when the Prophet conquered Khaibar, he stipulated that the land, and all the yellow and white, meaning gold and silver belonged to him. The people of Khaibar said to him: “We know the land better, so give it to us so that we may work the land, and you will have half of its produce and we will have half.” He maintained that, he gave it to them on that basis. When the time for the date harvest came, he sent Ibn Rawahah to them. He assesses the date palms, and he said: “For this tree, such and such (amount).” They said: “You are demanding too much of us, O Ibn Rawahah!” He said: “This is my assessment and I will give you half of what I say.” They said: “This is fair, and fairness is what haven and earth are based on.” They said: “We Agree to take (accept) what you say.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1820)  

«أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ حِينَ افْتَتَحَ خَيْبَرَ اشْتَرَطَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنَّ لَهُ الْأَرْضَ وَكُلَّ صَفْرَاءَ وَبَيْضَاءَ» يَعْنِي الذَّهَبَ وَالْفِضَّةَ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَهْلُ خَيْبَرَ نَحْنُ أَعْلَمُ بِالْأَرْضِ فَأَعْطَاهَا عَلَى أَنْ نَعْمَلَهَا وَيُكْنَ لَنَا نِصْفُ الثَّمَرَةِ وَلَكُمْ نِصْفُهَا فَذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ أَعْطَاهُمْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ حِينَ تُصْرَمُ النَّخْلُ بَعَثَ إِلَيْهِمُ ابْنَ رَوَاحَةَ فَحَزَرَ النَّخْلَ وَهُوَ الَّذِي يَدَعُونَهُ أَهْلُ الْمَدِينَةِ الْخَرْصُ فَقَالَ فِي ذَا كَذَا وَكَذَا فَقَالُوا أَكْثَرْتَ عَلَيْنَا يَا ابْنَ رَوَاحَةَ قَالَ فَأَنَا إِلَى حَزْرِ النَّخْلِ وَأُعْطِيكُمْ نِصْفَ الَّذِي قُلْتُ قَالُوا هَذَا الْحَقُّ وَبِهِ قَامَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ رَضِينَا أَنْ نَأْخُذَ بِالَّذِي قُلْتَ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ used to send Ibn Rawaha to the Jews to ascertain the ripeness of the dates before they were eaten. Then the Jews were given the option to take them with a type of payment or to leave them and give them to the Muslims as a form of zakat (charity). The Prophet ﷺ ordered this to be done so that the zakat could be calculated before the fruits were eaten and distributed.  

شَأْنَ خَيْبَرَ «فَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَبْعَثُ ابْنَ رَوَاحَةَ إِلَى الْيَهُودِ فَيَحْزُرُ النَّخْلَ حِينَ يَطِيبُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُؤْكَلَ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ يُخَيِّرُونَ الْيَهُودَ بِأَنْ يَأْخُذُوهَا بِذَلِكَ الْخَرْصِ أَوْ يَدْفَعُوهَا إِلَيْهِمْ بِذَلِكَ وَإِنَّمَا كَانَ أَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِالْخَرْصِ لِكَيْ تُحْصَى الزَّكَاةُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُؤْكَلَ الثِّمَارُ وَيُفَرَّقَ»  

Ibn Rawahah assessed them (the amount of dates) at forty thousand wasqs, and when Ibn Rawahah gave them option, the Jews took the fruits in their possession and twenty thousand wasqs of dates were due from them. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3415)  

أَنَّ الْيَهُودَ لَمَّا خَيَّرَهُمْ ابْنُ رَوَاحَةَ أَخَذُوا التَّمْرَ وَعَلَيْهِمْ عِشْرُونَ أَلْفَ وَسْقٍ»  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ conquered it, and it was a collection of its crops and date palms. The Prophet ﷺ and his companions did not have any servants. So the Prophet ﷺ made a deal with the Jews, saying, "You do the work, and we will give you half of the dates in return for me granting you security and protection." This happened when the Prophet ﷺ sent Ibn Rawahah as a supervisor over them. When he gave them the choice, the Jews took the dates. And so, the Jews continued to have control over Khaybar, despite the peace agreement with the Prophet ﷺ , until Umar expelled them. Then the Jews said, "Did not the Prophet ﷺ make peace with us on such and such conditions?" He said, "Yes, but he will grant you what Allah and His Messenger have made apparent. And when it became apparent to me that it was time to expel you, I expelled you." So he expelled them and divided the land between the Muslims who had participated in the conquest with the Prophet ﷺ . He did not give any to those who did not participate in the conquest. Therefore, its inhabitants now are Muslims, and there are no Jews there. This was only done by the order of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to assess the zakat (charity) before the fruits are consumed and dispersed. And so they were upon that.  

فَتَحَهَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَكَانَتْ جَمْعًا لَهُ حَرْثُهَا وَنَخْلُهَا وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابِهِ رَقِيقٌ فَصَالَحَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَهُودَ عَلَى أَنَّهُمْ يَكْفُونَا الْعَمَلَ وَلَكُمْ شَطْرُ التَّمْرِ عَلَى أَنِّي أُقِرُّكُمْ مَا بَدَا لِلَّهِ وَلِرَسُولِهِ فَذَلِكَ حِينَ بَعَثَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ ابْنَ رَوَاحَةَ يَخْرِصُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَلَمَّا خَيَّرَهُمْ أَخَذَتْ يَهُودُ التَّمْرَ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ خَيْبَرُ بِيَدِ الْيَهُودِ عَلَى صُلْحِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ حَتَّى كَانَ عُمَرُ فَأَخْرَجَهُمْ فَقَالَتْ يَهُودُ أَلَمْ يُصَالِحْنَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَلَيْهِ عَلَى كَذَا وَكَذَا؟ قَالَ بَلَى عَلَى أَنَّهُ يُقِرُّكُمْ مَا بَدَا لِلَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ فَهَذَا حِينَ بَدَا لِي أَنْ أُخْرِجَكُمْ فَأَخْرَجَهُمْ ثُمَّ قَسَّمَهَا بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ الَّذِي افْتَتَحُوهَا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَلَمْ يُعْطِ مِنْهَا أَحَدًا لَمْ يَحْضُرِ افْتِتَاحَهَا قَالَ فَأهْلُهَا الْآنَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ لَيْسَ فِيهَا يَهُودُ وَإِنَّمَا كَانَ أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِالْخَرْصِ لِكَيْ يُحْصِيَ الزَّكَاةَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تُؤْكَلَ الثِّمَارُ وَتَفَرَّقَ فَكَانُوا عَلَى ذَلِكَ  

[Machine] Regarding the lawsuit of the Prophet ﷺ against the Jews of Khaybar, it was agreed that we would have half of the fruits and you would have the other half, and you would spare us the work. So when their fruits became ripe, they came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "Our fruits have become ripe, so send someone to divide them fairly between us and you." The Prophet ﷺ sent Abdullah bin Rawahah, and when he went to their palm trees and looked at them, he said, "By Allah, I do not know of anyone created by Allah who has a greater enmity towards Allah and a more hostile attitude towards the Messenger of Allah ﷺ than you. By Allah, Allah has not created anyone who is more hated by me than you. But it is not for me to deceive you even to the extent of a speck and I know it. Then he divided the fruits completely between those who owned them and those who were Jews. They had eighty thousand wasqs of dates, and the Jews said, "You have favored us." Ibn Rawahah said, "If you wish, give us forty thousand wasqs and you will be free from us." Some of them looked at each other and said, "With this (offer) the heavens and the earth become stable and with this (offer) they will defeat you."  

عَنْ مُقَاضَاةِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يَهُودَ خَيْبَرَ عَلَى أَنَّ لَنَا نِصْفَ الثَّمَرِ وَلَكُمْ نِصْفَهُ وَتَكْفُونَا الْعَمَلَ حَتَّى إِذَا طَابَ ثَمَرُهُمْ أَتَوُا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالُوا إِنَّ ثَمَرَنَا قَدْ طَابَ فَابْعَثْ خَارِصًا يَخْرُصُ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكَ فَبَعَثَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ رَوَاحَةَ فَلَمَّا طَافَ فِي نَخْلِهِمْ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِمْ قَالَ وَاللهِ مَا أَعْلَمُ مِنْ خَلْقِ اللهِ أَحَدًا أَعْظَمَ فِرْيَةً عَلَى اللهِ وَأَعْدَى لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْكُمْ وَاللهِ مَا خَلَقَ اللهُ أَحَدًا أَبْغَضَ إِلَيَّ مِنْكُمْ وَاللهِ مَا يَحْمِلُنِي ذَلِكَ أَنْ أَحِيفَ عَلَيْكُمْ قَدْرَ مِثْقَالِ ذَرَّةٍ وَأَنَا أَعْلَمُهَا قَالَ ثُمَّ خَرَصَهَا جَمِيعًا الَّذِي لَهُمْ وَالَّذِي لِيَهُودَ ثَمَانِينَ أَلْفَ وَسْقٍ فَقَالَ الْيَهُودُ خَيَّرْتَنَا فَقَالَ ابْنُ رَوَاحَةَ إِنْ شِئْتُمْ فَأَعْطُونَا أَرْبَعِينَ أَلْفَ وَسْقٍ وَتَخْرُجُونَ عَنَّا فَنَظَرَ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ ثُمَّ قَالُوا بِهَذَا قَامَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ وَبِهَذَا يَغْلِبُونَكُمْ  

[Machine] When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ opened Khaibar, he sent Abdullah bin Rawaha to divide the spoils with the Jews. When he arrived and they offered him food, he disliked taking anything from them and said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ has sent me as a just arbitrator between you and him. I have no interest in your gifts." He then fixed a stick in the ground and told them, "If you wish, I will guarantee you your share, and if you wish, you can guarantee us our share." They chose to guarantee and he placed the stick between them. They said, "O Ibn Rawaha, you bring to us a matter that the heavens and the earth are operated by the same principle. They only operate by justice." Khaibar was a place witnessed by Hudaibiya, where no one else was allowed to participate or refrain from participating. Muhammad ﷺ did not permit anyone to deviate from their destination to Hudaibiya in order to witness Khaibar.  

لَمَّا فَتَحَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ خَيْبَرَ بَعَثَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ لِيُقَاسِمَ الْيَهُودَ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَجَعَلُوا يُهْدُونَ لَهُ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ فَكَرِهَ أَنْ يُصِيبَ مِنْهُمْ شَيْئًا وَقَالَ إِنَّمَا بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَدْلًا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَكُمْ فَلَا أَرَبَ لِي فِي هَدِيَّتِكُمْ فَخَرَصَ النَّخْلَ فَلَمَّا أَقَامَ الْخَرْصَ خَيَّرَهُمْ عَبْدُ اللهِ فَقَالَ إِنْ شِئْتُمْ ضَمِنْتُ لَكُمْ نَصِيبَكُمْ وَقُمْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَإِنْ شِئْتُمْ ضَمِنْتُمْ لَنَا نَصِيبَنَا وَقُمْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ فَاخْتَارُوا أَنْ يَضْمَنُوا وَيَقُومُوا عَلَيْهِ وَقَالُوا يَا ابْنَ رَوَاحَةَ هَذَا الَّذِي تَعْرِضُونَ عَلَيْنَا وَتَعْمَلُونَ بِهِ الَّذِي تَقُومُ بِهِ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ وَإِنَّمَا يَقُومَانِ بِالْحَقِّ وَكَانَتْ خَيْبَرُ لِمَنْ شَهِدَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةَ لَمْ يَشْرَكْهُمْ فِيهَا أَحَدٌ وَلَمْ يَتَخَلَّفْ عَنْهَا أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ وَلَمْ يَشْهَدْهَا أَحَدٌ غَيْرُهُمْ وَلَمْ يَأْذَنْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِأَحَدٍ تَخَلَّفَ عَنْ مَخْرَجِهِ إِلَى الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ فِي شُهُودِ خَيْبَرَ  

[Machine] And the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent Abdullah bin Rawaha to divide the dates among the Jews. When he came to them, they started offering him food and talking to him, and they gathered jewelry from their women and said, "Take this, it will alleviate our burdens and forgive our debts." Ibn Rawaha said, "O people of Jews, by Allah, you are the people I despise the most. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent me as a just arbitrator between you and him, so I have no personal interest in your world and I will not deceive you. You have only offered me what is unlawful and we do not consume it." Then he started to separate the dates, and when he finished the allocation, he said to them, "If you wish, I can guarantee your share and if you wish, you can guarantee our share and you can distribute it yourselves." They chose to guarantee and distribute it themselves and said, "O Ibn Rawaha, with what you are doing, heavens and earth are established, and they only stand with truth."  

وَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ رَوَاحَةَ لِيُقَاسِمَ الْيَهُودَ ثَمَرَهَا فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ عَلَيْهِمْ جَعَلُوا يُهْدُونَ لَهُ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ وَيُكَلِّمُونَهُ وَجَمَعُوا لَهُ حُلِيًّا مِنْ حُلِيِّ نِسَائِهِمْ فَقَالُوا هَذَا لَكَ وَتَخَفَّفْ عَنَّا وَتَجَاوَزْ فَقَالَ ابْنُ رَوَاحَةَ يَا مَعْشَرَ يَهُودَ إِنَّكُمْ وَاللهِ لَأَبْغَضُ النَّاسِ إِلَيَّ إِنَّمَا بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَدْلًا بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُ فَلَا أَرَبَ لِي فِي دُنْيَاكُمْ وَلَنْ أَحِيفَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَإِنَّمَا عَرَضْتُمْ عَلَيَّ السُّحْتَ وَإِنَّا لَا نَأْكُلُهُ فَخَرَصَ النَّخْلَ فَلَمَّا أَقَامَ الْخَرْصَ خَيَّرَهُمْ فَقَالَ إِنْ شِئْتُمْ ضَمِنْتُ لَكُمْ نَصِيبَكُمْ وَإِنْ شِئْتُمْ ضَمِنْتُمْ لَنَا نَصِيبِنَا وَقُمْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ فَاخْتَارُوا أَنْ يَضْمَنُوا وَيَقُومُوا عَلَيْهِ وَقَالُوا يَا ابْنَ رَوَاحَةَ هَذَا الَّذِي تَعْمَلُونَ بِهِ بِهِ تَقُومُ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ وَإِنَّمَا يَقُومَانِ بِالْحَقِّ  

[Machine] I said to Ata' that this incident occurred during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, so he informed me about Ibn Rawaha that he mediated between the Prophet ﷺ and the Jews, and they said, "If you want, it is for us, and if you want, it is for you." They said this and the heavens and the earth were established.  

قُلْتُ لِعَطَاءٍ خَرَصَهُمْ هَذَا عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرَنِي عَنِ ابْنِ رَوَاحَةَ أَنَّهُ خَرَصَ بَيْنَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَبَيْنَ الْيَهُودِ فَقَالُوا إِنْ شِئْتُمْ فَلَنَا وَإِنْ شِئْتُمْ فَلَكُمْ قَالُوا بِهَذَا قَامَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ  

[Machine] "O Children of Jews, indeed you are the most hated of Allah's creation to me. And it is not for me to be deceitful towards you. As for the bribe you have offered us, indeed it is unlawful and we do not accept it. Then he berated them and gave them the choice to either take it or let him take it. They said, "By this, the heavens and the earth were established." So, they took it in that deception."  

يَا مَعْشَرَ الْيَهُودِ إِنَّكُمْ لَأَبْغَضُ خَلْقِ اللهِ إِلَيَّ وَمَا ذَلِكَ بِحَامِلِي أَنْ أَحِيفَ عَلَيْكُمْ أَمَّا مَا عَرَضْتُمْ عَلَيْنَا مِنْ هَذِهِ الرِّشْوَةِ فَإِنَّهَا سُحْتٌ وَإِنَّا لَا نَأْكُلُهَا ثُمَّ خَرَصَ عَلَيْهِمْ ثُمَّ خَيَّرَهُمْ أَنْ يَأْخُذُوهَا أَوْ يَأْخُذَهَا هُوَ قَالُوا بِهَذَا قَامَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ فَأَخَذُوهَا بِذَلِكَ الْخَرْصِ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ did not have workers to work on the dates and crops in Khaybar. So the Prophet ﷺ called the Jews of Khaybar and gave the land of Khaybar to them on the condition that they cultivate it and give half of its produce to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his companions. The Prophet ﷺ told them, "I grant you in it what Allah has granted you." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to send Abdullah ibn Rawahah to them, who would pollinate the palm trees when the first fruits became fragrant, before they were eaten. Then he would give the Jews the choice to take the fruits with or without pollination.  

لَمْ يَكُنْ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ عُمَّالًا يَعْمَلُونَ بِهَا عَلَى نَخْلِ خَيْبَرَ وَزَرْعِهَا فَدَعَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَهُودَ خَيْبَرَ فَدَفَعَ إِلَيْهِمْ خَيْبَرَ عَلَى أَنْ يَعْمَلُوهَا عَلَى النِّصْفِ فَيُؤَدُّونَهُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابِهِ وَقَالَ لَهُمُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «أُقِرُّكُمْ فِيهَا مَا أَقَرَّكُمُ اللهُ» فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَبْعَثُ إِلَيْهِمْ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ رَوَاحَةَ فَيَخْرُصُ النَّخْلَ حِينَ يَطِيبُ أَوَّلُ الثَّمَرِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُؤْكَلَ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ يُخَيِّرُ الْيَهُودَ أَنْ يَأْخُذُوهَا بِذَلِكَ الْخَرْصِ أَوْ يَدْفَعُوهَا إِلَيْهِمْ بِذَلِكَ الْخَرْصِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent a mission to Mu'tah in the month of Jumada al-Ula of the eighth year and appointed Zaid ibn Harithah over them. He said to them, "If Zaid is killed, then Ja'far ibn Abi Talib will take over the leadership. And if Ja'far is killed, then Abdullah ibn Rawahah will take over the leadership." The people prepared themselves and got ready to go out, and they were three thousand in number. When they were ready to depart, the people bid farewell to the leaders of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and greeted them. When Abdullah bid farewell, he cried. It was asked, "What makes you cry, O Ibn Rawahah?" He said, "By Allah, it is not because I love this worldly life or fear for you. But I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ reciting a verse from the Book of Allah in which the Hellfire is mentioned: 'And none of you, except he is to come to it, has a decree known with his Lord.' I do not know what state my heart will be in after entering it." The Muslims said to him, "May Allah accompany you and protect you, and return you to us safely." Abdullah ibn Rawahah said, "+أصبابةٌ بكم"+صحبكم الله ودفع عنكم فردكم إلينا صالحين  

بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَعْثًا إِلَى مُؤْتَةَ فِي جُمَادَى الْأُولَى مِنْ سَنَةِ ثَمَانٍ وَاسْتَعْمَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ زَيْدَ بْنَ حَارِثَةَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ «إِنْ أُصِيبَ زَيْدٌ فَجَعْفَرُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَى النَّاسِ فَإِنْ أُصِيبَ جَعْفَرٌ فَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ عَلَى النَّاسِ» فَتَجَهَّزَ النَّاسُ ثُمَّ تَهَيَّأُوا لِلْخُرُوجِ وَهُمْ ثَلَاثَةُ آلَافٍ فَلَمَّا حَضَرَ خُرُوجَهُمْ وَدَّعَ النَّاسُ أُمَرَاءَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَسَلَّمُوا عَلَيْهِمْ فَلَمَّا وَدَّعَ عَبْدُ اللهِ مَعَ مَنْ وَدَّعَ بَكَى فَقِيلَ لَهُ مَا يُبْكِيكَ يَا ابْنَ رَوَاحَةَ؟ قَالَ أَمَا وَاللهِ مَا بِي حُبُّ الدُّنْيَا وَصَبَابَةٌ بِكُمْ وَلَكِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقْرَأُ آيَةً مِنْ كِتَابِ اللهِ يَذْكُرُ فِيهَا النَّارَ {وَإِنْ مِنْكُمْ إِلَّا وَارِدُهَا كَانَ عَلَى رَبِّكَ حَتْمًا مَقْضِيًّا} فَلَسْتُ أَدْرِي كَيْفَ بِالصَّدْرِ بَعْدَ الْوُرُودِ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُمُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ صَحِبَكُمُ اللهُ وَدَفَعَ عَنْكُمْ فَرَدَّكُمْ إِلَيْنَا صَالِحَيْنِ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , sent a message to Mu'ta in Jumada al-Ula in the eighth year. He appointed Zaid bin Haritha as their leader and said to them, "If Zaid is martyred, then Jafar bin Abi Talib will take charge of the people, and if Jafar is martyred, then Abdullah bin Rawaha will take charge of the people." The people prepared themselves for the expedition, and they numbered three thousand. When they were about to leave, the leaders of the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , bid them farewell and wished them well. When Abdullah bid farewell, he started crying, and it was asked, "Why are you crying, son of Rawaha?" He said, "By Allah, it is not because of my love for this world or my eagerness for you. But I heard the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , recite a verse from the Book of Allah in which the Hellfire is mentioned: 'And there is not one of you except he will come to it.' It is a decisive decree from your Lord.' I do not know how my heart will be after experiencing it." The Muslims said to him, "May Allah be with you and may He protect and return you to us in good health." Abdullah bin Rawaha said.  

بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَعْثًا إِلَى مُؤْتَةَ فِي جُمَادَى الْأُولَى مِنْ سَنَةِ ثَمَانٍ وَاسْتَعْمَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ زَيْدَ بْنَ حَارِثَةَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ «إِنْ أُصِيبَ زَيْدٌ فَجَعْفَرُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَى النَّاسِ فَإِنْ أُصِيبَ جَعْفَرٌ فَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ عَلَى النَّاسِ» فَتَجَهَّزَ النَّاسُ ثُمَّ تَهَيَّأُوا لِلْخُرُوجِ وَهُمْ ثَلَاثَةُ آلَافٍ فَلَمَّا حَضَرَ خُرُوجَهُمْ وَدَّعَ النَّاسُ أُمَرَاءَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَسَلَّمُوا عَلَيْهِمْ فَلَمَّا وَدَّعَ عَبْدُ اللهِ مَعَ مَنْ وَدَّعَ بَكَى فَقِيلَ لَهُ مَا يُبْكِيكَ يَا ابْنَ رَوَاحَةَ؟ قَالَ أَمَا وَاللهِ مَا بِي حُبُّ الدُّنْيَا وَصَبَابَةٌ بِكُمْ وَلَكِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقْرَأُ آيَةً مِنْ كِتَابِ اللهِ يَذْكُرُ فِيهَا النَّارَ {وَإِنْ مِنْكُمْ إِلَّا وَارِدُهَا كَانَ عَلَى رَبِّكَ حَتْمًا مَقْضِيًّا} فَلَسْتُ أَدْرِي كَيْفَ بِالصَّدْرِ بَعْدَ الْوُرُودِ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُمُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ صَحِبَكُمُ اللهُ وَدَفَعَ عَنْكُمْ فَرَدَّكُمْ إِلَيْنَا صَالِحَيْنِ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ  

[Machine] "And by Allah, it was as if I were watching Jafar when he leaped from his horse onto a blonde woman, then lashed her and fought the people until he was killed. When Jafar was killed, Abdullah bin Rawaha took the banner, then he advanced with it while riding his horse. He began to descend himself and hesitated for a while, then he said..."  

وَاللهِ لَكَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى جَعْفَرٍ حِينَ اقْتَحَمَ عَنْ فَرَسٍ لَهُ شَقْرَاءَ ثُمَّ عَقَرَهَا ثُمَّ قَاتَلَ الْقَوْمَ حَتَّى قُتِلَ فَلَمَّا قُتِلَ جَعْفَرٌ أَخَذَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ الرَّايَةَ ثُمَّ تَقَدَّمَ بِهَا وَهُوَ عَلَى فَرَسِهِ فَجَعَلَ يَسْتَنْزِلُ نَفْسَهُ وَيَتَرَدَّدُ بَعْضَ التَّرَدُّدِ ثُمَّ قَالَ  

[Machine] Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent an army to Mu'tah and appointed Zaid bin Haritha as their commander. If Zaid is killed, then their leader will be Jafar. If Jafar is killed, then Abdullah bin Rawaha al-Ansari will be their leader. They set out towards Mu'tah going towards Sham (Levant). Their commanders, who were appointed by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , were killed. Khalid bin Walid then took the flag and the Muslims agreed to it. Allah granted the Muslims victory over the enemy.  

«ثُمَّ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ جَيْشًا إِلَى مُؤْتَةَ وَأَمَّرَ عَلَيْهِمْ زَيْدَ بْنَ حَارِثَةَ فَإِنْ أُصِيبَ زَيْدٌ فَإِنَّ أَمِيرَهُمْ جَعْفَرٌ فَإِنْ أُصِيبَ جَعْفَرٌ فَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ أَمِيرُهُمْ فَخَرَجُوا قِبَلَ الشَّامِ نَحْوَ مُؤْتَةَ فَأُصِيبَ أُمَرَاؤُهُمُ الَّذِينَ أَمَّرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَخَذَ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ الرَّايَةَ فَاصْطَلَحَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ عَلَيْهِ فَهَزَمَ اللهُ الْعَدُوَّ»  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "Give me a likeness in Paradise in a tent made of pearls, and each one of them has a bed." I saw Zaid and Ibn Rawaha with their necks extended, resembling someone turning away or as if they had turned their faces away. As for Ja'far, he was straight and there was no turning away from him. I asked or someone asked me, it was said to me that when death approached them, it was as if they had turned away or as if they had covered their faces. As for Ja'far, he did not do that. Ibn Uyaynah said, "That is when Ibn Rawaha says."  

قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «مُثِّلُوا لِي فِي الْجَنَّةِ فِي خَيْمَةٍ مِنْ دُرَّةٍ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمْ عَلَى سَرِيرٍ» فَرَأَيْتُ زَيْدًا وَابنَ رَوَاحَةَ أَعْنَاقُهُمَا صُدُودًا وَأَمَّا جَعْفَرٌ فَهُوَ مُسْتَقِيمٌ لَيْسَ فِيهِ صُدُودٌ قَالَ فَسَأَلْتُ أَوْ قَالَ قِيلَ لِي إِنَّهُمَا حِينَ غَشِيَهُمَا الْمَوْتُ كَأَنَّمَا أَعْرَضَا أَوْ كَأَنَّمَا صَدَّا بِوُجُوهِهِمَا وَأَمَّا جَعْفَرٌ فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ قَالَ ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ فَذَلِكَ حِينَ يَقُولُ ابْنُ رَوَاحَةَ  

[Machine] Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent an army to Mu'ta and appointed Zaid bin Haritha as their commander. If he was martyred, then Ja'far bin Abi Talib would be their commander, and if Ja'far was martyred, then Abdullah bin Rawaha would be their commander. They set off until they met Ibn Abi Sabra Al-Ghassani in Mu'ta, where there were groups of Arab and Roman Christians, with Tanukh and Bahram. Ibn Abi Sabra closed the fortress for three days, excluding the Muslims. Then they went out and met on green farmland and engaged in fierce fighting. Zaid bin Haritha took the standard and was martyred, then Ja'far bin Abi Talib took it and was martyred, then Abdullah bin Rawaha took it and was martyred. After that, the Muslims agreed upon the commandership of Khalid bin Al-Walid. Allah granted victory to the Muslims and made them triumphant. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent them in the month of Jumada al-Ula.  

«ثُمَّ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ جَيْشًا إِلَى مُؤْتَةَ وَأَمَّرَ عَلَيْهِمْ زَيْدَ بْنَ حَارِثَةَ فَإِنْ أُصِيبَ فَجَعْفَرُ بنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ أَمِيرُهُمْ فَإِنْ أُصِيبَ جَعْفَرٌ فَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ أَمِيرُهُمْ فَانْطَلَقُوا حَتَّى لَقُوا ابْنَ أَبِي سَبْرَةَ الْغَسَّانِيَّ بِمُؤْتَةَ وَبِهَا جُمُوعٌ مِنْ نَصَارَى الْعَرَبِ وَالرُّومِ وَبِهَا تَنُوخُ وَبَهْرَامُ فَأَغْلَقَ ابْنُ أَبِي سَبْرَةَ دُونَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ الْحِصْنَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ ثُمَّ خَرَجُوا فَالْتَقَوْا عَلَى زَرْعٍ أَخْضَرَ فَاقْتَتَلُوا قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا وَأَخَذَ اللِّوَاءَ زَيْدُ بْنُ حَارِثَةَ فَقُتِلَ ثُمَّ أَخَذَهُ جَعْفَرٌ فَقُتِلَ ثُمَّ أَخَذَهُ ابْنُ رَوَاحَةَ فَقُتِلَ ثُمَّ اصْطَلَحَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ بَعْدَ أُمَرَاءِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى خَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ فَهَزَمَ اللهُ الْعَدُوَّ وَأَظْهَرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَبَعَثَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي جُمَادَى الْأُولَى»  

[Machine] That Abu Hurayrah used to say in his stories, "Verily, your brother used to say a poem or a saying that was not from indecency, and he is Abdullah ibn Rawahah.  

أَنَّ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي قَصَصِهِ إِنَّ أَخَاكُمْ كَانَ يَقُولُ شِعْرًا أَوْ قَوْلًا لَيْسَ مِنَ الرَّفَثِ وَهُوَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ رَوَاحَةَ  

[Machine] Abu Huraira used to say, "Surely there was a brother among you who used to not speak obscenities." He meant Abdullah ibn Rawahah and he also said...  

أَنَّ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ كَانَ يَقُولُ إِنَّ أَخًا لَكُمْ كَانَ لَا يَقُولُ الرَّفَثَ يَعْنِي عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ رَوَاحَةَ وَقَالَ  

[Machine] He heard Abu Hurairah saying in his stories, while mentioning the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , "Your brother used to not speak obscenely," meaning Abdullah bin Rawahah.  

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ فِي قَصَصِهِ وَهُوَ يَذْكُرُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ أَخَاكُمْ كَانَ لَا يَقُولُ الرَّفَثَ يَعْنِي عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ رَوَاحَةَ  

[Machine] He heard Abu Hurairah saying in his stories that your brother used to not say indecent words, meaning Abdullah bin Rwahah.  

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ يَقُولُ فِي قَصَصِهِ إِنَّ أَخَاكُمْ كَانَ لَا يَقُولُ الرَّفَثَ يَعْنِي عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ رَوَاحَةَ  

[Machine] While I was passing by in the mosque and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was with some of his companions, the people said, "O Abdullah bin Rawaha, O Abdullah bin Rawaha." I thought that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was calling me, so I came to him and he said, "Sit down, O Abdullah bin Rawaha, how do you say poetry when you want to speak?" I said, "I think and then I speak." He said, "You should curse the polytheists." I hadn't prepared anything, so I said:

[The Simple Ocean]

Tell me the price of the cloak, when ... you were like penguins or did shields harm you?

So I knew the hatred in the face of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ because I priced his people's cloaks, so I looked and then I said:

O Hashim of goodness, indeed Allah has favored you ... over all creation, and He has no equal.

I have thoroughly examined the goodness in you ... with a perception that they lacked in what they saw.

And if you were to ask or seek help from some of them ... in your entire affair, they would not have given refuge or help.

So may Allah make firm what He has granted you of good ... with the firmness of Musa and the help they had received.

He said, "And you may be firm as well, O Ibn Rawaha."  

بَيْنَمَا أَنَا أَجْتَازُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي نَاسٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ إِذْ قَالَ الْقَوْمُ يَا عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ رَوَاحَةَ يَا عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ رَوَاحَةَ فَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَدْعُونِي فَجِئْتُ فَقَالَ «اجْلِسْ يَا عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ رَوَاحَةَ كَيْفَ تَقُولُ الشِّعْرَ إِذَا أَرَدْتَ أَنْ تَقُولَ؟» قُلْتُ أَنْظُرُ ثُمَّ أَقُولُ قَالَ «فَعَلَيْكَ بِالْمُشْرِكِينَ» وَلَمْ أَكُنْ أَعْدَدْتُ شَيْئًا فَقُلْتُ:

[البحر البسيط]

خَبِّرُونِي أثْمانَ العَباءِ مَتى … كُنْتُمْ بَطارِيقَ أوْ دانَتْ لَكُمْ مُضَرُ

فَعَرَفْتُ الكَراهِيَةَ فِي وجْهِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أنْ جَعَلْتُ قَوْمَهُ أثْمانَ العَباءِ، فَنَظَرْتُ ثُمَّ قُلْتُ:

يا هاشِمَ الخَيْرِ إنَّ اللهَ فَضَّلَكُمْ … عَلى البَرِيَّةِ فَضْلًا ما لَهُ غَيْرُ

إنِّي تَفَرَّسْتُ فِيكَ الخَيْرَ أعْرِفُهُ … فِراسَةً خالَفَتْهُمْ فِي الَّذِي نَظَرُوا

ولَوْ سَألْتَ أوِ اسْتَنْصَرْتَ بَعْضَهُمُ … فِي جُلِّ أمَرِكَ ما آوَوْا وما نَصَرُوا

فَثَبَّتَ اللهُ ما آتاكَ مِن حَسَنٍ … تَثْبِيتَ مُوسى ونَصْرًا كالَّذِي نُصِرُوا

قالَ: «وأنْتَ فَثَبَّتَ اللهُ يا ابْنَ رَواحَةَ»  

[Machine] "That the Prophet ﷺ forbade a man from entering his home at night."  

«أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ نَهَى أَنْ يَطْرُقَ الرَّجُلُ أَهْلَهُ لَيْلًا»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ performed ablution and wiped over the socks.  

«أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ تَوَضَّأَ وَمَسَحَ عَلَى الْخُفَّيْنِ»  

[Machine] Narrated Al-Qa'nabi: My father, Muslimah bin Qa'nab, narrated to me from Hisham bin 'Urwah, who narrated from his father, who narrated from Abdullah bin Zam'ah, that he heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say during his sermon, while he mentioned the she-camel and the one who hamstrung her: "And Allah (ﷻ) resurrected for her a man from her tribe, who is strong and trustworthy, similar to Abu Zam'ah. Then, he mentioned women and said, 'Why does one of you intentionally beat his wife, like the beating of a slave, and then may sleep with her during the last part of the day?' Then, I heard him advising them regarding their laughter from joking about flatulence, saying, 'What makes any one of you laugh at what they do?'"  

حَدَّثَنَا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي مَسْلَمَةُ بْنُ قَعْنَبٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ زَمْعَةَ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ فِي خُطْبَتِهِ وَذَكَرَ النَّاقَةَ وَالَّذِي عَقَرَهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ {إِذِ انْبَعَثَ} اللهُ {أَشْقَاهَا} انْبَعَثَ لَهَا رَجُلٌ عَزِيزٌ مَنِيعٌ فِي رَهْطِهِ مِثْلُ أَبِي زَمْعَةَ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ النِّسَاءَ فَقَالَ «إِلَامَ يَعْمَدُ أَحَدُكُمْ فَيَجْلِدُ امْرَأَتَهُ جَلْدَ الْعَبْدِ ثُمَّ لَعَلَّهُ يُضَاجِعُهَا مِنْ آخِرِ يَوْمِهِ؟» ثُمَّ سَمِعْتُهُ يَعِظُهُمْ فِي ضَحِكِهِمْ مِنَ الضَّرْطَةِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «مَا يُضْحِكُ أَحَدَكُمْ مِمَّا يَفْعَلُ؟»  

[Machine] He informed him that he heard the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , mention the she-camel and its owner who harmed it. He said, "When its owners release it (to drink), a man of great influence and power similar to Abu Zam'ah will be sent to it." Then he mentioned women and said, "Why would one of you beat his wife like a slave and then sleep with her on the last day?" Then he advised them about their laughter due to flatulence and said, "What makes one of you laugh at what he does?"  

أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمًا فِي خُطْبَتِهِ ذَكَرَ النَّاقَةَ وَالَّذِي عَقَرَهَا فَقَالَ {إِذِ انْبَعَثَ أَشْقَاهَا} انْبَعَثَ لَهَا رَجُلٌ عَزِيزٌ عَارِمٌ مَنِيعٌ فِي قَوْمِهِ مِثْلُ أَبِي زَمْعَةَ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ النِّسَاءَ فَقَالَ «إِلَامَ يَعْمَدُ أَحَدُكُمْ إِلَى امْرَأَتِهِ فَيَجْلِدُهَا جَلْدَ الْعَبْدِ وَلَعَلَّهُ يُضَاجِعُهَا مِنْ آخِرِ يَوْمِهِ» ثُمَّ وَعَظَهُمْ مِنْ ضَحِكِهِمْ مِنَ الضَّرْطَةِ فَقَالَ «مَا يُضْحِكُ أَحَدَكُمْ مِمَّا يَفْعَلُ؟»  

[Machine] That the Prophet ﷺ said, "One of you should flog his wife with the the skin of a slave, then have sexual intercourse with her at the end of the day."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ «يَجْلِدُ أَحَدُكُمُ امْرَأَتَهُ جَلْدَ الْعَبْدِ ثُمَّ يُجَامِعُهَا فِي آخِرِ النَّهَارِ»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , married Sawda bint Zam'a, and her brother, Abd bin Zam'a, came back from Hajj. He began to rub dirt on his head, and when he embraced Islam, he said, "I used to be foolish when I rub dirt on my head, for the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , married Sawda."  

تَزَوَّجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَوْدَةَ بِنْتَ زَمْعَةَ فَجَاءَ أَخُوهَا مِنَ الْحَجِّ عَبْدُ بْنُ زَمْعَةَ فَجَعَلَ يَحْثُو عَلَى رَأْسِهِ التُّرَابَ فَلَمَّا أَسْلَمَ قَالَ إِنِّي لَسَفِيهٌ يَوْمَ أَحْثُو عَلَى رَأْسِي التُّرَابَ أَنْ تَزَوَّجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَوْدَةَ  

[Machine] When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was sick, I was with him in a group of Muslims. Bilal called for prayer and said, "Tell someone to lead the people in prayer." So, I went out and found Umar with the people, and Abu Bakr was absent. I said to Umar, "Arise and lead the people in prayer." He stood up, and when he pronounced the takbeer, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ heard his voice. Umar was a loud man. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Where is Abu Bakr? May Allah and the Muslims not accept that." He sent for Abu Bakr, who came after Umar had finished the prayer. Abu Bakr led the people in prayer. Abdullah ibn Zam'ah said that Umar said to me, "Woe to you, Ibn Zam'ah! What have you done to me? By Allah, I did not think when you commanded me except that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had ordered you to do so, and if it were not for that, I would not have led the people in prayer." I said, "By Allah, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not command me to do so, but when I did not see Abu Bakr, I considered you more entitled to lead the people in prayer than anyone else present."  

لَمَّا اسْتُعِزَّ بِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَنَا عِنْدَهُ فِي نَفَرٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ دَعَا بِلَالٌ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ فَقَالَ «مُرُوا مَنْ يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ» فَخَرَجْتُ فَإِذَا عُمَرُ فِي النَّاسِ وَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ غَائِبًا فَقُلْتُ يَا عُمَرُ قُمْ فَصَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ فَقَامَ فَلَمَّا كَبَّرَ سَمِعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ صَوْتَهُ وَكَانَ عُمَرُ رَجُلًا جَهِيرًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «فَأَيْنَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ؟ يَأْبَى اللهُ وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ ذَلِكَ» فَبَعَثَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَجَاءَ بَعْدَ أَنْ صَلَّى عُمَرُ تِلْكَ الصَّلَاةَ فَصَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ زَمْعَةَ فَقَالَ لِي عُمَرُ وَيْحَكَ مَاذَا صَنَعْتَ بِي يَا ابْنَ زَمْعَةَ؟ وَاللهِ مَا ظَنَنْتُ حِينَ أَمَرْتَنِي إِلَّا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَمَرَكَ بِذَلِكَ وَلَوْلَا ذَلِكَ مَا صَلَّيْتُ بِالنَّاسِ قُلْتُ وَاللهِ مَا أَمَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَلَكِنْ حِينَ لَمْ أَرَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَأَيْتُكَ أَحَقَّ مَنْ حَضَرَ بِالصَّلَاةِ مِنَ النَّاسِ  

[Machine] When the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was in severe pain and I was with him in the presence of some Muslims, he called Bilal to perform the prayer and said, "Tell him to command the people to pray." So Bilal went out and came to Umar, as Abu Bakr was absent, and said, "O Umar, stand and lead the prayer for the people." Umar stood up, and when he recited the takbeer (saying "Allahu Akbar" to begin the prayer), the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ heard his voice. Umar had a loud voice. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ said, "Where is Abu Bakr? May Allah refuse to grant him that and the Muslims." He repeated this several times. Then he sent for Abu Bakr, who came after Umar had led the prayer. Abu Bakr led the people in prayer. Abdullah ibn Zam'ah said, "Umar asked me, 'What did you do to me, Ibn Zam'ah?' By Allah, when you commanded me to lead the people in prayer, I did not think that I should do so unless the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ had commanded me to do so. If it weren't for that, I would not have led the people in prayer. I said, 'The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ did command you to do so, but when I did not see Abu Bakr, I thought you were better than one who was present.'"  

لَمَّا اشْتَدَّ بِالنَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَجَعُهُ وَأَنَا عِنْدَهُ فِي نَفَرٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ دَعَا بِلَالٌ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ فَقَالَ «مُرُوهُ فَلْيَأْمُرِ النَّاسَ يُصَلُّوا» فَخَرَجَ فَأَتَى عُمَرُ وَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ غَائِبًا فَقَالَ يَا عُمَرُ قُمْ فَصَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ فَقَامَ فَلَمَّا كَبَّرَ سَمِعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ صَوْتَهُ وَكَانَ عُمَرُ جُهَيْرَ الصَّوْتِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «أَيْنَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَأْبَى اللهُ ذَلِكَ وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ» فَرَدَّدَ ذَلِكَ مِرَارًا فَبَعَثَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَجَاءَ بَعْدَ أَنْ صَلَّى عُمَرُ تِلْكَ الصَّلَاةَ فَصَلَّى أَبُو بَكْرٍ بِالنَّاسِ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ زَمْعَةَ قَالَ لِي عُمَرُ مَا صَنَعْتَ بِي يَا ابْنَ زَمْعَةَ؟ وَاللهِ مَا ظَنَنْتُ حِينَ أَمَرْتَنِي أَنْ أُصَلِّيَ بِالنَّاسِ إِلَّا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَمَرَكَ بِذَلِكَ وَلَوْلَا ذَلِكَ مَا صَلَّيْتُ بِالنَّاسِ فَقُلْتُ مَا أَمَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَلَكِنْ حِينَ لَمْ أَرَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَأَيْتُكَ خَيْرَ مَنْ حَضَرَ  

[Machine] Narrated al-Qa'nabi and Mujammir bin Ya'qub al-Ansari reported from Muhammad bin Isma'il who said: It was said to Abdullah bin Abi Habiba, "What did you witness from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ?" He said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to us in our mosque in Quba, and I came as a boy. I listened to him until I sat on his right side while Abu Bakr sat on his left side. Then, he called for a drink and drank from it, and then he passed it to me from his right side."  

حَدَّثَنَا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا مُجَمِّعُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ قَالَ قِيلَ لِعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبَةَ مَا أَدْرَكْتَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ؟ قَالَ جَاءَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي مَسْجِدِنَا قُبَاءَ فَجِئْتُ وَأَنَا غُلَامٌ حَدَثٌ حَتَّى جَلَسْتُ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَجَلَسَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَنْ يَسَارِهِ قَالَ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِشَرَابٍ فَشَرِبَ وَنَاوَلَنِي عَنْ يَمِينِهِ  

[Machine] Narrated Al-Qa'nabi: They said, "Narrated by Mujammir bin Ya'qub Al-Ansari: On the authority of Muhammad bin Isma'il who said, it was said to Abdullah bin Abi Habibah, what did you witness from the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ? He said, 'He stood up for prayer and I saw him praying in his sandals.'"  

حَدَّثَنَا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا مُجَمِّعُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ قَالَ قِيلَ لِعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبَةَ مَا أَدْرَكْتَ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «قَامَ يُصَلِّي فَرَأَيْتُهُ يُصَلِّي فِي نَعْلَيْهِ»  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ received a letter from a man and said to Abdullah bin Al-Arqam, "Answer me." So he wrote his response and then read it to the Prophet. The Prophet said, "You have done well, may Allah grant you success." When Umar became the Caliph, he used to consult him.  

أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كِتَابُ رَجُلٍ فَقَالَ لِعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الْأَرْقَمِ «أَجِبْ عَنِّي» فَكَتَبَ جَوَابَهُ ثُمَّ قَرَأَهُ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ «أَصَبْتَ وَأَحْسَنْتَ اللهُمَّ وَفِقْهُ» فَلَمَّا وَلِيَ عُمَرُ كَانَ يُشَاوِرُهُ  

[Machine] We were with him on a journey and he was leading them in prayer. When the prayer time came, he said to us, "Let one of you lead the prayer for you, for I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, 'When the prayer time comes and one of you has a need, let him begin with his need.'"  

كُنَّا مَعَهُ فِي سَفَرٍ وَكَانَ يَؤُمُّهُمْ فَلَمَّا حَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ قَالَ لَنَا لِيَؤُمَّكُمْ بَعْضُكُمْ فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «إِذَا حَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ وَبِأَحَدِكُمُ الْحَاجَةُ فَلْيَبْدَأْ بِالْحَاجَةِ»  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, "When the prayer is established and one of you is in need to relieve oneself, let him begin with relieving himself."  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «إِذَا أُقِيمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ وَبِأَحَدِكُمُ الْغَائِطُ فَلْيَبْدَأْ بِالْغَائِطِ»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "When the prayer is established and one of you wants to relieve himself, let him start with relieving himself."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ «إِذَا أُقِيمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ وَأَرَادَ أَحَدُكُمُ الْغَائِطَ فَلْيَبْدَأْ بِالْغَائِطِ»  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, "When one of you intends to go to the restroom while the prayer has begun, he should start with using the restroom."  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «إِذَا أَرَادَ أَحَدُكُمْ أَنْ يذْهَبَ الْخَلَاءَ وَقَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَلْيَبْدَأْ بِالْخَلَاءِ»  

"I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: 'If any one of you feels the need to defecate, let him do that first, before he prays."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 852)  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «إِذَا وَجَدَ أَحَدُكُمُ الْغَائِطَ فَلْيَبْدَأْ بِهِ قَبْلَ الصَّلَاةِ»  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "When any one of you enters the toilet and the prayer is established, he should begin with using the toilet."  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «إِذَا جَاءَ أَحَدُكُمُ الْخَلَاءَ وَأُقِيمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَلْيَبْدَأْ بِالْخَلَاءِ»  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, "When one of you wants to relieve himself and the prayer is established, let him start with relieving himself."  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «إِذَا أَرَادَ أَحَدُكُمُ الْخَلَاءَ وَأُقِيمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَلْيَبْدَأْ بِالْخَلَاءِ»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "When one of you needs to use the bathroom and the time for prayer comes, he should begin with using the bathroom."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «إِذَا كَانَ بِأَحَدِكُمُ الْخَلَاءَ وَحَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَلْيَبْدَأْ بِالْخَلَاءِ»  

[Machine] He went out to Mecca and he was their imam. He appointed a man to lead them in prayer and then he said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, 'If the prayer is established and one of you needs to relieve himself, let him start with that.'"  

خَرَجَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ وَكَانَ إِمَامَهُمْ فَقَدَّمَ رَجُلًا يُصَلِّي بِهِمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «إِذَا أُقِيمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ وَبِأَحَدِكُمْ غَائِطٌ فَلْيَبْدَأْ بِهِ»  

[Machine] On the authority of the Prophet, ﷺ , he said, "When the prayer is established and one of you needs to use the restroom, let them start with relieving themselves."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «إِذَا أُقِيمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ وَبِأَحَدِكُمُ الْخَلَاءَ فَلْيَبْدَأْ بِالْخَلَاءِ»  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "When the prayer is established, and one of you finds a secluded place, let him start with performing ablution (wudu)."  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «إِذَا أُقِيمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ وَوَجَدَ أَحَدُكُمُ الْخَلَاءَ فَلْيَبْدَأْ بِالْخَلَاءِ»  

[Machine] I heard the messenger of Allah (PBUH) saying, "When one of you finds a place of privacy and the prayer has been established, let him begin with the act of relieving himself."  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «إِذَا وَجَدَ أَحَدُكُمُ الْخَلَاءَ وَقَدْ أُقِيمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَلْيَبْدَأْ بِالْخَلَاءِ»  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, "If the prayer comes while one of you has defecation, let him start with it, then perform the prayer afterwards, and not approach the prayer while he is relieving himself."  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «إِذَا حَضَرَتِ الصَّلَاةُ وَكَانَ بِأَحَدِكُمُ الْغَائِطُ فَلْيَبْدَأْ بِهِ ثُمَّ لِيُصَلِّ بَعْدُ وَلَا يَأْتِي الصَّلَاةَ وَهُوَ يُدَافِعُ»  

[Machine] Narrated Al-Qa'naby: Dawood ibn Qays related to us, and Is'haq ibn Ibrahim Al-Dabary related to us, from Abdul Razzaq, from Dawood ibn Qays who said: I heard Ubaidullah ibn Abdullah ibn Aqram narrating from his father that they were with his father in Al-Qa'a from Namirah, and a group of riders passed by. They grazed their camels near us on the side of the road. He said to me, "O my son, be with our camels until I approach these riders." He said, so we approached them and I came with him, and the prayer was established, and behold, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was among them. So I would look at the armpit hair of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ whenever he prostrated.  

حَدَّثَنَا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا دَاوُدُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ ح وَحَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الدَّبَرِيُّ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ عَنْ دَاوُدَ بْنِ قَيْسٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عُبَيْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَقْرَمَ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّهُ كَانَ مَعَ أَبِيهِ بِالْقَاعِ مِنْ نَمِرَةَ فَمَرَّ بِنَا رَكْبٌ فَأَنَاخُوا بِنَاحِيَةِ الطَّرِيقِ فَقَالَ لِي أَيْ بُنَيَّ كُنْ فِي بُهْمِنَا حَتَّى أَدْنُوَ مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ الرَّكْبِ قَالَ فَدَنَا مِنْهُمْ وَدَنَوْتُ مَعَهُ فَأُقِيمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَإِذَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِيهِمْ فَكُنْتُ أَنْظُرُ إِلَى عُفْرَةِ إِبْطَيْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ كُلَّمَا سَجَدَ  

[Machine] I was part of the delegation that came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ from the tribe of Abdul Qais, but I was not with them. I came with my father, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prohibited drinking from the vessels that you have heard of, such as the water-skin, the gourd, the pitcher, and the flask.  

كُنْتُ فِي الْوَفْدِ الَّذِينَ أَتَوْا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ عَبْدِ الْقَيْسِ وَلَسْتُ مَعَهُمْ إِنَّمَا جِئْتُ مَعَ أَبِي وَنَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَنِ الشُّرْبِ فِي الْأَوْعِيَةِ الَّتِي سَمِعْتُمُ الدُّبَّاءِ وَالْحَنْتَمِ وَالنَّقِيرِ وَالْمُقَيَّرِ  

[Machine] "The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , prohibited breaking the path that is allowed for Muslims between them, except in cases where breaking a dirham and making it into silver or breaking a dinar and making it into a dirham is necessary."  

«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ تُكْسَرَ سِكَّةُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ الْجَائِزَةُ بَيْنَهُمْ إِلَّا مِنْ بَأْسٍ أَنْ يَكْسِرَ الدِّرْهَمَ فَيَجْعَلُهُ فِضَّةً أَوْ يُكْسَرَ الدِّينَارُ فَيُجْعَلُ دِرْهَمًا»  

On the authority of his father, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade to break the coins of the Muslims current among them except for some defect. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3449)  

«نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْ كَسْرِ سِكَّةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ الْجَائِزَةِ بَيْنَهُمْ إِلَّا مِنْ بَأْسٍ»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "When one of you buys meat, let him increase its broth, for if one of you does not get meat, he will receive broth, and it is part of the two meats."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «إِذَا اشْتَرَى أَحَدُكُمْ لَحْمًا فَلْيُكْثِرْ مَرَقَهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ يُصِبْ أَحَدُكُمْ لَحْمًا أَصَابَ مَرَقًا وَهُوَ أَحَدُ اللَّحْمَيْنِ»