The Prophet ﷺ said: Judges are of three types, one of whom will go to Paradise and two to Hell. The one who will go to Paradise is a man who knows what is right and gives judgment accordingly; but a man who knows what is right and acts tyrannically in his judgment will go to Hell; and a man who gives judgment for people when he is ignorant will go to Hell. Abu Dawud said: On this subject this is the soundest tradition, that is, the tradition of Ibn Buraidah: Judges are of three types.

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ الْقُضَاةُ ثَلاَثَةٌ وَاحِدٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَاثْنَانِ فِي النَّارِ فَأَمَّا الَّذِي فِي الْجَنَّةِ فَرَجُلٌ عَرَفَ الْحَقَّ فَقَضَى بِهِ وَرَجُلٌ عَرَفَ الْحَقَّ فَجَارَ فِي الْحُكْمِ فَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ وَرَجُلٌ قَضَى لِلنَّاسِ عَلَى جَهْلٍ فَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ

"The judges are three: Two judges that are in the Fire, and a judge that is in Paradise. A man who judges without the truth, and he knows that. This one is in the Fire. One who judges while not knowing, ruining the rights of the people. So he is in the Fire. A judge who judges with the truth, that is the one in Paradise."] (Daif)

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ الْقُضَاةُ ثَلاَثَةٌ قَاضِيَانِ فِي النَّارِ وَقَاضٍ فِي الْجَنَّةِ رَجُلٌ قَضَى بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ فَعَلِمَ ذَاكَ فَذَاكَ فِي النَّارِ وَقَاضٍ لاَ يَعْلَمُ فَأَهْلَكَ حُقُوقَ النَّاسِ فَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ وَقَاضٍ قَضَى بِالْحَقِّ فَذَلِكَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ

“Were it not for the Hadith of Ibn Buraidah from his father, from the Prophet ﷺ who said: 'Judges are of three types, two of whom will be in Hell and one will be in Paradise. The man who knows the truth and rules in accordance with it, will be in Paradise. The man who passes judgment on the people in ignorance will be in Hell' - we would have said that if the judge does his best he will be in Paradise.”

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ الْقُضَاةُ ثَلاَثَةٌ اثْنَانِ فِي النَّارِ وَوَاحِدٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ رَجُلٌ عَلِمَ الْحَقَّ فَقَضَى بِهِ فَهُوَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَرَجُلٌ قَضَى لِلنَّاسِ عَلَى جَهْلٍ فَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ وَرَجُلٌ جَارَ فِي الْحُكْمِ فَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ لَقُلْنَا إِنَّ الْقَاضِيَ إِذَا اجْتَهَدَ فَهُوَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ

[AI] Narrated by the Prophet, peace be upon him, the judges are of three types: two judges in Hellfire and one judge in Paradise. The judge who recognizes the truth and judges accordingly will be in Paradise. The judge who recognizes the truth but unfairly rules against it will be in Hellfire. And the judge who rules without knowledge will also be in Hellfire.

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ الْقُضَاةُ ثَلَاثَةٌ قَاضِيَانِ فِي النَّارِ وَقَاضٍ فِي الْجَنَّةِ قَاضٍ عَرَفَ الْحَقَّ فَقَضَى بِهِ فَهُوَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَقَاضٍ عَرَفَ الْحَقَّ فَجَارَ مُتَعَمِّدًا فَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ وَقَاضٍ قَضَى بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ فَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ

[AI] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There are two judges in Hell and one judge in Paradise. The judge who judged with justice will be in Paradise, and the judge who judged with injustice will be in Hell, and the judge who judged in ignorance will also be in Hell." They asked, "What is the sin of the one who judges in ignorance?" He replied, "His sin is that he should not be a judge until he knows." (Narrated by Muslim)

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «قَاضِيَانِ فِي النَّارِ وَقَاضٍ فِي الْجَنَّةِ قَاضٍ قَضَى بِالْحَقِّ فَهُوَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَقَاضٍ قَضَى بِجَوْرٍ فَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ وَقَاضٍ قَضَى بِجَهْلِهِ فَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ» قَالُوا فَمَا ذَنْبُ هَذَا الَّذِي يَجْهَلُ قَالَ «ذَنْبُهُ أَنْ لَا يَكُونَ قَاضِيًا حَتَّى يَعْلَمَ» على شرط مسلم

"The judges are three: Two judges that are in the Fire, and a judge that is in Paradise. A man who judges without the truth, and he knows that. This one is in the Fire. One who judges while not knowing, ruining the rights of the people. So he is in the Fire. A judge who judges with the truth, that is the one in Paradise."] (Daif) (Using translation from Tirmidhī 1322)

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «الْقُضَاةُ ثَلَاثَةٌ قَاضِيَانِ فِي النَّارِ وَقَاضٍ فِي الْجَنَّةِ قَاضٍ قَضَى بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ وَهُوَ يَعْلَمُ فَذَاكَ فِي النَّارِ وَقَاضٍ قَضَى وَهُوَ لَا يَعْلَمُ فَأَهْلَكَ حُقُوقَ النَّاسِ فَذَلِكَ فِي النَّارِ وَقَاضٍ قَضَى بِالْحَقِّ فَذَاكَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ»

“Were it not for the Hadith of Ibn Buraidah from his father, from the Prophet ﷺ who said: 'Judges are of three types, two of whom will be in Hell and one will be in Paradise. The man who knows the truth and rules in accordance with it, will be in Paradise. The man who passes judgment on the people in ignorance will be in Hell' - we would have said that if the judge does his best he will be in Paradise.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2315)

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ لَقُلْتُ إِنَّ الْقَاضِيَ إِذَا اجْتَهَدَ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ وَلَكِنْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «الْقُضَاةُ ثَلَاثَةٌ اثْنَانِ فِي النَّارِ وَوَاحِدٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ رَجُلٌ عَرَفَ الْحَقَّ فَقَضَى بِهِ فَهُوَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَرَجُلٌ عَرَفَ الْحَقَّ فَلَمْ يَقْضِ بِهِ وَجَارَ فِي الْحُكْمِ فَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ وَرَجُلٌ لَمْ يَعْرِفِ الْحَقَّ فَقَضَى لِلنَّاسِ عَنْ جَهْلٍ فَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ»

[AI] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There are three types of judges: two in Hellfire and one in Paradise. The man who knows the truth and judges accordingly is in Paradise. The man who judges among people out of ignorance is in Hellfire. And the man who knows the truth but acts unjustly is in Hellfire. We say that when a judge strives to reach a verdict, he is not held accountable. The scholar, may Allah have mercy on him, said, 'His effort without knowledge will not guide him to the truth except by coincidence. He does not have permission to do so.'"

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْقُضَاةُ ثَلَاثَةٌ اثْنَانِ فِي النَّارِ وَوَاحِدٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ رَجُلٌ عَرَفَ الْحَقَّ فَقَضَى بِهِ فَهُوَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَرَجُلٌ قَضَى بَيْنَ النَّاسِ بِالْجَهْلِ فَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ وَرَجُلٌ عَرَفَ الْحَقَّ فَجَارَ فَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ لَقُلْنَا إِنَّ الْقَاضِيَ إِذَا اجْتَهَدَ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ اجْتِهَادُهُ بِغَيْرِ عَلِمٍ لَا يَهْدِيهِ إِلَى الْحَقِّ إِلَّا اتِّفَاقًا فَلَمْ يَكُنْ مَأْذُونًا لَهُ فِيهِ

[AI] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "There are three types of judges: one judge in Hellfire, and a judge in Paradise. The judge who judges without justice, knowing the truth, is in Hellfire. The judge who judges without knowledge, destroying people's rights, is also in Hellfire. The judge who judges with justice is in Paradise." And Abu Sa'ad al-Maliniyy narrated to us, who narrated from Abu Ahmed bin Adi, who narrated from Al-Hassan bin Sufyan, who narrated from Hirmalah, who narrated from Ibn Wahb, who narrated from Hatim bin Ismail, who narrated from Shareek, and he mentioned it in a similar manner.

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْقُضَاةُ ثَلَاثَةٌ قَاضِيَانِ فِي النَّارِ وَقَاضٍ فِي الْجَنَّةِ قَاضٍ قَضَى بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ وَهُوَ يَعْلَمُ فَذَاكَ فِي النَّارِ وَقَاضٍ قَضَى وَهُوَ لَا يَعْلَمُ فَأَهْلَكَ حُقُوقَ النَّاسِ فَذَاكَ فِي النَّارِ وَقَاضٍ قَضَى بِالْحَقِّ فَذَاكَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ 20356 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو سَعْدٍ الْمَالِينِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو أَحْمَدَ بْنُ عَدِيٍّ أنبأ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ ثنا حَرْمَلَةُ ثنا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ ثنا حَاتِمُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَنْ شَرِيكٍ فَذَكَرَهُ بِنَحْوِهِ

"الْقُضَاةُ ثلاثَةُ، قاضيان في النَّار، وقاضٍ في الجنةِ، قاضٍ قَضَى بِغَيرِ الحق وهو يَعْلمُ فَذَاكَ فِي النَّارِ، وقَاضٍ قَضَى وَهُوَ لا يَعْلَمُ فأَهْلَكَ حقوقَ النَّاسِ فَذَاك في النَّارِ، وقَاضٍ قَضَى بالحقِّ فَذَاكَ في الجنَّةِ" .

"القُضاةُ ثلاثةٌ اثْنَانِ في النَّارِ، وواحِدٌ في الجنَّةِ، رَجُلٌ عَلِمَ الحقَّ فَقَضَى بِهِ فَهُوَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ، وَرَجُلٌ قَضَى للناسِ على جهْل فَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ، وَرَجُلٌ عَرَفَ الحقَّ فجار في الحُكْم فَهُوَ في النَّارِ" .

"القُضاةُ ثَلاثَةٌ: قَاضيانِ في النَّارِ، وقَاضٍ في الجَنَّةِ، قَاضٍ قَضَى بالهَوى فَهُوَ في النَّارِ، وقاضٍ قَضَى بغير عَلمٍ فَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ، وقَاضٍ قَضَى بالحقّ فَهُوَ في الجَنَّةِ" .

"قَاضِيَانِ فِي النَّار، وَقَاض في الْجَنَّةِ، قَاضٍ عَرَفَ الْحَقَّ فَقَضَى بِهِ فَهُوَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ، وَقَاضِ عَرف الْحَقَّ فَجَارَ مُتعَمِّدًا، أَوْ قَضَى بغَيرِ عِلْمٍ فَهُمَا في النَّارِ، قَالُوا: فَمَا ذَنْبُ هَذَا الَّذِي يَجْهَلُ؟ قَال: ذَنْبُه أَن لا يَكُونَ قَاضِيًا حَتَّى يَعْلَمَ".