19. Sūrat Maryam

١٩۔ سُورَةُ مَريَم

Qurʾān > Chapter 19 > Section 8
القرآن > كتاب ١٩ > باب ٨

19.8 All prophets of God were Divinely Guided and chosen.

١٩۔٨ مقطع في سُورَةُ مَريَم

quran:19:58 –

Those were the ones upon whom Allah bestowed favor from among the prophets of the descendants of Adam and of those We carried ˹in the ship˺ with Noah, and of the descendants of Abraham and Israel, and of those whom We guided and chose. When the verses of the Most Merciful were recited to them, they fell in prostration and weeping.  

Those (ūlā’ika is the subject) to whom God has been gracious (alladhīna an‘ama’Llāhu ‘alayhim is an adjectival qualification of it ˹of the subject˺) from among the prophets (mina’l-nabīyyīna, an explication of it ˹of the subject˺ functioning like an adjectival qualification in terms of import. That which follows it ˹mina’lnabīyyīna, ‘from among the prophets’˺ up to ˹where˺ the conditional sentence begins, constitutes an adjectival qualification of al-nabīyyīna, ‘the prophets’; and so His saying … ) of the seed of Adam, namely, Idrīs, and of those whom We carried with Noah, in the Ark, namely, Abraham — ˹who is the˺ son of his ˹Noah’s˺ son Shem (Sām) — and of the seed of Abraham, namely, Ishmael, Isaac and Jacob, and, of the seed of, Israel — who is Jacob — namely, Moses, Aaron, Zachariah, John and Jesus, and from among those whom We guided and chose, that is to say, from among their number (the predicate of ūlā’ika, ‘those’, is ˹the following, idhā tutlā …˺) when the signs of the Compassionate One were recited to them, they would fall down prostrating and weeping (these ˹sujjadan and bukīyyan˺ constitute the plural ˹forms˺ of sājid, ‘prostrate’, and bākin, ‘weeping’ ˹respectively˺) in other words ˹what is meant is˺: be ˹you˺ like them (bukiyyun is originally ˹formed from˺ bakūyyin, but the wāw is changed into a yā’ and the damma vowel into a kasra).
القرآن:١٩:٥٨ –

أُولَٰئِكَ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ النَّبِيِّينَ مِنْ ذُرِّيَّةِ آدَمَ وَمِمَّنْ حَمَلْنَا مَعَ نُوحٍ وَمِنْ ذُرِّيَّةِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْرَائِيلَ وَمِمَّنْ هَدَيْنَا وَاجْتَبَيْنَا ۚ إِذَا تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتُ الرَّحْمَٰنِ خَرُّوا سُجَّدًا وَبُكِيًّا ۩  

{أولئك} مبتدأ {الذين أنعم الله عليهم} صفة له {من النبيين} بيان له وهو في معنى الصفة وما بعده إلى جملة الشرط صفة للنبيين فقوله {من ذرية آدم} أي إدريس {وممن حملنا مع نوح} في السفينة أي إبراهيم ابن ابنه سام {ومن ذرية إبراهيم} أي إسماعيل وإسحاق ويعقوب {و} من ذرية {إسرائيل} هو يعقوب أي موسى وهارون وزكريا ويحيى وعيسى {وممن هدينا واجتبينا} أي من جملتهم وخبر أولئك {إذا تتلى عليهم آيات الرحمن خروا سجدا وبكيا} جمع ساجد وباك أي فكونوا مثلهم وأصل بكي بكوي قبلت الواو ياء والضمة كسرة.
quran:19:59 –

But there came after them successors who neglected prayer and pursued desires; so they are going to meet evil -  

But there succeeded after them a posterity who neglected the prayer, by abandoning ˹performance of˺ it, ˹a posterity˺ such as the Jews and the Christians, and followed ˹their˺ lusts, in the way of acts of disobedience. So they shall ˹soon˺ encounter Ghayy — a valley in Hell — that is, they shall fall into it;
القرآن:١٩:٥٩ –

فَخَلَفَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ خَلْفٌ أَضَاعُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَاتَّبَعُوا الشَّهَوَاتِ ۖ فَسَوْفَ يَلْقَوْنَ غَيًّا  

{فخلف من بعدهم خلف أضاعوا الصلاة} بتركها كاليهود والنصارى {واتبعوا الشهوات} من المعاصي {فسوف يلقون غيّا} هو واد في جهنم، أي يقعون فيه.
quran:19:60 –

Except those who repent, believe and do righteousness; for those will enter Paradise and will not be wronged at all.  

whereas those who repent and believe and act righteously — such shall enter Paradise and shall not be wronged, they shall ˹not˺ be diminished, in any way, in their reward;
القرآن:١٩:٦٠ –

إِلَّا مَنْ تَابَ وَآمَنَ وَعَمِلَ صَالِحًا فَأُولَٰئِكَ يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ وَلَا يُظْلَمُونَ شَيْئًا  

{إلا} لكن {من تاب وآمن وعمل صالحا فأولئك يدخلون الجنة ولا يظلمون} ينقصون {شيئا} من ثوابهم.
quran:19:61 –

˹Therein are˺ gardens of perpetual residence which the Most Merciful has promised His servants in the unseen. Indeed, His promise has ever been coming.  

˹they shall enter˺ Gardens of Eden, as ˹a place of˺ residence (jannāti ‘Adnin, substitutes for al-janna, ‘Paradise’) which the Compassionate One has promised to His servants ˹a promise˺ in the Unseen (bi’lghaybi, a circumstantial qualifier, in other words ˹a promise made while˺ they do not see it). Indeed His promise, that is to say, that which He promises, is ever fulfilled, meaning that it always arrives (the original ˹form of ma’tiyyan˺ is ma’tūyun); or ˹what is meant by˺ His promise here is Paradise, to which those deserving of it shall arrive.
القرآن:١٩:٦١ –

جَنَّاتِ عَدْنٍ الَّتِي وَعَدَ الرَّحْمَٰنُ عِبَادَهُ بِالْغَيْبِ ۚ إِنَّهُ كَانَ وَعْدُهُ مَأْتِيًّا  

{جنات عدن} إقامة بدل من الجنة {التي وعد الرحمن عباده بالغيب} حال، أي غائبين عنها {إنه كان وعده} أي موعده {مأتيا} بمعنى آتيا وأصله مأتوي أو موعوده هنا الجنة يأتيه أهله.
quran:19:62 –

They will not hear therein any ill speech - only ˹greetings of˺ peace - and they will have their provision therein, morning and afternoon.  

Therein they shall not hear anything that is trifling, of talk, but, they shall hear, only ˹a greeting of˺ ‘Peace!’, from the angels to them, or from some among them to others. And therein they will have their provision morning and evening, in other words, according to the ˹equivalent˺ measure of these two in the ˹life of this˺ world, since there is no day or night in Paradise, only everlasting light and illumination.
القرآن:١٩:٦٢ –

لَا يَسْمَعُونَ فِيهَا لَغْوًا إِلَّا سَلَامًا ۖ وَلَهُمْ رِزْقُهُمْ فِيهَا بُكْرَةً وَعَشِيًّا  

{لا يسمعون فيها لغوا} من الكلام {إلا} لكن يسمعون {سلاما} من الملائكة عليهم أو من بعضهم على بعض {ولهم رزقهم فيها بكرة وعشيا} أي على قدرهما في الدنيا، وليس في الجنة نهار ولا ليل بل ضوء ونور أبدا.
quran:19:63 –

That is Paradise, which We give as inheritance to those of Our servants who were fearing of Allah.  

That is the Paradise which We shall give as inheritance, ˹which˺ We shall grant and ˹in which˺ We shall lodge, those of Our servants who are God-fearing, through ˹their˺ obedience of Him.
القرآن:١٩:٦٣ –

تِلْكَ الْجَنَّةُ الَّتِي نُورِثُ مِنْ عِبَادِنَا مَنْ كَانَ تَقِيًّا  

{تلك الجنة التي نورث} نعطي وننزل {من عبادنا من كان تقيا} بطاعته، ونزل لما تأخر الوحي أياما وقال النبي ﷺ لجبريل: ما يمنعك أن تزورنا أكثر مما تزورنا؟.
quran:19:64 –

˹Gabriel said˺, "And we ˹angels˺ descend not except by the order of your Lord. To Him belongs that before us and that behind us and what is in between. And never is your Lord forgetful -  

When the Revelation did not come for a number of days, the Prophet (s) said to Gabriel, ‘What prevents you from visiting us more often than you do?’ and so the following was revealed: And We do not descend except by the commandment of your Lord. To Him belongs all that is before us, namely, ahead of us, of the affairs of the Hereafter, and all that is behind us, of the affairs of this world, and all that is between those ˹two˺, namely, all that takes place from this ˹point in˺ time until the coming of the Hour, in other words, to Him belongs knowledge of all of those things. And your Lord is never forgetful, meaning that He is never neglectful of you ˹even˺ when the Revelation is postponed from ˹being sent to˺ you.
القرآن:١٩:٦٤ –

وَمَا نَتَنَزَّلُ إِلَّا بِأَمْرِ رَبِّكَ ۖ لَهُ مَا بَيْنَ أَيْدِينَا وَمَا خَلْفَنَا وَمَا بَيْنَ ذَٰلِكَ ۚ وَمَا كَانَ رَبُّكَ نَسِيًّا  

{وما نتنزل إلا بأمر ربك له ما بين أيدينا} أي أمامنا من أمور الآخرة {وما خلفنا} من أمور الدنيا {وما بين ذلك} أي: ما يكون في هذا الوقت إلى قيام الساعة أي له علم ذلك جمعيه {وما كان ربك نسيّا} بمعنى ناسيا أي: تاركا لك بتأخير الوحي عنك.
quran:19:65 –

Lord of the heavens and the earth and whatever is between them - so worship Him and have patience for His worship. Do you know of any similarity to Him?"  

He is, the Lord, the Owner, of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them. So worship Him and be steadfast in His worship, in other words, ˹continue to˺ perform it patiently. Do you know ˹of˺ anyone who could be His namesake? , ˹anyone˺ named with that ˹same title˺? No!
القرآن:١٩:٦٥ –

رَبُّ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا فَاعْبُدْهُ وَاصْطَبِرْ لِعِبَادَتِهِ ۚ هَلْ تَعْلَمُ لَهُ سَمِيًّا  

هو {ربّ} مالك {السماوات والأرض وما بينهما فاعبده واصطبر لعبادته} أي: اصبر عليها {هل تعلم له سميا} مسمى بذلك؟ لا.