18. Sūrat al-Kahf

١٨۔ سُورَةُ الكهْف

Qurʾān > Chapter 18 > Section 15
القرآن > كتاب ١٨ > باب ١٥

18.15 The Prophet Moses could not resist questioning Khidhr when he made a hole in the boat, and when he killed a boy with no apparent reason.

١٨۔١٥ مقطع في سُورَةُ الكهْف

quran:18:71 –

So they set out, until when they had embarked on the ship, al-Khidh r tore it open. ˹Moses˺ said, "Have you torn it open to drown its people? You have certainly done a grave thing."  

So they set off, making their way on foot along the coast of the sea, until, when they embarked on the ship, which was carrying them, he, al-Khidr, made a hole in it, by destroying a plank or two on the starboard side with an axe after they had sailed into deep waters. Said he, Moses, to him, ‘Did you make a hole in it to drown its people? (li-tughriqa ahlahā, ‘for you to drown its people’; a variant reading has li-yaghraqa ahluhā, ‘so that its people might drown’). You have certainly done a dreadful thing’, that is, a grave and reprehensible thing — it is reported that the water did not ˹actually˺ penetrate it.
القرآن:١٨:٧١ –

فَانْطَلَقَا حَتَّىٰ إِذَا رَكِبَا فِي السَّفِينَةِ خَرَقَهَا ۖ قَالَ أَخَرَقْتَهَا لِتُغْرِقَ أَهْلَهَا لَقَدْ جِئْتَ شَيْئًا إِمْرًا  

{فانطلقا} يمشيان على البحر {حتى إذا ركبا في السفينة} التي مرت بهما {خرقها} الخضر بأن اقتلع لوحا أو لوحين منها من جهة البحر بفأس لما بلغت اللجج {قال} له موسى {اخرقتها لتغرق أهلها} وفي قراءة بفتح التحتانية والراء ورفع أهلها {لقد جئت شيئا إمرا} أي عظيما منكرا روي أن الماء لم يدخلها.
quran:18:72 –

˹Al-Khidh r˺ said, "Did I not say that with me you would never be able to have patience?"  

He said, ‘Did I not say ˹that˺ you would not be able to bear with me?’
القرآن:١٨:٧٢ –

قَالَ أَلَمْ أَقُلْ إِنَّكَ لَنْ تَسْتَطِيعَ مَعِيَ صَبْرًا  

{قال ألم أقل إنك لن تستطيع معي صبرا}.
quran:18:73 –

˹Moses˺ said, "Do not blame me for what I forgot and do not cover me in my matter with difficulty."  

He said, ‘Do not take me to task on account of that which I forgot, that is, ˹on account of the fact that˺ I was not mindful of submitting to you ˹in the matter˺ and of refraining from showing disapproval of your actions, and do not exhaust me, ˹do not˺ charge me, in this affair of mine with difficulty’, ˹with˺ hardship during my companionship of you, in other words, treat me throughout it with forgiveness and indulgence.
القرآن:١٨:٧٣ –

قَالَ لَا تُؤَاخِذْنِي بِمَا نَسِيتُ وَلَا تُرْهِقْنِي مِنْ أَمْرِي عُسْرًا  

{قال لا تؤاخذني بما نسيت} أي غفلت عن التسليم لك وترك الانكار عليك {ولا ترهقني} تكلفني {من أمري عسرا} مشقة في صحبتي إياك أي عاملني فيها بالعفو واليسر.
quran:18:74 –

So they set out, until when they met a boy, al-Khidh r killed him. ˹Moses˺ said, "Have you killed a pure soul for other than ˹having killed˺ a soul? You have certainly done a deplorable thing."  

So they set off, after leaving the ship, making their way on foot, until, when they met a boy, who had not yet reached puberty, playing with ˹other˺ boys, among whom his face was the fairest — and he, al-Khidr, slew him, by slitting his throat with a knife while he lay down, or by tearing his head off with his hand, or by smashing his head against a wall, all of which are ˹different˺ opinions (the coordinating fā’ ˹of fa-qatalahu, ‘and he slew him’˺ is used here because ˹it indicates that˺ the slaying took place after the encounter; the response to idhā, ‘when’ is ˹the following statement, qāla …˺) — he, Moses, said, to him: ‘Have you slain an innocent soul, that is, a pure one that had not reached the age of ˹legal˺ responsibility (a variant reading ˹for zākiya˺ has zakiyya), ˹one slain˺ not in retaliation for another soul?, in other words, one that has not slain any soul. Verily you have committed an dreadful thing’ (read nukran or nukuran), that is to say, an abomination.
القرآن:١٨:٧٤ –

فَانْطَلَقَا حَتَّىٰ إِذَا لَقِيَا غُلَامًا فَقَتَلَهُ قَالَ أَقَتَلْتَ نَفْسًا زَكِيَّةً بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ لَقَدْ جِئْتَ شَيْئًا نُكْرًا  

{فانطلقا} بعد خروجهما من السفينة يمشيان {حتى إذا لقيا غلاما} لم يبلغ الحنث يلعب مع الصبيان أحسنهم وجها {فقتله} الخضر بأن ذبحه بالسكين مضطجعا أو اقتلع رأسه بيده أو ضرب رأسه بالجدار، أقوال وأتى هنا بالفاء العاطفة لأن القتل عقب اللقاء وجواب إذا {قال} له موسى {أقتلت نفسا زاكية} أي طاهرة لم تبلغ حد التكليف وفي قراءة زكية بتشديد الياء بلا ألف {بغير نفس} أي لم تقتل نفسا {لقد جئت شيئا نكرا} بسكون الكاف وضمها أي منكرا.