30. Sūrat al-Rūm (2/2)

٣٠۔ سُورَةُ الرُّوم ص ٢

Qurʾān > Chapter 30
القرآن > كتاب ٣٠

The Romans (Meccan)

quran:30:51 –

But if We should send a ˹bad˺ wind and they saw ˹their crops˺ turned yellow, they would remain thereafter disbelievers.  

But if (wa-la-in, the lām is for oaths) We unleash a ˹different˺ wind, that damages vegetation, and they see it turn yellow, they would begin (la-zallū is the response to the ˹conditional˺ oath) after that, that is, after its turning yellow, to disbelieve, to deny the grace of ˹having been given˺ rain.
القرآن:٣٠:٥١ –

وَلَئِنْ أَرْسَلْنَا رِيحًا فَرَأَوْهُ مُصْفَرًّا لَظَلُّوا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ يَكْفُرُونَ  

{ولئن} لام قسم {أرسلنا ريحا} مضرة على نبات {فرأوهُ مصفرا لظلوا} صاروا جواب القسم {من بعده} أي بعد إصفراره {يكفرون} يجحدون النعمة بالمطر.
quran:30:52 –

So indeed, you will not make the dead hear, nor will you make the deaf hear the call when they turn their backs, retreating.  

And so you cannot make the dead hear, nor can you make the deaf hear the call when (read al-du‘ā’a idhā, pronouncing both hamzas, or by not pronouncing the second one ˹that comes˺ between it and the yā’) they go away with their backs turned.
القرآن:٣٠:٥٢ –

فَإِنَّكَ لَا تُسْمِعُ الْمَوْتَىٰ وَلَا تُسْمِعُ الصُّمَّ الدُّعَاءَ إِذَا وَلَّوْا مُدْبِرِينَ  

{فإنك لا تُسمع الموتى ولا تُسمع الصم الدعاء إذا} بتحقيق الهمزتين وتسهيل الثانية بينها وبين الياء {ولَّوْا مدبرين}.
quran:30:53 –

And you cannot guide the blind away from their error. You will only make hear those who believe in Our verses so they are Muslims ˹in submission to Allah˺.  

Nor can you guide the blind out of their error. You can only make hear, in a way so as to understand and accept, those who believe in Our signs, ˹in˺ the Qur’ān, and have thus submitted, sincere in their affirmation of God’s Oneness.
القرآن:٣٠:٥٣ –

وَمَا أَنْتَ بِهَادِ الْعُمْيِ عَنْ ضَلَالَتِهِمْ ۖ إِنْ تُسْمِعُ إِلَّا مَنْ يُؤْمِنُ بِآيَاتِنَا فَهُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ  

{وما أنت بهادِ العمي عن ضلالتهم إن} ما {تُسمع} سماع إفهام وقبول {إلا من يؤمن بآياتنا} القرآن {فهم مسلمون} مخلصون بتوحيد الله.
quran:30:54 –

Allah is the one who created you from weakness, then made after weakness strength, then made after strength weakness and white hair. He creates what He wills, and He is the Knowing, the Competent.  

God is the One Who created you from ˹a state of˺ weakness, ˹from˺ a ‘base fluid’ ˹cf. Q. 32:8˺, then He ordained after, a second, weakness, which is the weakness of ˹the period of˺ childhood, strength, that is, the strength of youth, then after strength He appointed weakness ˹again˺ and grey hair, the weakness of old age and the grey hairs of decrepitude (read ˹vocalised as˺ du‘f, ‘weakness’, in all three places). He creates what He will, of weakness and strength, youth and grey hairs, and He is the Knower, of how to manage His creatures, the Omnipotent.
القرآن:٣٠:٥٤ –

اللَّهُ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ ضَعْفٍ ثُمَّ جَعَلَ مِنْ بَعْدِ ضَعْفٍ قُوَّةً ثُمَّ جَعَلَ مِنْ بَعْدِ قُوَّةٍ ضَعْفًا وَشَيْبَةً ۚ يَخْلُقُ مَا يَشَاءُ ۖ وَهُوَ الْعَلِيمُ الْقَدِيرُ  

{الله الذي خلقكم من ضعف} ماء مهين {ثم جعل من بعد ضعف} آخر، وهو ضعف الطفولية {قوةً} أي قوة الشباب {ثم من بعد قوةٍ ضعفاً وشيبةً} ضعف الكبر وشيب الهرم والضعف في الثلاثة بضم أوله وفتحه {يخلق ما يشاء} من الضعف والقوة والشباب والشيبة {وهو العليم} بتدبير خلقه {القدير} على ما يشاء.
quran:30:55 –

And the Day the Hour appears the criminals will swear they had remained but an hour. Thus they were deluded.  

And on the Day when the Hour comes the guilty, the disbelievers, shall swear that they had not remained more than an hour, in the grave. God, exalted be He, says: That is how they use to be deceived, ˹how˺ they used to be turned away from the truth — the Resurrection — similar to the way in which they have ˹now˺ been turned away from the real truth about how long they had remained.
القرآن:٣٠:٥٥ –

وَيَوْمَ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ يُقْسِمُ الْمُجْرِمُونَ مَا لَبِثُوا غَيْرَ سَاعَةٍ ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ كَانُوا يُؤْفَكُونَ  

{ويوم تقوم الساعة يُقسم} يحلف {المجرمون} الكافرون {ما لبثوا} في القبور {غير ساعة} قال تعالى: {كذلك كانوا يؤفكون} يصرفون عن الحق: البعث كما صرفوا عن الحق الصدق في مدة اللبث.
quran:30:56 –

But those who were given knowledge and faith will say, "You remained the extent of Allah 's decree until the Day of Resurrection, and this is the Day of Resurrection, but you did not used to know."  

But those who have been given knowledge and faith, of angels and others, shall say, ‘You have remained according to God’s decree, in accordance with what He had decreed ˹for you˺ in His prior knowledge, until the Day of Resurrection. This is the Day of Resurrection, which you rejected, but you did not know’, that it would come to pass.
القرآن:٣٠:٥٦ –

وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْعِلْمَ وَالْإِيمَانَ لَقَدْ لَبِثْتُمْ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ الْبَعْثِ ۖ فَهَٰذَا يَوْمُ الْبَعْثِ وَلَٰكِنَّكُمْ كُنْتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ  

{وقال الذين أوتوا العلم والإيمان} من الملائكة وغيرهم {لقد لبثتم في كتاب الله} فيما كتبه في سابق علمه {إلى يوم البعث فهذا يوم البعث} الذي أنكرتموه {ولكنكم كنتم لا تعلمون} وقوعه.
quran:30:57 –

So that Day, their excuse will not benefit those who wronged, nor will they be asked to appease ˹Allah˺.  

So on that day their excuses, for denying it, will not profit (read lā yanfa‘u or lā tanfa‘u) the evildoers, nor will they be asked to make amends (yusta‘tabūna means ‘they will ˹not˺ be asked for al-‘utbā’, which denotes ‘a return to that which pleases God’).
القرآن:٣٠:٥٧ –

فَيَوْمَئِذٍ لَا يَنْفَعُ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا مَعْذِرَتُهُمْ وَلَا هُمْ يُسْتَعْتَبُونَ  

{فيومئذٍ لا ينفع} بالياء والتاء {الذين ظلموا معذرتُهم} في إنكارهم له {ولا هم يستعتبون} لا يطلب منهم العتبى: أي الرجوع إلى ما يرضي الله.
quran:30:58 –

And We have certainly presented to the people in this Qur'an from every ˹kind of˺ example. But, ˹O Muhammad˺, if you should bring them a sign, the disbelievers will surely say, "You ˹believers˺ are but falsifiers."  

And verily We have struck, We have coined, for mankind in this Qur’ān every ˹kind of˺ similitude, as a way of cautioning them. And if (wa-la-in, the lām is for oaths) you, O Muhammad (s), were to bring them a ˹miraculous˺ sign, such as the staff or the hand in the case of Moses, those who disbelieve, from among them, will certainly say (la-yaqūlanna: the indicative nūn has been omitted because of the other nūn coming after it, and likewise the wāw ˹replaced by the damma in lu˺, because of two unvocalised consonants coming together and it indicates the plural person), ‘You — in other words, Muhammad (s) and his Companions — are nothing but followers of falsehood’.
القرآن:٣٠:٥٨ –

وَلَقَدْ ضَرَبْنَا لِلنَّاسِ فِي هَٰذَا الْقُرْآنِ مِنْ كُلِّ مَثَلٍ ۚ وَلَئِنْ جِئْتَهُمْ بِآيَةٍ لَيَقُولَنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا إِنْ أَنْتُمْ إِلَّا مُبْطِلُونَ  

{ولقد ضربنا} جعلنا {للناس في هذا القرآن من كل مثل} تنبيهاً لهم {ولئن} لام قسم {جئتهم} يا محمد {بآية} مثل العصا واليد لموسى {ليقولنّ} حذف منه نون الرفع لتوالي النونات، والواو ضمير الجمع لالتقاء الساكنين {الذين كفروا} منهم {إن} ما {أنتم} أي محمد وأصحابه {إلا مبطلون} أصحاب أباطيل.
quran:30:59 –

Thus does Allah seal the hearts of those who do not know.  

Thus does God seal the hearts of those who do not know, ˹anything of˺ God’s Oneness, in the same way that He has sealed the hearts of these ˹aforementioned individuals˺.
القرآن:٣٠:٥٩ –

كَذَٰلِكَ يَطْبَعُ اللَّهُ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِ الَّذِينَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ  

{كذلك يطبع الله على قلوب الذين لا يعلمون} التوحيد كما طبع على قلوب هؤلاء.
quran:30:60 –

So be patient. Indeed, the promise of Allah is truth. And let them not disquiet you who are not certain ˹in faith˺.  

So be patient. Surely God’s promise, to give you victory over them, is true. And do not let them cause you to be inconstant, those who are uncertain, of the Resurrection, in other words, do not let them cause you to succumb to inconstancy and frivolity by abandoning patience, that is to say, do not abandon it. Meccan, except for verses 27, 28 and 29, which are Medinese; it consists of 34 verses revealed after ˹sūrat˺ al-Sāffāt.
القرآن:٣٠:٦٠ –

فَاصْبِرْ إِنَّ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ حَقٌّ ۖ وَلَا يَسْتَخِفَّنَّكَ الَّذِينَ لَا يُوقِنُونَ  

{فاصبر إنَّ وعد الله} بنصرك عليهم {حق ولا يستخفنك الذين لا يوقنون} بالبعث: أي لا يحملنَّك على الخفة والطيش بترك الصبر: أي لا تتركه.