرَّجُلَيْنِ اللَّذَيْنِ أَسَرَتْهُمَا ثَقِيفٌ وَأَخَذَ نَاقَتَهُ تِلْكَ  

رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ