38. Sūrat Ṣād

٣٨۔ سُورَةُ ص

38.9 Story of the creation of Adam and disobedience of Iblīs (Satan).

٣٨۔٩ مقطع في سُورَةُ ص

quran:38:71

˹So mention˺ when your Lord said to the angels, "Indeed, I am going to create a human being from clay.  

Mention, when your Lord said to the angels, ‘Indeed I am about to create a human being out of clay, and this was Adam.
القرآن:٣٨:٧١

إِذْ قَالَ رَبُّكَ لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ إِنِّي خَالِقٌ بَشَرًا مِنْ طِينٍ  

اذكر {إذ قال ربك للملائكة إني خالق بشرا من طين} هو آدم.
quran:38:72

So when I have proportioned him and breathed into him of My ˹created˺ soul, then fall down to him in prostration."  

So when I have proportioned him, completed him, and breathed in him, ˹when I have˺ caused to flow ˹therein˺, My spirit, so that he becomes a living ˹being˺ — the addition of ‘the spirit’ to Adam is an honour for him; the ‘spirit’ is a subtle body that gives life to a human being by permeating him — then fall down in prostration before him!’ — a prostration of salutation ˹that is actually˺ a bow.
القرآن:٣٨:٧٢

فَإِذَا سَوَّيْتُهُ وَنَفَخْتُ فِيهِ مِنْ رُوحِي فَقَعُوا لَهُ سَاجِدِينَ  

{فإذا سويته} أتمته {ونفخت} أجريت {فيه من روحي} فصار حيا، وإضافة الروح إليه تشريف لآدم والروح جسم لطيف يحيا به الإنسان بنفوذه فيه {فقعوا له ساجدين} سجود تحية بالانحناء.
quran:38:73

So the angels prostrated - all of them entirely.  

Thereat the angels prostrated, all of them together (there are two emphases here ˹kulluhum and ajma‘ūn˺);
القرآن:٣٨:٧٣

فَسَجَدَ الْمَلَائِكَةُ كُلُّهُمْ أَجْمَعُونَ  

{فسجد الملائكة كلهم أجمعون} فيه تأكيدان.
quran:38:74

Except Iblees; he was arrogant and became among the disbelievers.  

except Iblīs, the father of the jinn, who was among the ˹audience of˺ angels; he was disdainful and he was one of the disbelievers, according to God’s knowledge, exalted be He.
القرآن:٣٨:٧٤

إِلَّا إِبْلِيسَ اسْتَكْبَرَ وَكَانَ مِنَ الْكَافِرِينَ  

{إلا إبليس} هو أبو الجنّ كان بين الملائكة {استكبر وكان من الكافرين} في علم الله تعالى.
quran:38:75

˹Allah˺ said, "O Iblees, what prevented you from prostrating to that which I created with My hands? Were you arrogant ˹then˺, or were you ˹already˺ among the haughty?"  

He said, ‘O Iblīs! What prevents you from prostrating before that which I have created with My own hands?, in other words, whose creation I ˹Myself˺ have undertaken. This ˹in itself˺ is an honour for Adam, as God has ˹Himself˺ undertaken the ˹unmediated˺ creation of all creatures. Are you being arrogant, now, in refraining from prostrating (an interrogative meant as a rebuke); or are you of the exalted?’, of the proud, and have therefore disdained to prostrate yourself, because you are one of them?
القرآن:٣٨:٧٥

قَالَ يَا إِبْلِيسُ مَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تَسْجُدَ لِمَا خَلَقْتُ بِيَدَيَّ ۖ أَسْتَكْبَرْتَ أَمْ كُنْتَ مِنَ الْعَالِينَ  

{قال يا إبليس ما منعك أن تسجد لما خلقت بيديَّ} أي توليت خلقه وهذا تشريف لآدم فإن كل مخلوق تولى الله خلقه {أستكبرت} الآن عن السجود استفهام توبيخ {أم كنت من العالين} المتكبرين فتكبرت عن السجود لكونك منهم.
quran:38:76

He said, "I am better than him. You created me from fire and created him from clay."  

He said, ‘I am better than him. You created me from fire and You created him from clay’.
القرآن:٣٨:٧٦

قَالَ أَنَا خَيْرٌ مِنْهُ ۖ خَلَقْتَنِي مِنْ نَارٍ وَخَلَقْتَهُ مِنْ طِينٍ  

{قال أنا خير منه خلقتني من نار وخلقته من طين}.
quran:38:77

˹Allah˺ said, "Then get out of Paradise, for indeed, you are expelled.  

He said, ‘Then begone hence, that is, from Paradise — or, it is said, ˹begone˺ from the heavens — for you are indeed accursed, outcast.
القرآن:٣٨:٧٧

قَالَ فَاخْرُجْ مِنْهَا فَإِنَّكَ رَجِيمٌ  

{قال فاخرج منها} أي من الجنة، وقيل من السماوات {فإنك رجيم} مطرود.
quran:38:78

And indeed, upon you is My curse until the Day of Recompense."  

And indeed My curse shall be on you until the Day of Judgement’, ˹the Day˺ of Requital.
القرآن:٣٨:٧٨

وَإِنَّ عَلَيْكَ لَعْنَتِي إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ  

{وإن عليك لعنتي إلى يوم الدين} الجزاء.
quran:38:79

He said, "My Lord, then reprieve me until the Day they are resurrected."  

He said, ‘My Lord, then reprieve me until the day when they, mankind, will be raised’.
القرآن:٣٨:٧٩

قَالَ رَبِّ فَأَنْظِرْنِي إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ يُبْعَثُونَ  

{قال رب فأنظرني إلى يوم يبعثون} أي الناس.
quran:38:80

˹Allah˺ said, "So indeed, you are of those reprieved  

He said, ‘Then you will indeed be among the reprieved
القرآن:٣٨:٨٠

قَالَ فَإِنَّكَ مِنَ الْمُنْظَرِينَ  

{قال فإنك من المنظرين}.
quran:38:81

Until the Day of the time well-known."  

until the day of the known time’, the time of the First Blast.
القرآن:٣٨:٨١

إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ الْوَقْتِ الْمَعْلُومِ  

{إلى يوم الوقت المعلوم} وقت النفخة الأولى.
quran:38:82

˹Iblees˺ said, "By your might, I will surely mislead them all  

He said, ‘Now, by Your might, I shall surely pervert them all,
القرآن:٣٨:٨٢

قَالَ فَبِعِزَّتِكَ لَأُغْوِيَنَّهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ  

{قال فبعزتك لأغوينهم أجمعين}.
quran:38:83

Except, among them, Your chosen servants."  

except those servants of Yours among them who will be saved’, namely, the believers.
القرآن:٣٨:٨٣

إِلَّا عِبَادَكَ مِنْهُمُ الْمُخْلَصِينَ  

{إلا عبادك منهم المخلصين} أي المؤمنين.
quran:38:84

˹Allah˺ said, "The truth ˹is My oath˺, and the truth I say -  

He said, ‘So the truth is — and the truth I ˹always˺ speak (read both ˹words˺ in the accusative ˹fa’l-haqqa wa’l-haqqa˺; or with the first in the nominative and the second in the accusative because of the verb ˹aqūlu, ‘I speak’˺ that follows. As for reading the first one in the accusative, this would be on account of the mentioned verb ˹qāla, ‘he said’˺; but it is also said to be on account of its being a verbal noun, the sense being uhiqqu l-haqqa, ‘I establish the truth’; or ˹it is in the accusative by implication˺ if the particle for the oath ˹fa˺ is removed. It ˹the first haqq˺ could also be in the nominative because of its being the subject of a missing predicate, as in fa’l-haqqu minnī, ‘truth ˹comes˺ from Me’. It is also said that ˹the sentence means˺ fa’l-haqqu qasamī, ‘the truth is ˹this˺ oath from Me’, the response to which is the following ˹la-amla’anna …˺) —
القرآن:٣٨:٨٤

قَالَ فَالْحَقُّ وَالْحَقَّ أَقُولُ  

{قال فالحقَّ والحقَّ أقول} بنصبهما ورفع الأول ونصب الثاني، فنصبه بالفعل بعده ونصب الأول، قيل بالفعل المذكور، وقيل على المصدر: أي أحق الحق، وقيل على نزع حرف القسم ورفعه على أنه مبتدأ محذوف الخبر: أي فالحق مني، وقيل فالحق قسمي، وجواب القسم.
quran:38:85

˹That˺ I will surely fill Hell with you and those of them that follow you all together."  

I shall assuredly fill Hell with you, by way of ˹filling it with˺ your progeny, and with whoever of them follows you, that is, of mankind, all together’.
القرآن:٣٨:٨٥

لَأَمْلَأَنَّ جَهَنَّمَ مِنْكَ وَمِمَّنْ تَبِعَكَ مِنْهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ  

{لأملأن جهنم منك} بذريتك {وممن تبعك منهم} أي الناس {أجمعين}.
quran:38:86

Say, ˹O Muhammad˺, "I do not ask you for the Qur'an any payment, and I am not of the pretentious  

Say: ‘I do not ask of you, in return for this, for delivering the Message ˹to you˺, any reward, any fee; nor am I an impostor, so as to make up the Qur’ān myself.
القرآن:٣٨:٨٦

قُلْ مَا أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ أَجْرٍ وَمَا أَنَا مِنَ الْمُتَكَلِّفِينَ  

{قل ما أسألكم عليه} على تبليغ الرسالة {من أجر} جُعل {وما أنا من المتكلفين} المتقولين القرآن من تلقاء نفسي.
quran:38:87

It is but a reminder to the worlds.  

It is only, in other words, the Qur’ān is only, a reminder, an admonition, for all worlds, ˹those of˺ humans, jinn and ˹other˺ rational beings, ˹but˺ excluding the angels.
القرآن:٣٨:٨٧

إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا ذِكْرٌ لِلْعَالَمِينَ  

{إن هو} أي ما القرآن {إلا ذكر} عظة {للعالمين} للإنس والجن والعقلاء دون الملائكة.
quran:38:88

And you will surely know ˹the truth of˺ its information after a time."  

And you will assuredly come to know, O disbelievers of Mecca, its tiding, the news of its truth, in ˹due˺ time’, that is to say, on the Day of Resurrection (‘ilm, ‘knowing’, is here being used in the sense of ‘urf, ‘experience’; the prefixed lām ˹in la-ta‘lamunna, ‘you will assuredly know’˺ is for an implicit oath, in other words ˹what is meant is˺ wa’Llāhi ˹la-ta‘lamunna, ‘By God you will assuredly know’˺). Meccan, except for verses 52, 53 and 54, which are Medinese; it consists of 75 verses, revealed after ˹sūrat˺ Saba’.
القرآن:٣٨:٨٨

وَلَتَعْلَمُنَّ نَبَأَهُ بَعْدَ حِينٍ  

{ولتعلمن} يا كفار مكة {نبأه} خبر صدقه {بعد حين} أي يوم القيامة، وعلم بمعنى: عرف واللام قبلها لام قسم مقدَّر: أي والله.