Caution: Translations of Quran and Ḥadīth may lead to possible misapplications and misinterpretations. This site is intended for students of sacred knowledge that are proficient in comprehending classical Arabic and have a strong foundation in Islamic sciences. Also note that religious injunctions rely on several aspects beyond what one may glean through reading individual aḥādīth.
bayhaqi:8416[Chain 1] Abū Zakariyyā b. Abū Isḥāq al-Muzakkī And Ghayruh > Abū al-ʿAbbās Muḥammad b. Yaʿqūb > al-Rabīʿ b. Sulaymān > al-Shāfiʿī > Mālik [Chain 2] Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥāfiẓ > Abū al-Naḍr Muḥammad b. Muḥammad b. Yūsuf > ʿUthmān b. Saʿīd > al-Qaʿnabī Fīmā Qaraʾ > Mālik > Ibn Shihāb > Ḥumayd b. ʿAbd al-Raḥman b. ʿAwf > Muʿāwiyah b. Abū Sufyān Yawm ʿĀshūrāʾ ʿĀm Ḥaj / > al-Minbar > Yā Ahl al-Madīnah Ayn ʿUlamāʾukum

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, "Indeed, this day is the day of Ashura, and Allah has not prescribed fasting for you. So whoever wishes to fast, let them fast, and whoever wishes to break their fast, let them break it." This is the wording of the Hadith narrated by Al-Qa'nabi, and Al-Shafi'i added in his narration, "And I am fasting, so whoever wishes, let them fast, and the rest is the same in meaning."  

البيهقي:٨٤١٦أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ الْمُزَكِّي وَغَيْرُهُ قَالُوا ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ أنبأ الرَّبِيعُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ أنبأ الشَّافِعِيُّ أنبأ مَالِكٌ ح وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبُو النَّضْرِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ يُوسُفَ ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ثنا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ فِيمَا قَرَأَ عَلَى مَالِكٍ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ عَامَ حَجَّ وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ يَقُولُ يَا أَهْلَ الْمَدِينَةِ أَيْنَ عُلَمَاؤُكُمْ

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ إِنَّ هَذَا الْيَوْمَ يَوْمُ عَاشُورَاءَ وَلَمْ يَكْتُبِ اللهُ عَلَيْكُمْ صِيَامَهُ فَمَنْ شَاءَ فَلْيَصُمْ وَمَنْ شَاءَ فَلْيُفْطِرْ هَذَا لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ الْقَعْنَبِيِّ وَزَادَ الشَّافِعِيُّ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ وَأَنَا صَائِمٌ وَمَنْ شَاءٌ فَلْيَصُمْ وَالْبَاقِي بِمَعْنَاهُ  

رَوَاهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ عَنِ الْقَعْنَبِيِّ وَأَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنْ مَالِكٍ وَمِنْ أَوْجُهٍ أُخَرَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ وَقَوْلُهُ وَلَمْ يَكْتُبِ اللهُ عَلَيْكُمْ صِيَامَهُ يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ وَاجِبًا قَطُّ؛ لِأَنَّ لَمْ لِلْمَاضِي

See similar narrations below:

Collected by Mālik
malik:18-37Mālik > Ibn Shihāb > Ḥumayd b. ʿAbd al-Raḥman b. ʿAwf > Muʿāwiyah b. Abū Sufyān Yawm ʿĀshūrāʾ ʿĀm Ḥaj / > al-Minbar > Yā Ahl al-Madīnah Ayn ʿUlamāʾukum

Yahya related to me from Malik from Ibn Shihab that Humayd ibn Abd ar-Rahman ibn Awf heard Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan say from the mimbar on the day of Ashura in the year in which he made the hajj, "People of Madina, where are your learned men? I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say about this day, 'This is the day of Ashura, and fasting it has not been prescribed for you. I am fasting it, and whoever of you wants to fast it can do so, and whoever does not want to, does not have to.' "  

مالك:١٨-٣٧وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ عَامَ حَجَّ وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ يَقُولُ يَا أَهْلَ الْمَدِينَةِ أَيْنَ عُلَمَاؤُكُمْ

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ لِهَذَا الْيَوْمِ هَذَا يَوْمُ عَاشُورَاءَ وَلَمْ يُكْتَبْ عَلَيْكُمْ صِيَامُهُ وَأَنَا صَائِمٌ فَمَنْ شَاءَ فَلْيَصُمْ وَمَنْ شَاءَ فَلْيُفْطِرْ