15. Sūrat al-Ḥijr

١٥۔ سُورَةُ الحِجْر

15.4 Story of Adam's creation; prostration of the angels before him and Satan's refusal to prostrate. Satan and his followers are destined for hell.

١٥۔٤ مقطع في سُورَةُ الحِجْر

quran:15:26

And We did certainly create man out of clay from an altered black mud.  

And verily We created man, Adam, out of a dry ˹clinking˺ clay, that gives off a clinking sound when it is tapped, of malleable mud, black ˹mud˺.
القرآن:١٥:٢٦

وَلَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا الْإِنْسَانَ مِنْ صَلْصَالٍ مِنْ حَمَإٍ مَسْنُونٍ  

{ولقد خلقنا الإنسان} آدم {من صلصال} طين يابس يسمع له صلصلة إذا نقر {من حمأ} طين أسود {مسنون} متغير.
quran:15:27

And the jinn We created before from scorching fire.  

And the jānn, the father of the jinn, namely, Iblīs, We created beforehand — that is, before the creation of Adam — out of the permeative fire, a smokeless fire that can escape through openings.
القرآن:١٥:٢٧

وَالْجَانَّ خَلَقْنَاهُ مِنْ قَبْلُ مِنْ نَارِ السَّمُومِ  

{والجان} أبا الجان وهو إبليس {خلقناه من قبل} أي قبل خلق آدم {من نار السموم} هي نار لا دخان لها تنفذ من المسام.
quran:15:28

And ˹mention, O Muhammad˺, when your Lord said to the angels, "I will create a human being out of clay from an altered black mud.  

And, mention, when your Lord said to the angels, ‘Indeed I am going to create a mortal out of a dry clay ˹drawn˺ from a malleable mud.
القرآن:١٥:٢٨

وَإِذْ قَالَ رَبُّكَ لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ إِنِّي خَالِقٌ بَشَرًا مِنْ صَلْصَالٍ مِنْ حَمَإٍ مَسْنُونٍ  

{و} اذكر {إذ قال ربك للملائكة إني خالق بشرا من صلصال من حمأ مسنون}.
quran:15:29

And when I have proportioned him and breathed into him of My ˹created˺ soul, then fall down to him in prostration."  

So, when I have proportioned him, completed him, and breathed, caused to flow, of My Spirit in him, so that he becomes a living thing — the annexation of ‘the Spirit’ to him is a conferring of honour upon Adam — fall down in prostration before him!’, a prostration ˹meant as an act˺ of salutation by bowing.
القرآن:١٥:٢٩

فَإِذَا سَوَّيْتُهُ وَنَفَخْتُ فِيهِ مِنْ رُوحِي فَقَعُوا لَهُ سَاجِدِينَ  

{فإذا سويته} أتممته {ونفخت} أجريت {فيه من روحي} فصار حيا وإضافة الروح إليه تشريف لآدم {فقعوا له ساجدين} سجود تحية بالانحناء.
quran:15:30

So the angels prostrated - all of them entirely,  

And so the angels prostrated, all of them together (kulluhum ajma‘ūn contains two elements of emphasis),
القرآن:١٥:٣٠

فَسَجَدَ الْمَلَائِكَةُ كُلُّهُمْ أَجْمَعُونَ  

{فسجد الملائكة كلهم أجمعون} فيه تأكيدان.
quran:15:31

Except Iblees, he refused to be with those who prostrated.  

except Iblīs, the father of the jinn — he was ˹standing˺ among the angels: he refused to be among those prostrating.
القرآن:١٥:٣١

إِلَّا إِبْلِيسَ أَبَىٰ أَنْ يَكُونَ مَعَ السَّاجِدِينَ  

{إلا إبليس} هو أبو الجن كان بين الملائكة {أبى} امتنع من {أن يكون مع الساجدين}.
quran:15:32

˹Allah˺ said, O Iblees, what is ˹the matter˺ with you that you are not with those who prostrate?"  

He, ˹God˺ exalted be He: ‘O Iblīs what is wrong with you, what prevents you, that you are not among those prostrating?’
القرآن:١٥:٣٢

قَالَ يَا إِبْلِيسُ مَا لَكَ أَلَّا تَكُونَ مَعَ السَّاجِدِينَ  

{قال} تعالى {يا إبليس مالك} ما منعك {أ} ن {لا} زائدة {تكون مع الساجدين}.
quran:15:33

He said, "Never would I prostrate to a human whom You created out of clay from an altered black mud."  

Said he, ‘I was not about to prostrate myself, I should not prostrate myself, before a mortal whom You have created out of a dry clay ˹drawn˺ from malleable mud’.
القرآن:١٥:٣٣

قَالَ لَمْ أَكُنْ لِأَسْجُدَ لِبَشَرٍ خَلَقْتَهُ مِنْ صَلْصَالٍ مِنْ حَمَإٍ مَسْنُونٍ  

{قال لم أكن لأسجد} لا ينبغي لي أن أسجد {لبشر خلقته من صلصال من حمأ مسنون}.
quran:15:34

˹Allah˺ said, "Then get out of it, for indeed, you are expelled.  

Said He, ‘Then be gone from hence, that is, from the Garden — but it is also said, from the heavens — for you are indeed accursed, outcast.
القرآن:١٥:٣٤

قَالَ فَاخْرُجْ مِنْهَا فَإِنَّكَ رَجِيمٌ  

{قال فاخرج منها} أي الجنة وقيل من السماوات {فإنك رجيم} مطرود.
quran:15:35

And indeed, upon you is the curse until the Day of Recompense."  

And indeed the curse shall rest upon you until the Day of Judgement’, ˹the Day˺ of Requital.
القرآن:١٥:٣٥

وَإِنَّ عَلَيْكَ اللَّعْنَةَ إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ  

{وإن عليك اللعنة إلى يوم الدين} الجزاء.
quran:15:36

He said, "My Lord, then reprieve me until the Day they are resurrected."  

Said he, ‘My Lord! Reprieve me until the day when they, mankind, shall be resurrected’.
القرآن:١٥:٣٦

قَالَ رَبِّ فَأَنْظِرْنِي إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ يُبْعَثُونَ  

{قال رب فأنظرني إلى يوم يبعثون} أي الناس.
quran:15:37

˹Allah˺ said, "So indeed, you are of those reprieved  

Said He, ‘Then lo! you are of those reprieved,
القرآن:١٥:٣٧

قَالَ فَإِنَّكَ مِنَ الْمُنْظَرِينَ  

{قال فإنك من المنظرين}.
quran:15:38

Until the Day of the time well-known."  

until the day of the known time’, the time of ˹the blowing of˺ the First Trumpet.
القرآن:١٥:٣٨

إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ الْوَقْتِ الْمَعْلُومِ  

{إلى يوم الوقت المعلوم} وقت النفخة الأولى.
quran:15:39

˹Iblees˺ said, "My Lord, because You have put me in error, I will surely make ˹disobedience˺ attractive to them on earth, and I will mislead them all  

Said he, ‘My Lord, because You have lead me astray (bi-mā, ‘because’, the bi- is for oaths, the response for which is ˹what follows˺) I shall adorn for them ˹evil acts˺, acts of disobedience, in the earth and I shall lead them astray, all of them;
القرآن:١٥:٣٩

قَالَ رَبِّ بِمَا أَغْوَيْتَنِي لَأُزَيِّنَنَّ لَهُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلَأُغْوِيَنَّهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ  

{قال ربّ بما أغويتني} أي بإغوائك لي والباء للقسم وجوابه {لأزيِّنَنَّ لهم في الأرض} المعاصي {ولأغوينهم أجمعين},
quran:15:40

Except, among them, Your chosen servants."  

except those servants of Yours who are sincerely devoted ˹to You˺’, namely, believers.
القرآن:١٥:٤٠

إِلَّا عِبَادَكَ مِنْهُمُ الْمُخْلَصِينَ  

{إلا عبادك منهم المخلصين} أي المؤمنين.
quran:15:41

˹Allah˺ said, "This is a path ˹of return˺ to Me ˹that is˺ straight.  

He, ˹God˺ exalted be He, said, ‘This is a straight path ˹leading˺ to Me,
القرآن:١٥:٤١

قَالَ هَٰذَا صِرَاطٌ عَلَيَّ مُسْتَقِيمٌ  

{قال} تعالى {هذا صراط عليَّ مستقيم}.
quran:15:42

Indeed, My servants - no authority will you have over them, except those who follow you of the deviators.  

in other words, truly over My servants, that is, believers, you shall have no warrant, ˹no˺ power, except those who follow you from among the perverse, the disbelievers.
القرآن:١٥:٤٢

إِنَّ عِبَادِي لَيْسَ لَكَ عَلَيْهِمْ سُلْطَانٌ إِلَّا مَنِ اتَّبَعَكَ مِنَ الْغَاوِينَ  

وهو {إن عبادي} أي المؤمنين {ليس لك عليهم سلطان} قوة {إلا} لكن {من اتبعك من الغاوين} الكافرين.
quran:15:43

And indeed, Hell is the promised place for them all.  

And truly Hell shall be their tryst, all of them, that is, all those who follow you, shall be with you ˹in Hell˺.
القرآن:١٥:٤٣

وَإِنَّ جَهَنَّمَ لَمَوْعِدُهُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ  

{وإن جهنم لموعدهم أجمعين} أي من اتبعك معك.
quran:15:44

It has seven gates; for every gate is of them a portion designated."  

It has seven gates, ˹seven˺ layers — to each gate, therein, belongs an appointed portion, lot, of them.
القرآن:١٥:٤٤

لَهَا سَبْعَةُ أَبْوَابٍ لِكُلِّ بَابٍ مِنْهُمْ جُزْءٌ مَقْسُومٌ  

{لها سبعة أبواب} أطباق {لكل باب} منها {منهم جزء} نصيب {مقسوم}.