What made you take al-Anfal, which is one of the Mathani and Baraʿah, which is one of al-mi’een, and put them next to one another and not write - Ibn Jaʿfar said: A line between them saying Bismillahir-Rahmanir-Raheem - and put it with the seven long ones? What made you do that? ʿUthman ؓ said. Sometimes many soorahs would be revealed (incomplete) to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and when something was revealed he would call one of the scribes to write it down for him and say: ʿPut this in the soorah in which such and such is mentionedʿ; and verses would be revealed to him and he would say, ʿPut these verses in the soorah in which such and such is mentionedʿ; and a verse would be revealed to him and he would say: ʿPut this verse in the soorah in which such and such is mentioned.ʿ Al-Anfal was one of the first soorahs to be revealed in Madinah and Baraʿah was one of the last soorahs of the Qurʿan, and the content of the two soorahs was similar. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed away without having stated clearly to us that it was part of it, but we thought that it was, hence I put them together and I did not put between them the line Bismillahir-Rahmanir-Raheem, and I put it with the seven long ones.  

أَنْ عَمَدْتُمْ إِلَى الْأَنْفَالِ وَهِيَ مِنَ الْمَثَانِي وَإِلَى بَرَاءَةٌ وَهِيَ مِنَ الْمِئِينَ فَقَرَنْتُمْ بَيْنَهُمَا وَلَمْ تَكْتُبُوا بَيْنَهُمَا سَطْرَ بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ فَوَضَعْتُمُوهَا فِي السَّبْعِ الطُّوَلِ فَمَا حَمَلَكُمْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ؟قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مِمَّا يَأْتِي عَلَيْهِ الزَّمَانُ وَهُوَ يُنْزَلُ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ السُّوَرِ ذَوَاتِ الْعَدَدِ فَكَانَ إِذَا نْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ الشَّيْءُ دَعَا بَعْضَ مَنْ يَكْتُبُ لَهُ فَيَقُولُ ضَعُوا هَذِهِ فِي السُّورَةِ الَّتِي يُذْكَرُ فِيهَا كَذَا وَكَذَا وَإِذَا أُنْزِلَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْآيَاتُ قَالَ ضَعُوا هَذِهِ الْآيَاتِ فِي السُّورَةِ الَّتِي يُذْكَرُ فِيهَا كَذَاوَكَذَا وَإِذَا أُنْزِلَتْ عَلَيْهِ الْآيَةُ قَالَ ضَعُوا هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ فِي السُّورَةِ الَّتِي يُذْكَرُ فِيهَا كَذَا وَكَذَا قَالَ وَكَانَتِ الْأَنْفَالُ مِنْ أَوَائِلِ مَا نَزَلَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَكَانَتْ بَرَاءَةُ مِنْ آخِرِ مَا أُنْزِلَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ قَالَ فَكَانَتْ قِصَّتُهَا شَبِيهًا بِقِصَّتِهَا فَظَنَنَّا أَنَّهَا مِنْهَا وَقُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَلَمْ يُبَيِّنْ لَنَا أَنَّهَا مِنْهَا فَمِنْ أَجْلِ ذَلِكَ قَرَنْتُ بَيْنَهُمَا وَلَمْ أَكْتُبْ بَيْنَهُمَا سَطْرًا بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ وَوَضَعْتُهَا فِي السَّبْعِ الطُّوَلِ  

“The best of you are those who learn Qurʿan and teach it.ʿ  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ؛ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ أَفْضَلُكُمْ وَقَالَ شُعْبَةُ خَيْرُكُمْ مَنْ تَعَلَّمَ الْقُرْآنَ وَعَلَّمَهُ  

They thought it (his advice) was about that day.  

يَوْمَ الدَّارِ حِينَ حُصِرَ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ عَهِدَ إِلَيَّ عَهْدًا فَأَنَا صَابِرٌ عَلَيْهِقَالَ قَيْسٌ فَكَانُوا يَرَوْنَهُ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ  

My masters married me to a Roman slave girl of theirs. I was intimate with her and she bore me a boy who was black like me and I named him ʿAbdullah. Then I was intimate with her again and she bore me a boy who was black like me, and I named him ‘Ubaidullah. My masters had a Roman slave whose name was Yuhannas, who spoke to her in his language, i.e. the Roman language. Then he was intimate with her and she bore him a boy who was red like a lizard. I said to her: What is this? She said: He is the child of Yuhannas. So we referred the case to Ameer al Muʿmineen ʿUthman ؓ and they both confessed. He said: Will you agree to me passing judgement between you according to the judgement of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ?He said:The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ruled that the child be attributed to the (husband of the) woman. And he flogged them.  

زَوَّجَنِي مَوْلايَ جَارِيَةً رُومِيَّةً فَوَقَعْتُ عَلَيْهَا فَوَلَدَتْ لِي غُلامًا أَسْوَدَ مِثْلِي فَسَمَّيْتُهُ عَبْدَ اللهِ ثُمَّ وَقَعْتُ عَلَيْهَا فَوَلَدَتْ لِي غُلامًا أَسْوَدَ مِثْلِي فَسَمَّيْتُهُ عُبَيْدَ اللهِ ثُمَّ طَبِنَ لِي غُلامٌ رُومِيٌّ قَالَ حَسِبْتُهُ قَالَ لِأَهْلِي رُومِيٌّ يُقَالُ لَهُ يُوحَنَّسُ فَرَاطَنَهَا بِلِسَانِهِ يَعْنِي بِالرُّومِيَّةِ فَوَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا فَوَلَدَتْ لَهُ غُلامًا أَحْمَرَ كَأَنَّهُ وَزَغَةٌ مِنَ الْوُزْغَانِ فَقُلْتُ لَهَا مَا هَذَا؟ فَقَالَتْ هَذَا مِنْ يُوحَنَّسَ قَالَ فَارْتَفَعْنَا إِلَى عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ وَأَقَرَّا جَمِيعًا فَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ إِنْ شِئْتُمْ قَضَيْتُ بَيْنَكُمْ بِقَضِيَّةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَضَى أَنَّ الْوَلَدَ لِلْفِرَاشِ قَالَ حَسِبْتُهُ قَالَ وَجَلَدَهُمَا  

I heard Humran bin Aban telling Abu Burdah in the mosque that he heard ʿUthman bin ʿAffan ؓ narrate from the Prophet ﷺ that he said: “Whoever does wudoo’ properly as enjoined by Allah, the prescribed prayers will be expiations for whatever comes between them.ʿ  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَنْ أَتَمَّالْوُضُوءَ كَمَا أَمَرَهُ اللهُ فَالصَّلَوَاتُ الْمَكْتُوبَاتُ كَفَّارَاتٌ لِمَا بَيْنَهُنَّ  

I heard Abbad bin Zahir Abu Ruwaʿ say: I heard ‘Uthman ؓ delivering a khutbah in which he said: By Allah, l accompanied the Messenger of Allah ﷺ whilst travelling and not traveling; he used to visit our sick, attend our funerals, go out on campaign with us and comfort us with whatever means he could. Some people tell me about him and perhaps none of them ever saw him.  

إِنَّا وَاللهِ قَدْ صَحِبْنَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فِي السَّفَرِ وَالْحَضَرِ فكَانَ يَعُودُ مَرْضَانَا وَيَتْبَعُ جَنَائِزَنَا وَيَغْزُو مَعَنَا وَيُوَاسِينَا بِالْقَلِيلِ وَالْكَثِيرِ وَإِنَّ نَاسًا يُعْلِّمُونِي بِهِ عَسَى أَنْ لَا يَكُونَ أَحَدُهُمْ رَآهُ قَطُّ  

I saw ʿUthman (ؓ ) sitting in al-Maqaʿid. He called for food that had been touched by fire and ate it, then he got up to pray; he prayed, then ʿUthman ؓ said: I sat where the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sat and ate the food that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ate and I offered the prayer that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ offered.  

عُثْمَانُ قَعَدْتُ مَقْعَدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَكَلْتُ طَعَامَ رَسُولِ اللهِ وَصَلَّيْتُ صَلاةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ  

I heard the Messenger of Allah( ﷺ) say: ʿWhoever builds a mosque for the sake of Allah, Allah will build for him a house like it in Paradise.ʿ  

أَنْ يَبْنِيَ مَسْجِدَ الْمَدِينَةِ فَكَرِهَ النَّاسُ ذَاكَ وَأَحَبُّوا أَنْ يَدَعُوهُ عَلَى هَيْئَتِهِ فَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَنْ بَنَى مَسْجِدًا لِلَّهِ بَنَى اللهُ لَهُ بَيْتًا فِي الْجَنَّةِ مِثْلَهُ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: ʿWhoever tells a lie about me deliberately, let him take up his abode in Hell.ʿ  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ تَعَمَّدَ عَلَيَّ كَذِبًا فَلْيَتَبَوَّأْ بَيْتًا فِي النَّارِ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: ʿAllah admitted to Paradise a man who was easygoing in buying and selling, when paying off debt and when asking for a debt that was owed to him.ʿ  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَدْخَلَ اللهُ رَجُلًا الْجَنَّةَ كَانَ سَهْلًا مُشْتَرِيًا وَبَائِعًا وَقَاضِيًا وَمُقْتَضِيًا  

Why would they kill me? I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: ʿIt is not permissible (to shed) the blood of a Muslim except in three cases: If a man disbelieves after becoming Muslim, or commits zina after being married or kills someone and is executed in retaliation.ʿ  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ لَا يَحِلُّ دَمُ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ إِلَّا بِإِحْدَى ثَلاثٍ رَجُلٌ كَفَرَ بَعْدَ إِسْلامِهِ أَوْ زَنَى بَعْدَ إِحْصَانِهِ أَوْ قَتَلَ نَفْسًا فَيُقْتَلُ بِهَا  

l saw ʿAli ؓ and ʿUthman ؓ on the day of Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha; they prayed, then when they finished they reminded the people. I heard them saying: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade fasting on these two days. He said: And I heard ‘Ali say: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade anything of the sacrificial meat to be left after three days.  

وَسَمِعْتُهُمَا يَقُولانِ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنْ صِيَامِ هَذَيْنِ الْيَوْمَيْنِقَالَ وَسَمِعْتُ عَلِيًّا يَقُولُ نَهَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَبْقَى مِنْ نُسُكِكُمْ عِنْدَكُمْ شَيْءٌ بَعْدَ ثَلاثٍ  

We set out for Hajj, and passed by Madinah. Whilst we were in our camp, someone came to us and said: The people are in a panic in the mosque. My companion and I set out, and we found some people gathered around a group in the mosque. I pushed through them until I got to (that group), where I found ʿ Ali bin Abi Talib, Az-Zubair, Talhah and Saʿd bin Abi Waqqas. Soon ‘Uthman came walking and said: Is ʿAli here? They said: Yes. He said: ls Az-Zubair here? They said: Yes. He said: ls Talhah here? They said: Yes. He said: ls Saʿd here? They said: Yes. He said: I adjure you by Allah, beside Whom there is no other god, do you know that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Whoever buys the date-drying place of (the tribe of) Banu so- and-so, Allah will forgive him.” so I bought it and went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: I have bought it; he said: ʿAdd it to our mosque and the reward for that will be yours”? They said: Yes. He said: I adjure you by Allah, beside Whom there is no other god, do you know that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Who will buy the well of Roomah?ʿ so I bought it for such and such and went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: I have bought it - meaning the well of Roomah, and he said: ʿMake it a water source for the Muslims and the reward for that will be yoursʿ? They said: Yes. He said: I adjure you by Allah, beside Whom there is no other god, do you know that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ looked at the faces of the people on the day of the army of hardship (Tabook) and said: “Whoever equips these men, Allah will forgive him,” so I equipped them until they were not without even reins or ropes? They said: By Allah, yes. He said: O Allah, bear witness, O Allah, bear witness; O Allah, bear witness. Then he left  

قَالَقَالَ الْأَحْنَفُ انْطَلَقْنَا حُجَّاجًا فَمَرَرْنَا بِالْمَدِينَةِ فَبَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ فِي مَنْزِلِنَا إِذْ جَاءَنَا آتٍ فَقَالَ النَّاسُ مِنْ فَزَعٍ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَانْطَلَقْتُ أَنَا وَصَاحِبِي فَإِذَا النَّاسُ مُجْتَمِعُونَ عَلَى نَفَرٍ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ قَالَ فَتَخَلَّلْتُهُمْ حَتَّى قُمْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَإِذَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَالزُّبَيْرُ وَطَلْحَةُ وَسَعْدُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ قَالَ فَلَمْ يَكُنْ ذَلِكَ بِأَسْرَعَ مِنْ أَنْ جَاءَ عُثْمَانُ يَمْشِي فَقَالَ أَهَاهُنَا عَلِيٌّ؟ قَالُوا نَعَمْ قَالَ أَهَاهُنَا الزُّبَيْرُ؟ قَالُوا نَعَمْ قَالَ أَهَاهُنَا طَلْحَةُ؟ قَالُوا نَعَمْ قَالَ أَهَاهُنَا سَعْدٌ؟ قَالُوا نَعَمْقَالَ أَنْشُدُكُمْ بِاللهِ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ أَتَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ يَبْتَاعُ مِرْبَدَ بَنِي فُلانٍ غَفَرَ اللهُ لَهُ فَابْتَعْتُهُ فَأَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ إِنِّي قَدِ ابْتَعْتُهُ فَقَالَ اجْعَلْهُ فِي مَسْجِدِنَا وَأَجْرُهُ لَكَ ؟ قَالُوا نَعَمْقَالَ أَنْشُدُكُمْ بِاللهِ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ أَتَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ يَبْتَاعُ بِئْرَ رُومَةَ؟ فَابْتَعْتُهَا بِكَذَا وَكَذَا فَأَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ إِنِّي قَدِ ابْتَعْتُهَا يَعْنِي بِئْرَ رُومَةَ فَقَالَ اجْعَلْهَا سِقَايَةً لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ وَأَجْرُهَا لَكَ ؟ قَالُوا نَعَمْقَالَ أَنْشُدُكُمْ بِاللهِ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ أَتَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ نَظَرَ فِي وُجُوهِ الْقَوْمِ يَوْمَ جَيْشِ الْعُسْرَةِ فَقَالَ مَنْ يُجَهِّزُ هَؤُلاءِ غَفَرَ اللهُ لَهُ فَجَهَّزْتُهُمْ حَتَّى مَا يَفْقِدُونَ خِطَامًا وَلا عِقَالًا؟ قَالُوا اللهُمَّ نَعَمْ قَالَ اللهُمَّ اشْهَدْ اللهُمَّ اشْهَدْ اللهُمَّ اشْهَدْ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ  

Yaʿla said:I circumambulated [the Ka’bah] with ‘Uthman ؓ and he touched the corner. Yaʿla said: I was next to the House and when I reached the western corner which is next to the Black Stone. I took his hand to touch it and he said: What is the matter with you? I said: Arenʿt you going to touch it? He said: Did you not do tawaf with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ” I said: Yes indeed. He said: Did you see him touch these two western corners? I said, No. He said: Donʿt you have a good example in him? I said: Yes indeed. He said. Then stop bothering about that.  

قَالَقَالَ يَعْلَى طُفْتُ مَعَ عُثْمَانَ فَاسْتَلَمْنَا الرُّكْنَ قَالَ يَعْلَى فَكُنْتُ مِمَّا يَلِي الْبَيْتَ فَلَمَّا بَلَغْنَا الرُّكْنَ الْغَرْبِيَّ الَّذِي يَلِي الْأَسْوَدَ جَرَرْتُ بِيَدِهِ لِيَسْتَلِمَ فَقَالَ مَا شَأْنُكَ؟ فَقُلْتُ أَلا تَسْتَلِمُ؟ قَالَ فَقَالَ أَلَمْ تَطُفْ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ؟ فَقُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ أَرَأَيْتَهُ يَسْتَلِمُ هَذَيْنِ الرُّكْنَيْنِ الْغَرْبِيَّيْنِ؟ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ أَفَلَيْسَ لَكَ فِيهِ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ؟ قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ فَانْفُذْ عَنْكَ  

ʿUthman sat down one day and we sat down with him. The Mu’adhdhin came to him and ʿUthman called for water in a vessel which I thought would contain one mudd. He did wudooʿ, then he said: I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ doing wudoo’ as I have just done it, then he said: ʿWhoever does wudooʿ as I have just done, then gets up and prays Zuhr, will be forgiven for (whatever sins he committed) between it and Fajr; then if he prays ʿAsr. he will be forgiven so? (whatever sins he committed) between it and Zuhr, then if he prays Maghrib, he will be forgiven for (whatever sins he committed) between it and ‘Asr, then if he prays Isha‘, he will be forgiven for (whatever sins he committed) between it and Maghrib. Then he may spend the night indulging in physical pleasure, then if he gets up and does wudoo’ and prays Fajr, he will be forgiven for (whatever sins he committed) between it and ʿIshaʿ. These are the good deeds that remove the evil deeds (cf. 11:114).” They said: These are the good deeds, but what are the good righteous deeds that last (cf. 18:46), Oʿ Uthman? He said: They are (the words)La Ilaha Illallah, wa subhanallah wal-hamdu Lillah wallahu akbar, wa la hawla wa la quwwata illa billah ( There is no god but Allah, praise be to Allah, Allah is most great and there is no power and no strength except with Allah)  

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ الْحَارِثَ مَوْلَى عُثْمَانَ يَقُولُجَلَسَ عُثْمَانُ يَوْمًا وَجَلَسْنَا مَعَهُ فَجَاءَهُ الْمُؤَذِّنُ فَدَعَا بِمَاءٍ فِي إِنَاءٍ أَظُنُّهُ سَيَكُونُ فِيهِ مُدٌّ فَتَوَضَّأَ ثُمَّ قَالَ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَتَوَضَّأُ وُضُوئِي هَذَا ثُمَّ قَالَ وَمَنْ تَوَضَّأَ وُضُوئِي هَذَا ثُمَّ قَامَ فَصَلَّى صَلاةَ الظُّهْرِ غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا كَانَ بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ الصُّبْحِ ثُمَّ صَلَّى الْعَصْرَ غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ صَلاةِ الظُّهْرِ ثُمَّ صَلَّى الْمَغْرِبَ غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ صَلاةِ الْعَصْرِ ثُمَّ صَلَّى الْعِشَاءَ غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ صَلاةِ الْمَغْرِبِ ثُمَّ لَعَلَّهُ أَنْ يَبِيتَ يَتَمَرَّغُ لَيْلَتَهُ ثُمَّ إِنْ قَامَ فَتَوَضَّأَ وَصَلَّى الصُّبْحَ غُفِرَ لَهُ مَا بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ صَلاةِ الْعِشَاءِ وَهُنَّ الْحَسَنَاتُ يُذْهِبْنَ السَّيِّئَاتِ قَالُوا هَذِهِ الْحَسَنَاتُ فَمَا الْبَاقِيَاتُ يَا عُثْمَانُ؟ قَالَ هُنَّ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَسُبْحَانَ اللهِ وَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ وَاللهُ أَكْبَرُ وَلا حَوْلَ وَلا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ  

Then I asked permission to enter and he set up and said to ʿAʿishah: ʿCover yourself properly.ʿ I fulfilled my need then I went away, ʿAʿishah said: O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, why did I not see you stirring for Abu Bakr and ‘Umar as you did for ʿUthman? The Messenger of Allah (SWT) said: ʿʿUthman is a shy man, and I was afraid that if I gave him permission to enter when I was in that state, he would not tell me of his need.ʿ Al-Laith said: Some people said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to ʿAʿishah ؓ : ʿShould I not feel shy before a man before whom the angels feel shy?ʿ Saʿeed bin al-ʿAs narrated that ʿUthman and ʿAʿishah narrated that Abu Bakr asked for permission to enter upon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when he was lying down on his bed, wearing the cover of ʿAʿishah. And he narrated a hadeeth similar to that of ‘Uqail.  

أَخْبَرَهُأَنَّ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَعُثْمَانَ حَدَّثَاهُ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ اسْتَأْذَنَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ مُضْطَجِعٌ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ لَابِسٌ مِرْطَ عَائِشَةَ فَأَذِنَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَهُوَ كَذَلِكَ فَقَضَى إِلَيْهِ حَاجَتَهُ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ ثُمَّ اسْتَأْذَنَ عُمَرُ فَأَذِنَ لَهُ وَهُوَ عَلَى تِلْكَ الْحَالِ فَقَضَى إِلَيْهِ حَاجَتَهُ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ قَالَ عُثْمَانُ ثُمَّ اسْتَأْذَنْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَجَلَسَ وَقَالَ لِعَائِشَةَ اجْمَعِي عَلَيْكِ ثِيَابَكِ فَقَضَيْتُ إِلَيْهِ حَاجَتِي ثُمَّ انْصَرَفْتُقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا لِي لَمْ أَرَكَ فَزِعْتَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ كَمَا فَزِعْتَ لِعُثْمَانَ؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ عُثْمَانَ رَجُلٌ حَيِيٌّ وَإِنِّي خَشِيتُ إِنْ أَذِنْتُ لَهُ عَلَى تِلْكَ الْحَالِ أَنْ لَا يَبْلُغَ إِلَيَّ فِي حَاجَتِهِ وقَالَ اللَّيْثُ وَقَالَ جَمَاعَةُ النَّاسِ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لِعَائِشَةَ أَلَا أَسْتَحِي مِمَّنْ يَسْتَحْيِي مِنْهُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ  

[Machine] That Abu Bakr sought permission from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while he was lying on his bed, wearing a fur garment provided by Aisha, and he mentioned the meaning of the hadith of Uqayl.  

أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ اسْتَأْذَنَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ مُضْطَجِعٌ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ لَابِسٌ مِرْطَ عَائِشَةَ فَذَكَرَ مَعْنَى حَدِيثِ عُقَيْلٍ  

I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: ʿWhoever does wudoo’ and does it properly, then goes to offer an obligatory prayer and offers it, his sins will be forgiven.”  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَنْ تَوَضَّأَ فَأَسْبَغَ الْوُضُوءَ ثُمَّ مَشَى إِلَى صَلاةٍ مَكْتُوبَةٍ فَصَلَّاهَا غُفِرَ لَهُ ذَنْبُهُ  

ʿUthman ؓ went to Makkah for Hajj. The wife of Muhammad bin Jaʿfar bin Abi Talib entered upon him (i.e., her husband) and he spent the night with her. Then the next morning, he (i.e., Muhammad bin Jaʿfar) came out smelling of perfume and wearing a wrapper saturated with safflower dye. He caught up with the people in weariness before they set out. When ʿUthman saw him, he rebuked him and expressed disapproval, saying: Are you wearing something dyed with safflower when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade that? ʿAli bin Abi Talib ؓ said to him: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not forbid it to him or you; he only forbade it to me.  

أَنْ يَرُوحُوا فَلَمَّا رَآهُ عُثْمَانُ انْتَهَرَه وَأَفَّفَ وَقَالَ أَتَلْبَسُ الْمُعَصْفَرَ وَقَدْ نَهَى عَنْهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لَمْ يَنْهَهُ وَلا إِيَّاكَ إِنَّمَا نَهَانِي  

‘Uthman said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: “Do you think if there was a river in the courtyard of one of you and he washed himself in it five times each day, would any dirt remain on him? They said: Nothing [would remain on him). He said: ʿThe (five daily) prayers take away sins as water takes away dirt.ʿ  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ أَرَأَيْتَ لَوْ كَانَ بِفِنَاءِ أَحَدِكُمْ نَهَرٌ يَجْرِي يَغْتَسِلُ مِنْهُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ خَمْسَ مَرَّاتٍ مَا كَانَ يَبْقَى مِنْ دَرَنِهِ؟ قَالُوا لَا شَيْءَ قَالَ فَإِنَّ الصَّلَوَاتِ تُذْهِبُ الذُّنُوبَ كَمَا يُذْهِبُ الْمَاءُ الدَّرَنَ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Whoever betrays the Arabs will never receive my intercession or attain my love.ʿ  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ غَشَّ الْعَرَبَ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ فِي شَفَاعَتِي وَلَمْ تَنَلْهُ مَوَدَّتِي  

ʿThe hornless animal will settle the score with the horned one on the day of Resurrection.ʿ  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِنَّ الْجَمَّاءَ لَتُقَصُّ مِنَ الْقَرْنَاءِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ  

I saw ʿUthman enjoining, in his khutbah, the killing of dogs and the slaughter of pigeons.  

حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ قَالَشَهِدْتُ عُثْمَانَ يَأْمُرُ فِي خُطْبَتِهِ بِقَتْلِ الْكِلابِ وَذَبْحِ الْحَمَامِ  

ʿUthman was the most handsome of people.  

كَانَ عُثْمَانُ مِنْ أَجْمَلِ النَّاسِ  

My father narrated that his father said: I was praying and a man passed in front of me; I tried to stop him but he insisted. I asked ʿUthman bin ʿAffan (about that) and he said. It does not affect you, O son of my brother.  

لَا يَضُرُّكَ يَا ابْنَ أَخِي  

My father narrated; that his father said: Uthman said: If you find in the Book of Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, that you should put my feet in fetters, then do that.  

قَالَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ إِنْ وَجَدْتُمْ فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ ﷻ أَنْ تَضَعُوا رِجْلِي فِي الْقَيْدِ فَضَعُوهَا  

ʿThis is the place of standing, and all of ʿArafah is a place of standing.ʿ Then he moved on at an unhurried pace, and the people started rushing right and left. He turned to them and said: ʿCalmly, O people; calmly, O people.” Then he came to al-Muzdalifah and put two prayers together, then he stood in al-Muzdalifah in a place called Quzah, with al-Fadl bin al-ʿAbbas riding behind him, and he said: “This is the place of standing and all of Muzdalifah is a place of standing.” Then he moved on at an unhurried pace and the people started rushing right and left. He turned to them and said: ʿCalmly, O people; calmly, O people.” he quoted the hadeeth at length.  

عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي رَافِعٍ مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺعَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ وَقَفَ بِعَرَفَةَ وَهُوَ مُرْدِفٌ أُسَامَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ فَقَالَ هَذَا الْمَوْقِفُ وَكُلُّ عَرَفَةَ مَوْقِفٌ ثُمَّ دَفَعَ يَسِيرُ الْعَنَقَ وَجَعَلَ النَّاسُ يَضْرِبُونَ يَمِينًا وَشِمَالًا وَهُوَ يَلْتَفِتُ وَيَقُولُ السَّكِينَةَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ السَّكِينَةَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ حَتَّى جَاءَ الْمُزْدَلِفَةَ وَجَمَعَ بَيْنَ الصَّلاتَيْنِ ثُمَّ وَقَفَ بِالْمُزْدَلِفَةِ فَوَقَفَ عَلَى قُزَحَ وَأَرْدَفَ الْفَضْلَ بْنَ الْعَبَّاسِ وَقَالَ هَذَا الْمَوْقِفُ وَكُلُّ مُزْدَلِفَةَ مَوْقِفٌ ثُمَّ دَفَعَ وَجَعَلَ يَسِيرُالْعَنَقَ وَالنَّاسُ يَضْرِبُونَ يَمِينًا وَشِمَالًا وَهُوَ يَلْتَفِتُ وَيَقُولُ السَّكِينَةَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ السَّكِينَةَ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ بِطُولِهِ  

I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in a dream last night, and I saw Abu Bakr and ʿUmar ؓ and they said to me, Be patient, for you will break your fast with us tomorrow. Then he called for a Mushaf and opened it, and he was killed with it in front of him.  

وَقَالَ إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ الْبَارِحَةَ فِي الْمَنَامِ وَرَأَيْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ وَإِنَّهُمْ قَالُوا لِي اصْبِرْ فَإِنَّكَ تُفْطِرُ عِنْدَنَا الْقَابِلَةَ ثُمَّ دَعَا بِمُصْحَفٍ فَنَشَرَهُ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَقُتِلَ وَهُوَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ  

I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ do wudoo’: he washed his face three times and his hands three times, and he washed his arms three times each, and wiped his head, and washed his feet thoroughly.  

رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ تَوَضَّأَ فَغَسَلَ وَجْهَهُ ثَلاثًاوَيَدَيْهِ ثَلاثًا وَغَسَلَ ذِرَاعَيْهِ ثَلاثًا ثَلاثًا وَمَسَحَ بِرَأْسِهِ وَغَسَلَ رِجْلَيْهِ غَسْلًا  

that the Prophet ﷺ said: "Whoever says, 'In the name of Allah with Whose name nothing on earth or in heaven can cause harm, and he is the All-Hearing, All-Knowing' three times, will not be struck unaware by calamity until night comes, and whoever says it in the evening will not be struck unaware by calamity until morning comes, Allah Willing.”  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ: «مَنْ قَالَ: (بِسْمِ اللهِ الَّذِي لَا يَضُرُّ مَعَ اسْمِهِ شَيْءٌ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَلا فِي السَّمَاءِ وَهُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ) ثَلاثَ مَرَّاتٍ، لَمْ تَفْجَأْهُ فَاجِئَةُ بَلاءٍ حَتَّى اللَّيْلِ، وَمَنْ قَالَهَا حِينَ يُمْسِي لَمْ تَفْجَأْهُ فَاجِئَةُ بَلاءٍ حَتَّى يُصْبِحَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ۔»  

It was narrated from Aban bin ʿUthman that He saw a funeral coming. When he saw it he stood up and said. I saw ʿUthman doing that and he told me that he saw the Prophet ﷺ doing that.  

أَنَّهُ رَأَى جَنَازَةً مُقْبِلَةً فَلَمَّا رَآهَا قَامَ فَقَالَ رَأَيْتُ عُثْمَانَ يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ وَخَبَّرَنِي أَنَّهُ رَأَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَفْعَلُهُ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Sleeping early in the day leads to withholding of provision.”  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الصُّبْحَةُ تَمْنَعُ الرِّزْقَ  

I saw ʿUthman bin ʿAffan ؓ buried in his clothes soaked with his blood. he was not washed.  

عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَشَهِدْتُ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ دُفِنَ فِي ثِيَابِهِ بِدِمَائِهِ وَلَمْ يُغَسَّلْ  

I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: “Allah will shade with His shade on the Day when there is no shade but His a person who gave more time to a debtor who was in difficulty or waived a debt for one who had a lot of debts.ʿ  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ أَظَلَّ اللهُ عَبْدًا فِي ظِلِّهِ يَوْمَ لَا ظِلَّ إِلا ظِلُّهُ أَنْظَرَ مُعْسِرًا أَوْ تَرَكَ لِغَارِمٍ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Sleeping early in the morning leads to withholding of provision.”  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الصُّبْحَةُ تَمْنَعُ الرِّزْقَ  

“The pilgrim in ihram should not get married, arrange a marriage or propose marriage.ʿ  

عَنْ نُبَيْهِ بْنِ وَهْبٍ عَنْ أَبَانَ بْنِ عُثْمَانَعَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ الْمُحْرِمُ لَا يَنْكِحُ وَلَا يُنْكِحُ وَلَا يَخْطُبُ  

ʿUmar bin Ubaidullah bin Ma’mar proposed marriage on behalf of his son to the daughter of Shaibah bin ʿUthman. He sent me to Aban bin ʿUthman, who was the leader of the Hajj, and he [Aban] said: I think he must be a Bedouin. ʿThe pilgrim in ihram should not get married or arrange a marriage.ʿ ‘Uthman ؓ told me that from the Prophet ﷺ , and Nubaih told me something similar from his father.  

حَدَّثَنِي نُبَيْهُ بْنُ وَهْبٍ قَالَبَعَثَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَعْمَرٍ وَكَانَ يَخْطُبُ بِنْتَ شَيْبَةَ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ عَلَى ابْنِهِ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى أَبَانَ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمَوْسِمِ فَقَالَ أَلا أُرَاهُأَعْرَابِيًّا إِنَّ الْمُحْرِمَ لَا يَنْكِحُ وَلا يُنْكِحُ أَخْبَرَنِي بِذَلِكَ عُثْمَانُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وحَدَّثَنِي نُبَيْهٌ عَنْ أَبِيهِ بِنَحْوِهِ  

Ameer al-Muʿmineen, ʿUthman felt sleepy and had a brief nap. When he woke up, he said: The people will certainly kill me. I said: No, in sha Allah it will not go that far: your people will only ask you for an explanation. He said: I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in my dream, and Abu Bakr and ʿUmar, ؓ and they said: You will break your fast with us tonight.  

نَعَسَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عُثْمَانُ فَأَغْفَى فَاسْتَيْقَظَ فَقَالَ لَيَقْتُلَنَّنِي الْقَوْمُ قُلْتُ كَلا إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ لَمْ يَبْلُغْ ذَاكَ إِنَّ رَعِيَّتَكَ اسْتَعْتَبُوكَ قَالَ إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِﷺفِي مَنَامِي وَأَبَا بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ فَقَالُوا تُفْطِرُ عِنْدَنَا اللَّيْلَةَ  

l entered the mosque and I saw ʿUthman bin ʿAffan ؓ reclining on his ridaʿ. Two water carriers came to him and he judged between them. Then I came to him and looked at him; he was a handsome man with marks of smallpox on his face and his arms were covered with hair.  

دَخَلْتُ الْمَسْجِدَ فَإِذَا أَنَا بِعُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ مُتَّكِئٌ عَلَى رِدَائِهِ فَأَتَاهُ سَقَّاءَانِ يَخْتَصِمَانِ إِلَيْهِ فَقَضَى بَيْنَهُمَا ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُهُ فَنَظَرْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَإِذَا رَجُلٌ حَسَنُ الْوَجْهِ بِوَجْنَتِهِ نَكَتَاتُ جُدَرِيٍّ وَإِذَا شَعْرُهُ قَدْ كَسَا ذِرَاعَيْهِ  

’Uthman never dyed his hair.  

مَا خَضَبَ عُثْمَانُ قَطُّ  

Waqid bin ‘Abdullah At-Tameemi narrated from someone Who saw ‘Uthman bin ‘Affan ؓ with his teeth covered with gold.  

حَدَّثَنِي وَاقِدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ التَّمِيمِيُّعَمَّنْ رَأَى عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ ضَبَّبَ أَسْنَانَهُ بِذَهَبٍ  

I Heard ‘Uthman bin ‘Affan ؓ when he was on the minbar and the mu’adhdhin was giving the iqamah (call immediately preceding the prayer), asking the people about their news and business.  

عَنْ أَخْبَارِهِمْ وَأَسْعَارِهِمْ  

It was narrated from as-Sa’ib bin Yazeed that ’Uthman ؓ Prostrated in Soorat Sad  

أَنَّ عُثْمَانَ سَجَدَ فِي (ص)  

I offered the Eid prayer behind ʿUthman ؓ and he said the takbeer seven times and five times (i.e., in the first and second rak’ahs, respectively).  

صَلَّيْتُ خَلْفَ عُثْمَانَ الْعِيدَ فَكَبَّرَ سَبْعًا وَخَمْسًا  

If he was in a room with the door closed, and he took off his garment to pour water on himself, shyness prevented him from standing up straight.  

إِنْ كَانَ لَيَكُونُ فِي الْبَيْتِ وَالْبَابُ عَلَيْهِ مُغْلَقٌ فَمَا يَضَعُ عَنْهُ الثَّوْبَ لِيُفِيضَ عَلَيْهِ الْمَاءَ يَمْنَعُهُ الْحَيَاءُ أَنْ يُقِيمَ صُلْبَهُ  

ʿUthman held the position of caliph for twelve years and the turmoil lasted for five years.  

حَدَّثَنِي أُمَيَّةُ بْنُ شِبْلٍ وَغَيْرُهُ قَالُوا وَلِيَ عُثْمَانُ ثِنْتَيْ عَشْرَةَ وَكَانَتِ الْفِتْنَةُ خَمْسَ سِنِينَ  

ʿUthman ؓ was killed on the eighteenth of Dhul-Hijjah 35 AH, His caliphate lasted twelve years less twelve days.  

عَنْ أَبِي مَعْشَرٍ قَالَوَقُتِلَ عُثْمَانُ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ لِثَمَانِ عَشْرَةَ مَضَتْ مِنْ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ سَنَةَ خَمْسٍ وَثَلاثِينَ وَكَانَتْ خِلافَتُهُ ثِنْتَيْ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً إِلا اثْنَيْ عَشَرَ يَوْمًا  

Abu ʿUthman narrated that ’Uthman ؓ was killed in the middle of the days of al-tashreeq.  

عُثْمَانَأَنَّ عُثْمَانَ قُتِلَ فِي أَوْسَطِ أَيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ  

Qatadah narrated that ʿUthman ؓ was killed when he was ninety years old or eighty-eight years old.  

حَدَّثَنَا قَتَادَةُأَنَّ عُثْمَانَ قُتِلَ وَهُوَ ابْنُ تِسْعِينَ سَنَةً أَوْ ثَمَانٍ وَثَمَانِينَ  

We were guarding The door of ‘Uthman ؓ for the first ten days of [Dhul-Hijjah].  

عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ قَالَكُنَّا بِبَابِ عُثْمَانَ فِي عَشْرِ الْأَضْحَى