30. Fasting

٣٠۔ كتاب الصوم

30.42 Can somebody else observe Saum instead of the dead?

٣٠۔٤٢ باب مَنْ مَاتَ وَعَلَيْهِ صَوْمٌ

[Machine] And Al-Hassan said, "If thirty men fast from it (the food) for one day, it is permissible."

وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ إِنْ صَامَ عَنْهُ ثَلاَثُونَ رَجُلاً يَوْمًا وَاحِدًا جَازَ.

bukhari:1952Muḥammad b. Khālid > Muḥammad b. Mūsá b. Aʿyan from my father > ʿAmr b. al-Ḥārith > ʿUbaydullāh b. Abū Jaʿfar > Muḥammad b. Jaʿfar > ʿUrwah > ʿĀʾishah

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever died and he ought to have fasted (the missed days of Ramadan) then his guardians must fast on his behalf."

البخاري:١٩٥٢حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُوسَى بْنِ أَعْيَنَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْحَارِثِ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ جَعْفَرٍ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ مَاتَ وَعَلَيْهِ صِيَامٌ صَامَ عَنْهُ وَلِيُّهُ

تَابَعَهُ ابْنُ وَهْبٍ عَنْ عَمْرٍو وَرَوَاهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ أَيُّوبَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ

Fasting on behalf of a deceased relative

bukhari:1953Muḥammad b. ʿAbd al-Raḥīm > Muʿāwiyah b. ʿAmr > Zāʾidah > al-Aʿmash > Muslim al-Baṭīn > Saʿīd b. Jubayr > Ibn ʿAbbās

A man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, “O Messenger of Allah, my mother died while she had a month of fasting due upon her. Should I make it up on her behalf?” He said: “Yes.” He said: “The debt owed to Allah has more right to be fulfilled.”

Sulaiman said: Al-Hakam and Salamah said—while all of us were sitting when Muslim narrated this hadith—“We heard Mujahid mention this from Ibn Abbas ᴿᴬ.” And it is mentioned from Abu Khalid: Al-Amash narrated to us, from Al-Hakam, Muslim al-Batin, and Salamah ibn Kuhayl, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr, Ata, and Mujahid, from Ibn Abbas ᴿᴬ: A woman said to the Prophet ﷺ, “My sister died.” Yahya and Abu Muawiyah said: Al-Amash narrated to us, from Muslim, from Sa'id, from Ibn Abbas ᴿᴬ: A woman said to the Prophet ﷺ, “My mother died.” Ubaydullah said, from Zayd ibn Abi Unaysah, from Al-Hakam, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr, from Ibn Abbas ᴿᴬ: A woman said to the Prophet ﷺ, “My mother died while she had a vowed fast due upon her.” Abu Hariz said: Ikrimah narrated to us, from Ibn Abbas ᴿᴬ: A woman said to the Prophet ﷺ, “My mother died while she had fifteen days of fasting due upon her.”

البخاري:١٩٥٣حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحِيمِ حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو حَدَّثَنَا زَائِدَةُ عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ عَنْ مُسْلِمٍ الْبَطِينِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ قَالَ

جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إِنَّ أُمِّي مَاتَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا صَوْمُ شَهْرٍ، أَفَأَقْضِيهِ عَنْهَا؟ قَالَ: «نَعَمْ». قَالَ: «فَدَيْنُ اللَّهِ أَحَقُّ أَنْ يُقْضَى».

قَالَ سُلَيْمَانُ: فَقَالَ الْحَكَمُ وَسَلَمَةُ، وَنَحْنُ جَمِيعًا جُلُوسٌ حِينَ حَدَّثَ مُسْلِمٌ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ، قَالاَ: سَمِعْنَا مُجَاهِدًا يَذْكُرُ هَذَا عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ. وَيُذْكَرُ عَنْ أَبِي خَالِدٍ: حَدَّثَنَا الأَعْمَشُ عَنِ الْحَكَمِ وَمُسْلِمٍ الْبَطِينِ وَسَلَمَةَ بْنِ كُهَيْلٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ وَعَطَاءٍ وَمُجَاهِدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَتِ امْرَأَةٌ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ: إِنَّ أُخْتِي مَاتَتْ. وَقَالَ يَحْيَى وَأَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ: حَدَّثَنَا الأَعْمَشُ عَنْ مُسْلِمٍ عَنْ سَعِيدٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَتِ امْرَأَةٌ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ: إِنَّ أُمِّي مَاتَتْ. وَقَالَ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَبِي أُنَيْسَةَ عَنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَتِ امْرَأَةٌ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ: إِنَّ أُمِّي مَاتَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا صَوْمُ نَذْرٍ. وَقَالَ أَبُو حَرِيزٍ: حَدَّثَنَا عِكْرِمَةُ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَتِ امْرَأَةٌ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ: مَاتَتْ أُمِّي وَعَلَيْهَا صَوْمُ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْمًا.