30. Sūrat al-Rūm

٣٠۔ سُورَةُ الرُّوم

30.8 God sent His Messengers for the guidance of people; some believed while others rejected. God subjected the guilty to His retribution and helped the Believers. God said: O Prophet, you cannot make the dead to hear you.

٣٠۔٨ مقطع في سُورَةُ الرُّوم

quran:30:46

And of His signs is that He sends the winds as bringers of good tidings and to let you taste His mercy and so the ships may sail at His command and so you may seek of His bounty, and perhaps you will be grateful.  

And of His signs, exalted be He, is that He unleashes the winds as bearers of good tidings, meaning, so that they may bring you good tidings of rain, and that He may let you taste, thereby, of His mercy, namely, ˹in the way of˺ rain and fertile soil, and that the ships may run, thereby, by His command, by His will, and that you may seek, ˹that you may˺ request of, His bounty, provision, by way of commerce at sea, and that perhaps you might ˹then˺ give thanks, for these graces, O people of Mecca, and so affirm His Oneness.
القرآن:٣٠:٤٦

وَمِنْ آيَاتِهِ أَنْ يُرْسِلَ الرِّيَاحَ مُبَشِّرَاتٍ وَلِيُذِيقَكُمْ مِنْ رَحْمَتِهِ وَلِتَجْرِيَ الْفُلْكُ بِأَمْرِهِ وَلِتَبْتَغُوا مِنْ فَضْلِهِ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ  

{ومن آياته} تعالى {أن يرسل الرياح مبشرات} بمعنى لتبشركم بالمطر {وليذيقكم} بها {من رحمته} المطر والخصب {ولتجري الفلك} السفن بها {بأمره} بإرادته {ولتبتغوا} تطلبوا {من فضله} الرزق بالتجارة في البحر {ولعلكم تشكرون} هذه النعم يا أهل مكة فتوحدوه.
quran:30:47

And We have already sent messengers before you to their peoples, and they came to them with clear evidences; then We took retribution from those who committed crimes, and incumbent upon Us was support of the believers.  

And verily We sent before you messengers to their people and they brought them clear signs, plain proofs of their sincerity concerning their Message to them, but they denied them. Then We took vengeance upon those who were guilty, We destroyed those who denied them, and it was ever incumbent upon Us to give victory to the believers, over the disbelievers, by destroying these and delivering the believers.
القرآن:٣٠:٤٧

وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ رُسُلًا إِلَىٰ قَوْمِهِمْ فَجَاءُوهُمْ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ فَانْتَقَمْنَا مِنَ الَّذِينَ أَجْرَمُوا ۖ وَكَانَ حَقًّا عَلَيْنَا نَصْرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ  

ولقد أرسلنا من قبلك رسلاً إلى قومهم فجاؤوهم بالبينات} بالحجج الواضحات على صدقهم في رسالتهم إليهم فكذبوهم {فانتقمنا من الذين أجرموا} أهلكنا الذين كذبوهم {وكان حقاً علينا نصر المؤمنين} على الكافرين بإهلاكهم وإنجاء المؤمنين.
quran:30:48

It is Allah who sends the winds, and they stir the clouds and spread them in the sky however He wills, and He makes them fragments so you see the rain emerge from within them. And when He causes it to fall upon whom He wills of His servants, immediately they rejoice  

God is the One Who unleashes the winds which then raise, stir up, clouds, and He then spreads them across the heaven as He will, in small or large quantities, and He forms them into fragments (read kisafan or kisfan: ‘scattered pieces’) then you see the rain issuing out of them, that is, out of the midst of them. Then when He drops it, the rain, upon whomever of His servants He will, lo! they rejoice, they are happy because of the rain.
القرآن:٣٠:٤٨

اللَّهُ الَّذِي يُرْسِلُ الرِّيَاحَ فَتُثِيرُ سَحَابًا فَيَبْسُطُهُ فِي السَّمَاءِ كَيْفَ يَشَاءُ وَيَجْعَلُهُ كِسَفًا فَتَرَى الْوَدْقَ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ خِلَالِهِ ۖ فَإِذَا أَصَابَ بِهِ مَنْ يَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ إِذَا هُمْ يَسْتَبْشِرُونَ  

{الله الذي يرسل الرياح فتثير سحابا} تزعجه {فيبسطه في السماء كيف يشاء} من قلة وكثرة {ويجعله كسفا} بفتح السين وسكونها قطعا متفرقة {فترى الودق} المطر {يخرج من خلاله} أي وسطه {فإذا أصاب به} بالودق {من يشاء من عباده إذا هم يستبشرون} يفرحون بالمطر.
quran:30:49

Although they were, before it was sent down upon them - before that, in despair.  

Though indeed before it was sent down upon them, before that (min qablihi is ˹repeated˺ for emphasis) they had been despondent, despairing of its sending down.
القرآن:٣٠:٤٩

وَإِنْ كَانُوا مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يُنَزَّلَ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ لَمُبْلِسِينَ  

{وإن} وقد {كانوا من قبل أن يُنزَّل عليهم من قبله} تأكيد {لمبلسين} آيسين من إنزاله.
quran:30:50

So observe the effects of the mercy of Allah - how He gives life to the earth after its lifelessness. Indeed, that ˹same one˺ will give life to the dead, and He is over all things competent.  

So behold the effects (a variant reading has ˹singular˺ athar, ‘the effect’) of God's mercy, that is, His grace in giving ˹them˺ rain, how He revives the earth after it has died, ˹after˺ it has dried out, so that it produces vegetation ˹again˺. Surely He is the Reviver of the dead and He has power over all things.
القرآن:٣٠:٥٠

فَانْظُرْ إِلَىٰ آثَارِ رَحْمَتِ اللَّهِ كَيْفَ يُحْيِي الْأَرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا ۚ إِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ لَمُحْيِي الْمَوْتَىٰ ۖ وَهُوَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ  

{فانظر إلى أثر} وفي قراءة آثار {رحمة الله} أي نعمته بالمطر {كيف يحيي الأرض بعد موتها} أي يبسها بأن تنبت {إن ذلك لمحيي الموتى وهو على كل شيءٍ قدير}.
quran:30:51

But if We should send a ˹bad˺ wind and they saw ˹their crops˺ turned yellow, they would remain thereafter disbelievers.  

But if (wa-la-in, the lām is for oaths) We unleash a ˹different˺ wind, that damages vegetation, and they see it turn yellow, they would begin (la-zallū is the response to the ˹conditional˺ oath) after that, that is, after its turning yellow, to disbelieve, to deny the grace of ˹having been given˺ rain.
القرآن:٣٠:٥١

وَلَئِنْ أَرْسَلْنَا رِيحًا فَرَأَوْهُ مُصْفَرًّا لَظَلُّوا مِنْ بَعْدِهِ يَكْفُرُونَ  

{ولئن} لام قسم {أرسلنا ريحا} مضرة على نبات {فرأوهُ مصفرا لظلوا} صاروا جواب القسم {من بعده} أي بعد إصفراره {يكفرون} يجحدون النعمة بالمطر.
quran:30:52

So indeed, you will not make the dead hear, nor will you make the deaf hear the call when they turn their backs, retreating.  

And so you cannot make the dead hear, nor can you make the deaf hear the call when (read al-du‘ā’a idhā, pronouncing both hamzas, or by not pronouncing the second one ˹that comes˺ between it and the yā’) they go away with their backs turned.
القرآن:٣٠:٥٢

فَإِنَّكَ لَا تُسْمِعُ الْمَوْتَىٰ وَلَا تُسْمِعُ الصُّمَّ الدُّعَاءَ إِذَا وَلَّوْا مُدْبِرِينَ  

{فإنك لا تُسمع الموتى ولا تُسمع الصم الدعاء إذا} بتحقيق الهمزتين وتسهيل الثانية بينها وبين الياء {ولَّوْا مدبرين}.
quran:30:53

And you cannot guide the blind away from their error. You will only make hear those who believe in Our verses so they are Muslims ˹in submission to Allah˺.  

Nor can you guide the blind out of their error. You can only make hear, in a way so as to understand and accept, those who believe in Our signs, ˹in˺ the Qur’ān, and have thus submitted, sincere in their affirmation of God’s Oneness.
القرآن:٣٠:٥٣

وَمَا أَنْتَ بِهَادِ الْعُمْيِ عَنْ ضَلَالَتِهِمْ ۖ إِنْ تُسْمِعُ إِلَّا مَنْ يُؤْمِنُ بِآيَاتِنَا فَهُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ  

{وما أنت بهادِ العمي عن ضلالتهم إن} ما {تُسمع} سماع إفهام وقبول {إلا من يؤمن بآياتنا} القرآن {فهم مسلمون} مخلصون بتوحيد الله.