18. Sūrat al-Kahf

١٨۔ سُورَةُ الكهْف

18.11 Similitude of worldly life and its relationship with the life of the Hereafter.

١٨۔١١ مقطع في سُورَةُ الكهْف

quran:18:45

And present to them the example of the life of this world, ˹its being˺ like rain which We send down from the sky, and the vegetation of the earth mingles with it and ˹then˺ it becomes dry remnants, scattered by the winds. And Allah is ever, over all things, Perfect in Ability.  

And strike, draw, for them, your people, the similitude of the life of this world (mathala’l-hayāti’l-dunyā constitutes the first direct object) as water (ka-mā’in, the second direct object) which We send down out from the heaven, and the vegetation of the earth mingles with it, ˹the vegetation˺ multiplies by the sending down of the water; or it is that the water mixes with the vegetation such that it is nourished and flourishes; and it then becomes, the vegetation becomes, chaff, dried up, its ˹various˺ parts ˹broken up˺ in fragments, scattered, strewn and dispersed, by the winds, which then blow it away. The import is: ˹the life of˺ this world is likened to flourishing vegetation which then becomes dry, is broken up and scattered by the winds (a variant reading ˹for riyāh, ‘winds’˺ has rīh). And God is Omnipotent, Powerful, over all things.
القرآن:١٨:٤٥

وَاضْرِبْ لَهُمْ مَثَلَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا كَمَاءٍ أَنْزَلْنَاهُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ فَاخْتَلَطَ بِهِ نَبَاتُ الْأَرْضِ فَأَصْبَحَ هَشِيمًا تَذْرُوهُ الرِّيَاحُ ۗ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ مُقْتَدِرًا  

{واضرب} صير {لهم} لقومك {مثل الحياة الدنيا} مفعول أول {كماء} مفعول ثان {أنزلناه من السماء فاختلط به} تكاثف بسبب نزول الماء {نبات الأرض} أو امتزج الماء بالنبات فَرَوِيَ وَحَسُن {فأصبح} صار النبات {هشيما} يابسا متفرقة أجزاؤه {تذروه} تنثره وتفرقه {الرياح} فتذهب به، المعنى: شبه الدنيا بنبات حسن فيبس فتكسر ففرقته الرياح وفي قراءة الريح {وكان الله على كل شيء مقتدرا} قادرا.
quran:18:46

Wealth and children are ˹but˺ adornment of the worldly life. But the enduring good deeds are better to your Lord for reward and better for ˹one's˺ hope.  

Wealth and children are an adornment of the life of this world, ˹adornment˺ with which one arrays oneself therein. But the enduring things, the righteous deeds — and these are: ‘Glory be to God’ (subhāna’Llāh), ‘Praise be to God’ (al-hāmdu li’Llāh), ‘There is no god but God (lā ilāha illā’Llāh), ‘God is Great’ (Allāhu akbar); some add ˹the following˺ ‘There is no power or strength except in God’ (lā hawla wa-lā quwwata illā bi’Llāh) — ˹these˺ are better with your Lord for reward and better in ˹respect of˺ hope, in other words, ˹they are better˺ in terms of what a person hopes for and desires from God, exalted be He.
القرآن:١٨:٤٦

الْمَالُ وَالْبَنُونَ زِينَةُ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا ۖ وَالْبَاقِيَاتُ الصَّالِحَاتُ خَيْرٌ عِنْدَ رَبِّكَ ثَوَابًا وَخَيْرٌ أَمَلًا  

{المال والبنون زينة الحياة الدنيا} يتجمل بها فيها {والباقيات الصالحات} هي سبحان الله والحمد لله ولا إله إلا الله والله أكبر زاد بعضهم ولا حول ولا قوة إلا بالله {خير عند ربك ثوابا وخير أملاً} أي ما يأمله الإنسان ويرجوه عند الله تعالى.
quran:18:47

And ˹warn of˺ the Day when We will remove the mountains and you will see the earth prominent, and We will gather them and not leave behind from them anyone.  

And, mention, the day when the mountains shall be set in motion — they shall be removed from the face of the earth and become ‘˹as˺ scattered dust’ ˹Q. 56:6˺ (a variant reading ˹for tusayyaru’l-jibālu˺ has nusayyiru’l-jibāla, ‘We shall set the mountains in motion’) and you will see the earth exposed, manifest ˹in full view˺, with no mountain or anything else on top of it. And We shall gather them, believers and disbelievers, such that We will not leave out anyone of them.
القرآن:١٨:٤٧

وَيَوْمَ نُسَيِّرُ الْجِبَالَ وَتَرَى الْأَرْضَ بَارِزَةً وَحَشَرْنَاهُمْ فَلَمْ نُغَادِرْ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدًا  

{و} اذكر {يوم تُسَيَّرُ الجبالُ} نذهب بها عن وجه الأرض فتصير هباء منبثا وفي قراءة بالنون وكسر الياء ونصب الجبال {وترى الأرض بارزة} ظاهرة ليس عليها شيء من جبل ولا غيره {وحشرناهم} المؤمنين والكافرين {فلم نغادر} نترك {منهم أحدا}.
quran:18:48

And they will be presented before your Lord in rows, ˹and He will say˺, "You have certainly come to Us just as We created you the first time. But you claimed that We would never make for you an appointment."  

And they shall be presented before your Lord in ranks (saffan is a circumstantial qualifier) in other words, ranged so that every community is in a row ˹on its own˺, and it shall be said to them: ‘Verily you have come to Us just as We created you the first time, that is to say, individually, barefoot, naked and uncircumcised; and it shall be said to the deniers of the Resurrection: rather you claimed that (a ˹of allan˺ is an, softened in place of the hardened one, in other words ˹it is to be understood as˺ annahu) We would not appoint for you a tryst’, for resurrection.
القرآن:١٨:٤٨

وَعُرِضُوا عَلَىٰ رَبِّكَ صَفًّا لَقَدْ جِئْتُمُونَا كَمَا خَلَقْنَاكُمْ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ ۚ بَلْ زَعَمْتُمْ أَلَّنْ نَجْعَلَ لَكُمْ مَوْعِدًا  

{وعرضوا على ربك صفا} حال أي مصطفين كل أمة صف ويقال لهم {لقد جئتمونا كما خلقناكم أول مرة} أي فرادى حفاة عراة غُرْلاً ويقال لمنكري البعث {بل زعمتم أ} ن مخففة من الثقيلة أي أنه {لن نجعل لكم موعدا} للبعث.
quran:18:49

And the record ˹of deeds˺ will be placed ˹open˺, and you will see the criminals fearful of that within it, and they will say, "Oh, woe to us! What is this book that leaves nothing small or great except that it has enumerated it?" And they will find what they did present ˹before them˺. And your Lord does injustice to no one.  

And the Book shall be set in place, the Book of every man — in his right hand, if ˹he is from˺ among the believers, and in his left hand, if ˹he is from˺ among the disbelievers. And you will see the guilty, the disbelievers, apprehensive, fearful, of what is in it, and they will say, when they observe the evil deeds ˹recorded˺ in it: ‘O (yā is for exclamation) woe to us!, ˹O this is˺ our destruction! (this ˹form waylatanā˺ is a verbal noun, but in this form it cannot be ˹conjugated as˺ a verb) What is it with this Book that it leaves out neither small nor great, from among our sins, but ˹instead it˺ has counted it?’, enumerated it and fixed it ˹in the record˺ — they are stupefied by it in this respect. And they shall find all that they did present, fixed ˹in writing˺ in their ˹individual˺ Book. And your Lord does not wrong anyone, He does not punish him ˹if he is˺ without guilt, nor does He diminish ˹anything of˺ the reward of a believer.
القرآن:١٨:٤٩

وَوُضِعَ الْكِتَابُ فَتَرَى الْمُجْرِمِينَ مُشْفِقِينَ مِمَّا فِيهِ وَيَقُولُونَ يَا وَيْلَتَنَا مَالِ هَٰذَا الْكِتَابِ لَا يُغَادِرُ صَغِيرَةً وَلَا كَبِيرَةً إِلَّا أَحْصَاهَا ۚ وَوَجَدُوا مَا عَمِلُوا حَاضِرًا ۗ وَلَا يَظْلِمُ رَبُّكَ أَحَدًا  

{ووضع الكتاب} كتاب كل امرئ في يمينه من المؤمنين وفي شماله من الكافرين {فترى المجرمين} الكافرين {مشفقين} خائفين {مما فيه ويقولن} عند معاينتهم ما فيه من السيئات {يا} للتنبيه {ويلتنا} هلكتنا وهو مصدر لا فعل له من لفظه {ما لهذا الكتاب لا يغادر صغيرة ولا كبيرة} من ذنوبنا {إلا أحصاها} عدها وأثبتها تعجبوا منه في ذلك {ووجدوا ما عملوا حاضرا} مثبتا في كتابهم {ولا يظلم ربك أحدا} لا يعاقبه بغير جرم ولا ينقص من ثواب مؤمن.