I swear by Allah, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed over Suhail b. al-Baida' in the mosque.  

وَاللَّهِ مَا صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى سُهَيْلِ ابْنِ الْبَيْضَاءِ إِلاَّ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ  

I swear by Allah, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed in the mosque over the two sons of al-Baida': Suhail and his brother.  

وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى ابْنَىْ بَيْضَاءَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ سُهَيْلٍ وَأَخِيهِ  

The Prophet ﷺ said: If anyone prays over the dead in the mosque, there is nothing on him.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَنْ صَلَّى عَلَى جَنَازَةٍ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَلاَ شَىْءَ عَلَيْهِ  

There were three times at which the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to forbid us to pray or bury our dead - when the sun begins to rise till it is fully up, when the sun is at its height midway till it passes the meridian, and when the sun draws near to setting till it sets, or as he said.  

ثَلاَثُ سَاعَاتٍ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَنْهَانَا أَنْ نُصَلِّيَ فِيهِنَّ أَوْ نَقْبُرَ فِيهِنَّ مَوْتَانَا حِينَ تَطْلُعُ الشَّمْسُ بَازِغَةً حَتَّى تَرْتَفِعَ وَحِينَ يَقُومُ قَائِمُ الظَّهِيرَةِ حَتَّى تَمِيلَ وَحِينَ تَضَيَّفُ الشَّمْسُ لِلْغُرُوبِ حَتَّى تَغْرُبَ أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ  

Ammar client of al-Harith ibn Nawfal told me that he attended the funeral of Umm Kulthum, and her son. The body of the boy was placed near the imam. I objected to it. Among the people there were Ibn Abbas, AbuSa'id al-Khudri, AbuQatadah and AbuHurayrah. They said: This is the sunnah (established practice of the Prophet).  

أَنَّهُ شَهِدَ جَنَازَةَ أُمِّ كُلْثُومٍ وَابْنِهَا فَجُعِلَ الْغُلاَمُ مِمَّا يَلِي الإِمَامَ فَأَنْكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ وَفِي الْقَوْمِ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَأَبُو سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيُّ وَأَبُو قَتَادَةَ وَأَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ فَقَالُوا هَذِهِ السُّنَّةُ  

I was in the Sikkat al-Mirbad. A bier passed and a large number of people were accompanying it. They said: Bier of Abdullah ibn Umayr. So I followed it. Suddenly I saw a man, who had a thin garment on riding his small mule. He had a piece of cloth on his head to protect himself from the sun. I asked: Who is this important man? People said: This is Anas ibn Malik. When the bier was placed, Anas stood and led the funeral prayer over him while I was just behind him, and there was no obstruction between me and him. He stood near his head, and uttered four takbirs (Allah is Most Great). He neither lengthened the prayer nor hurried it. He then went to sit down. They said: AbuHamzah, (here is the bier of) an Ansari woman. They brought her near him and there was a green cupola-shaped structure over her bier. He stood opposite her hips and led the funeral prayer over her as he had led it over the man. He then sat down. Al-Ala' ibn Ziyad asked: AbuHamzah, did the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say the funeral prayer over the dead as you have done, uttering four takbirs (Allah is Most Great) over her, and standing opposite the head of a man and the hips of a woman? He replied: Yes. He asked: AbuHamzah, did you fight with the Messenger of Allah? He replied: Yes. I fought with him in the battle of Hunayn. The polytheists came out and invaded us so severely that we saw our horses behind our backs. Among the people (i.e. the unbelievers) there was a man who was attacking us, and striking and wounding us (with his sword). Allah then defeated them. They were then brought and began to take the oath of allegiance to him for Islam. A man from among the companions of the Prophet ﷺ said: I make a vow to myself that if Allah brings the man who was striking us (with his sword) that day, I shall behead him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ kept silent and the man was brought (as a captive). When he saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, he said: Messenger of Allah, I have repented to Allah. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stopped (for a while) receiving his oath of allegiance, so that the other man might fulfil his vow. But the man began to wait for the order of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ for his murder. He was afraid of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to kill him. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw that he did not do anything, he received his oath of allegiance. The man said: Messenger of Allah, what about my vow? He said: I stopped (receiving his oath of allegiance) today so that you might fulfil your vow. He said: Messenger of Allah, why did you not give any signal to me? The Prophet ﷺ said: It is not worthy of a Prophet to give a signal. AbuGhalib said: I asked (the people) about Anas standing opposite the hips of a woman. They told me that this practice was due to the fact that (in the days of the Prophet) there were no cupola-shaped structures over the biers of women. So the imam used to stand opposite the hips of a woman to hide her from the people. Abu Dawud said: The saying of the Prophet ﷺ "I have been commanded to fight against the people until they say: There is no god bu Allah" abrogated this tradition of fulfilling the vow by his remark: "I have repented".  

الْعَلاَءُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ يَا أَبَا حَمْزَةَ هَكَذَا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُصَلِّي عَلَى الْجَنَازَةِ كَصَلاَتِكَ يُكَبِّرُ عَلَيْهَا أَرْبَعًا وَيَقُومُ عِنْدَ رَأْسِ الرَّجُلِ وَعَجِيزَةِ الْمَرْأَةِ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ يَا أَبَا حَمْزَةَ غَزَوْتَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ نَعَمْ غَزَوْتُ مَعَهُ حُنَيْنًا فَخَرَجَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ فَحَمَلُوا عَلَيْنَا حَتَّى رَأَيْنَا خَيْلَنَا وَرَاءَ ظُهُورِنَا وَفِي الْقَوْمِ رَجُلٌ يَحْمِلُ عَلَيْنَا فَيَدُقُّنَا وَيَحْطِمُنَا فَهَزَمَهُمُ اللَّهُ وَجَعَلَ يُجَاءُ بِهِمْ فَيُبَايِعُونَهُ عَلَى الإِسْلاَمِ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ إِنَّ عَلَىَّ نَذْرًا إِنْ جَاءَ اللَّهُ بِالرَّجُلِ الَّذِي كَانَ مُنْذُ الْيَوْمِ يَحْطِمُنَا لأَضْرِبَنَّ عُنُقَهُ فَسَكَتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَجِيءَ بِالرَّجُلِ فَلَمَّا رَأَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ تُبْتُ إِلَى اللَّهِ فَأَمْسَكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لاَ يُبَايِعُهُ لِيَفِيَ الآخَرُ بِنَذْرِهِ قَالَ فَجَعَلَ الرَّجُلُ يَتَصَدَّى لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِيَأْمُرَهُ بِقَتْلِهِ وَجَعَلَ يَهَابُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَقْتُلَهُ فَلَمَّا رَأَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ لاَ يَصْنَعُ شَيْئًا بَايَعَهُ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ نَذْرِي فَقَالَ إِنِّي لَمْ أُمْسِكْ عَنْهُ مُنْذُ الْيَوْمِ إِلاَّ لِتُوفِيَ بِنَذْرِكَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَلاَ أَوْمَضْتَ إِلَىَّ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يُومِضَ قَالَ أَبُو غَالِبٍ فَسَأَلْتُ عَنْ صَنِيعِ أَنَسٍ فِي قِيَامِهِ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ عِنْدَ عَجِيزَتِهَا فَحَدَّثُونِي أَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا كَانَ لأَنَّهُ لَمْ تَكُنِ النُّعُوشُ فَكَانَ الإِمَامُ يَقُومُ حِيَالَ عَجِيزَتِهَا يَسْتُرُهَا مِنَ الْقَوْمِ  

I prayed behing the Prophet ﷺ over a woman who died in childbirth, and he stood opposite her waist.  

صَلَّيْتُ وَرَاءَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ عَلَى امْرَأَةٍ مَاتَتْ فِي نِفَاسِهَا فَقَامَ عَلَيْهَا لِلصَّلاَةِ وَسَطَهَا  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed a grave dug freshly. They arranged a row and uttered four takbirs over it. I asked al-Sha'bi: Who told you ? He replied: A reliable person whom 'Abd Allah b. 'Abbas attended.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَرَّ بِقَبْرٍ رَطْبٍ فَصَفُّوا عَلَيْهِ وَكَبَّرَ عَلَيْهِ أَرْبَعًا فَقُلْتُ لِلشَّعْبِيِّ مَنْ حَدَّثَكَ قَالَ الثِّقَةُ مَنْ شَهِدَهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ  

Zaid b. Arqam used to utter four takbirs (Allah is Most Great) over our dead person (during prayer). He uttered five takbirs on a dead person. So I asked him. He replied: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to utter those. Abu Dawud said: I remember the tradition of Ibn al-Muthanna in a more guarded way.  

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُكَبِّرُهَا  

I prayed over a dead person along with Ibn 'Abbas. He recited Surat al-Fatihah and he said: This is the Sunnah.  

إِنَّهَا مِنَ السُّنَّةِ  

The Prophet ﷺ said: When you pray over the dead, make a sincere supplication for him.  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ إِذَا صَلَّيْتُمْ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ فَأَخْلِصُوا لَهُ الدُّعَاءَ  

I was present with Marwan who asked AbuHurayrah: Did you hear how the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to pray over the dead? He said: Even with the words that you said. (The narrator said: They exchanged hot words between them before that.) Abu Hurairah said: O Allah, Thou art its Lord. Thou didst create it, Thou didst guide it to Islam, Thou hast taken its spirit, and Thou knowest best its inner nature and outer aspect. We have come as intercessors, so forgive him. Abu Dawud said: Shu'bah made a mistake in mentioning the name of 'Ali b. Shammakh. He said in his version: 'Uthman b. Shammas. Abu Dawud said: I heard Ahmad b. Ibrahim al-Mawsili say that Ahmad b. Hanbal said: In every meeting which I attended with Hammad b. Zaid he forbade to narrate this traditions from 'Abd al-Warith and Ja'far b. Sulaiman.  

شَهِدْتُ مَرْوَانَ سَأَلَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ كَيْفَ سَمِعْتَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُصَلِّي عَلَى الْجَنَازَةِ قَالَ أَمَعَ الَّذِي قُلْتَ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ كَلاَمٌ كَانَ بَيْنَهُمَا قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ اللَّهُمَّ أَنْتَ رَبُّهَا وَأَنْتَ خَلَقْتَهَا وَأَنْتَ هَدَيْتَهَا لِلإِسْلاَمِ وَأَنْتَ قَبَضْتَ رُوحَهَا وَأَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِسِرِّهَا وَعَلاَنِيَتِهَا جِئْنَاكَ شُفَعَاءَ فَاغْفِرْ لَهُ  

When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed over a dead person, he said: O Allah, forgive those of us who are living and those of us who are dead, those of us who are present and those of us who are absent, our young and our old, our male and our female. O Allah, to whomsoever of us Thou givest life grant him life as a believer, and whomsoever of us Thou takest in death take him in death as a follower of Islam. O Allah, do not withhold from us the reward (of faith) and do not lead us astray after his death.  

صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى جَنَازَةٍ فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِحَيِّنَا وَمَيِّتِنَا وَصَغِيرِنَا وَكَبِيرِنَا وَذَكَرِنَا وَأُنْثَانَا وَشَاهِدِنَا وَغَائِبِنَا اللَّهُمَّ مَنْ أَحْيَيْتَهُ مِنَّا فَأَحْيِهِ عَلَى الإِيمَانِ وَمَنْ تَوَفَّيْتَهُ مِنَّا فَتَوَفَّهُ عَلَى الإِسْلاَمِ اللَّهُمَّ لاَ تَحْرِمْنَا أَجْرَهُ وَلاَ تُضِلَّنَا بَعْدَهُ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ led us in a ˹funeral˺ prayer of a Muslim and I heard him say, allāhuma inna [name of person] fī dhimmatik, faqihī fitnat al-qabr (O Allah, so and so, son of so and so, is under Your custodianship, so protect him from the trial in the grave.)” ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ˹in his version˺ said, “fī dhimmatik, wa-ḥabli jiwārik, faqihī min fitnat al-qabr, wa-ʿadhāb al-nār, wa-ʾanta ahl al-wafāʾ, wa-al-ḥamd; allāhuma fa-ighfir lahu wa-irḥamhu, innaka anta al-ghafūr al-raḥīm (under Your custodianship and ˹holding on to˺ the rope of Your security, so protect him from the trial in the grave and the torment of Hellfire. For You are most capable of fulfilling ˹duʿāʾ˺ and deserving of praise. O Allah, forgive him and show him mercy for You are the forgiving and the Most Merciful.)"  

صَلَّى بِنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: «(اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ /فُلاَنَ بْنَ فُلاَنٍ/ فِي ذِمَّتِكَ فَقِهِ فِتْنَةَ الْقَبْرِ.)» قَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ: «(فِي ذِمَّتِكَ، وَحَبْلِ جِوَارِكَ، فَقِهِ مِنْ فِتْنَةِ الْقَبْرِ وَعَذَابِ النَّارِ، وَأَنْتَ أَهْلُ الْوَفَاءِ وَالْحَمْدِ، اللَّهُمَّ فَاغْفِرْ لَهُ وَارْحَمْهُ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ.)»  

A negress (or a youth) used to sweep the mosque. The Prophet ﷺ missed him, and when he asked about him the people told him that he had died. He said: Why have you not informed me ? He said: Lead me to his grave. So they led him and he prayed over him.  

أَنَّ امْرَأَةً سَوْدَاءَ أَوْ رَجُلاً كَانَ يَقُمُّ الْمَسْجِدَ فَفَقَدَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَسَأَلَ عَنْهُ فَقِيلَ مَاتَ فَقَالَ أَلاَّ آذَنْتُمُونِي بِهِ قَالَ دُلُّونِي عَلَى قَبْرِهِ فَدَلُّوهُ فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave the people news of death of Negus on the day on which he died, took them out to the place of prayer, drew them up in rows and said: "Allah is Most Great" four times.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَعَى لِلنَّاسِ النَّجَاشِيَّ فِي الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي مَاتَ فِيهِ وَخَرَجَ بِهِمْ إِلَى الْمُصَلَّى فَصَفَّ بِهِمْ وَكَبَّرَ أَرْبَعَ تَكْبِيرَاتٍ  

On the authority of his father: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded us to proceed to the land of Negus. Mentioning the rest of the tradition he said that Negus said: I bear witness that he is the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and it is he about whom Christ son of Mary gave good news. It I were not in the land which I am, I would come to him and carry his shoes.  

أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ نَنْطَلِقَ إِلَى أَرْضِ النَّجَاشِيِّ فَذَكَرَ حَدِيثَهُ قَالَ النَّجَاشِيُّ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَنَّهُ الَّذِي بَشَّرَ بِهِ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ وَلَوْلاَ مَا أَنَا فِيهِ مِنَ الْمُلْكِ لأَتَيْتُهُ حَتَّى أَحْمِلَ نَعْلَيْهِ  

When Uthman ibn Maz'un died, he was brought out on his bier and buried. The Prophet ﷺ ordered a man to bring him a stone, but he was unable to carry it. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ got up and going over to it rolled up his sleeves. The narrator Kathir told that al-Muttalib remarked: The one who told me about the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: I still seem to see the whiteness of the forearms of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when he rolled up his sleeves. He then carried it and placed it at his head saying: I am marking my brother's grave with it, and I shall bury beside him those of my family who die.  

لَمَّا مَاتَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ مَظْعُونٍ أُخْرِجَ بِجَنَازَتِهِ فَدُفِنَ أَمَرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ رَجُلاً أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُ بِحَجَرٍ فَلَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ حَمْلَهُ فَقَامَ إِلَيْهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَحَسَرَ عَنْ ذِرَاعَيْهِ قَالَ كَثِيرٌ قَالَ الْمُطَّلِبُ قَالَ الَّذِي يُخْبِرُنِي ذَلِكَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَى بَيَاضِ ذِرَاعَىْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حِينَ حَسَرَ عَنْهُمَا ثُمَّ حَمَلَهَا فَوَضَعَهَا عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ وَقَالَ أَتَعَلَّمُ بِهَا قَبْرَ أَخِي وَأَدْفِنُ إِلَيْهِ مَنْ مَاتَ مِنْ أَهْلِي  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Breaking a dead man's bone is like breaking it when he is alive.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ كَسْرُ عَظْمِ الْمَيِّتِ كَكَسْرِهِ حَيًّا  

The Prophet ﷺ said: The niche in the side of the grave is for us and the excavation in the middle is for others.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ اللَّحْدُ لَنَا وَالشَّقُّ لِغَيْرِنَا  

Ali, Fadl and Usamah ibn Zayd washed the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and they put him in his grave. Marhab or Ibn AbuMarhab told me that they also made AbdurRahman ibn Awf join them. When Ali became free, he said: The People of the man serve him.  

غَسَّلَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلِيٌّ وَالْفَضْلُ وَأُسَامَةُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ وَهُمْ أَدْخَلُوهُ قَبْرَهُ قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنِي مُرَحَّبٌ أَوِ ابْنُ أَبِي مُرَحَّبٍ أَنَّهُمْ أَدْخَلُوا مَعَهُمْ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عَوْفٍ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ عَلِيٌّ قَالَ إِنَّمَا يَلِي الرَّجُلَ أَهْلُهُ  

That 'Abd al-Rahman b. 'Awf alighted in the grave of the Prophet ﷺ. He said: I still seem to see the four of them.  

أَنَّ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عَوْفٍ نَزَلَ فِي قَبْرِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ كَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِمْ أَرْبَعَةً  

Al-Harith left his will that Abdullah ibn Yazid should offer his funeral prayer; so he prayed over him. He then put him in the grave from the side of his legs and said: This is a Sunnah (model practice of the Prophet).  

وَقَالَ هَذَا مِنَ السُّنَّةِ  

We went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to the funeral of a man of the Ansar, but when we reached the grave, the niche in the side had not yet been made, so the Prophet ﷺ sat down facing the qiblah, and we sat down along with him.  

خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي جَنَازَةِ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ فَانْتَهَيْنَا إِلَى الْقَبْرِ وَلَمْ يُلْحَدْ بَعْدُ فَجَلَسَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مُسْتَقْبِلَ الْقِبْلَةِ وَجَلَسْنَا مَعَهُ  

When the Prophet ﷺ placed the dead in the grave, he said: In the name of Allah, and following the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. This is Muslim's version.  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا وَضَعَ الْمَيِّتَ فِي الْقَبْرِ قَالَ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ وَعَلَى سُنَّةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ هَذَا لَفْظُ مُسْلِمٍ  

I said to the Prophet ﷺ: Your old and astray uncle has died. He said: Go and bury your father, and then do not do anything until you come to me. So I went, buried him and came to him. He ordered me (to take a bath), so I took a bath, and he prayed for me.  

قُلْتُ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ إِنَّ عَمَّكَ الشَّيْخَ الضَّالَّ قَدْ مَاتَ قَالَ اذْهَبْ فَوَارِ أَبَاكَ ثُمَّ لاَ تُحْدِثَنَّ شَيْئًا حَتَّى تَأْتِيَنِي فَذَهَبْتُ فَوَارَيْتُهُ وَجِئْتُهُ فَأَمَرَنِي فَاغْتَسَلْتُ وَدَعَا لِي  

The Ansar came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the day of Uhud and said: We have been afflicted with wound and fatigue. What do you command us? He said: Dig graves, make them wide, bury two or three in a single grave. He was asked: Which of them should be put first? He replied: The one who knew the Qur'an most. He (Hisham) said: My father Amir died on the day and was buried with two or one.  

جَاءَتِ الأَنْصَارُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ فَقَالُوا أَصَابَنَا قَرْحٌ وَجَهْدٌ فَكَيْفَ تَأْمُرُنَا قَالَ احْفِرُوا وَأَوْسِعُوا وَاجْعَلُوا الرَّجُلَيْنِ وَالثَّلاَثَةَ فِي الْقَبْرِ قِيلَ فَأَيُّهُمْ يُقَدَّمُ قَالَ أَكْثَرُهُمْ قُرْآنًا قَالَ أُصِيبَ أَبِي يَوْمَئِذٍ عَامِرٌ بَيْنَ اثْنَيْنِ أَوْ قَالَ وَاحِدٌ  

"And deepen (the graves)."  

عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ هِلاَلٍ بِإِسْنَادِهِ وَمَعْنَاهُ زَادَ فِيهِ وَأَعْمِقُوا  

This tradition has also been transmitted by Sa'd b. Hisham b. 'Amir with a different chain of narrators.  

عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ هِشَامِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ  

'Ali said to me: I am sending you on the same mission as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent me that I should not leave a high grave without leveling it and an image without obliterating it.  

لِي أَبْعَثُكَ عَلَى مَا بَعَثَنِي عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ لاَ أَدَعَ قَبْرًا مُشْرِفًا إِلاَّ سَوَّيْتُهُ وَلاَ تِمْثَالاً إِلاَّ طَمَسْتُهُ  

We were with Fudalah b. 'Ubaid at Rudis in the land of Rome. One of our Companions dies, Fudalah commanded us to dig his grave; it was (dug and) levelled. He then said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanding to level them. Abu Dawud said: Rudis is an island, in the sea.  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَأْمُرُ بِتَسْوِيَتِهَا  

I said to Aisha! Mother, show me the grave of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his two Companions (Allah be pleased with them). She showed me three graves which were neither high nor low, but were spread with soft red pebbles in an open space. Abu 'Ali said: It is said that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ is forward, Abu Bakr is near his head and 'Umar is near is feet. His head is at the feet of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.  

دَخَلْتُ عَلَى عَائِشَةَ فَقُلْتُ يَا أُمَّهْ اكْشِفِي لِي عَنْ قَبْرِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَصَاحِبَيْهِ ؓ فَكَشَفَتْ لِي عَنْ ثَلاَثَةِ قُبُورٍ لاَ مُشْرِفَةٍ وَلاَ لاَطِئَةٍ مَبْطُوحَةٍ بِبَطْحَاءِ الْعَرْصَةِ الْحَمْرَاءِ قَالَ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ يُقَالُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ مُقَدَّمٌ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ وَعُمَرُ عِنْدَ رِجْلَىْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ  

Whenever the Prophet ﷺ became free from burying the dead, he used to stay at him (i.e. his grave) and say: Seek forgiveness for your brother, and beg steadfastness for him, for he will be questioned now. Abu Dawud said: The full name of the narrator Buhair is Buhair b. Raisan.  

كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِذَا فَرَغَ مِنْ دَفْنِ الْمَيِّتِ وَقَفَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ اسْتَغْفِرُوا لأَخِيكُمْ وَسَلُوا لَهُ التَّثْبِيتَ فَإِنَّهُ الآنَ يُسْأَلُ  

The Prophet ﷺ said: There is no slaughtering (at the grave) in Islam. 'Abd al-Razzaq said: They used to slaughter cows or sheep at grave.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لاَ عَقْرَ فِي الإِسْلاَمِ قَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ كَانُوا يَعْقِرُونَ عِنْدَ الْقَبْرِ بَقَرَةً أَوْ شَاةً  

One day the Messenger of Allah ﷺ went out and prayed over the martyrs of Uhud like his prayer over the dead, and then returned.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَرَجَ يَوْمًا فَصَلَّى عَلَى أَهْلِ أُحُدٍ صَلاَتَهُ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ  

The Prophet ﷺ prayed over the martyrs of Uhud after eight years like a man who bids farewell to the living and dead.  

إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ صَلَّى عَلَى قَتْلَى أُحُدٍ بَعْدَ ثَمَانِ سِنِينَ كَالْمُوَدِّعِ لِلأَحْيَاءِ وَالأَمْوَاتِ  

I heard the Prophet ﷺ forbid to sit on the grave, to plaster it with gypsum, and to build any structure over it.  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى أَنْ يُقْعَدَ عَلَى الْقَبْرِ وَأَنْ يُقَصَّصَ وَيُبْنَى عَلَيْهِ  

'Uthman said: "or anything added to it." Sulaiman b. Musa said: "or anything written on it." Musaddad did not mention in his version the words "or anything added to it." Abu Dawud said: The word "and that" (wa an) remained hidden to me.  

أَنْ يُكْتَبَ عَلَيْهِ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ مُسَدَّدٌ فِي حَدِيثِهِ أَوْ يُزَادَ عَلَيْهِ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: Allah's curse to be on the Jews, they made the graves of their Prophets mosques.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ قَاتَلَ اللَّهُ الْيَهُودَ اتَّخَذُوا قُبُورَ أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ مَسَاجِدَ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: It is better that one of you should sit on the live coals which burns his clothing and come in contact with his skin than that he should sit on a grave.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لأَنْ يَجْلِسَ أَحَدُكُمْ عَلَى جَمْرَةٍ فَتَحْرِقَ ثِيَابَهُ حَتَّى تَخْلُصَ إِلَى جِلْدِهِ خَيْرٌ لَهُ مِنْ أَنْ يَجْلِسَ عَلَى قَبْرٍ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: Do not sit on the graves, and do not pray facing them.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لاَ تَجْلِسُوا عَلَى الْقُبُورِ وَلاَ تُصَلُّوا إِلَيْهَا  

Bashir's name in pre-Islamic days was Zahm ibn Ma'bad. When he migrated to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He asked: What is your name? He replied: Zahm. He said: No, you are Bashir. He (Bashir) said: When I was walking with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ he passed by the graves of the polytheists. He said: They lived before (a period of) abundant good. He said this three times. He then passed by the graves of Muslims. He said: They received abundant good. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ suddenly saw a man walking in shoes between the graves. He said: O man, wearing the shoes! Woe to thee! Take off thy shoes. So the man looked (round), When he recognized the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, he took them off and threw them away.  

عَنْ بَشِيرٍ مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَكَانَ اسْمُهُ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ زَحْمُ بْنُ مَعْبَدٍ فَهَاجَرَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ مَا اسْمُكَ قَالَ زَحْمٌ قَالَ بَلْ أَنْتَ بَشِيرٌ قَالَ بَيْنَمَا أَنَا أُمَاشِي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَرَّ بِقُبُورِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَقَالَ لَقَدْ سَبَقَ هَؤُلاَءِ خَيْرًا كَثِيرًا ثَلاَثًا ثُمَّ مَرَّ بِقُبُورِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَقَالَ لَقَدْ أَدْرَكَ هَؤُلاَءِ خَيْرًا كَثِيرًا وَحَانَتْ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَظْرَةٌ فَإِذَا رَجُلٌ يَمْشِي فِي الْقُبُورِ عَلَيْهِ نَعْلاَنِ فَقَالَ يَا صَاحِبَ السِّبْتِيَّتَيْنِ وَيْحَكَ أَلْقِ سِبْتِيَّتَيْكَ فَنَظَرَ الرَّجُلُ فَلَمَّا عَرَفَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَلَعَهُمَا فَرَمَى بِهِمَا  

The Prophet ﷺ as saying: When a servant (of Allah) is placed in his grave, and his Companions depart from him, he hears the stepping sound of their shoes.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ إِذَا وُضِعَ فِي قَبْرِهِ وَتَوَلَّى عَنْهُ أَصْحَابُهُ إِنَّهُ لَيَسْمَعُ قَرْعَ نِعَالِهِمْ  

A man was buried with my father. I had a desire at heart for that (place for my burial). So I took him out after six months. I did not find any change (in his body) except a few hair that touched the earth.  

دُفِنَ مَعَ أَبِي رَجُلٌ فَكَانَ فِي نَفْسِي مِنْ ذَلِكَ حَاجَةٌ فَأَخْرَجْتُهُ بَعْدَ سِتَّةِ أَشْهُرٍ فَمَا أَنْكَرْتُ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا إِلاَّ شُعَيْرَاتٍ كُنَّ فِي لِحْيَتِهِ مِمَّا يَلِي الأَرْضَ  

People with a bier passed by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. They (the companions) spoke highly of him. He said: Paradise is certain for him. Then some people with another (bier) passed by him. They spoke very badly of him. He said: Hell is certain for him. He then said: Some of you are witness to others.  

مَرُّوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِجَنَازَةٍ فَأَثْنَوْا عَلَيْهَا خَيْرًا فَقَالَ وَجَبَتْ ثُمَّ مَرُّوا بِأُخْرَى فَأَثْنَوْا عَلَيْهَا شَرًّا فَقَالَ وَجَبَتْ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ بَعْضَكُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ شُهَدَاءُ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ visited his mother's grave and wept and cause those around him to weep. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then said: I asked my Lord's permission to pray for forgiveness for her, but I was not allowed. I then asked His permission to visit her grave, and I was allowed. So visit graves, for they make one mindful of death.  

أَتَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَبْرَ أُمِّهِ فَبَكَى وَأَبْكَى مَنْ حَوْلَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ اسْتَأْذَنْتُ رَبِّي تَعَالَى عَلَى أَنْ أَسْتَغْفِرَ لَهَا فَلَمْ يُؤْذَنْ لِي فَاسْتَأْذَنْتُ أَنْ أَزُورَ قَبْرَهَا فَأُذِنَ لِي فَزُورُوا الْقُبُورَ فَإِنَّهَا تُذَكِّرُ بِالْمَوْتِ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: I forbade you to visit graves, but you may now visit them, for in visiting them there is a reminder (of death).  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَيْتُكُمْ عَنْ زِيَارَةِ الْقُبُورِ فَزُورُوهَا فَإِنَّ فِي زِيَارَتِهَا تَذْكِرَةً  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ cursed women who visit graves, those who built mosques over them and erected lamps (there).  

لَعَنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ زَائِرَاتِ الْقُبُورِ وَالْمُتَّخِذِينَ عَلَيْهَا الْمَسَاجِدَ وَالسُّرُجَ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ went out to the graveyard and said: Peace be upon you, inhabitants of the dwellings who are of the community of the believers. If Allah wills we shall join you.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَرَجَ إِلَى الْمَقْبَرَةِ فَقَالَ السَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكُمْ دَارَ قَوْمٍ مُؤْمِنِينَ وَإِنَّا إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ بِكُمْ لاَحِقُونَ  

To the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was brought man wearing ihram who was thrown by his she-camel and has his neck broken and had died. He then said: Shroud him in his two garments, was him with water and lotus leaves, but do not cover his head, for he will be raised on the Day of Resurrection saying the talbiyah. Abu Dawud said: I heard Ahmad b. Hanbal say: There are five rules of the law (sunan) in this tradition: "Shroud him in his two garment," that is, the dead should be shrouded in his two garments. "Wash him with water and lotus leaves," that is, washing all times should be with lotus leaves. Do not bring any perfume near him. The shroud will be made from the property (of the dead).  

أُتِيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِرَجُلٍ وَقَصَتْهُ رَاحِلَتُهُ فَمَاتَ وَهُوَ مُحْرِمٌ فَقَالَ كَفِّنُوهُ فِي ثَوْبَيْهِ وَاغْسِلُوهُ بِمَاءٍ وَسِدْرٍ وَلاَ تُخَمِّرُوا رَأْسَهُ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَبْعَثُهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ يُلَبِّي