ʿUkaz, Majanna and Dhul-Majaz were markets in the Pre-Islamic period. When the people embraced Islam they considered it a sin to trade there. So, the following Holy Verse came:-- 'There is no harm for you if you seek of the bounty of your Lord (Allah) in the Hajj season." (2.198) Ibn ʿAbbas recited it like this.  

كَانَتْ عُكَاظٌ وَمَجَنَّةُ وَذُو الْمَجَازِ أَسْوَاقًا فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَلَمَّا كَانَ الإِسْلاَمُ تَأَثَّمُوا مِنَ التِّجَارَةِ فِيهَا فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ {لَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحٌ} فِي مَوَاسِمِ الْحَجِّ قَرَأَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ كَذَا  

Here (i.e. in Mecca) there was a man called Nawwas and he had camels suffering from the disease of excessive and unquenchable thirst. Ibn ʿUmar went to the partner of Nawwas and bought those camels. The man returned to Nawwas and told him that he had sold those camels. Nawwas asked him, "To whom have you sold them?" He replied, "To such and such Sheikh." Nawwas said, "Woe to you; By Allah, that Sheikh was Ibn ʿUmar." Nawwas then went to Ibn ʿUmar and said to him, "My partner sold you camels suffering from the disease of excessive thirst and he had not known you." Ibn ʿUmar told him to take them back. When Nawwas went to take them, Ibn ʿUmar said to him, "Leave them there as I am happy with the decision of Messenger of Allah ﷺ that there is no oppression . "  

إِنَّ شَرِيكِي بَاعَكَ إِبِلاً هِيمًا وَلَمْ يَعْرِفْكَ قَالَ فَاسْتَقْهَا قَالَ فَلَمَّا ذَهَبَ يَسْتَاقُهَا فَقَالَ دَعْهَا رَضِينَا بِقَضَاءِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ لاَ عَدْوَى سَمِعَ سُفْيَانُ عَمْرًا  

We set out with Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the year of Hunain, (the Prophet ﷺ gave me an armor). I sold that armor and bought a garden in the region of the tribe of Bani Salama and that was the first property I got after embracing Islam.  

خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَامَ حُنَيْنٍ فَأَعْطَاهُ يَعْنِي دِرْعًا فَبِعْتُ الدِّرْعَ فَابْتَعْتُ بِهِ مَخْرَفًا فِي بَنِي سَلِمَةَ فَإِنَّهُ لأَوَّلُ مَالٍ تَأَثَّلْتُهُ فِي الإِسْلاَمِ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The example of a good companion (who sits with you) in comparison with a bad one, is like that of the musk seller and the blacksmith's bellows (or furnace); from the first you would either buy musk or enjoy its good smell while the bellows would either burn your clothes or your house, or you get a bad nasty smell thereof."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَثَلُ الْجَلِيسِ الصَّالِحِ وَالْجَلِيسِ السَّوْءِ كَمَثَلِ صَاحِبِ الْمِسْكِ وَكِيرِ الْحَدَّادِ لاَ يَعْدَمُكَ مِنْ صَاحِبِ الْمِسْكِ إِمَّا تَشْتَرِيهِ أَوْ تَجِدُ رِيحَهُ وَكِيرُ الْحَدَّادِ يُحْرِقُ بَدَنَكَ أَوْ ثَوْبَكَ أَوْ تَجِدُ مِنْهُ رِيحًا خَبِيثَةً  

Abu Taiba cupped Messenger of Allah ﷺ so he ordered that he be paid one Sa of dates and ordered his masters to reduce his tax (as he was a slave and had to pay a tax to them).  

حَجَمَ أَبُو طَيْبَةَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَمَرَ لَهُ بِصَاعٍ مِنْ تَمْرٍ وَأَمَرَ أَهْلَهُ أَنْ يُخَفِّفُوا مِنْ خَرَاجِهِ  

Once the Prophet ﷺ got his blood out (medically) and paid that person who had done it. If it had been illegal, the Prophet ﷺ would not have paid him.  

احْتَجَمَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَأَعْطَى الَّذِي حَجَمَهُ وَلَوْ كَانَ حَرَامًا لَمْ يُعْطِهِ  

Once the Prophet ﷺ sent to ʿUmar a silken two-piece garment, and when he saw ʿUmar wearing it, he said to him, "I have not sent it to you to wear. It is worn by him who has no share in the Hereafter, and I have sent it to you so that you could benefit by it (i.e. sell it).  

أَرْسَلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِلَى عُمَرَ ؓ بِحُلَّةِ حَرِيرٍ أَوْ سِيرَاءَ فَرَآهَا عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ إِنِّي لَمْ أُرْسِلْ بِهَا إِلَيْكَ لِتَلْبَسَهَا إِنَّمَا يَلْبَسُهَا مَنْ لاَ خَلاَقَ لَهُ إِنَّمَا بَعَثْتُ إِلَيْكَ لِتَسْتَمْتِعَ بِهَا يَعْنِي تَبِيعُهَا  

(mother of the faithful believers) I bought a cushion with pictures on it. When Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw it, he kept standing at the door and did not enter the house. I noticed the sign of disgust on his face, so I said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! I repent to Allah and H is Apostle . (Please let me know) what sin I have done." Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "What about this cushion?" I replied, "I bought it for you to sit and recline on." Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The painters (i.e. owners) of these pictures will be punished on the Day of Resurrection. It will be said to them, 'Put life in what you have created (i.e. painted).' " The Prophet ﷺ added, "The angels do not enter a house where there are pictures."  

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ أُمِّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ؓ أَنَّهَا أَخْبَرَتْهُ أَنَّهَا اشْتَرَتْ نُمْرُقَةً فِيهَا تَصَاوِيرُ فَلَمَّا رَآهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَامَ عَلَى الْبَابِ فَلَمْ يَدْخُلْهُ فَعَرَفْتُ فِي وَجْهِهِ الْكَرَاهِيَةَ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَتُوبُ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَإِلَى رَسُولِهِ ﷺ مَاذَا أَذْنَبْتُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا بَالُ هَذِهِ النُّمْرُقَةِ قُلْتُ اشْتَرَيْتُهَا لَكَ لِتَقْعُدَ عَلَيْهَا وَتَوَسَّدَهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِنَّ أَصْحَابَ هَذِهِ الصُّوَرِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ يُعَذَّبُونَ فَيُقَالُ لَهُمْ أَحْيُوا مَا خَلَقْتُمْ وَقَالَ إِنَّ الْبَيْتَ الَّذِي فِيهِ الصُّوَرُ لاَ تَدْخُلُهُ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "O Bani Najjar! Suggest a price for your garden." Part of it was a ruin and it contained some date palms.  

النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَا بَنِي النَّجَّارِ ثَامِنُونِي بِحَائِطِكُمْ وَفِيهِ خِرَبٌ وَنَخْلٌ  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "The buyer and the seller have the option to cancel or confirm the bargain before they separate from each other or if the sale is optional." Nafiʿ said, "Ibn ʿUmar used to separate quickly from the seller if he had bought a thing which he liked."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ إِنَّ الْمُتَبَايِعَيْنِ بِالْخِيَارِ فِي بَيْعِهِمَا مَا لَمْ يَتَفَرَّقَا أَوْ يَكُونُ الْبَيْعُ خِيَارًا قَالَ نَافِعٌ وَكَانَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ إِذَا اشْتَرَى شَيْئًا يُعْجِبُهُ فَارَقَ صَاحِبَهُ  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "The buyer and the seller have the option of canceling or confirming the deal unless they separate."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ الْبَيِّعَانِ بِالْخِيَارِ مَا لَمْ يَفْتَرِقَا وَزَادَ أَحْمَدُ حَدَّثَنَا بَهْزٌ قَالَ قَالَ هَمَّامٌ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لأَبِي التَّيَّاحِ فَقَالَ كُنْتُ مَعَ أَبِي الْخَلِيلِ لَمَّا حَدَّثَهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The seller and the buyer have the option of canceling or confirming the deal unless they separate, or one of them says to the other, 'Choose (i.e. decide to cancel or confirm the bargain now)." Perhaps he said, 'Or if it is an optional sale.' " Ibn ʿUmar, Shuraih, Ash-Shuʿbi, Tawus, Ata, and Ibn Abu Mulaika agree upon this judgment.  

قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الْبَيِّعَانِ بِالْخِيَارِ مَا لَمْ يَتَفَرَّقَا أَوْ يَقُولُ أَحَدُهُمَا لِصَاحِبِهِ اخْتَرْ وَرُبَّمَا قَالَ أَوْ يَكُونُ بَيْعَ خِيَارٍ  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "The buyer and the seller have the option of canceling or confirming the bargain unless they separate, and if they spoke the truth and made clear the defects of the goods, them they would be blessed in their bargain, and if they told lies and hid some facts, their bargain would be deprived of Allah's blessings."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ الْبَيِّعَانِ بِالْخِيَارِ مَا لَمْ يَتَفَرَّقَا فَإِنْ صَدَقَا وَبَيَّنَا بُورِكَ لَهُمَا فِي بَيْعِهِمَا وَإِنْ كَذَبَا وَكَتَمَا مُحِقَتْ بَرَكَةُ بَيْعِهِمَا  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Both the buyer and the seller have the option of canceling or confirming a bargain unless they separate, or the sale is optional." (See Hadith No.320).  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ الْمُتَبَايِعَانِ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا بِالْخِيَارِ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ مَا لَمْ يَتَفَرَّقَا إِلاَّ بَيْعَ الْخِيَارِ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Both the buyer and the seller have the option of canceling or confirming the bargain, as long as they are still together; and unless they separate or one of them gives the other the option of keeping or returning the things and a decision is concluded then, in which case the bargain is considered final. If they separate after the bargain and none of them has rejected it, then the bargain is rendered final."  

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ إِذَا تَبَايَعَ الرَّجُلاَنِ فَكُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا بِالْخِيَارِ مَا لَمْ يَتَفَرَّقَا وَكَانَا جَمِيعًا أَوْ يُخَيِّرُ أَحَدُهُمَا الآخَرَ فَتَبَايَعَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ وَجَبَ الْبَيْعُ وَإِنْ تَفَرَّقَا بَعْدَ أَنْ يَتَبَايَعَا وَلَمْ يَتْرُكْ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمَا الْبَيْعَ فَقَدْ وَجَبَ الْبَيْعُ  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "No deal is settled and finalized unless the buyer and the seller separate, except if the deal is optional (whereby the validity of the bargain depends on the stipulations agreed upon).  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ كُلُّ بَيِّعَيْنِ لاَ بَيْعَ بَيْنَهُمَا حَتَّى يَتَفَرَّقَا إِلاَّ بَيْعَ الْخِيَارِ  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "Both the buyer and the seller have the option of canceling or confirming the bargain unless they separate." The sub-narrator, Hammam said, "I found this in my book: 'Both the buyer and the seller give the option of either confirming or canceling the bargain three times, and if they speak the truth and mention the defects, then their bargain will be blessed, and if they tell lies and conceal the defects, they might gain some financial gain but they will deprive their sale of (Allah's) blessings."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ الْبَيِّعَانِ بِالْخِيَارِ مَا لَمْ يَتَفَرَّقَا قَالَ هَمَّامٌ وَجَدْتُ فِي كِتَابِي يَخْتَارُ ثَلاَثَ مِرَارٍ فَإِنْ صَدَقَا وَبَيَّنَا بُورِكَ لَهُمَا فِي بَيْعِهِمَا وَإِنْ كَذَبَا وَكَتَمَا فَعَسَى أَنْ يَرْبَحَا رِبْحًا وَيُمْحَقَا بَرَكَةَ بَيْعِهِمَا قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنَا هَمَّامٌ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو التَّيَّاحِ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ الْحَارِثِ يُحَدِّثُ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ حِزَامٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ  

We were accompanying the Prophet ﷺ on a journey and I was riding an unmanageable camel belonging to 'Umar (ra), and I could not bring it under my control. So, it used to go ahead of the party and 'Umar would check it and force it to retreat, and again it went ahead and again 'Umar forced it to retreat. The Prophet ﷺ asked 'Umar to sell that camel to him. 'Umar replied, "It is for you O Messenger of Allah !" Messenger of Allah ﷺ told 'Umar to sell that camel to him (not to give it as gift). So, 'Umar sold it to Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Then the Prophet ﷺ said to 'Abdullah bin 'Umar "This camel is for you O 'Abdullah (as a present) and you could do with it whatever you like."  

كُنَّا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي سَفَرٍ فَكُنْتُ عَلَى بَكْرٍ صَعْبٍ لِعُمَرَ فَكَانَ يَغْلِبُنِي فَيَتَقَدَّمُ أَمَامَ الْقَوْمِ فَيَزْجُرُهُ عُمَرُ وَيَرُدُّهُ ثُمَّ يَتَقَدَّمُ فَيَزْجُرُهُ عُمَرُ وَيَرُدُّهُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لِعُمَرَ بِعْنِيهِ قَالَ هُوَ لَكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ بِعْنِيهِ فَبَاعَهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ هُوَ لَكَ يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ تَصْنَعُ بِهِ مَا شِئْتَ  

I bartered my property in Khaibar to 'Uthman (chief of the faithful believers) for his property in Al-Wadi. When we finished the deal, I left immediately and got out of his house lest he should cancel the deal, for the tradition was that they buyer and the seller had the option of canceling the bargain unless they separated. When out deal was completed, I came to know that I have been unfair to 'Uthman, for by selling him my land I caused him to be in a land of Thamud, at a distance of three days journey from Al-Madina, while he made me neared to Al-Madina, at a distance of three days journey from my former land.  

بِعْتُ مِنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عُثْمَانَ مَالاً بِالْوَادِي بِمَالٍ لَهُ بِخَيْبَرَ فَلَمَّا تَبَايَعْنَا رَجَعْتُ عَلَى عَقِبِي حَتَّى خَرَجْتُ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ خَشْيَةَ أَنْ يُرَادَّنِي الْبَيْعَ وَكَانَتِ السُّنَّةُ أَنَّ الْمُتَبَايِعَيْنِ بِالْخِيَارِ حَتَّى يَتَفَرَّقَا قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ فَلَمَّا وَجَبَ بَيْعِي وَبَيْعُهُ رَأَيْتُ أَنِّي قَدْ غَبَنْتُهُ بِأَنِّي سُقْتُهُ إِلَى أَرْضِ ثَمُودٍ بِثَلاَثِ لَيَالٍ وَسَاقَنِي إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ بِثَلاَثِ لَيَالٍ  

A person came to the Prophet ﷺ and told him that he was always betrayed in purchasing. The Prophet ﷺ told him to say at the time of buying, "No cheating."  

أَنَّ رَجُلاً ذَكَرَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ يُخْدَعُ فِي الْبُيُوعِ فَقَالَ إِذَا بَايَعْتَ فَقُلْ لاَ خِلاَبَةَ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "An army will invade the Kaʿba and when the invaders reach al-Baidāʾ, all the ground will sink and swallow the whole army." I said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! How will they sink into the ground while amongst them will be their markets (the people who worked in business and not invaders) and the people not belonging to them?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "all of those people will sink but they will be resurrected and judged according to their intentions."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «يَغْزُو جَيْشٌ الْكَعْبَةَ فَإِذَا كَانُوا بِبَيْدَاءَ مِنَ الأَرْضِ، يُخْسَفُ بِأَوَّلِهِمْ وَآخِرِهِمْ۔» قَالَتْ قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ كَيْفَ يُخْسَفُ بِأَوَّلِهِمْ وَآخِرِهِمْ وَفِيهِمْ أَسْوَاقُهُمْ؟ وَمَنْ لَيْسَ مِنْهُمْ؟ قَالَ: «يُخْسَفُ بِأَوَّلِهِمْ وَآخِرِهِمْ ثُمَّ يُبْعَثُونَ عَلَى نِيَّاتِهِمْ۔»  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The congregational prayer of anyone amongst you is more than twenty (five or twenty seven) times in reward than his prayer in the market or in his house, for if he performs ablution completely and then goes to the mosque with the sole intention of performing the prayer, and nothing urges him to proceed to the mosque except the prayer, then, on every step which he takes towards the mosque, he will be raised one degree or one of his sins will be forgiven. The angels will keep on asking Allah's forgiveness and blessings for everyone of you so long as he keeps sitting at his praying place. The angels will say, 'O Allah, bless him! O Allah, be merciful to him!' as long as he does not do Hadath or a thing which gives trouble to the other." The Prophet ﷺ further said, "One is regarded in prayer so long as one is waiting for the prayer."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ صَلاَةُ أَحَدِكُمْ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ تَزِيدُ عَلَى صَلاَتِهِ فِي سُوقِهِ وَبَيْتِهِ بِضْعًا وَعِشْرِينَ دَرَجَةً وَذَلِكَ بِأَنَّهُ إِذَا تَوَضَّأَ فَأَحْسَنَ الْوُضُوءَ ثُمَّ أَتَى الْمَسْجِدَ لاَ يُرِيدُ إِلاَّ الصَّلاَةَ لاَ يَنْهَزُهُ إِلاَّ الصَّلاَةُ لَمْ يَخْطُ خَطْوَةً إِلاَّ رُفِعَ بِهَا دَرَجَةً أَوْ حُطَّتْ عَنْهُ بِهَا خَطِيئَةٌ وَالْمَلاَئِكَةُ تُصَلِّي عَلَى أَحَدِكُمْ مَا دَامَ فِي مُصَلاَّهُ الَّذِي يُصَلِّي فِيهِ اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلَيْهِ اللَّهُمَّ ارْحَمْهُ مَا لَمْ يُحْدِثْ فِيهِ مَا لَمْ يُؤْذِ فِيهِ وَقَالَ أَحَدُكُمْ فِي صَلاَةٍ مَا كَانَتِ الصَّلاَةُ تَحْبِسُهُ  

While the Prophet ﷺ was in the market, somebody, called, "O Abul-Qasim." The Prophet ﷺ turned to him. The man said, "I have called to this (i.e. another man)." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Name yourselves by my name but not by my Kunya (name)." (In Arabic world it is the custom to call the man as the father of his eldest son, e.g. Abul-Qasim.) (See Hadith No. 737, Vol. 4)  

كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فِي السُّوقِ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ يَا أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ فَالْتَفَتَ إِلَيْهِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَقَالَ إِنَّمَا دَعَوْتُ هَذَا فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ سَمُّوا بِاسْمِي وَلاَ تَكَنَّوْا بِكُنْيَتِي  

A man at Al-Baqi' called, "O Abul-Qasim!" The Prophet ﷺ turned to him and the man said (to the Prophet ), "I did not intend to call you." The prophet said, "Name yourselves by my name but not by my Kunya (name).  

عَنْ أَنَسٍ ؓ دَعَا رَجُلٌ بِالْبَقِيعِ يَا أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ فَالْتَفَتَ إِلَيْهِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَمْ أَعْنِكَ قَالَ سَمُّوا بِاسْمِي وَلاَ تَكْتَنُوا بِكُنْيَتِي  

Once the Prophet ﷺ went out during the day. Neither did he talk to me nor I to him till he reached the market of Bani Qainuqa and then he sat in the compound of Fatima's house and asked about the small boy (his grandson Al-Hasan) but Fatima kept the boy in for a while. I thought she was either changing his clothes or giving the boy a bath. After a while the boy came out running and the Prophet ﷺ embraced and kissed him and then said, 'O Allah! Love him, and love whoever loves him.'  

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ الدَّوْسِيِّ ؓ قَالَ خَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فِي طَائِفَةِ النَّهَارِ لاَ يُكَلِّمُنِي وَلاَ أُكَلِّمُهُ حَتَّى أَتَى سُوقَ بَنِي قَيْنُقَاعَ فَجَلَسَ بِفِنَاءِ بَيْتِ فَاطِمَةَ فَقَالَ أَثَمَّ لُكَعُ أَثَمَّ لُكَعُ فَحَبَسَتْهُ شَيْئًا فَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهَا تُلْبِسُهُ سِخَابًا أَوْ تُغَسِّلُهُ فَجَاءَ يَشْتَدُّ حَتَّى عَانَقَهُ وَقَبَّلَهُ وَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ أَحْبِبْهُ وَأَحِبَّ مَنْ يُحِبُّهُ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ قَالَ عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ أَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّهُ رَأَى نَافِعَ بْنَ جُبَيْرٍ أَوْتَرَ بِرَكْعَةٍ  

Ibn ʿUmar told us that the people used to buy food from the caravans in the lifetime of the Prophet. The Prophet ﷺ used to forbid them to sell it at the very place where they had purchased it (but they were to wait) till they carried it to the market where foodstuff was sold. Ibn ʿUmar said, 'The Prophet ﷺ also forbade the reselling of foodstuff by somebody who had bought it unless he had received it with exact full measure.'  

حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ عُمَرَ أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا يَشْتَرُونَ الطَّعَامَ مِنَ الرُّكْبَانِ عَلَى عَهْدِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَيَبْعَثُ عَلَيْهِمْ مَنْ يَمْنَعُهُمْ أَنْ يَبِيعُوهُ حَيْثُ اشْتَرَوْهُ حَتَّى يَنْقُلُوهُ حَيْثُ يُبَاعُ الطَّعَامُ قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ عُمَرَ ؓ قَالَ نَهَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَنْ يُبَاعَ الطَّعَامُ إِذَا اشْتَرَاهُ حَتَّى يَسْتَوْفِيَهُ  

I met ʿAbdullah bin ʿAmr bin Al-ʿAs and asked him, "Tell me about the description of Messenger of Allah ﷺ which is mentioned in Torah (i.e. Old Testament.") He replied, 'Yes. By Allah, he is described in Torah with some of the qualities attributed to him in the Qur'an as follows: "O Prophet ! We have sent you as a witness (for Allah's True religion) And a giver of glad tidings (to the faithful believers), And a warner (to the unbelievers) And guardian of the illiterates. You are My slave and My messenger (i.e. Apostle). I have named you "Al-Mutawakkil" (who depends upon Allah). You are neither discourteous, harsh Nor a noisemaker in the markets And you do not do evil to those Who do evil to you, but you deal With them with forgiveness and kindness. Allah will not let him (the Prophet) Die till he makes straight the crooked people by making them say: "None has the right to be worshipped but Allah," With which will be opened blind eyes And deaf ears and enveloped hearts."  

أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ صِفَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ قَالَ أَجَلْ وَاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَمَوْصُوفٌ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ بِبَعْضِ صِفَتِهِ فِي الْقُرْآنِ يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِنَّا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ شَاهِدًا وَمُبَشِّرًا وَنَذِيرًا وَحِرْزًا لِلأُمِّيِّينَ أَنْتَ عَبْدِي وَرَسُولِي سَمَّيْتُكَ الْمُتَوَكِّلَ لَيْسَ بِفَظٍّ وَلاَ غَلِيظٍ وَلاَ سَخَّابٍ فِي الأَسْوَاقِ وَلاَ يَدْفَعُ بِالسَّيِّئَةِ السَّيِّئَةَ وَلَكِنْ يَعْفُو وَيَغْفِرُ وَلَنْ يَقْبِضَهُ اللَّهُ حَتَّى يُقِيمَ بِهِ الْمِلَّةَ الْعَوْجَاءَ بِأَنْ يَقُولُوا لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَيَفْتَحُ بِهَا أَعْيُنًا عُمْيًا وَآذَانًا صُمًّا وَقُلُوبًا غُلْفًا  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "He who buys foodstuff should not sell it till he is satisfied with the measure with which he has bought it.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنِ ابْتَاعَ طَعَامًا فَلاَ يَبِيعُهُ حَتَّى يَسْتَوْفِيَهُ  

ʿAbdullah bin ʿAmr bin Haram died and was in debt to others. I asked the Prophet ﷺ to intercede with his creditors for some reduction in the debts. The Prophet ﷺ requested them (to reduce the debts) but they refused. The Prophet ﷺ said to me, "Go and put your dates (In heaps) according to their different kinds. The Ajwa on one side, the cluster of Ibn Zaid on another side, etc.. Then call me." I did that and called the Prophet ﷺ He came and sat at the head or in the middle of the heaps and ordered me. Measure (the dates) for the people (creditors)." I measured for them till I paid all the debts. My dates remained as it nothing had been taken from them. In other narrations, Jabir said; The Prophet ﷺ said, "He (i.e. ʿAbdullah) continued measuring for them till he paid all the debts." The Prophet ﷺ said (to ʿAbdullah), "Cut (clusters) for him (i.e. one of the creditors) and measure for him fully."  

تُوُفِّيَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ حَرَامٍ وَعَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ فَاسْتَعَنْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ عَلَى غُرَمَائِهِ أَنْ يَضَعُوا مِنْ دَيْنِهِ فَطَلَبَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِلَيْهِمْ فَلَمْ يَفْعَلُوا فَقَالَ لِي النَّبِيُّ ﷺ اذْهَبْ فَصَنِّفْ تَمْرَكَ أَصْنَافًا الْعَجْوَةَ عَلَى حِدَةٍ وَعَذْقَ زَيْدٍ عَلَى حِدَةٍ ثُمَّ أَرْسِلْ إِلَىَّ فَفَعَلْتُ ثُمَّ أَرْسَلْتُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَجَلَسَ عَلَى أَعْلاَهُ أَوْ فِي وَسَطِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ كِلْ لِلْقَوْمِ فَكِلْتُهُمْ حَتَّى أَوْفَيْتُهُمُ الَّذِي لَهُمْ وَبَقِيَ تَمْرِي كَأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَنْقُصْ مِنْهُ شَىْءٌ وَقَالَ فِرَاسٌ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ حَدَّثَنِي جَابِرٌ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَمَا زَالَ يَكِيلُ لَهُمْ حَتَّى أَدَّاهُ وَقَالَ هِشَامٌ عَنْ وَهْبٍ عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ جُذَّ لَهُ فَأَوْفِ لَهُ  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "Measure your foodstuff and you will be blessed."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ كِيلُوا طَعَامَكُمْ يُبَارَكْ لَكُمْ  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "The Prophet ﷺ Abraham made Mecca a sanctuary, and asked for Allah's blessing in it. I made Medina a sanctuary as Abraham made Mecca a sanctuary and I asked for Allah's Blessing in its measures the Mudd and the Sa as Abraham did for Mecca.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ حَرَّمَ مَكَّةَ وَدَعَا لَهَا وَحَرَّمْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ كَمَا حَرَّمَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ مَكَّةَ وَدَعَوْتُ لَهَا فِي مُدِّهَا وَصَاعِهَا مِثْلَ مَا دَعَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ لِمَكَّةَ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "O Allah bestow your blessings on their measures, bless their Mudd and Sa." The Prophet ﷺ meant the people of Medina.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ بَارِكْ لَهُمْ فِي مِكْيَالِهِمْ وَبَارِكْ لَهُمْ فِي صَاعِهِمْ وَمُدِّهِمْ يَعْنِي أَهْلَ الْمَدِينَةِ  

that his father said. "I saw those, who used to buy foodstuff without measuring or weighing in the life time of the Prophet ﷺ being punished if they sold it before carrying it to their own houses."  

رَأَيْتُ الَّذِينَ يَشْتَرُونَ الطَّعَامَ مُجَازَفَةً يُضْرَبُونَ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَبِيعُوهُ حَتَّى يُئْوُوهُ إِلَى رِحَالِهِمْ  

Ibn ʿAbbas said, "Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the selling of foodstuff before its measuring and transferring into one's possession." I asked Ibn ʿAbbas, "How is that?" Ibn ʿAbbas replied, "It will be just like selling money for money, as the foodstuff has not been handed over to the first purchaser who is the present seller."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى أَنْ يَبِيعَ الرَّجُلُ طَعَامًا حَتَّى يَسْتَوْفِيَهُ قُلْتُ لاِبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ كَيْفَ ذَاكَ قَالَ ذَاكَ دَرَاهِمُ بِدَرَاهِمَ وَالطَّعَامُ مُرْجَأٌ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْد اللَّهِ مُرْجَئُونَ مُؤَخَّرُونَ  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "He who buys foodstuff should not sell it till he has received it."  

قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَنِ ابْتَاعَ طَعَامًا فَلاَ يَبِعْهُ حَتَّى يَقْبِضَهُ  

That the latter said, "Who has change?" Talha said, "I (will have change) when our storekeeper comes from the forest." Malik bin Aus narrated from ʿUmar bin Al-Khattab: Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The bartering of gold for gold is Riba (usury), except if it is from hand to hand and equal in amount, and wheat grain for wheat grain is usury except if it is form hand to hand and equal in amount, and dates for dates is usury except if it is from hand to hand and equal in amount, and barley for barley is usury except if it is from hand to hand and equal in amount."  

طَلْحَةُ أَنَا حَتَّى يَجِيءَ خَازِنُنَا مِنَ الْغَابَةِ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ هُوَ الَّذِي حَفِظْنَاهُ مِنَ الزُّهْرِيِّ لَيْسَ فِيهِ زِيَادَةٌ فَقَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي مَالِكُ بْنُ أَوْسٍ سَمِعَ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ يُخْبِرُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ الذَّهَبُ بِالذَّهَبِ رِبًا إِلاَّ هَاءَ وَهَاءَ وَالْبُرُّ بِالْبُرِّ رِبًا إِلاَّ هَاءَ وَهَاءَ وَالتَّمْرُ بِالتَّمْرِ رِبًا إِلاَّ هَاءَ وَهَاءَ وَالشَّعِيرُ بِالشَّعِيرِ رِبًا إِلاَّ هَاءَ وَهَاءَ  

The Prophet ﷺ forbade the selling of foodstuff before receiving it. I consider that all types of sellings should be done similarly.  

سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ يَقُولُ أَمَّا الَّذِي نَهَى عَنْهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَهْوَ الطَّعَامُ أَنْ يُبَاعَ حَتَّى يُقْبَضَ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَلاَ أَحْسِبُ كُلَّ شَىْءٍ إِلاَّ مِثْلَهُ  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "The buyer of foodstuff should not sell it before it has been measured for him." Ismaʿil narrated instead, "He should not sell it before receiving it."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ مَنِ ابْتَاعَ طَعَامًا فَلاَ يَبِعْهُ حَتَّى يَسْتَوْفِيَهُ زَادَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ مَنِ ابْتَاعَ طَعَامًا فَلاَ يَبِعْهُ حَتَّى يَقْبِضَهُ  

I saw the people buy foodstuff randomly (i.e. blindly without measuring it) in the lifetime of Allah's Apostle and they were punished (by beating), if they tried to sell it before carrying it to their own houses.  

لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ النَّاسَ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَبْتَاعُونَ جِزَافًا يَعْنِي الطَّعَامَ يُضْرَبُونَ أَنْ يَبِيعُوهُ فِي مَكَانِهِمْ حَتَّى يُؤْوُوهُ إِلَى رِحَالِهِمْ  

Rarely did the Prophet ﷺ fail to visit Abu Bakr's house everyday, either in the morning or in the evening. When the permission for migration to Medina was granted, all of a sudden the Prophet ﷺ came to us at noon and Abu Bakr was informed, who said, "Certainly the Prophet ﷺ has come for some urgent matter." The Prophet ﷺ said to Abu Bark, when the latter entered "Let nobody stay in your home." Abu Bakr said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! There are only my two daughters (namely ʿAisha and Asma') present." The Prophet ﷺ said, "I feel (am informed) that I have been granted the permission for migration." Abu Bakr said, "I will accompany you, O Messenger of Allah ﷺ!" The Prophet ﷺ said, "You will accompany me." Abu Bakr then said "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! I have two she-camels I have prepared specially for migration, so I offer you one of them. The Prophet ﷺ said, "I have accepted it on the condition that I will pay its price."  

لَقَلَّ يَوْمٌ كَانَ يَأْتِي عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ إِلاَّ يَأْتِي فِيهِ بَيْتَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَحَدَ طَرَفَىِ النَّهَارِ فَلَمَّا أُذِنَ لَهُ فِي الْخُرُوجِ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ لَمْ يَرُعْنَا إِلاَّ وَقَدْ أَتَانَا ظُهْرًا فَخُبِّرَ بِهِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ مَا جَاءَنَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فِي هَذِهِ السَّاعَةِ إِلاَّ لأَمْرٍ حَدَثَ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ لأَبِي بَكْرٍ أَخْرِجْ مَنْ عِنْدَكَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّمَا هُمَا ابْنَتَاىَ يَعْنِي عَائِشَةَ وَأَسْمَاءَ قَالَ أَشَعَرْتَ أَنَّهُ قَدْ أُذِنَ لِي فِي الْخُرُوجِ قَالَ الصُّحْبَةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ الصُّحْبَةَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ عِنْدِي نَاقَتَيْنِ أَعْدَدْتُهُمَا لِلْخُرُوجِ فَخُذْ إِحْدَاهُمَا قَالَ قَدْ أَخَذْتُهَا بِالثَّمَنِ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Do not urge somebody to return what he has already bought (i.e. in optional sale) from another seller so as to sell him your own goods."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ لاَ يَبِيعُ بَعْضُكُمْ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the selling of things by a town dweller on behalf of a desert dweller; and similarly Najsh was forbidden. And one should not urge somebody to return the goods to the seller so as to sell him his own goods; nor should one demand the hand of a girl who has already been engaged to someone else; and a woman should not try to cause some other woman to be divorced in order to take her place.  

نَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَبِيعَ حَاضِرٌ لِبَادٍ وَلاَ تَنَاجَشُوا وَلاَ يَبِيعُ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ وَلاَ يَخْطُبُ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ وَلاَ تَسْأَلُ الْمَرْأَةُ طَلاَقَ أُخْتِهَا لِتَكْفَأَ مَا فِي إِنَائِهَا  

A man decided that a slave of his would be manumitted after his death and later on he was in need of money, so the Prophet ﷺ took the slave and said, "Who will buy this slave from me?" Nu'aim bin ʿAbdullah bought him for such and such price and the Prophet ﷺ gave him the slave.  

عَنْ دُبُرٍ فَاحْتَاجَ فَأَخَذَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَقَالَ مَنْ يَشْتَرِيهِ مِنِّي فَاشْتَرَاهُ نُعَيْمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بِكَذَا وَكَذَا فَدَفَعَهُ إِلَيْهِ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade Najsh.  

نَهَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَنِ النَّجْشِ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the sale called 'Habal-al-Habala which was a kind of sale practiced in the Pre- Islamic Period of ignorance. One would pay the price of a she-camel which was not born yet would be born by the immediate offspring of an extant she-camel.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ حَبَلِ الْحَبَلَةِ وَكَانَ بَيْعًا يَتَبَايَعُهُ أَهْلُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ كَانَ الرَّجُلُ يَبْتَاعُ الْجَزُورَ إِلَى أَنْ تُنْتَجَ النَّاقَةُ ثُمَّ تُنْتَجُ الَّتِي فِي بَطْنِهَا  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade the selling by Munabadha, i.e. to sell one's garment by casting it to the buyer not allowing him to examine or see it. Similarly he forbade the selling by Mulamasa. Mulamasa is to buy a garment, for example, by merely touching it, not looking at it.  

أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنِ الْمُنَابَذَةِ وَهْىَ طَرْحُ الرَّجُلِ ثَوْبَهُ بِالْبَيْعِ إِلَى الرَّجُلِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُقَلِّبَهُ أَوْ يَنْظُرَ إِلَيْهِ وَنَهَى عَنِ الْمُلاَمَسَةِ وَالْمُلاَمَسَةُ لَمْسُ الثَّوْبِ لاَ يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْهِ  

The Prophet ﷺ forbade two kinds of dressing; (one of them) is to sit with one's legs drawn up while wrapped in one garment. (The other) is to lift that garment on one's shoulders. And also forbade two kinds of sale: Al-Limais and An-Nibadh.  

أَنْ يَحْتَبِيَ الرَّجُلُ فِي الثَّوْبِ الْوَاحِدِ ثُمَّ يَرْفَعَهُ عَلَى مَنْكِبِهِ وَعَنْ بَيْعَتَيْنِ اللِّمَاسِ وَالنِّبَاذِ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade selling by Mulamasa and Munabadha.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَهَى عَنِ الْمُلاَمَسَةِ وَالْمُنَابَذَةِ  

The Prophet ﷺ forbade two kinds of dresses and two kinds of sale, i.e., Mulamasa and Munabadha.  

نَهَى النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَنْ لِبْسَتَيْنِ وَعَنْ بَيْعَتَيْنِ الْمُلاَمَسَةِ وَالْمُنَابَذَةِ  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "Don't keep camels and sheep unmilked for a long time, for whoever buys such an animal has the option to milk it and then either to keep it or return it to the owner along with one Sa of dates." Some narrated from Ibn Seereen (that the Prophet ﷺ had said), "One Sa of wheat, and he has the option for three days." And some narrated from Ibn Seereen, " ... a Sa of dates," not mentioning the option for three days. But a Sa of dates is mentioned in most narrations.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ لاَ تُصَرُّوا الإِبِلَ وَالْغَنَمَ فَمَنِ ابْتَاعَهَا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّهُ بِخَيْرِ النَّظَرَيْنِ بَعْدَ أَنْ يَحْتَلِبَهَا إِنْ شَاءَ أَمْسَكَ وَإِنْ شَاءَ رَدَّهَا وَصَاعَ تَمْرٍ وَيُذْكَرُ عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ وَمُجَاهِدٍ وَالْوَلِيدِ بْنِ رَبَاحٍ وَمُوسَى بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ صَاعَ تَمْرٍ وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ عَنِ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ صَاعًا مِنْ طَعَامٍ وَهْوَ بِالْخِيَارِ ثَلاَثًا وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ عَنِ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ ثَلاَثًا وَالتَّمْرُ أَكْثَرُ