76. Sūrat al-Insān

٧٦۔ سُورَةُ الإنسان

Qurʾān > Chapter 76 > Section 1
القرآن > كتاب ٧٦ > باب ١

76.1 The universe was there before humankind existed, then God created man, provided him with guidance and gave him free will; either to believe or to disbelieve.

76:1 Has there ˹not˺ come upon man a period of time when he was not a thing ˹even˺ mentioned?  2 Indeed, We created man from a sperm-drop mixture that We may try him; and We made him hearing and seeing.  3 Indeed, We guided him to the way, be he grateful or be he ungrateful.  4 Indeed, We have prepared for the disbelievers chains and shackles and a blaze.  5 Indeed, the righteous will drink from a cup ˹of wine˺ whose mixture is of Kafur,  6 A spring of which the ˹righteous˺ servants of Allah will drink; they will make it gush forth in force ˹and abundance˺.  7 They ˹are those who˺ fulfill ˹their˺ vows and fear a Day whose evil will be widespread.  8 And they give food in spite of love for it to the needy, the orphan, and the captive,  9 ˹Saying˺, "We feed you only for the countenance of Allah. We wish not from you reward or gratitude.  10 Indeed, We fear from our Lord a Day austere and distressful."  11 So Allah will protect them from the evil of that Day and give them radiance and happiness  12 And will reward them for what they patiently endured ˹with˺ a garden ˹in Paradise˺ and silk ˹garments˺. 
٧٦:١ هَلْ أَتَىٰ عَلَى الْإِنْسَانِ حِينٌ مِنَ الدَّهْرِ لَمْ يَكُنْ شَيْئًا مَذْكُورًا ۝ ٢ إِنَّا خَلَقْنَا الْإِنْسَانَ مِنْ نُطْفَةٍ أَمْشَاجٍ نَبْتَلِيهِ فَجَعَلْنَاهُ سَمِيعًا بَصِيرًا ۝ ٣ إِنَّا هَدَيْنَاهُ السَّبِيلَ إِمَّا شَاكِرًا وَإِمَّا كَفُورًا ۝ ٤ إِنَّا أَعْتَدْنَا لِلْكَافِرِينَ سَلَاسِلَ وَأَغْلَالًا وَسَعِيرًا ۝ ٥ إِنَّ الْأَبْرَارَ يَشْرَبُونَ مِنْ كَأْسٍ كَانَ مِزَاجُهَا كَافُورًا ۝ ٦ عَيْنًا يَشْرَبُ بِهَا عِبَادُ اللَّهِ يُفَجِّرُونَهَا تَفْجِيرًا ۝ ٧ يُوفُونَ بِالنَّذْرِ وَيَخَافُونَ يَوْمًا كَانَ شَرُّهُ مُسْتَطِيرًا ۝ ٨ وَيُطْعِمُونَ الطَّعَامَ عَلَىٰ حُبِّهِ مِسْكِينًا وَيَتِيمًا وَأَسِيرًا ۝ ٩ إِنَّمَا نُطْعِمُكُمْ لِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ لَا نُرِيدُ مِنْكُمْ جَزَاءً وَلَا شُكُورًا ۝ ١٠ إِنَّا نَخَافُ مِنْ رَبِّنَا يَوْمًا عَبُوسًا قَمْطَرِيرًا ۝ ١١ فَوَقَاهُمُ اللَّهُ شَرَّ ذَٰلِكَ الْيَوْمِ وَلَقَّاهُمْ نَضْرَةً وَسُرُورًا ۝ ١٢ وَجَزَاهُمْ بِمَا صَبَرُوا جَنَّةً وَحَرِيرًا ۝

1 Has there ˹ever˺ been — there has indeed ˹been˺ — for man, Adam, a period of time, forty years, in which he was a thing unmentioned? — he was during this ˹period˺ a fashioned in clay and not mentioned; alternatively what is meant by insān, ‘man’, is the generic noun and by hīn, ‘a period of time’, the period of gestation.

١ {هل} قد {أتى على الإنسان} آدم {حين من الدهر} أربعون سنة {لم يكن} فيه {شيئا مذكورا} كان فيه مصورا من طين لا يذكر أو المراد بالإنسان الجنس وبالحين مدة الحمل.

2 Verily We created man, the species, from a drop of mixed fluid, ˹from˺ a mixture, that is from the ˹seminal˺ fluid of the man and the ˹ovarian˺ fluid of the woman that have mixed and blended, so that We may test him, trying him with the moral obligations ˹of religion˺ (nabtalīhi is either a new sentence ˹‘We will test him’˺, or an implied circumstantial qualifier, meaning ‘intending to test him when he is ready’). So We made him, for that ˹very˺ reason, hearing, seeing.

٢ {إنَّا خلقنا الإنسان} الجنس {من نطفة أمشاج} أخلاط، أي من ماء الرجل وماء المرأة المختلطين الممتزجين {نبتليه} نختبره بالتكليف والجملة مستأنفة أو حال مقدرة، أي مريدين ابتلاءه حين تأهله {فجعلناه} بسبب ذلك {سميعا بصيرا}.

3 Verily We have guided him to the way, We have pointed out to him the path of guidance by sending messengers ˹to mankind˺, whether he be grateful, that is to say, ˹whether he be˺ a believer, or ungrateful (both ˹shākiran and kafūran˺ are circumstantial qualifiers referring to the direct object; in other words, We have pointed out to him in both presupposed states, whether his gratefulness or his unthankfulness; immā is used to list the ‘states’).

٣ {إنا هديناه السبيل} بينا له طريق الهدى ببعث الرسل {إما شاكرا} أي مؤمنا {وإما كفورا} حالان من المفعول، أي بينا له في حال شكره أو كفره المقدرة، و إما لتفصيل الأحوال.

4 We have assuredly prepared for the disbelievers chains, with which they are dragged through the Fire, and fetters, around their necks to which the chains will be attached, and a hell-fire, a fire set ablaze, burning fiercely, in which they shall be chastised.

٤ {إنا أعتدنا} هيأنا {للكافرين سلاسل} يسحبون بها في النار {وأغلالا} في أعناقهم تشد فيها السلاسل {وسعيرا} نارا مسعرة، أي مهيجة يعذبون بها.

5 Truly the righteous (abrār is the plural of barr or bārr), namely, the obedient ones, will drink from a cup (ka’s is a vessel for drinking wine and this ˹wine˺ will be in it; what is meant is ˹that they will drink˺ from ‘wine’, ˹a case where˺ the actuality is referred to by the name of the locus ˹in which it is found˺; min, ‘from, is partitive) whose mixture, that with which it is mixed, is camphor;

٥ {إن الأبرار} جمع بر أو بار وهم المطيعون {يشربون من كأس} هو إناء شرب الخمر وهي فيه والمراد من خمر تسمية للحال باسم المحل ومن للتبعيض {كان مزاجها} ما يمزج به {كافورا}.

6 a spring (‘aynan substitutes for kāfūran), containing the scent thereof, from which the servants of God, His friends, drink, making it gush forth plenteously, directing it to wherever they wish of their dwellings.

٦ {عينا} بدل من كافورا فيها رائحته {يشرب بها} منها {عباد الله} أولياؤه {يفجّرونها تفجيرا} يقودونها حيث شاءوا من منازلهم.

7 They fulfil their vows, ˹pledged˺ in obedience to God, and fear a day the evil of which will be widespread.

٧ {يوفون بالنذر} في طاعة الله {ويخافون يوما كان شره مستطيرا} منتشرا.

8 And they give food, despite ˹their˺ love of it, that is to say, ˹despite their love˺ of food and their craving for it, to the needy, the poor, and the orphan, who does not have a father, and the prisoner, meaning the one who has been rightly imprisoned.

٨ {ويطعمون الطعام على حبه} أي الطعام وشهوتهم له {مسكينا} فقيرا {ويتيما} لا أب له {وأسيرا} يعني المحبوس بحق.

9 ‘We feed you only for the sake of God, seeking His reward. We do not desire any reward from you, nor any thanks: this contains the reason for the giving of the food. Now, do they actually say this, or is it that God knows this ˹to be true˺ of them and has thus praised them by ˹mentioning˺ it? The two are different opinions ˹regarding this matter˺.

٩ {إنما نطعمكم لوجه الله} لطلب ثوابه {لا نريد منكم جزاء ولا شكورا} شكرا فيه علة الإطعام وهل تكلموا بذلك أو علمه الله منهم فأثنى عليهم به، قولان.

10 Indeed we fear from our Lord a day of frowning, one in which faces scowl, in other words, a horrid day to observe on account of its severity, calamitous’, severe in that respect.

١٠ {إنا نخاف من ربنا يوما عبوْسا} تكلح الوجوه فيه أي كريه المنظر لشدته {قمطريرا} شديدا في ذلك.

11 God has therefore shielded them from the evil of that day, and has granted them radiance, fairness and resplendence in their faces, and joy.

١١ {فوقاهم الله شر ذلك اليوم ولقاهم} أعطاهم {نضرة} حسنا وإضاءة في وجوههم {وسرورا}.

12 And He has rewarded them for their patience, for their steadfastness in refraining from disobedience, with a Garden, into which they are admitted, and silk, which they are given to wear;

١٢ {وجزاهم بما صبروا} بصبرهم عن المعصية {جنة} أدخلوها {وحريرا} البسوه.