39. Sūrat al-Zumar

٣٩۔ سُورَةُ الزُّمَر

Qurʾān > Chapter 39 > Section 1
القرآن > كتاب ٣٩ > باب ١

39.1 The polytheists try to justify their worship of saints saying that it may bring them closer to God.

٣٩۔١ مقطع في سُورَةُ الزُّمَر

quran:39:1 – In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

The revelation of the Qur'an is from Allah, the Exalted in Might, the Wise.  

The revelation of the Book, the Qur’ān (tanzīlu’l-kitābi, the subject) is from God (mina’Llāhi, its predicate) the Mighty, in His kingdom, the Wise, in His handiwork.
القرآن:٣٩:١ – بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

تَنْزِيلُ الْكِتَابِ مِنَ اللَّهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْحَكِيمِ  

{تنزيل الكتاب} القرآن مبتدأ {من الله} خبره {العزيز} في ملكه {الحكيم} في صنعه.
quran:39:2 –

Indeed, We have sent down to you the Book, ˹O Muhammad˺, in truth. So worship Allah, ˹being˺ sincere to Him in religion.  

Indeed We have revealed to you, O Muhammad (s), the Book with the truth (bi’l-haqqi is semantically connected to anzalnā, ‘We have revealed’); so worship God, devoting your religion purely to Him, ˹pure˺ of any idolatry, in other words, affirming His Oneness.
القرآن:٣٩:٢ –

إِنَّا أَنْزَلْنَا إِلَيْكَ الْكِتَابَ بِالْحَقِّ فَاعْبُدِ اللَّهَ مُخْلِصًا لَهُ الدِّينَ  

{إنا أنزلنا إليك} يا محمد {الكتاب بالحق} متعلق بأنزل {فاعبد الله مخلصا له الدين} من الشرك: أي موحدا له.
quran:39:3 –

Unquestionably, for Allah is the pure religion. And those who take protectors besides Him ˹say˺, "We only worship them that they may bring us nearer to Allah in position." Indeed, Allah will judge between them concerning that over which they differ. Indeed, Allah does not guide he who is a liar and ˹confirmed˺ disbeliever.  

Surely to God belongs pure religion, none other than Him being deserving of it. And those who take besides Him, the idols ˹as˺, patrons: and they are the disbelievers of Mecca — they say: ‘We only worship them so that they may bring us near to God’ (zulfā, a verbal noun, with the sense of taqrīban, ‘for the sake of nearness’). God will indeed judge between them, and the Muslims, concerning that about which they differ, of religion, and so admit the believers into Paradise, and the disbelievers into the Fire. Truly God does not guide one who is a liar, attributing a child to Him, a disbeliever, worshipping other than God.
القرآن:٣٩:٣ –

أَلَا لِلَّهِ الدِّينُ الْخَالِصُ ۚ وَالَّذِينَ اتَّخَذُوا مِنْ دُونِهِ أَوْلِيَاءَ مَا نَعْبُدُهُمْ إِلَّا لِيُقَرِّبُونَا إِلَى اللَّهِ زُلْفَىٰ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَحْكُمُ بَيْنَهُمْ فِي مَا هُمْ فِيهِ يَخْتَلِفُونَ ۗ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَهْدِي مَنْ هُوَ كَاذِبٌ كَفَّارٌ  

{ألا الله الدين الخالص} لا يستحقه غيره {والذين اتخذوا من دونه} الأصنام {أولياء} وهم كفار مكة قالوا {ما نعبدهم إلا ليقربونا إلى الله زلفى} قربى مصدر بمعنى تقريبا {إن الله يحكم بينهم} وبين المسلمين {في ما هم فيه يختلفون} من أمر الدين فيدخل المؤمنين الجنة، والكافرين النار {إن الله لا يهدي من هو كاذب} في نسبة الولد إليه {كفار} بعبادته غيره الله.
quran:39:4 –

If Allah had intended to take a son, He could have chosen from what He creates whatever He willed. Exalted is He; He is Allah, the One, the Prevailing.  

Had God wanted to take a son — as they allege ˹that He has˺, ‘The Compassionate One has taken ˹to Himself˺ a son’ ˹Q. 19:88˺, He could have chosen from what He has created whatever He willed, and taken it as a child, instead of the angels whom they claim to be God’s daughters, or ˹their claim˺ that ‘Ezra is the son of God’, or that ‘Jesus is the son of God’ ˹cf. Q. 9:30˺. Glory be to Him, in exaltation of Him as being above that He should take a child. He is God, the One, the All-Compelling, over all His creatures.
القرآن:٣٩:٤ –

لَوْ أَرَادَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَتَّخِذَ وَلَدًا لَاصْطَفَىٰ مِمَّا يَخْلُقُ مَا يَشَاءُ ۚ سُبْحَانَهُ ۖ هُوَ اللَّهُ الْوَاحِدُ الْقَهَّارُ  

{لو أراد الله أن يتخذ ولدا} كما قالوا: (اتخذ الرحمن ولدا) {لاصطفى مما يخلق ما يشاء} واتخذه ولدا غير من قالوا الملائكة بنات الله وعزير ابن الله والمسيح ابن الله {سبحانه} تنزيها له عن اتخاذ الولد {هو الله الواحد القهار} لخلقه.
quran:39:5 –

He created the heavens and earth in truth. He wraps the night over the day and wraps the day over the night and has subjected the sun and the moon, each running ˹its course˺ for a specified term. Unquestionably, He is the Exalted in Might, the Perpetual Forgiver.  

He created the heavens and the earth with the truth (bi’l-haqqi is semantically connected to khalaqa, ‘He created’). He turns the night into day, so that it grows, and turns the day into night, so that it grows, and He has disposed the sun and the moon, each running, in its course, for an appointed term, until the Day of Resurrection. Verily it is He Who is the Mighty, Whose way ˹always˺ prevails, Requiter of His enemies, the ˹ever˺ Forgiving, of His friends.
القرآن:٣٩:٥ –

خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ بِالْحَقِّ ۖ يُكَوِّرُ اللَّيْلَ عَلَى النَّهَارِ وَيُكَوِّرُ النَّهَارَ عَلَى اللَّيْلِ ۖ وَسَخَّرَ الشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ ۖ كُلٌّ يَجْرِي لِأَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى ۗ أَلَا هُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْغَفَّارُ  

{خلق السماوات والأرض بالحق} متعلق بخلق {يكوّر} يدخل {الليل على النهار} فيزيد {ويكور النهار} يدخله {على الليل} فيزيد {وسخَّر الشمس والقمر كل يجري} في فلكه {لأجل مسمى} ليوم القيامة {ألا هو العزيز} الغالب على أمره المنتقم من أعدائه {الغفار} لأوليائه.
quran:39:6 –

He created you from one soul. Then He made from it its mate, and He produced for you from the grazing livestock eight mates. He creates you in the wombs of your mothers, creation after creation, within three darknesses. That is Allah, your Lord; to Him belongs dominion. There is no deity except Him, so how are you averted?  

He created you from a single soul, namely, Adam, then made from it its mate, Eve; and He sent down for you of the cattle, ˹of˺ camels, cows, small cattle, sheep and goats, eight kinds, of each kind a male and a female — as He makes clear in sūrat al-An‘ām ˹Q. 6:143f.˺. He creates you in your mothers’ wombs, creation after creation, that is to say, as a sperm-drop, then a blood clot, then a foetus, in a threefold darkness, that is, the darkness of the belly, that of the womb and that of the placenta. That is God, your Lord. To Him belongs ˹all˺ sovereignty. There is no god except Him. Why then are you being turned away?, from worshipping Him to worshipping ˹things˺ other than Him?
القرآن:٣٩:٦ –

خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ نَفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا وَأَنْزَلَ لَكُمْ مِنَ الْأَنْعَامِ ثَمَانِيَةَ أَزْوَاجٍ ۚ يَخْلُقُكُمْ فِي بُطُونِ أُمَّهَاتِكُمْ خَلْقًا مِنْ بَعْدِ خَلْقٍ فِي ظُلُمَاتٍ ثَلَاثٍ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمُ اللَّهُ رَبُّكُمْ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ ۖ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۖ فَأَنَّىٰ تُصْرَفُونَ  

{خلقكم من نفس واحدة} أي آدم {ثم جعل منها زوجها} حواء {وأنزل لكم من الأنعام} الإبل والبقر والغنم الضأن والمعز {ثمانية أزواج} من كلٍ زوجان ذكر وأنثى كما بيّن في سورة الأنعام {يخلقكم في بطون أمهاتكم خلقا من بعد خلق} أي نطفا ثم علقا ثم مضغا {في ظلمات ثلاث} هي ظلمة البطن وظلمة الرحم وظلمة المشيمة {ذلكم الله ربكم له الملك لا إله هو فأنَّى تصرفون} عن عبادته إلى عبادة غيره.