ذِكْرُ الْعِلَّةِ الَّتِي مِنْ أَجَلِهَا زُجِرَ عَنِ الصَّوْمِ فِي النِّصْفِ الْأَخِيرِ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ

"I entered upon 'Ikrimah on the day concerning which there was doubt as to whether it was Ramadan or Shaban, and he was eating bread, vegetables and milk. He said: 'Come and eat.' I said: 'I am fasting.' He adjured me by Allah to break my fast. I said Subhan-Allah twice. When I saw that he was insisting, I went forward and said: 'Give me what you have.' He said: 'I heard Ibn 'Abbas say: The Messenger of Allah said: 'Fast when you see it (the crescent) and stop fasting when you see it, and if clouds or darkness prevent you from seeing it, then complete the number of days of Shaban, and do not fast ahead of the month, and do not join Ramadan to a day of Shaban." '  

دَخَلْتُ عَلَى عِكْرِمَةَ فِي يَوْمٍ قَدْ أُشْكِلَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ هُوَ أَمْ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ وَهُوَ يَأْكُلُ خُبْزًا وَبَقْلاً وَلَبَنًا فَقَالَ لِي هَلُمَّ فَقُلْتُ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ قَالَ وَحَلَفَ بِاللَّهِ لَتُفْطِرَنَّ قُلْتُ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ مَرَّتَيْنِ فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُهُ يَحْلِفُ لاَ يَسْتَثْنِي تَقَدَّمْتُ قُلْتُ هَاتِ الآنَ مَا عِنْدَكَ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ صُومُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ وَأَفْطِرُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ فَإِنْ حَالَ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُ سَحَابَةٌ أَوْ ظُلْمَةٌ فَأَكْمِلُوا الْعِدَّةَ عِدَّةَ شَعْبَانَ وَلاَ تَسْتَقْبِلُوا الشَّهْرَ اسْتِقْبَالاً وَلاَ تَصِلُوا رَمَضَانَ بِيَوْمٍ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ  

"I entered upon 'Ikrimah on the day concerning which there was doubt as to whether it was Ramadan or Shaban, and he was eating bread, vegetables and milk. He said: 'Come and eat.' I said: 'I am fasting.' He adjured me by Allah to break my fast. I said Subhan-Allah twice. When I saw that he was insisting, I went forward and said: 'Give me what you have.' He said: 'I heard Ibn 'Abbas say: The Messenger of Allah said: 'Fast when you see it (the crescent) and stop fasting when you see it, and if clouds or darkness prevent you from seeing it, then complete the number of days of Shaban, and do not fast ahead of the month, and do not join Ramadan to a day of Shaban." ' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 2189)   

أَصْبَحْتُ فِي يَوْمٍ قَدْ أُشْكِلَ عَلَيَّ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ أَوْ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَأَصْبَحْتُ صَائِمًا فَأَتَيْتُ عِكْرِمَةَ فَإِذَا هُوَ يَأْكُلُ خُبْزًا وَبَقْلًا فَقَالَ هَلُمَّ إِلَى الْغَدَاءِ فَقُلْتُ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ فَقَالَ أُقْسِمُ بِاللَّهِ لَتُفْطِرَنَّ فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُهُ حَلَفَ وَلَا يَسْتَثْنِي تَقَدَّمْتُ فَعَذَّرْتُ وَإِنَّمَا تَسَحَّرْتُ قُبَيْلَ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ قُلْتُ هَاتِ الْآنَ مَا عِنْدَكَ فَقَالَ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «صُومُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ وَأَفْطِرُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ فَإِنْ حَالَ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُ سَحَابٌ فَكَمِّلُوا الْعِدَّةَ ثَلَاثِينَ وَلَا تَسْتَقْبِلُوا الشَّهْرَ اسْتِقْبَالًا»  

[Machine] I entered upon Ikrimah on the day where there was uncertainty about Ramadan, and he was eating. So he said, "Come closer and eat." I said, "Indeed, I am fasting." He said, "By Allah, you will still eat." I said, "Inform me then." He said, "Ibn Abbas narrated to me that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Do not fast until you see the month (i.e., the crescent moon), and do not break your fast until you see it. But if it is cloudy or overcast and you cannot see it, then complete the count of thirty days.'"  

دَخَلْتُ عَلَى عِكْرِمَةَ فِي الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي يُشَكُّ فِيهِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ وَهُوَ يَأْكُلُ فَقَالَ ادْنُ فَكُلْ قُلْتُ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ قَالَ وَاللَّهِ لَتَدْنُوَنَّ قُلْتُ فَحَدِّثْنِي قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «لَا تَسْتَقْبِلُوا الشَّهْرَ اسْتِقْبَالًا صُومُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ وَأَفْطِرُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ فَإِنْ حَالَ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَ مَنْظَرِهِ سَحَابَةٌ أَوْ قَتَرَةٌ فَأَكْمِلُوا الْعِدَّةَ ثَلَاثِينَ يَوْمًا»